CN115639496A - Intelligent power distribution cabinet state monitoring system - Google Patents
Intelligent power distribution cabinet state monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115639496A CN115639496A CN202211274937.9A CN202211274937A CN115639496A CN 115639496 A CN115639496 A CN 115639496A CN 202211274937 A CN202211274937 A CN 202211274937A CN 115639496 A CN115639496 A CN 115639496A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent power distribution, and provides an intelligent power distribution cabinet state monitoring system which comprises an arrester leakage current monitoring circuit, wherein the arrester leakage current monitoring circuit comprises a first current sensor, an operational amplifier U1A, a resistor R2, a capacitor C1, an operational amplifier U1B, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C3, the first current sensor is used for detecting power frequency leakage current, the output end of the first current sensor is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A, the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A is grounded, and the output end of the operational amplifier U1A is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A in a feedback manner through the resistor R1.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent power distribution, in particular to a state monitoring system of an intelligent power distribution cabinet.
Background
The power distribution cabinet is terminal equipment of a power system, integrates various electrical equipment, comprises a lightning arrester, various circuit breakers, mutual inductors and the like, can timely find faults by monitoring the power distribution cabinet in real time, and maintains the fault equipment, so that the stability of the power system is improved. At present, the monitoring precision of the power distribution cabinet needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an intelligent power distribution cabinet state monitoring system, which solves the problem of low power distribution cabinet state monitoring precision in the related technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: comprises an arrester leakage current monitoring circuit, the arrester leakage current monitoring circuit comprises a first current sensor, an operational amplifier U1A, a resistor R2, a capacitor C1, an operational amplifier U1B, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C3,
the first current sensor is used for detecting power frequency leakage current, the output end of the first current sensor is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A, the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A is grounded, the output end of the operational amplifier U1A is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A in a feedback mode through a resistor R1,
the first end of the resistor R2 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1A, the second end of the resistor R2 is grounded through a capacitor C1, the second end of the resistor R2 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1B, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1B through a resistor R4,
the output end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A through a resistor R6, the output end of the operational amplifier U1B is grounded through a capacitor C3, and the output end of the operational amplifier U1A is used as the output of the lightning arrester leakage current monitoring circuit and is connected into a main control chip.
Further, the output of the lightning arrester leakage current monitoring circuit is connected to the main control chip through a peak detection circuit, the peak detection circuit comprises a diode D1, a capacitor C4, a resistor R7 and an operational amplifier U2A,
diode D1's positive pole with U1A's output is connected to fortune, diode D1's negative pole is connected with electric capacity C4's first end, electric capacity C4's second end ground connection, electric capacity C7 is parallelly connected in electric capacity C4's both ends, electric capacity C4's first end is inserted U2A's in-phase input is put to fortune, U2A's inverting input is put to fortune is connected U2A's output is put to fortune, U2A's output is put to fortune as peak detection circuit's output, inserts main control chip.
Further, the lightning arrester discharge frequency monitoring circuit comprises a second current sensor, a limiting circuit, a rectifying circuit, a capacitor C6 and an optocoupler U5 which are connected in sequence,
the second current sensor is used for detecting lightning stroke signals, the amplitude limiting circuit is connected in parallel to the output end of the second current sensor, the input end of the rectifying circuit is connected with the output end of the second current sensor, the first output end of the rectifying circuit is connected with the first end of the capacitor C6, the second end of the capacitor C6 is connected into the first input end of the optocoupler U5, the second input end of the optocoupler U5 is grounded, the first output end of the optocoupler U5 is connected with a power VCC through a resistor R13, the second output end of the optocoupler U5 is grounded, and the first output end of the optocoupler U5 serves as the output of the lightning arrester discharge frequency monitoring circuit and is connected into the main control chip.
Further, the amplitude limiting circuit comprises a bidirectional voltage-stabilizing tube U3, and two ends of the bidirectional voltage-stabilizing tube U3 are connected in parallel to the output end of the second current sensor.
Further, the rectifying circuit comprises a rectifying bridge formed by a diode D2, a diode D3, a diode D4 and a diode D5.
Further, the rectifier circuit further comprises a capacitor C5 and a resistor R11, wherein the capacitor C5 is connected to two ends of the rectifier circuit in parallel, one end of the resistor R11 is connected with a first output end of the rectifier circuit, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to a first end of the capacitor C6.
