CN115633341A - NFC full card compatible with multiple protocols - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an NFC full card compatible with multiple protocols, which comprises an NFC label card, wherein the NFC label card comprises: the radio frequency processing module is used for receiving and demodulating data and decoding according to the NFC tag card protocol technical standard; receiving radio frequency signals, and detecting corresponding radio frequency technology types based on comparison of NFC tag card protocol technical standards; the NFC state machine selects a corresponding anti-collision algorithm for communication according to the radio frequency technology category, and enters a data exchange state when the NFC tag card is selected, so that reading and writing of the NFC tag card are realized; the NFC protocol processing module is used for integrating multi-protocol data and carrying out corresponding data processing aiming at different protocol formats; the storage management module calls the required storage space based on different protocol formats and performs storage management; the effect is as follows: the multi-protocol compatibility can be realized, so that one card is universal, and the holding, purchasing and replacement of different types of cards are reduced.

Description

NFC full card compatible with multiple protocols

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of NFC, in particular to an NFC full card compatible with multiple protocols.

Background

NFC (Near Field Communication), a short-range radio technology based on 13.56MHz frequency Communication, is mainly applied to tagged information interaction, access control systems, health care, public transportation, subway, payment and consumer electronics, and so on.

NFC Forum, the NFC Forum, was jointly announced by three companies, philips semiconductor, nokia and sony, in 2004, at 18 months and 3, and established the non-profit industry association NFC Forum. The NFC forum defines three large attribute functions for NFC devices: the device is used for simulating the card reading mode, the device is used for reading/writing the external card label, the point-to-point mode between the devices is used, and the device supports the card simulating mode. And defining NFC Form Protocol Specification, including NFC Form Type 1/2/3/4/5tag Operation Specification, NFC Digital Protocol Technical Specification, NFC Logical Link Control Protocol Technical Specification and the like.

The NFC cards are various in types, and access control cards, bus cards, social security cards, different tag cards, bank cards and the like are available on the market. The method is divided into a T1T protocol, a T2T protocol, a T3T protocol, a T4T protocol and a T5T protocol according to an NFC Forum standard protocol, and is divided into 14443A/B, NFC F and NFC V according to a radio frequency technology. The series of NXP NTAG213 belongs to the NFC Forum T2T, ISO14443-A standard. The entrance guard card belongs to mifare card, some is T2T protocol, some is T4T protocol, ISO14443-A standard. The identity card is T4T protocol, ISO14443-B standard.

Due to the fact that the NFC tag cards are various in types and protocols, people often need to hold various cards for use in life, and need to use and replace different protocol cards when meeting different application scenes, and compatibility is poor; and when the NFCC controller is in a card reading mode test, a tester needs to purchase cards of different protocols and radio frequency technologies. The tester needs to perform manual replacement testing on cards with different protocols and radio frequency technologies, needs manual intervention, and cannot perform automatic testing of the card reading mode of the NFC Forum protocol.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical defects in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention aims to provide an NFC full card compatible with multiple protocols, so as to overcome the defects that the compatibility of the card is poor and one card cannot be used for multiple purposes in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides an NFC full card compatible with multiple protocols, including an NFC tag card, where the NFC tag card includes a radio frequency processing module, an NFC state machine, an NFC protocol processing module, and a storage management module;

the radio frequency processing module is used for:

receiving and demodulating data, and decoding according to the technical standard of the NFC tag card protocol;

receiving radio frequency signals, and detecting corresponding radio frequency technology types based on comparison of NFC tag card protocol technical standards; the radio frequency technology category is correspondingly associated with a protocol format;

the NFC state machine is used for selecting a corresponding anti-collision algorithm for communication according to the radio frequency technology category, and entering a data exchange state when the NFC tag card is selected, so as to realize reading and writing of the NFC tag card;

the NFC protocol processing module is used for integrating multi-protocol data and carrying out corresponding data processing aiming at different protocol formats;

and the storage management module is used for calling the required storage space based on different protocol formats and carrying out storage management.

Preferably, the radio frequency processing module comprises a radio frequency modulation and demodulation module, a radio frequency technology detection module and a radio frequency coding and decoding module;

the radio frequency modulation and demodulation module is used for receiving energy and data transmitted from the radio frequency antenna and demodulating the data; modulating the digital signal to be transmitted;

the radio frequency technology detection module is used for inquiring a radio frequency signal sent by the card reader host, establishing a communication mode according to an NFC tag card protocol technical standard, and detecting a corresponding radio frequency technology type based on comparison of the NFC tag card protocol technical standard;

the radio frequency encoding and decoding module is used for decoding the digital signal converted after the radio frequency demodulation according to the NFC tag card protocol technical standard; and encoding the digital signal to be transmitted.

