CN115637307A - Converter and control method of converter bottom blowing - Google Patents
Converter and control method of converter bottom blowing Download PDFInfo
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- CN115637307A CN115637307A CN202211209382.XA CN202211209382A CN115637307A CN 115637307 A CN115637307 A CN 115637307A CN 202211209382 A CN202211209382 A CN 202211209382A CN 115637307 A CN115637307 A CN 115637307A
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- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 386
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 33
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 33
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular oxygen Chemical compound C.O=O CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a converter and a control method of converter bottom blowing, wherein the converter comprises a first bottom blowing mechanism and a second bottom blowing mechanism; the second bottom blowing mechanism comprises N bottom blowing elements and is arranged on the circumference of the ellipse; the ellipse is positioned at the bottom of the converter and comprises a short axis and a long axis, the direction of the short axis is the direction of a trunnion of the converter, and the direction of the long axis is vertical to the direction of the trunnion; the length of the long shaft is equal to the diameter of the converter bottom in the direction of the long shaft or the diameter of the converter bottom in the direction of the short shaft, and the length of the short shaft is 60-63% of the length of the long shaft; n is more than or equal to 4 and is an even number; the first bottom blowing mechanism comprises N bottom blowing elements, the first bottom blowing mechanism is arranged on the circumference of an inscribed circle of the ellipse, and the center of the inscribed circle is located at the middle point of the short axis of the ellipse. The converter adopting the bottom blowing element arrangement can form an asymmetric bottom blowing flow field at the bottom of a molten pool, so that the carbon-oxygen product in molten steel is obviously reduced when the converter taps, and the smelting quality of the molten steel is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of converter steelmaking, in particular to a converter and a control method for converter bottom blowing.
Background
At present, in the field of steelmaking, a top-bottom combined blown converter shows a better metallurgical effect in the process of smelting high-quality steel. If the converter has good bottom blowing, the purity of the molten steel can be improved, the oxygen content of the molten steel is reduced, and the generation of inclusions after initial deoxidation is further reduced. At present, one of the key factors for limiting the further improvement of the metallurgical effect is how to improve the bottom blowing effect of the converter.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a converter and a control method of converter bottom blowing, which aim to solve or partially solve the technical problem of how to further improve the converter bottom blowing effect in the molten steel smelting process.
In order to solve the technical problem, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a converter is provided, which includes a first bottom blowing mechanism and a second bottom blowing mechanism;
the second bottom blowing mechanism comprises N bottom blowing elements and is arranged on the circumference of the ellipse; the ellipse is positioned at the bottom of the converter and comprises a short shaft and a long shaft, the direction of the short shaft is the direction of a trunnion of the converter, and the direction of the long shaft is vertical to the direction of the trunnion; the length of the long axis is equal to the diameter of the converter bottom in the direction of the long axis or the diameter of the converter bottom in the direction of the short axis, and the length of the short axis is 60-63% of the length of the long axis; n is more than or equal to 4 and is an even number;
the first bottom blowing mechanism comprises N bottom blowing elements, the first bottom blowing mechanism is arranged on the circumference of an inscribed circle of the ellipse, and the center of the inscribed circle is located at the midpoint of the short axis of the ellipse.
Optionally, an included angle between a connecting line of each bottom blowing element in the first bottom blowing mechanism and the circle center and the major axis of the ellipse is 54 to 64 degrees.
Optionally, an included angle between a connecting line between each bottom blowing element in the second bottom blowing mechanism and the circle center and the major axis of the ellipse is 36 to 46 degrees.
Optionally, the first bottom blowing mechanism includes a first bottom blowing element, a second bottom blowing element, a third bottom blowing element and a fourth bottom blowing element; the first bottom blowing element and the second bottom blowing element are axially symmetrically distributed relative to the short axis, the first bottom blowing element and the fourth bottom blowing element are axially symmetrically distributed relative to the long axis, and the second bottom blowing element and the third bottom blowing element are axially symmetrically distributed relative to the long axis;
the second bottom blowing mechanism comprises a fifth bottom blowing element, a sixth bottom blowing element, a seventh bottom blowing element and an eighth bottom blowing element; the fifth bottom blowing element and the sixth bottom blowing element are in axial symmetry distribution relative to the short axis, the fifth bottom blowing element and the eighth bottom blowing element are in axial symmetry distribution relative to the long axis, and the sixth bottom blowing element and the seventh bottom blowing element are in axial symmetry distribution relative to the long axis.
