CN115634932A - Production method of 310S heat-resistant stainless steel pipe blank - Google Patents

Production method of 310S heat-resistant stainless steel pipe blank Download PDF

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CN115634932A
CN115634932A CN202211199116.3A CN202211199116A CN115634932A CN 115634932 A CN115634932 A CN 115634932A CN 202211199116 A CN202211199116 A CN 202211199116A CN 115634932 A CN115634932 A CN 115634932A
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continuous casting
heat
stainless steel
resistant stainless
blank
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金吉男
季灯平
丁贺
路春春
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Zhejiang Ruipu Technology Co ltd
Zhejiang Tsingshan Iron & Steel Co ltd
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Zhejiang Ruipu Technology Co ltd
Zhejiang Tsingshan Iron & Steel Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of steel smelting, and particularly relates to a production method of a 310S heat-resistant stainless steel tube blank. The method comprises the steps of obtaining 260mm-260mm continuous casting billets by adopting bloom continuous casting, and then rolling to obtain 310S heat-resistant stainless steel tube blanks with phi 80-120 specifications. The invention adopts large square billet continuous casting to replace die casting steel ingots, ensures the large compression ratio rolling of large-size 310S heat-resistant stainless steel tube blanks, ensures that the central shrinkage cavity can be welded, simultaneously combines the technologies of low superheat degree pouring, crystallizer electromagnetic stirring, tail end electromagnetic stirring and the like, ensures that the central equiaxial crystal proportion of products reaches more than 60 percent, reduces the defects of central segregation, looseness, shrinkage cavity and the like, ensures that the quality of the large square billets rolled into large-size tube blanks reaches the requirements of the existing products, and has excellent performance. Meanwhile, the invention realizes the one-shot forming of the bloom to the tube blank, and compared with the traditional process, the invention improves the yield by 10 to 15 percent, reduces the production cost by more than 30 percent, has extremely high economic benefit and is suitable for industrialized large-scale production.

Description

Production method of 310S heat-resistant stainless steel pipe blank
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel smelting in the metallurgical industry, and particularly relates to a production method of a large-size 310S heat-resistant stainless steel pipe blank.
Background
The 310S (0 Cr25Ni 20) heat-resistant stainless steel is a high-chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel (typical composition%: 0.05C, 0.70Si, 0.95Mn, 0.025P, 0.006S, 24.5Cr, 19.3 Ni), has excellent corrosion resistance in an oxidizing medium, and also has good high-temperature mechanical properties, so that it can be used for both corrosion-resistant parts and high-temperature parts.
In the process of preparing a large-size tube blank (phi 80-120) of 310S (0 Cr25Ni 20) heat-resistant stainless steel in the prior art, due to the characteristics of high chromium and nickel of the 310S (0 Cr25Ni 20) heat-resistant stainless steel, the heat transfer in the solidification process is slow, the shrinkage is large, and the segregation is serious, if the large-size tube blank (phi 80-120) is produced by using the traditional small square blank (less than or equal to 180 square mm) continuous casting-continuous rolling process, the solidification defects of central shrinkage holes, central segregation and the like of the continuous casting are transmitted to a rolled material, and the central quality defect of the tube blank is caused. Compared with continuous casting, the die-cast steel ingot has the defects of large size, large compression from the steel ingot to a tube blank, central shrinkage, looseness and the like, and can be welded in the forging and rolling processes. Meanwhile, the cast steel ingot is subjected to multi-fire forging and rolling molding, and high-temperature homogenization is sufficient, and solidification segregation can be greatly reduced in the hot working process. Therefore, in order to ensure the quality, large-specification (phi 80-120) 310S (0 Cr25Ni 20) heat-resistant stainless steel tube blanks on the market are mostly produced by a die casting ingot-forging cogging-rolling process. However, compared with the continuous casting-rolling process, the yield of the die-casting ingot-forging cogging-rolling process is reduced by more than 15%, and the processing cost per ton of steel is also higher than 2000 yuan, so that high economic cost loss is caused. Therefore, the development of a method for producing large-specification (phi 80-120) 310S heat-resistant stainless steel tube blanks by a bloom continuous casting-continuous rolling process with low process difficulty, high yield and stable product quality is a technical problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the yield of large-specification (phi 80-120) 310S (0 Cr25Ni 20) heat-resistant stainless steel tube blanks produced by the conventional die casting process is low and the cost is high, and the quality of large-specification (phi 80-120) 310S (0 Cr25Ni 20) heat-resistant stainless steel tube blanks produced by the small square blank continuous casting-continuous rolling process cannot be guaranteed in the prior art, and provides a method for producing large-specification (phi 80-120) 310S heat-resistant stainless steel tube blanks by the large square blank continuous casting-continuous rolling process, which has the advantages of low process difficulty, high yield and stable product quality.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a production method of a large-specification 310S heat-resistant stainless steel pipe blank comprises the steps of obtaining a 260mm-260mm continuous casting blank by adopting bloom continuous casting, and then rolling to obtain the 310S heat-resistant stainless steel pipe blank with the phi of 80-120 specifications.