Furthermore, the temperature detection device also comprises a plurality of temperature detection modules, the output ends of the temperature detection modules are respectively connected into a plurality of data input ends of the multi-path analog switch U4, and the address end and the data output end of the multi-path analog switch U4 are connected with the main control chip.
Further, still include sleeve pipe oil starvation detection circuitry, sleeve pipe oil starvation detection circuitry includes capacitanc level sensor C8, inductance L1, current source Is and comparator U12, inductance L1 with capacitanc level sensor Is parallelly connected, capacitanc level sensor C8's first end inserts comparator U12's in-phase input end, capacitanc level sensor C8's second end ground connection, comparator U12's inverting input end ground connection, comparator U12's output inserts main control chip.
Further, still include that U2B, resistance R20, resistance R21 and resistance R22 are put to fortune, U2B's homophase input end is put through resistance R22 ground connection to fortune, U2B's inverting input end is put to fortune with inductance L1 is established ties, U2B's output is put to fortune is passed through resistance R20 and is connected the inverting input end, U2B's output is put to fortune is passed through resistance R21 and is connected the homophase input end.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the first current sensor is used for detecting the current flowing through the lightning arrester when the lightning arrester works under normal power frequency voltage, namely leakage current, and the leakage current is an important monitoring index of the lightning arrester. Under normal conditions, the leakage current is very small and is not more than 50uA, the output signal of the first current sensor is very weak, and the operational amplifier U1A forms an amplifying circuit and is used for amplifying the output signal of the first current sensor. In order to eliminate the influence of zero drift, a direct current negative feedback circuit is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U1A, and the working principle is as follows: the filter circuit composed of the resistor R2 and the capacitor C1 is used for filtering alternating current signals, if zero drift exists, a direct current component can appear at the output end of the operational amplifier U1A, and the direct current component is fed back to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A through the capacitor C1, the operational amplifier U1B and the resistor R6, so that the direct current component at the output end of the operational amplifier U1A is reduced. The design of the direct current negative feedback circuit reduces the influence of zero drift and is beneficial to improving the detection precision of leakage current.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a leakage current monitoring circuit for an arrester according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit for monitoring the discharge times of an arrester according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a temperature detection module according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a casing oil starvation detection circuit according to the present invention;
in the figure: the lightning arrester monitoring system comprises a lightning arrester leakage current monitoring circuit 1, a lightning arrester discharge frequency monitoring circuit 2, a temperature detection module 3 and a sleeve oil shortage detection circuit 4.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall relate to the scope of protection of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the state monitoring system of the intelligent power distribution cabinet of this embodiment includes an arrester leakage current monitoring circuit, which includes a first current sensor, an operational amplifier U1A, a resistor R2, a capacitor C1, an operational amplifier U1B, a resistor R6, and a capacitor C3,
the first current sensor is used for detecting power frequency leakage current, the output end of the first current sensor is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A, the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A is grounded, the output end of the operational amplifier U1A is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A in a feedback mode through a resistor R1,
the first end of the resistor R2 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1A, the second end of the resistor R2 is grounded through the capacitor C1, the second end of the resistor R2 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1B, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1B through the resistor R4,
the output end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A through a resistor R6, the output end of the operational amplifier U1B is grounded through a capacitor C3, and the output end of the operational amplifier U1A is used as the output of the lightning arrester leakage current monitoring circuit and is connected to a main control chip.
In this embodiment, the first current sensor is used for detecting the current that flows when the arrester works, namely leakage current, under normal power frequency voltage, and leakage current is an important monitoring index of the arrester. Under normal conditions, the leakage current is very small and is not more than 50uA, the output signal of the first current sensor is very weak, and the operational amplifier U1A forms an amplifying circuit and is used for amplifying the output signal of the first current sensor. In order to eliminate the influence of zero drift, a direct current negative feedback circuit is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U1A, and the working principle is as follows: the filter circuit composed of the resistor R2 and the capacitor C1 is used for filtering alternating current signals, if zero drift exists, a direct current component can appear at the output end of the operational amplifier U1A, and the direct current component is fed back to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A through the capacitor C1, the operational amplifier U1B and the resistor R6, so that the direct current component at the output end of the operational amplifier U1A is reduced. The design of the direct current negative feedback circuit reduces the influence of zero drift and is beneficial to improving the detection precision of leakage current.