In a second aspect, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a control method for bottom blowing of a converter, which is applied to the converter provided in the first aspect, and includes:
the stage that converter top-blown oxygen supply volume's volume percentage is 70% ~ 100%, control N2 bottom blowing component in the first bottom blowing mechanism, N2 bottom blowing component in the second bottom blowing mechanism adopts first total air feed flow to carry out the bottom blowing, control first bottom blowing mechanism with surplus bottom blowing component in the second bottom blowing mechanism adopts the second to add total air feed flow and carries out the bottom blowing, first total air feed flow does the second adds total air feed flow more than the twice of air feed flow.
In a third aspect, a control method for converter bottom blowing according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to the converter provided in the first aspect, and the control method includes:
controlling the first bottom blowing group to perform bottom blowing by adopting a third total supply air flow and controlling the second bottom blowing group to perform bottom blowing by adopting a fourth total supply air flow at the stage that the volume percentage of the top-blown oxygen supply amount of the converter is 70-100%;
wherein the first bottom blowing group comprises the first bottom blowing element, the fourth bottom blowing element, the sixth bottom blowing element and the seventh bottom blowing element or comprises the second bottom blowing element, the third bottom blowing element, the fifth bottom blowing element and the eighth bottom blowing element; the second bottom blowing group is a residual bottom blowing element in the first bottom blowing mechanism and the second bottom blowing mechanism; the third total supply airflow is more than twice the fourth total supply airflow.
Optionally, the third total supply gas flow is 0.10-0.20M 3 The fourth total air supply flow is 0.010-0.040M 3 /min/t。
Optionally, the control method further includes:
controlling the first bottom blowing mechanism and the second bottom blowing mechanism to perform bottom blowing by adopting a fifth total supply gas flow at the stage that the volume percentage of the top-blown oxygen supply amount of the converter is 0-20%, wherein the fifth total supply gas flow is 0.08-0.20M 3 /min/t。
Optionally, the control method further includes:
controlling the first bottom blowing mechanism and the second bottom blowing mechanism to perform bottom blowing by adopting a sixth total supply flow at the stage that the volume percentage of the top-blown oxygen supply amount of the converter is 20-70%, wherein the sixth total supply flow is 0.03-0.08M 3 /min/t。
Optionally, at the stage that the volume percentage of the top-blown oxygen supply amount of the converter is 0% to 70%, the air supply flow of each bottom-blowing element in the first bottom-blowing mechanism and the second bottom-blowing mechanism is equal.
Through one or more technical schemes of the invention, the invention has the following beneficial effects or advantages:
the invention provides a converter, wherein a second bottom blowing mechanism is arranged on the elliptical circumference of the bottom of the converter, and a first bottom blowing mechanism is arranged on the circumference of the inscribed circle of the ellipse; wherein the minor axis direction of the ellipse is the trunnion direction of the converter, the major axis direction is vertical to the trunnion direction, the major axis length of the ellipse is equal to the diameter of the converter bottom in the major axis direction or the diameter in the minor axis direction, and the minor axis length is 60-63% of the major axis length; the center of the inscribed circle is positioned at the midpoint of the short axis of the ellipse, and the diameter of the inscribed circle is equal to the length of the short axis. By arranging the plurality of bottom blowing elements in the first bottom blowing mechanism and the second bottom blowing mechanism according to the mode, an asymmetric bottom blowing flow field can be formed at the bottom of the molten pool by controlling the blowing quantity and the air supply flow of the bottom blowing elements during bottom blowing, so that the carbon-oxygen deposit in molten steel is obviously reduced during the tapping of the converter, and the smelting quality of the molten steel is improved.
The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the present invention can be implemented in accordance with the content of the description so as to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, and the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the arrangement of bottom blowing elements of a converter bottom provided according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the total gas supply amount of the bottom-blowing element according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a bottom-blowing element according to example 1 of the present invention that is opened at a large flow rate when the top-blown oxygen amount is 70% to 100%
(6) (7) a position schematic diagram at the furnace bottom;
FIG. 4 shows a bottom-blowing element according to embodiment 1 of the present invention
(6) (7) a schematic diagram of the amount of air supplied during bottom blowing;
FIG. 5 shows a bottom-blowing element according to embodiment 1 of the present invention
(5) (8) a schematic diagram of the air supply amount in the bottom blowing process;
FIG. 6 shows a bottom-blowing element according to example 2 of the present invention that is opened at a large flow rate when the top-blown oxygen amount is 70% to 100%
(5) (8) a schematic view of the position on the bottom of the furnace.