Preferably, the production method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Carrying out primary smelting on raw materials by an electric arc furnace, refining by an AOD furnace and refining by an LF furnace to obtain molten steel, and carrying out continuous casting by a square billet continuous casting machine to obtain a 260mm-260mm continuous casting billet; wherein, the superheat degree of the molten steel of the continuous casting tundish is controlled at 20-40 ℃; in the continuous casting process, electromagnetic stirring is adopted for the crystallizer, and electromagnetic stirring is adopted for the tail end;
(2) Heating the continuous casting billet at 1150-1250 ℃, cogging the continuous casting billet by using an 850 blooming mill to obtain an intermediate billet of 180mm x 180mm, and hot-feeding the intermediate billet to a 750/650/550 continuous rolling mill group for rolling to obtain a 310S heat-resistant stainless steel pipe blank; wherein, the cogging pass of the 850 blooming mill is not more than 15 passes, and the cogging reduction is 40-80 mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention creatively adopts large square billet continuous casting (260mm and 260mm continuous casting billets) to replace die-cast steel ingots, ensures that large-compression-ratio rolling of large-specification (phi 80-120) 310S (0 Cr25Ni 20) heat-resistant stainless steel tube blanks is realized, the compression ratio is not lower than 6, and ensures that the central shrinkage cavity can be welded. The method can realize large-scale continuous preparation of the target 310S heat-resistant stainless steel pipe blank, and simultaneously ensure higher yield and stable and excellent product quality.
Preferably, the capacity of the electric arc furnace, the AOD furnace and the LF furnace in the step (1) is 30-50 tons. By adopting the technical scheme, the large square billets with target specifications can be prepared in a large scale. But the electric arc furnace, AOD furnace and LF furnace with smaller specifications can also obtain the large square billet with target specification, and meanwhile, the electric arc furnace, AOD furnace and LF furnace with larger specifications can also be selected in the actual production process so as to realize the large-scale square billet preparation.
Preferably, the continuous casting target drawing speed in the step (1) is 0.8 +/-0.1 m/min. By adopting the technical scheme, the surface quality and the internal quality of the continuous casting billet can be further ensured, the problems that the liquid phase hole is too long and the central quality of the continuous casting billet is deteriorated due to the over-fast pulling speed, and the covering slag of the crystallizer is not melted well and the surface quality is deteriorated due to the over-slow pulling speed are prevented.
Preferably, the electromagnetic stirring current of the continuous casting crystallizer in the step (1) is 500 +/-20A, and the frequency is 3Hz. By adopting the technical scheme, the central equiaxial crystal rate can be improved, and the central quality of the continuous casting billet is improved. Further prevent that the too big sediment of interior curly sediment of crystallizer that leads to of electric current, the not good phenomenon of stirring effect of electric current undersize.
Preferably, the position of the terminal electromagnetic stirring in the step (1) is selected to be a region with the strand solidification rate of about 70% -8%, more preferably 9m away from the outlet of the crystallizer, and more preferably, the terminal electromagnetic stirring current is 600 +/-20A, and the frequency is 8Hz. By adopting the technical scheme and matching with stable pulling speed, the defects of center segregation, looseness, shrinkage cavity and the like of the prepared continuous casting billet can be further reduced, and the stability of the continuous casting billet in the subsequent rolling process and the product quality after rolling are further ensured.