Further, the output of the lightning arrester leakage current monitoring circuit is connected to the main control chip through a peak detection circuit, as shown in fig. 1, the peak detection circuit comprises a diode D1, a capacitor C4, a resistor R7 and an operational amplifier U2A,
the positive pole of diode D1 is connected with the output that U1A was put to fortune, and diode D1's negative pole is connected with the first end of electric capacity C4, and electric capacity C4's second end ground connection, and electric capacity C7 connects in parallel at electric capacity C4's both ends, and U2A's in-phase input is put to electric capacity C4's first end access fortune, and U2A's output is put to fortune inverting input connection fortune, and U2A's output is put as peak detection circuit's output to fortune, and the access main control chip.
The output end signal of the operational amplifier U1A is an alternating current signal, and the main control chip can only identify a positive voltage signal, so that the peak value of the alternating current signal is obtained through the peak value detection circuit and is input into the main control chip, and the main control chip can read the peak value accurately. The working principle of the peak detection circuit is as follows: the diode D1 plays a role in reverse cut-off, the diode D1 is switched on in the positive half cycle of the alternating current signal, the alternating current signal charges the capacitor C4 through the diode D1, the voltage at two ends of the capacitor C4 is increased, and when the voltage of the capacitor C4 reaches the peak voltage of the alternating current signal, the charging is stopped; in the negative half cycle of the ac signal, diode D1 is turned off and capacitor C4 is discharged through resistor R7 in preparation for the next charge. This is repeated, and the voltage across the capacitor C4 is maintained at the peak voltage of the ac signal.
Further, the lightning arrester discharge frequency monitoring circuit also comprises a lightning arrester discharge frequency monitoring circuit, as shown in figure 2, the lightning arrester discharge frequency monitoring circuit comprises a second current sensor, a limiting circuit, a rectifying circuit, a capacitor C6 and an optocoupler U5 which are connected in sequence,
the second current sensor is used for detecting lightning stroke signals, the amplitude limiting circuit is connected in parallel at the output of second current sensor, the input of rectifier circuit is connected with the output of second current sensor, the first output of rectifier circuit is connected with electric capacity C6's first end, electric capacity C6's second end inserts the first input of opto-coupler U5, opto-coupler U5's second input ground connection, opto-coupler U5's first output passes through resistance R13 and connects the power VCC, opto-coupler U5's second output ground connection, opto-coupler U5's first output is as the output of arrester discharge number of times monitoring circuit, insert main control chip.
The number of times of discharging is another monitoring index of arrester, and when the number of times of discharging surpassed a definite value, just need change the arrester. The working principle of the lightning arrester discharge frequency monitoring circuit of the embodiment is as follows: the second current sensor is used for detecting a lightning stroke signal, and the amplitude limiting circuit is used for limiting the output voltage of the second current sensor within a set range so as to prevent the subsequent circuit from being damaged by overhigh voltage; the voltage signal after amplitude limiting is converted into a rectangular pulse signal after passing through a rectifying circuit, the rectangular pulse signal is converted into a peaked pulse signal after being differentiated by a capacitor C6, the peaked pulse signal drives an optocoupler U5 to act, the level of the output end of the optocoupler U5 generates falling edge jump, and once the main control circuit receives the falling edge jump signal, a lightning stroke is considered to occur, and accumulation counting is performed once.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the amplitude limiting circuit includes a bidirectional regulator tube U3, and two ends of the bidirectional regulator tube U3 are connected in parallel to the output end of the second current sensor.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the rectifier circuit includes a rectifier bridge formed by a diode D2, a diode D3, a diode D4, and a diode D5.
The amplitude limiting circuit is realized by adopting a bidirectional voltage stabilizing tube U3, the rectifying circuit is realized by adopting a rectifying bridge consisting of a diode D2, a diode D3, a diode D4 and a diode D5, and the circuit is simple in structure and low in cost.
Further, the rectifier circuit further comprises a capacitor C5 and a resistor R11, as shown in fig. 2, the capacitor C5 is connected in parallel to two ends of the rectifier circuit, one end of the resistor R11 is connected to the first output end of the rectifier circuit, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the first end of the capacitor C6.