Preferably, the radio frequency technology detection module is specifically configured to:

receiving a radio frequency signal sent by a card reader;

receiving the radio frequency signal demodulated by the radio frequency modulation and demodulation module;

carrying out morphological analysis on the demodulated radio frequency signal, and judging the radio frequency signal to be an NFC-F technology if the radio frequency signal is symmetrical; otherwise, the signal is NFC-A/NFC-B/NFC-V;

and then, identifying corresponding NFC-A/NFC-B/NFC-V according to different decoding modes.

Preferably, the NFC protocol processing module is configured to perform corresponding data processing for different protocol formats, and specifically includes:

after data are received, the data frame format is verified through NFCForm Tag specification, data analysis is carried out on the data, and then a data command is distributed; the data read-write commands of different protocols are different and are defined by NFCForm Tag specifications.

Preferably, the storage management module includes a memory, the memory includes a mifare storage space and an NDEF storage space, and the mifare storage space and the NDEF storage space are managed separately.

Preferably, different protocol formats correspond to different protocols, and a storage state segment is adopted to store the use state of each protocol dynamic application storage space; the storage state segment comprises corresponding protocol tags and state words, and the storage spaces of different protocols use a state word definition mode, so that the whole storage space can be independently applied and used by each protocol.

Preferably, the storage management specifically includes:

acquiring NDEF data which is applied by a user and written into a specific corresponding protocol; the specific corresponding protocol comprises any one of TxT protocols, and the value range of x is as follows: 1-5;

calculating the number of blocks required by writing the NDEF data, detecting storage state bytes, and searching unused blocks;

and if the unused blocks are detected and the requirement of the number of the written blocks is met, writing the NDEF data into the corresponding blocks, and assigning the corresponding status words of the specific corresponding protocols.

Preferably, the storage management further comprises:

acquiring NDEF data of a protocol to which a user applies for formatting;

detecting the space state of the protocol and searching the corresponding use block condition;

and clearing the corresponding using block space and modifying the storage state segment of the protocol space.

By implementing the embodiment of the invention, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: compared with the prior art, the NFC full card compatible with multiple protocols provided by the embodiment of the invention is implemented by integrating multiple protocol data of different protocol standards, automatically detecting corresponding radio frequency technology types and carrying out corresponding data processing aiming at different protocol formats; therefore, the cards compatible with the NFC Forum multi-protocol can be realized, one card is universal, and holding, purchasing and replacing of different kinds of cards are reduced; meanwhile, the required storage space and storage management are called according to different protocols, so that each protocol can use the storage space to the maximum extent.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a structure of an NFC full card compatible with multiple protocols according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a process of a RF technology detection module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is se:Sub>A structural diagram of an NFC-se:Sub>A datse:Sub>A frame format according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a structural diagram of an NFC-F data frame format according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of association of a storage status segment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

NFC (near field Communication), near field Communication;

NFC Forum (Near Field Communication Forum), NFC Forum;

T1T (Type 1 Tag), type 1 Tag;

T2T (Type 2 Tag), type 2 Tag;

T3T (Type 3 Tag), type 3 Tag;

T4T (Type 4 Tag), type 4 Tag;

T5T (Type 5 Tag), type 5 Tag;

mifare, en zhipu semiconductor, a registered trademark of a series of contactless smart card technologies.

NDEF (NFC Data Exchange Format), NFC Data Exchange Format;

manchester, manchester;

miller, miller;

NRZ (Not Return to Zero), non Return to Zero code;

NFC-A, NFC ISO14443-A standard;

NFC-B, NFC ISO14443-B Standard;

NFC-F, NFC Felica, JIS 6319-4 Standard;

NFC-V, NFC Visinity, ISO/IEC15693 standards;

ASK, "amplitude shift keying" is also known as "amplitude keying.

Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 4, an NFC full card compatible with multiple protocols according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an NFC tag card, where the NFC tag card includes a radio frequency processing module, an NFC state machine, an NFC protocol processing module, and a storage management module;

the radio frequency processing module is configured to:

receiving and demodulating data, and decoding according to the technical standard of the NFC tag card protocol;

sending data, namely coding the data to be sent, modulating a signal and then sending the signal; namely, modulating and transmitting a digital signal to be transmitted;

receiving radio frequency signals, and detecting corresponding radio frequency technology types based on comparison of the NFC tag card protocol technical standards; the radio frequency technology category is correspondingly associated with a protocol format; namely, NFC-A corresponds to se:Sub>A T1T/T2T/T4T protocol, NFC-B corresponds to se:Sub>A T1T/T2T/T4T protocol, NFC-F corresponds to se:Sub>A T3T protocol, and NFC-V corresponds to se:Sub>A T5T protocol;

the NFC state machine is used for selecting a corresponding anti-collision algorithm for communication according to the radio frequency technology category, entering a data exchange state when the NFC tag card is selected, and performing NFC protocol data processing and reading and writing data of the NFC tag card in the data exchange state; the anti-collision algorithm selects se:Sub>A corresponding anti-collision algorithm according to NFC-A, B, F and V standards, if the NFC-A adopts byte collision time gaps, the NFC-B adopts gap marks, the NFC-F adopts time gaps, and the NFC-V adopts 16-time slot and single-time slot modes.

The NFC protocol processing module is used for integrating multi-protocol data and carrying out corresponding data processing aiming at different protocol formats;

and the storage management module is used for calling the required storage space based on different protocol formats and carrying out storage management.

In this embodiment, the rf processing module includes an rf modem module, an rf technology detection module, and an rf codec module;

the radio frequency modulation and demodulation module is used for receiving energy and data transmitted from the radio frequency antenna and demodulating the data; similarly, the data to be transmitted is also modulated and transmitted through the radio frequency antenna, that is, the digital signal to be transmitted is modulated.

The radio frequency technology detection module is used for inquiring a radio frequency signal sent by the card reader host, establishing a communication mode according to an NFC tag card protocol technical standard, and detecting a corresponding radio frequency technology type based on comparison of the NFC tag card protocol technical standard; the communication mode establishment comprises NFC-A, NFC-B, NFC-F and NFC-V;

the radio frequency encoding and decoding module is used for decoding the digital signal converted after radio frequency demodulation according to the NFC tag card protocol technical standard and encoding the transmitted signal; in this embodiment, manchester codec, miller codec, NRZ, pulse position codec can be implemented.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, the rf technology detection module is specifically configured to:

receiving a radio frequency signal sent by a card reader;

receiving the radio frequency signal demodulated by the radio frequency modulation and demodulation module;

carrying out morphological analysis on the demodulated radio frequency signal, and judging the radio frequency signal to be an NFC-F technology if the radio frequency signal is symmetrical; otherwise, the signal is NFC-A/NFC-B/NFC-V;

then, according to different decoding modes, identifying corresponding NFC-A/NFC-B/NFC-V; for example, if Manchester is adopted, NFC-A is adopted, NRZ corresponds to NFC-B, and pulse position coding corresponds to NFC-V;

finally, the NFC protocol processing module is configured to perform corresponding data processing for different protocol formats, that is, for data processing for different protocol formats of T1T/T2T/T3T/T4T/T5T, specifically including:

after data are received, the data frame format is verified through NFCForm Tag specification, data analysis is carried out on the data, and then a data command is distributed; the method comprises the steps of analyzing commands such as data writing and data reading, wherein the data writing and reading are to operate a memory; the data read-write commands of different protocols are different and are defined by NFCForm Tag specifications.

Example (c): the different format frame data formats are as follows, with reference to fig. 3 and 4.

The NFC-A datse:Sub>A frame format is as follows: dataPayload + EoD;

NFC-F data frame format: soD + Data Payload + EoD; the SoD represents the start of the data, and the value is the load data length plus one; data Payload represents Payload Data; eoD represents the end of the data and is the CRC check code for the data field.

In this embodiment, the storage management module includes a memory and storage management, where the memory includes a mifare storage space and an NDEF storage space, and the mifare storage space and the NDEF storage space are managed separately;

the storage management is used for managing T1T/T2T/T3T/T4T/T5TNDEF storage space.