Preferably, the continuous casting slab in the step (2) is heated in a stepping continuous heating furnace for 3-6 hours. By adopting the technical scheme, the heating uniformity of the continuous casting billet can be further ensured, and a blank with excellent plasticity is provided for rolling.
Preferably, the intermediate blank hot conveying temperature in the step (2) is not lower than 1050 ℃. So as to further reduce or avoid the problems of poor plasticity and easy cracking caused by low temperature.
Preferably, the 850 blooming mill and the 750/650/550 tandem mill set in the step (2) are arranged on a straight line; the billet is rapidly moved between the 850 blooming mill and the 750/650/550 continuous rolling unit through a conveying roller way, the moving speed is not lower than 5m/s, and the more preferable moving speed is 6-8m/s; so as to ensure that the temperature of the intermediate billet is not lower than 1050 ℃ when the intermediate billet enters a 750/650/550 continuous rolling mill group, realize one-step rolling from a bloom billet to a tube billet, further improve the yield and reduce the production cost.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The large square billet continuous casting (260 square) is used for replacing a die-cast steel ingot, the large compression ratio rolling of a large-specification (phi 80-120) 310S (0 Cr25Ni 20) heat-resistant stainless steel tube blank is ensured, and the central shrinkage cavity can be welded.
(2) The continuous casting of the bloom adopts the technologies of low superheat degree pouring, crystallizer electromagnetic stirring, tail end electromagnetic stirring and the like, the proportion of central equiaxed crystals reaches more than 60 percent, the defects of central segregation, looseness, shrinkage cavity and the like are reduced (figure 1), the quality of products after the bloom is rolled into a large-size tube blank (phi 80-120) is ensured to be equivalent to the products produced by the process of die casting steel ingot-forging cogging-rolling, and the performance requirements of 310S stainless steel products are met.
(3) The invention uses the bloom to roll and cogging in a 850 blooming mill, and then the bloom is hot-fed into a 750/650/550 continuous rolling mill group to roll into a bar, so that one-shot rolling from the bloom to a tube blank is realized, compared with the traditional processes of steel ingot smelting, forging cogging and continuous rolling, the yield is improved by 10-15%, the production cost is reduced by more than 30%, and the invention has extremely high economic benefit and is suitable for the industrial large-scale production of 310S stainless steel.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a low-order view of 260mm of a 310S slab.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further specifically described below by way of specific examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a production method of a large-specification 310S heat-resistant stainless steel pipe blank, which comprises the following steps of adopting a large square blank to continuously cast to obtain a continuous casting blank with 260mm x 260mm (260 square mm), and then rolling to obtain the 310S heat-resistant stainless steel pipe blank with phi 80-120 specifications:
the first step is as follows: electric Arc Furnace (EAF) discharge → AOD refining → LF furnace refining → bloom continuous casting
(1) Carrying out primary smelting of molten steel in a 30-50 ton electric arc furnace, and producing a continuous casting billet with the thickness of 260 square mm by a billet continuous casting machine after the components and the temperature of the molten steel reach the target requirements after AOD refining and LF refining with corresponding tonnage;
(2) Controlling the superheat degree of molten steel of a continuous casting tundish at 20-40 ℃;
(3) The continuous casting target drawing speed is 0.8 +/-0.1 m/min;
(4) Starting a continuous casting crystallizer for electromagnetic stirring, wherein the current of the electromagnetic stirring is 500 +/-20A, and the frequency is 3Hz;
(5) Adopting tail end electromagnetic stirring, wherein the tail end electromagnetic stirring position is selected to be an area which is 9m away from the outlet of the crystallizer and has the casting blank solidification rate of about 70-80%, the electromagnetic stirring current is 600 +/-20A, and the frequency is 8Hz;
the second step: heating a continuous casting bloom → cogging in a 850 bloom mill → hot continuous rolling in a 750/650/550 continuous rolling mill to obtain a finished product
(6) The continuous casting bloom is put into a stepping continuous heating furnace to be heated, the heating temperature is 1150-1250 ℃, and the furnace time is 3-6 hours;
(7) Cogging a 260 square mm large square billet into a 180 square mm intermediate billet in a 850 blooming mill;
(8) Directly hot-feeding the intermediate blank to a 750/650/550 continuous rolling mill group for hot continuous rolling to obtain a finished product;
(9) The cogging pass of the 850 blooming mill is not more than 15 passes, and the blooming mill is rolled by using large reduction, wherein the cogging reduction (delta h) is 40-80 mm, and the hot delivery temperature of the intermediate billet is not lower than 1050 ℃;
(10) The 850 blooming mill and the 750/650/550 tandem mill train are arranged in a straight line, and the billet is rapidly moved between the 850 blooming mill and the 750/650/550 tandem mill train through a transfer table.