FIG. 7 shows a bottom-blowing element according to embodiment 2 of the present invention
(5) (8) a schematic diagram of the amount of air supplied during bottom blowing;
FIG. 8 shows a bottom-blowing element according to embodiment 2 of the present invention
(6) (7) gas supply amount in the bottom blowing process.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present application more clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application pertains, the following detailed description of the present application is made with reference to the accompanying drawings. Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically noted, terms used herein should be understood as having meanings as commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. If there is a conflict, the present specification will control. Unless otherwise specifically stated, various apparatuses and the like used in the present invention are either commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
At present, metallurgy workers also develop a lot of work in the aspect of improving the bottom blowing effect of the converter:
the related technology 1 provides a bottom blowing process for distributing and controlling two groups of air bricks on the same circle by bottom blowing bricks of a converter, which mainly comprises the steps of distributing the two groups of bottom blowing bricks according to different air volume ratios, ensuring that the bottom blowing bricks are not blocked by low air volume, and opening the bottom blowing bricks alternately in an opening mode, so that the metallurgical reaction kinetic conditions are improved, and the corrosion to the bottom blowing bricks is slowed down.
The related technology 3 provides a method for improving the bottom blowing gas stirring effect of a combined blowing converter, wherein n nozzles for spraying gas into the converter are arranged at the bottom of the converter and are distributed according to a spiral line, wherein the nozzle positioned at the center of the bottom of the converter is P1, and the nozzles are P2, P3, 8230, pn, the flow rates of the gas sprayed by the nozzles are Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, 8230, qn, and the spraying flow rates of the nozzles are increased or reduced in sequence; the method aims to realize spiral arrangement and different gas distribution of bottom blowing elements of the converter, so that a flow field of a molten pool forms spiral stirring, the stirring effect of the molten pool is further improved, and the molten steel components and the temperature are more uniform through the method.
Related art 5 provides an air brick layout structure of a top-bottom combined blown converter, which adopts four air bricks, wherein the air bricks are arranged on two concentric circles with different diameters and are arranged in a rotational symmetry manner, the air brick on the inner circumference and the trunnion connecting line form 21 +/-5 degrees, and the air brick on the outer circumference and the trunnion connecting line form 15 +/-5 degrees. The setting mode can strengthen the stirring of molten steel in a molten pool, shorten the mixing time, obviously reduce the TFe content in the steel slag and reduce the total amount of initial inclusions by reasonably configuring the gas pressure and the flow.
None of the above schemes provides its metallurgical effect in carbon oxygen deposit control. Carbon-oxygen deposition, also known as carbon-oxygen concentration deposition, is an important index for measuring bottom blowing effect. The reduction of carbon-oxygen deposit at the end point of molten steel can not only improve the yield of alloy, but also improve the quality of molten steel. In order to further reduce the carbon-oxygen deposit at the end point of the furnace molten steel and improve the smelting quality, the following technical scheme is provided.
In an alternative embodiment, there is provided a rotary kiln comprising a first bottom blowing mechanism and a second bottom blowing mechanism;
the second bottom blowing mechanism comprises N bottom blowing elements and is arranged on the circumference of the ellipse; the ellipse is positioned at the bottom of the converter and comprises a short axis and a long axis, the direction of the short axis is the direction of a trunnion of the converter, and the direction of the long axis is vertical to the direction of the trunnion; the length of the long shaft is equal to the diameter of the converter bottom in the direction of the long shaft or the diameter of the converter bottom in the direction of the short shaft, and the length of the short shaft is 60-63% of the length of the long shaft; n is more than or equal to 4 and is an even number;
the first bottom blowing mechanism comprises N bottom blowing elements, the first bottom blowing mechanism is arranged on the circumference of an inscribed circle of the ellipse, and the center of the inscribed circle is located at the midpoint of the short axis of the ellipse.
Specifically, the bottom blowing element may be a bottom blowing device commonly used in a converter, such as a bottom blowing brick or a bottom blowing gun (nozzle).
In the present embodiment, the ellipse has the trunnion direction of the converter as the minor axis direction and the direction perpendicular to the trunnion as the major axis direction. Regarding the major axis length of the ellipse, if the converter bottom is regarded as an ideal circle, the diameter length of the circle is the major axis length. However, in practice, the converter bottom is not perfectly centered on the ideal center, and the major axis length is determined based on the diameter of the converter bottom in the major axis direction or the diameter of the converter bottom in the minor axis direction, for example, the shorter diameter of the two is determined as the major axis length of an ellipse. The length of the minor axis of the ellipse is determined based on the length of the major axis.