The capacitor C5 and the resistor R11 form a low-pass filter circuit for filtering high-frequency harmonic noise and avoiding the false triggering of the optocoupler U5 caused by high-frequency signal interference.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the temperature monitoring device further includes a plurality of temperature detection modules, output terminals of the plurality of temperature detection modules are respectively connected to a plurality of data input terminals of the multi-path analog switch U4, and an address terminal and a data output terminal of the multi-path analog switch U4 are both connected to the main control chip.
In the embodiment, a plurality of temperature detection modules U6-U10 are respectively arranged at a plurality of temperature detection points of the power distribution cabinet and used for detecting the temperature of a lightning arrester, the temperature of a capacitor, the temperature of a circuit breaker, the temperature of an isolating switch and the like in the power distribution cabinet; the output data of the plurality of temperature monitoring modules U6-U10 are respectively accessed to the data input ends IO 0-IO 7 of the multi-path analog switch U4, the main control chip outputs different signals to the address end A/B/C of the multi-path analog switch U4 to control the conduction of different input channels IO 0-IO 7, the time-sharing reading of the temperature data is realized, and the IO resources of the main control chip are saved.
Further, still include sleeve pipe oil starvation detection circuitry, as shown in fig. 4, sleeve pipe oil starvation detection circuitry includes capacitanc level sensor C8, inductance L1, current source Is and comparator U12, inductance L1 and capacitanc level sensor are parallelly connected, capacitanc level sensor C8's first end inserts comparator U12's homophase input end, capacitanc level sensor C8's second end ground connection, comparator U12's inverting input end ground connection, comparator U12's output connects into main control chip.
The transformer high-voltage side sleeve pipe in the power distribution cabinet is a pure porcelain oil-filled sleeve pipe, if gas exists in the sleeve pipe, transformer oil is not filled in the oil-filled sleeve pipe, the insulation of the sleeve pipe is reduced, and the safe operation of a power grid is threatened. This embodiment is through setting up the sleeve pipe oil deficiency detection circuitry, can real-time supervision fill the intraductal oil level of oil sleeve, discovery problem in time handles. The working principle is as follows: along with different oil levels, the capacitance value of the capacitance type liquid level sensor C8 changes, and the resonance frequency of a parallel resonance circuit formed by the capacitance type liquid level sensor C8 and the inductor L1 changes; the resonance voltage is connected to the non-inverting input end of the comparator U12, the output end of the comparator U12 outputs a square wave signal which is in the same phase as the resonance voltage, the square wave signal is connected to the main control chip, the main control chip can obtain the resonance frequency by reading the frequency of the square wave signal, and therefore the capacitance value is obtained according to the resonance frequency, and the oil level is obtained according to the capacitance value.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the power supply further comprises an operational amplifier U2B, a resistor R20, a resistor R21 and a resistor R22, wherein the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2B is grounded through the resistor R22, the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2B is connected in series with the inductor L1, the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2B is connected with the inverting input terminal through the resistor R20, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2B is connected with the non-inverting input terminal through the resistor R21.
Due to the existence of the equivalent resistance RL in the inductor L1, the stability of the resonant frequency is affected, and thus the calculation of the capacitance value is affected. In this embodiment, the arrangement of the resistor R20, the resistor R21, the resistor R22, and the operational amplifier U2B forms a negative resistance on the series branch of the inductor L1, so as to cancel the influence of the equivalent resistance RL. The working principle is as follows: the voltage of the U2B in-phase input terminal of the operational amplifier is recorded as U + The inverse input terminal voltage is U - The branch currents I1, I2, I3, I4 are shown in fig. 4.
As known from the "virtual break" characteristic of the operational amplifier, I1= I2, I3= I4;
from the "virtual short" property of the operational amplifier, U + ＝U - ；
Operational amplifier U2B output terminal voltage Uo = U + -I2×R20＝U - I3 XR 21, due to U + ＝U - When R20= R21, I2= I3, so there is I1= I2= I3= I4;
looking into from the lower end of RL, the equivalent resistances of R20, R21, R22 and U2B are:
Ri＝Ui/I1＝U + i4= -R22, that is, the resistor R20, the resistor R21, the resistor R22, and the operational amplifier U2B form a negative resistor-R22 at the lower end of the RL.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The intelligent power distribution cabinet state monitoring system is characterized by comprising an arrester leakage current monitoring circuit (1), wherein the arrester leakage current monitoring circuit (1) comprises a first current sensor, an operational amplifier U1A, a resistor R2, a capacitor C1, an operational amplifier U1B, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C3,
the first current sensor is used for detecting power frequency leakage current, the output end of the first current sensor is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A, the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A is grounded, the output end of the operational amplifier U1A is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A in a feedback mode through a resistor R1,
the first end of the resistor R2 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1A, the second end of the resistor R2 is grounded through a capacitor C1, the second end of the resistor R2 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1B, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1B through a resistor R4,
the output end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A through a resistor R6, the output end of the operational amplifier U1B is grounded through a capacitor C3, and the output end of the operational amplifier U1A is used as the output of the lightning arrester leakage current monitoring circuit (1) and is connected into a main control chip.