In the invention, the raw materials are conventional raw materials for producing the 310S heat-resistant stainless steel pipe blank, and the related methods and process parameters of electric arc furnace primary smelting, AOD furnace refining and LF furnace refining are conventional processes for producing the 310S heat-resistant stainless steel pipe blank. The technical content and technical effects of the present invention are further shown by the following specific examples, but it should be noted that the following examples should not be construed as limiting the technical solutions of the present invention.
Example 1:
the production of the tube blank of phi 110mm specification 310S heat-resistant stainless steel in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
the electric arc furnace is added with corresponding 310S same steel grade return materials and high-carbon ferrochrome, nickel plates, electrolytic manganese and other alloys according to the requirements of target components to carry out primary smelting of molten steel. And adding the primarily smelted molten steel into AOD for decarburization, desulfurization, deoxidation and component adjustment, and then tapping. Heating the molten steel after AOD tapping in an LF furnace, removing impurities, finely adjusting components, and pouring the molten steel into a bloom continuous casting machine to form a continuous casting billet with the thickness of 260 square mm after the molten steel reaches a proper temperature and target components, wherein the continuous casting process is controlled as follows:
(1) The superheat degree of the molten steel of the continuous casting tundish is controlled at 30-40 DEG C
(2) Continuous casting speed of 0.8m/min
(3) Starting a continuous casting crystallizer to electromagnetically stir, wherein the current of the electromagnetic stirring is 500A, and the frequency is 3Hz
(4) Electromagnetic stirring is carried out at the tail end, the position of the tail end electromagnetic stirring is 9m away from the outlet of the crystallizer, the current of the electromagnetic stirring is 600A, and the frequency is 8Hz; the prepared continuous casting billet is shown in figure 1, the proportion of central equiaxed crystals reaches more than 60 percent, and the defects of central segregation, looseness, shrinkage cavity and the like are reduced;
the heating of the 260-square continuous casting bloom → the cogging of the 850 blooming mill → the hot continuous rolling of the 750/650/550 continuous rolling mill to a finished product has the following specific process:
(1) Continuously casting the bloom into a stepping continuous heating furnace for heating at 1200 ℃ for 4 hours
(2) Cogging a continuous casting bloom in a 850 blooming mill into an intermediate billet with the thickness of 180 square mm
(3) The intermediate billet is directly sent to a 750/650/550 continuous rolling mill set for hot continuous rolling to form a tube blank with the diameter of 110mm
(4) The cogging pass of the 850 blooming mill is 12 passes, rolling is carried out by using large rolling reduction, the cogging reduction (delta h) is 60mm, and the hot delivery temperature of the intermediate billet is 1100 DEG C
(5) The above-mentioned 850 blooming train and 750/650/550 tandem train are arranged in a straight line, and the billet is moved between the 850 blooming train and the 750/650/550 tandem train by a transfer table 8 m/s.
The chemical components of the tube blank of the 310S heat-resistant stainless steel with the phi 110mm specification prepared in the embodiment are shown in Table 1, the macrostructure is shown in Table 2, and the high-temperature oxidation resistance is shown in Table 3.