Intuitively, if the trunnion direction of the converter is defined as the Y axis and the direction perpendicular to the trunnion is defined as the X axis, the coordinate equation of the ellipse is:
wherein the major axis length is 2a, the minor axis length is 2b, and b/a = 0.60-0.63.
The center of the inscribed circle of the ellipse is the midpoint of the short axis, and the short axis of the ellipse is the diameter, then the coordinate equation of the inscribed circle is:
x 2 +y 2 ＝b 2 (2)
the present embodiment provides a converter in which a second bottom-blowing mechanism is arranged on the circumference of an ellipse of the converter bottom, and a first bottom-blowing mechanism is arranged on the circumference of an inscribed circle of the ellipse; wherein the minor axis direction of the ellipse is the trunnion direction of the converter, the major axis direction is vertical to the trunnion direction, the major axis length of the ellipse is equal to the diameter of the converter bottom in the major axis direction or the diameter in the minor axis direction, and the minor axis length is 60-63% of the major axis length; the center of the inscribed circle is positioned at the midpoint of the short axis of the ellipse, and the diameter of the inscribed circle is equal to the length of the short axis. By arranging the plurality of bottom blowing elements in the first bottom blowing mechanism and the second bottom blowing mechanism according to the mode, an asymmetric bottom blowing flow field can be formed at the bottom of the molten pool by controlling the blowing quantity and the air supply flow of the bottom blowing elements during bottom blowing, so that the carbon-oxygen deposit in molten steel is obviously reduced during the tapping of the converter, and the smelting quality of the molten steel is improved.
Optionally, an included angle between a connecting line of each bottom blowing element in the first bottom blowing mechanism and the center of the circle and the long axis of the ellipse is 59 ± 5 degrees, namely 54 degrees to 64 degrees, and an included angle between a connecting line of each bottom blowing element in the second bottom blowing mechanism and the center of the circle and the long axis of the ellipse is 41 ± 5 degrees, namely 36 degrees to 46 degrees. So can further improve the bottom blowing effect.
For the sake of clarity, FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the arrangement of bottom blowing elements of a converter bottom, the first bottom blowing mechanism comprising 4 bottom blowing elements: first bottom blowing element
Second bottom blowing element
Third bottom blowing element
And a fourth bottom-blowing element
First bottomBlowing element
With a second bottom-blowing element
The first bottom blowing element is axially symmetrically distributed relative to the short axis
And a fourth bottom-blowing element
Axially symmetrically distributed with respect to the long axis, a second bottom-blowing element
And a third bottom-blowing element
Are axially symmetrically distributed relative to the long axis; when the above conditions are satisfied, the third bottom-blowing element
And a fourth bottom-blowing element
Is axially symmetrically distributed relative to the short axis.
The second bottom blowing mechanism also comprises 4 bottom blowing elements: a fifth bottom blowing element (5), a sixth bottom blowing element (6), a seventh bottom blowing element (7), an eighth bottom blowing element (8); the fifth bottom blowing element (5) and the sixth bottom blowing element (6) are in axial symmetry distribution relative to the short axis, the fifth bottom blowing element (5) and the eighth bottom blowing element (8) are in axial symmetry distribution relative to the long axis, and the sixth bottom blowing element (6) and the seventh bottom blowing element (7) are in axial symmetry distribution relative to the long axis; when the conditions are met, the seventh bottom blowing element (7) and the eighth bottom blowing element (8) are distributed in axial symmetry relative to the short axis.
FIG. 1 also shows a first bottom-blowing element
And an included angle alpha between a circle center connecting line between the inscribed circles and the X axis (the major axis of the ellipse), and an included angle beta between a circle center connecting line between the seventh bottom blowing element (7) and the inscribed circles and the X axis. Due to the aforementioned symmetry, the second bottom blowing element
Third bottom blowing element
And a fourth bottom-blowing element
The corresponding included angles with the X axis are alpha, the corresponding included angles with the X axis are beta, and the corresponding included angles with the X axis are beta in the fifth bottom blowing element (5), the sixth bottom blowing element (6) and the eighth bottom blowing element (8).
It should be noted that the angles are all acute angles, and are independent of the direction of the X axis.