2. The intelligent power distribution cabinet state monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the output of the lightning arrester leakage current monitoring circuit (1) is connected to the main control chip through a peak detection circuit, the peak detection circuit comprises a diode D1, a capacitor C4, a resistor R7 and an operational amplifier U2A,
diode D1's positive pole with U1A's output is connected to fortune, diode D1's negative pole is connected with electric capacity C4's first end, electric capacity C4's second end ground connection, electric capacity C7 is parallelly connected in electric capacity C4's both ends, electric capacity C4's first end is inserted U2A's in-phase input is put to fortune, U2A's inverting input is put to fortune is connected U2A's output is put to fortune, U2A's output is put to fortune as peak detection circuit's output, inserts main control chip.
3. The intelligent power distribution cabinet state monitoring system according to claim 1, further comprising an arrester discharge frequency monitoring circuit (2), wherein the arrester discharge frequency monitoring circuit (2) comprises a second current sensor, a limiting circuit, a rectifying circuit, a capacitor C6 and an optocoupler U5 which are connected in sequence,
the lightning stroke signal is detected by the second current sensor, the amplitude limiting circuit is connected in parallel to the output end of the second current sensor, the input end of the rectifying circuit is connected with the output end of the second current sensor, the first output end of the rectifying circuit is connected with the first end of the capacitor C6, the second end of the capacitor C6 is connected into the first input end of the optocoupler U5, the second input end of the optocoupler U5 is grounded, the first output end of the optocoupler U5 is connected with a power VCC through a resistor R13, the second output end of the optocoupler U5 is grounded, and the first output end of the optocoupler U5 serves as the output of the lightning arrester discharge frequency monitoring circuit (2) and is connected into the main control chip.
4. The system according to claim 3, wherein the amplitude limiting circuit comprises a bidirectional regulator tube U3, and two ends of the bidirectional regulator tube U3 are connected in parallel to the output end of the second current sensor.
5. The system according to claim 3, wherein the rectifier circuit comprises a rectifier bridge formed by a diode D2, a diode D3, a diode D4 and a diode D5.
6. The system according to claim 3, further comprising a capacitor C5 and a resistor R11, wherein the capacitor C5 is connected in parallel to the two ends of the rectifier circuit, one end of the resistor R11 is connected to the first output end of the rectifier circuit, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the first end of the capacitor C6.
7. The system according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of temperature detection modules (3), wherein output terminals of the plurality of temperature detection modules (3) are respectively connected to a plurality of data input terminals of the multi-channel analog switch U4, and both an address terminal and a data output terminal of the multi-channel analog switch U4 are connected to the main control chip.
8. The intelligent power distribution cabinet state monitoring system according to claim 1, further comprising a casing oil shortage detection circuit (4), wherein the casing oil shortage detection circuit (4) comprises a capacitive liquid level sensor C8, an inductor L1, a current source Is and a comparator U12, the inductor L1 and the capacitive liquid level sensor are connected in parallel, a first end of the capacitive liquid level sensor C8 Is connected to a non-inverting input end of the comparator U12, a second end of the capacitive liquid level sensor C8 Is grounded, an inverting input end of the comparator U12 Is grounded, and an output end of the comparator U12 Is connected to the main control chip.
9. The intelligent power distribution cabinet state monitoring system according to claim 8, further comprising an operational amplifier U2B, a resistor R20, a resistor R21 and a resistor R22, wherein a non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2B is grounded through the resistor R22, an inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2B is connected in series with the inductor L1, an output terminal of the operational amplifier U2B is connected with the inverting input terminal through the resistor R20, and an output terminal of the operational amplifier U2B is connected with the non-inverting input terminal through the resistor R21.
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