TABLE 1 chemical composition of 310S of this example
Figure BDA0003871767960000061
Note: the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
TABLE 2 macrostructure of the tube blank of the present example
Figure BDA0003871767960000062
Example 2
The method for producing the 310S heat-resistant stainless steel pipe blank with the phi 120mm specification comprises the following specific steps:
the electric arc furnace is added with corresponding 310S same steel grade return material and high-carbon ferrochrome, nickel plate, electrolytic manganese and other alloys according to the requirements of target components to carry out primary molten steel smelting. And adding the primary molten steel into AOD for decarburization, desulfurization, deoxidation and component adjustment, and then tapping. Heating the molten steel after AOD tapping in an LF furnace, removing impurities, finely adjusting components, and pouring the molten steel into a bloom continuous casting machine to form a continuous casting billet with the thickness of 260 square mm after the molten steel reaches a proper temperature and target components, wherein the continuous casting process is controlled as follows:
(1) The superheat degree of the molten steel of the continuous casting tundish is controlled at 30-40 DEG C
(2) Continuous casting speed of 0.8m/min
(3) Starting a continuous casting crystallizer to electromagnetically stir, wherein the current of the electromagnetic stirring is 500A, and the frequency is 3Hz
(4) Electromagnetic stirring is carried out at the tail end, the position of the tail end electromagnetic stirring is 9m away from the outlet of the crystallizer, the current of the electromagnetic stirring is 600A, and the frequency is 8Hz; the proportion of the prepared continuous casting billet center equiaxial crystals reaches more than 60%, and the defects of center segregation, looseness, shrinkage cavity and the like are reduced;
the heating of the 260-square continuous casting bloom → the cogging of the 850 blooming mill → the hot continuous rolling of the 750/650/550 continuous rolling mill to a finished product has the following specific process:
(1) Continuously casting the bloom into a stepping continuous heating furnace for heating at 1200 ℃ for 4 hours
(2) Cogging a continuous casting bloom in a 850 blooming mill into an intermediate billet with the thickness of 180 square mm
(3) The intermediate billet is directly sent to a 750/650/550 continuous rolling mill group for hot continuous rolling to form a tube blank with the diameter of 120mm
(4) The cogging pass of the 850 blooming mill is 12 passes, rolling is carried out by using large reduction, the cogging reduction (delta h) is 60mm, and the heat transfer temperature of the intermediate billet is 1080 DEG C
(5) The 850 blooming mill and the 750/650/550 tandem mill set are arranged on a straight line, and the billet is moved between the 850 blooming mill and the 750/650/550 tandem mill set by a conveying roller table at 7 m/s.
Chemical components of the tube blank of the phi 120mm specification 310S heat-resistant stainless steel prepared in the embodiment are shown in Table 1, macrostructure is shown in Table 2, and high-temperature oxidation resistance is shown in Table 3.
TABLE 4 chemical composition of 310S of this example
Figure BDA0003871767960000071
TABLE 6 high-temp. antioxidizing performance of 310S tube blank in this example
Figure BDA0003871767960000072
Comparative example:
the comparative example produces a phi 120mm specification 310S heat-resistant stainless steel tube blank, and the production is carried out by adopting a traditional production mode of die casting steel ingot-forging cogging-rolling process, and the specific steps are as follows:
the electric arc furnace is added with corresponding 310S same steel grade return materials and high-carbon ferrochrome, nickel plates, electrolytic manganese and other alloys according to the requirements of target components to carry out primary smelting of molten steel. And adding the primary molten steel into AOD for decarburization, desulfurization, deoxidation and component adjustment, and then tapping. And heating the molten steel after AOD tapping in an LF furnace, removing inclusions, finely adjusting components, and pouring the molten steel into 17-inch steel ingots after the molten steel reaches a proper temperature and target components.
Heating the 17-inch steel ingot → forging and cogging into 200 × 200mm intermediate blank → grinding the intermediate blank → heating the intermediate blank → hot continuous rolling to phi 120mm.
The chemical components of the tube blank of the 310S heat-resistant stainless steel with the phi 100mm specification prepared by the comparative example are shown in Table 4, the macrostructure is shown in Table 5, and the high-temperature oxidation resistance is shown in Table 6.