Based on the converter provided in the foregoing embodiment, in another alternative embodiment, a control method of converter bottom blowing is provided, which specifically includes the following steps:
and controlling N/2 bottom blowing elements in the first bottom blowing mechanism at the stage that the volume percentage of the top blowing oxygen supply amount of the converter is 70-100%, controlling N/2 bottom blowing elements in the second bottom blowing mechanism to perform bottom blowing by adopting a first total air supply flow rate, and controlling the rest bottom blowing elements in the first bottom blowing mechanism and the second bottom blowing mechanism to perform bottom blowing by adopting a second total air supply flow rate, wherein the first total air supply flow rate is more than two times of the second total air supply flow rate.
Specifically, after molten iron is added into the converter, the period from the beginning of blowing in the converter to the end of blowing can be measured by using the volume percentage of top-blown oxygen supply as a parameter. When the oxygen supply amount by top blowing is 0%, the start of blowing is indicated, and when the oxygen supply amount by top blowing is 100%, the end of blowing is indicated. The total supply air flow rate represents the sum of the amounts of air blown by the respective bottom blowing elements.
The scheme provided by the embodiment is that a bottom blowing element is started in a non-uniform and large-flow mode at the stage of top blowing oxygen supply of 70-100%. Specifically, half of bottom blowing elements in the first bottom blowing mechanism and half of bottom blowing elements in the second bottom blowing mechanism adopt larger flow to start bottom blowing, and the rest of bottom blowing elements adopt smaller flow to start bottom blowing. The bottom blowing element is opened in a non-uniform and large-flow mode, an asymmetric bottom blowing flow field can be formed at the bottom of the molten pool, so that the carbon-oxygen content of molten steel is rapidly reduced, and the smelting effect is improved.
For example, the first bottom blowing mechanism and the second bottom blowing mechanism in the foregoing embodiments are configured with 4 bottom blowing elements, and the bottom blowing scheme is as follows:
controlling the first bottom blowing group to perform bottom blowing by adopting third total supplied air flow and controlling the second bottom blowing group to perform bottom blowing by adopting fourth total supplied air flow at the stage that the volume percentage of the top-blown oxygen supply amount of the converter is 70-100%; the third total supply airflow is more than twice the fourth total supply airflow.
The first bottom blowing group and the second bottom blowing group are preferably asymmetric, and the preferred mode is as follows:
the first bottom blowing group, which is turned on at a third total supply air flow rate (large flow rate), includes:
a first bottom blowing element
Fourth bottom blowing element
A sixth bottom blowing element (6) and a seventh bottom blowing element (7);
the second bottom blowing group, which is turned on at a fourth total supply air flow (small flow), includes:
second bottom blowing element
Third bottom blowing element
A fifth bottom blowing element (5) and an eighth bottom blowing element (8).
Or both, i.e.:
in a third sum forThe bottom blowing element with the opened air flow comprises:
⑤⑧；
the bottom blowing element that is turned on at the fourth aggregate supply flow rate has:
⑥⑦。
opening at a large flow rate
(6) (7), small flow opening
(5) (8) for example, optionally,
(6) (7) the opened third total supply gas flow is 0.10-0.20M 3 Min/t (unit is cubic meter/minute/ton);
(5) (8) the fourth total supply air flow rate at which the valve is opened is 0.010 to 0.040M 3 And/min/t. The blowing amount of each bottom blowing element can be the same or slightly different.
In addition, at the stage that the volume percentage of the oxygen supply amount blown from the top of the converter is 0-20%, the first bottom blowing mechanism and the second bottom blowing mechanism can be controlled according to the following steps: 0.08-0.20M 3 Blowing is carried out at the total air supply flow of/min/t. At this stage, all the bottom blowing elements are opened, and the blowing amount of each bottom blowing element can be evenly distributed.
Controlling a first bottom blowing mechanism and a second bottom blowing mechanism according to the following steps of: 0.03-0.08M 3 Blowing was performed at a total supply air flow of/min/t. Compared with the stage of 0-20%, the stage reduces the total bottom blowing gas supply strength, aims to reduce the decarburization speed of a molten pool, accumulate the oxygen content in steel, realize further rapid slagging and provide heat for dephosphorizationMechanical conditions.
On the other hand, other alternatives of the first bottom blowing group and the second bottom blowing group are as follows:
the bottom blowing element which is opened by the third total supply air flow comprises:
⑦⑧；
the bottom blowing element that is turned on at the fourth aggregate supply flow rate has:
⑤⑥。
or:
the bottom blowing element which is opened by the third total supply air flow comprises:
⑥⑧；
the bottom blowing element that is turned on at the fourth aggregate supply flow rate has:
⑤⑦。
in order to more intuitively explain the above-described scheme, the following description is made with reference to specific implementation data.