TABLE 4 this example 310S chemical composition
Figure BDA0003871767960000081
Note: the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
TABLE 5 macrostructure of tube blank in this example
Figure BDA0003871767960000082
TABLE 6 high-temp. antioxidizing performance of 310S tube blank in this example
Figure BDA0003871767960000083
The economic indicators of the traditional preparation process of the 310S heat-resistant stainless steel tube blanks of the examples and the comparative examples are compared, and the results are shown in the table 7:
TABLE 7 comparison table of traditional process and technical and economic indexes of the invention
Figure BDA0003871767960000084
Figure BDA0003871767960000091
The data in the table show that the preparation process provided by the invention can further improve the yield of the 310S heat-resistant stainless steel tube blank, can prepare the 310S heat-resistant stainless steel tube blank with stable product quality in large scale, meets the relevant performance requirements of the 310S heat-resistant stainless steel, further reduces the production cost, has higher economic benefit, and is very suitable for industrial large-scale production and preparation of the 310S heat-resistant stainless steel tube blank.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which is not intended to be limiting in any way, and other variations and modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A production method of a 310S heat-resistant stainless steel pipe blank is characterized in that a bloom continuous casting is adopted to obtain a 260mm-260mm continuous casting blank, and then rolling is carried out to obtain the 310S heat-resistant stainless steel pipe blank with phi 80-120 specifications.
2. A production method of a 310S heat-resistant stainless steel tube blank according to claim 1, characterized in that the production method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Carrying out primary smelting on raw materials by an electric arc furnace, refining by an AOD furnace and refining by an LF furnace to obtain molten steel, and carrying out continuous casting by a square billet continuous casting machine to obtain a 260mm-260mm continuous casting billet; wherein, the superheat degree of the molten steel of the continuous casting tundish is controlled at 20-40 ℃; in the continuous casting process, electromagnetic stirring is adopted for the crystallizer, and electromagnetic stirring is adopted for the tail end;
(2) Heating the continuous casting billet at 1150-1250 ℃, cogging the continuous casting billet by a 850 blooming mill to obtain an intermediate billet of 180mm to 180mm, and rolling the intermediate billet by a 750/650/550 continuous rolling unit to obtain a 310S heat-resistant stainless steel pipe blank; wherein, the cogging pass of the 850 blooming mill is not more than 15 passes, and the cogging reduction is 40-80 mm.
3. A method for producing a tube blank of 310S heat-resistant stainless steel according to claim 2, wherein the electric arc furnace, the AOD furnace and the LF furnace in step (1) are all 30 to 50 tons in specification.
4. A production method of a 310S heat-resistant stainless steel tube blank according to claim 2, characterized in that the continuous casting target drawing speed in the step (1) is 0.8 +/-0.1 m/min.
5. A production method of a 310S heat-resistant stainless steel pipe blank according to claim 2, characterized in that the electromagnetic stirring current of the continuous casting crystallizer in the step (1) is 500 +/-20A, and the frequency is 3Hz.
6. A production method of a 310S heat-resistant stainless steel pipe blank according to claim 2, characterized in that the position of the electromagnetic stirring at the tail end in the step (1) is selected to be a region with the non-solidification rate of 20-28% of the casting blank.
7. A production method of a tube blank of 310S heat-resistant stainless steel according to claim 2, wherein the position of the terminal electromagnetic stirring in the step (1) is selected to be 9m from the outlet of the crystallizer.
8. A production method of a 310S heat-resistant stainless steel pipe blank according to claim 2, characterized in that in the step (1), the tail end electromagnetic stirring current is 600 +/-20A, and the frequency is 8Hz.
9. A production method of a 310S heat-resistant stainless steel tube blank according to claim 2, wherein the continuous casting blank in the step (2) is heated in a stepping continuous heating furnace for 3-6h.
10. A method for producing a tube blank of 310S heat-resistant stainless steel according to claim 2, wherein the intermediate blank is heated to a temperature of not lower than 1050 ℃ in the step (2).
CN202211199116.3A 2022-09-29 2022-09-29 Production method of 310S heat-resistant stainless steel pipe blank Pending CN115634932A (en)

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