Example 1:
for a 1# converter (200 t) of a certain steel plant, firstly determining the position of a central brick when building a furnace bottom, then carrying out combined building of furnace bottom bricks and air bricks, and selecting a bottom blowing position; the b/a value is 0.62, alpha =62 degrees, beta =38 degrees, and the rest bottom blowing elements are respectively positioned at the symmetrical points of the two points corresponding to the x axis and the y axis, and the total number of the bottom blowing elements is 8. After all preparation works before the preparation smelting are finished, the smelting steel type is selected to be 9Ni steel, the flow rate of a top blowing oxygen lance in the blowing process is the same as or similar to that of a conventional smelting process, and the strength of top blowing gas supply is 3.0-3.8M 3 And between/min/t, the process is changed into gun position and flow rate. The total gas supply flow of the bottom-blowing element in the smelting process is shown in figure 2.
The total air supply intensity of all bottom blowing elements is 0.2M at the beginning of converting 3 Min/t, first bottom blowing group
(6) (7) and second bottom blowing group
(5) (8) all adopt 0.10M 3 Bottom blowing air supply intensity of/min/t;
after blowing till the oxygen supply amount of top blowing is 20%, the total air supply intensity of bottom blowing is adjusted to 0.08M 3 Min/t, the air supply quantity of each bottom blowing element is uniformly distributed, and the total bottom blowing air supply intensity is reduced at the stage so as to reduce the decarburization speed of a molten pool, accumulate the oxygen content in steel, realize further rapid slagging and provide a thermodynamic strip for dephosphorization;
when the oxygen supply amount of top blowing is 70%, adjusting the bottom blowing gas supply mode, and starting at a large flow as shown in figure 3
(6) (7) the value of bottom-blowing intensity is set to the upper limit value as shown in FIG. 4, and the bottom-blowing element is used
(6) (7) Total gas supply Strength of 0.12M 3 Min/t, the air supply quantity of each branch is evenly distributed;
bottom blowing element
(5) (8) the flow rate is as shown in FIG. 5, when the total amount of the top-blown converter is 0 to 20%, 20 to 70%, 70 to 100%,
(5) (8) Total gas supply intensities were 0.10M, respectively 3 /min/t、0.040M 3 /min/t、0.036M 3 /min/t，
(5) And (8) the air supply quantity of each bottom blowing element is evenly distributed.
After the converter smelting is finished, a converter end point steel sample is taken for component analysis, and the result is shown in table 1:
table 1: example 1 control of end point composition, temperature, carbon and oxygen deposition in a converter
Example 2:
for a 3# converter (200 t) of the same steel plant, when a furnace bottom is built, the position of a central brick is firstly determined, then the combined building of the furnace bottom brick and an air brick is carried out, and a bottom blowing position is selected, as stated in the claims, b/a takes a value of 0.62, alpha =55 degrees, beta =43 degrees, and the rest bottom blowing elements are respectively positioned on the positions of the two points corresponding to the symmetrical points of the x axis and the y axis, and the total number of the bottom blowing elements is 8. After all preparation works before the preparation smelting are finished, blowing is started, the smelting steel is selected to be 9Ni steel, the flow of a top-blown oxygen lance is similar to the lance position in the conventional smelting process in the blowing process, and the top-blown gas supply intensity is 3.0-3.8M 3 And/min/t, changing the lance position in the process. The total gas supply flow of the bottom-blowing element in the smelting process is shown in figure 2.
At the beginning of converting, the first bottom blowing group
(5) (8) and second bottom blowing group
(6) (7) Total gas supply intensity was 0.1M 3 /min/t；
After blowing till the oxygen supply amount of top blowing is 20%, the total air supply intensity of bottom blowing is adjusted to be 0.04M 3 Min/t, the air supply quantity of each bottom blowing element is evenly distributed, and the total bottom blowing air supply intensity is reduced at the stage so as to reduce the decarburization speed of a molten pool, accumulate the oxygen content in steel, realize further rapid slagging and provide thermodynamic conditions for dephosphorization;
when the oxygen supply amount by top blowing is 70%, the bottom blowing air supply mode is adjusted as shown in FIG. 6
(5) (8) high flow bottom blowing, bottom blowing intensity value as shown in FIG. 7, total gas supply intensity value of 0.12M 3 Min/t, the average distribution of each gas quantity;
other bottom-blowing elements
(6) (7) the flow rate is as shown in FIG. 8, when the total amount of top-blown converter is 0 to 20%, 20 to 70%, and 70 to 100%,
(6) (7) Total gas supply intensities were 0.10M, respectively 3 /min/t、0.040M 3 /min/t、0.036M 3 A/min/t of, wherein
(6) And (7) the air supply amount of the bottom blowing element is evenly distributed.
After the converter smelting is finished, a converter end point steel sample is taken for component analysis, and the result is shown in table 2:
table 2: EXAMPLE 2 control of composition, temperature, carbon and oxygen deposition at the end of the converter
Comparative example:
for a converter No. 1 (200 t) of a certain steel plant, the original conventional arrangement of bottom blowing elements is adopted when the bottom of the converter is built, and the air blowing amount of the bottom blowing elements also adopts the original conventional configuration scheme.
The composition data of the 9Ni steel smelted in the # 1 converter at the historical converter end point was counted, and the results are shown in table 3:
table 3: control of end point composition, temperature and carbon oxygen deposit of comparative example converter
It can be known from the composition data of the comparative example and the example that after the arrangement scheme of the converter and the bottom blowing element provided by the invention is adopted, the carbon oxygen content in the molten steel is obviously reduced, the contents of phosphorus P and sulfur S are also obviously reduced, and the smelting effect is improved.
Through one or more embodiments of the present invention, the present invention has the following advantageous effects or advantages:
the invention provides a converter, wherein a second bottom blowing mechanism is arranged on the elliptical circumference of the bottom of the converter, and a first bottom blowing mechanism is arranged on the circumference of the inscribed circle of the ellipse; wherein the minor axis direction of the ellipse is the trunnion direction of the converter, the major axis direction is vertical to the trunnion direction, the major axis length of the ellipse is equal to the diameter of the converter bottom in the major axis direction or the diameter in the minor axis direction, and the minor axis length is 60-63% of the major axis length; the center of the inscribed circle is positioned at the midpoint of the short axis of the ellipse, and the diameter of the inscribed circle is equal to the length of the short axis. By arranging the plurality of bottom blowing elements in the first bottom blowing mechanism and the second bottom blowing mechanism according to the mode, an asymmetric bottom blowing flow field can be formed at the bottom of the molten pool by controlling the blowing quantity and the air supply flow of the bottom blowing elements during bottom blowing, so that the carbon-oxygen deposit in molten steel is obviously reduced during the tapping of the converter, and the smelting quality of the molten steel is improved.
While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiment and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (10)
1. A converter, characterized in that it comprises a first bottom blowing mechanism and a second bottom blowing mechanism;
the second bottom blowing mechanism comprises N bottom blowing elements and is arranged on the circumference of the ellipse; the ellipse is positioned at the bottom of the converter and comprises a short shaft and a long shaft, the direction of the short shaft is the direction of a trunnion of the converter, and the direction of the long shaft is vertical to the direction of the trunnion; the length of the long axis is equal to the diameter of the converter bottom in the direction of the long axis or the diameter of the converter bottom in the direction of the short axis, and the length of the short axis is 60-63% of the length of the long axis; n is more than or equal to 4 and is an even number;
the first bottom blowing mechanism comprises N bottom blowing elements, the first bottom blowing mechanism is arranged on the circumference of an inscribed circle of the ellipse, and the center of the inscribed circle is located at the midpoint of the short axis of the ellipse.
2. The rotary furnace according to claim 1, wherein the line connecting each bottom-blowing element of the first bottom-blowing mechanism and the center of the circle makes an angle of 54 ° to 64 ° with the major axis of the ellipse.
3. The rotary furnace according to claim 2, wherein a line connecting each bottom-blowing element of the second bottom-blowing mechanism and the center of the circle makes an angle of 36 ° to 46 ° with the major axis of the ellipse.
4. The rotary furnace of claim 3, wherein the first bottom blowing mechanism comprises a first bottom blowing element, a second bottom blowing element, a third bottom blowing element, and a fourth bottom blowing element; the first bottom blowing element and the second bottom blowing element are axially symmetrically distributed relative to the short axis, the first bottom blowing element and the fourth bottom blowing element are axially symmetrically distributed relative to the long axis, and the second bottom blowing element and the third bottom blowing element are axially symmetrically distributed relative to the long axis;
the second bottom blowing mechanism comprises a fifth bottom blowing element, a sixth bottom blowing element, a seventh bottom blowing element and an eighth bottom blowing element; the fifth bottom blowing element and the sixth bottom blowing element are in axial symmetry distribution relative to the short axis, the fifth bottom blowing element and the eighth bottom blowing element are in axial symmetry distribution relative to the long axis, and the sixth bottom blowing element and the seventh bottom blowing element are in axial symmetry distribution relative to the long axis.
5. A method for controlling bottom blowing of a converter, which is applied to the converter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
the stage that converter top-blown oxygen supply volume's volume percentage is 70% ~ 100%, control N2 bottom blowing component in the first bottom blowing mechanism, N2 bottom blowing component in the second bottom blowing mechanism adopts first total air feed flow to carry out the bottom blowing, control first bottom blowing mechanism with surplus bottom blowing component in the second bottom blowing mechanism adopts the second to add total air feed flow and carries out the bottom blowing, first total air feed flow does the second adds total air feed flow more than the twice of air feed flow.
6. A control method of bottom blowing of a converter, which is applied to the converter according to claim 4, comprising:
at the stage that the volume percentage of the oxygen supply amount of the top blowing of the converter is 70-100%, controlling a first bottom blowing group to carry out bottom blowing by adopting a third total gas supply flow, and controlling a second bottom blowing group to carry out bottom blowing by adopting a fourth total gas supply flow;
wherein the first bottom blowing group comprises the first bottom blowing element, the fourth bottom blowing element, the sixth bottom blowing element and the seventh bottom blowing element or comprises the second bottom blowing element, the third bottom blowing element, the fifth bottom blowing element and the eighth bottom blowing element; the second bottom blowing group is a residual bottom blowing element in the first bottom blowing mechanism and the second bottom blowing mechanism; the third total supply airflow is more than twice the fourth total supply airflow.
7. The control method according to claim 6, wherein the third total supply air flow rate is 0.10 to 0.20M 3 The fourth total air supply flow is 0.010-0.040M 3 /min/t。
8. The control method according to claim 6, further comprising:
controlling the first bottom blowing mechanism and the second bottom blowing mechanism to perform bottom blowing by adopting a fifth total supply gas flow at the stage that the volume percentage of the top-blown oxygen supply amount of the converter is 0-20%, wherein the fifth total supply gas flow is 0.08-0.20M 3 /min/t。
9. The control method according to claim 6, further comprising:
controlling the first bottom blowing mechanism and the second bottom blowing mechanism to perform bottom blowing by adopting a sixth total supply flow at the stage that the volume percentage of the top-blown oxygen supply amount of the converter is 20-70%, wherein the sixth total supply flow is 0.03-0.08M 3 /min/t。
10. The control method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the flow rate of the gas supplied to each of the bottom-blowing elements in the first bottom-blowing mechanism and the second bottom-blowing mechanism is equal at a stage where the percentage by volume of the oxygen supplied to the top-blown converter is 0% to 70%.
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| CN2908521Y (en) * | 2006-04-29 | 2007-06-06 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Inclined hole type air brick for bottom-blowing of converter |
| CN201176446Y (en) * | 2008-04-09 | 2009-01-07 | 唐山建龙实业有限公司 | Bottom bowing layout structure for medium top-bottom combined blown converter |
| CN203602649U (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-05-21 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Bottom blowing structure for small-sized smelting container |
| CN104099442A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-10-15 | 首钢总公司 | Arrangement method for bottom blowing guns of converter and top-bottom combined blowing converter |
| JP2016027201A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-02-18 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Bottom-blown tuyere block for converter |
| JP2016199788A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2016-12-01 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Bottom-blown tuyere for converter |
| CN113957203A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-01-21 | 太原科技大学 | Multifunctional non-centrosymmetric vacuum refining equipment |
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2022
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2908521Y (en) * | 2006-04-29 | 2007-06-06 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Inclined hole type air brick for bottom-blowing of converter |
| CN201176446Y (en) * | 2008-04-09 | 2009-01-07 | 唐山建龙实业有限公司 | Bottom bowing layout structure for medium top-bottom combined blown converter |
| CN203602649U (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-05-21 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Bottom blowing structure for small-sized smelting container |
| JP2016027201A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-02-18 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Bottom-blown tuyere block for converter |
| CN104099442A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-10-15 | 首钢总公司 | Arrangement method for bottom blowing guns of converter and top-bottom combined blowing converter |
| JP2016199788A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2016-12-01 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Bottom-blown tuyere for converter |
| CN113957203A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-01-21 | 太原科技大学 | Multifunctional non-centrosymmetric vacuum refining equipment |
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