Because all mifare cards exist only in the nfc-a technology and the storage formats of mifare and NDEF are inconsistent, the mifare space and the NDEF space are managed independently. In actual application, NDEF access exists in T1T-T5T protocol technologies. Conventional tag cards use a single protocol per card, with each card storing a separate NDEF. At present, protocols are compatible, each protocol can independently open up storage space and each protocol can independently use the storage space, but the method has low utilization rate on the whole storage space. If the NDEF storage space is 20k, each protocol occupies 4k, and if the T1T protocol needs to use NDEF space, it can only use up to 4k, and if the T2T/T3T/T4T/T5T space is not used, the remaining 16k of storage space is not used, resulting in space waste. In order to utilize the whole storage space to the maximum extent, the scheme can adopt a mode of dynamically applying for the storage space.

That is, aiming at different protocols corresponding to different protocol formats, a storage state segment is adopted to store the use state of each protocol dynamic application storage space; the storage state segment comprises corresponding protocol tags and state words, and the storage spaces of different protocols use a state word definition mode, so that the whole storage space can be independently applied and used by each protocol.

Specifically, the storage space is 32 bytes in one block, and 128 blocks in total are taken as an example. The first 5 blocks are storage state segments, the storage state segments store the use state of each protocol dynamic application space, each user space block is identified by 1 bit to store the use and non-use of the state, and 128 blocks of space are identified by 16 byte data state.

The storage state segment is composed of a T1TTag state identifier, a 16-byte state identifier, a T2TTag state identifier, a 16-byte state identifier, a T3TTag state identifier, a 16-byte state identifier, a T4TTag state identifier, a 16-byte state identifier, a T5TTag state identifier, a 16-byte state identifier and the like.

Designing a storage state segment:

TxT (x: 1-5) Tag: defined as the TxT (x: 1-5) unique identification code.

The number of TxT (x: 1-5) state bytes is n, and n = m/8; (m represents the total number of blocks). Each bit of the TxT (x: 1-5) status byte represents whether the corresponding block number is used or not.

Referring to fig. 5, if the T1T protocol requires the use of user space block6, block7, block8, and T1TTag, the status bytes are 0 × 07000000,0 × 00000000, respectively.

If the T2T protocol requires the use of user space blocks 9, 10, 11, 12, T2TTag, the status bytes are 0x00f00000, 0x00000000.

If the T5T protocol requires the use of user space blocks 125, 126, 127, 128, T5TTag, the status bytes are 0x00f00000,0x00000000, 0x0000000f.

The storage spaces of different protocols use the status word definition mode, so that the whole storage space can be independently applied and used by each protocol, and who uses the storage space can occupy the storage space.

Further, the storage management flow in this embodiment is as follows:

acquiring NDEF data which is applied by a user and written into a specific corresponding protocol; the specific corresponding protocol comprises any one of TxT protocols, and the value range of x is as follows: 1-5;

calculating the number of blocks required by writing the NDEF data, detecting storage state bytes, and searching unused blocks;

and if the unused blocks are detected and the requirement of the number of the written blocks is met, writing the NDEF data into the corresponding blocks, and assigning the corresponding status words of the specific corresponding protocols.

Further, the storage management further includes:

acquiring NDEF data of a protocol to which a user applies for formatting; the protocol is also any one of TxT protocols, and the value range of x is as follows: 1-5; i.e. may be any one of T1T, T2T, T3T, T4T and T5T protocols;

detecting the space state of the protocol and searching the corresponding use block condition;

and clearing the corresponding using block space and modifying the storage state segment of the protocol space.

According to the technical scheme, the corresponding radio frequency technology types are automatically detected by integrating multi-protocol data of different protocol standards, and corresponding data processing is carried out according to different protocol formats; therefore, cards compatible with the NFC Forum multi-protocol can be realized, one card is universal, and holding, purchasing and replacing of different kinds of cards are reduced; meanwhile, the required storage space and storage management are called according to different protocols, so that each protocol can use the storage space to the maximum extent;

meanwhile, the automatic test of the card reading mode of the NFC Forum protocol can be carried out by utilizing the integrated multi-protocol, so that a tester does not need to purchase cards of different protocols and radio frequency technologies, and the tester does not need to carry out manual replacement test on the cards of different protocols and radio frequency technologies.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative modules and steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described system embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the modules is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed.

While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. An NFC full card compatible with multiple protocols comprises an NFC tag card, and is characterized in that the NFC tag card comprises a radio frequency processing module, an NFC state machine, an NFC protocol processing module and a storage management module;

the radio frequency processing module is used for:

receiving and demodulating data, and decoding according to the technical standard of the NFC tag card protocol;

receiving radio frequency signals, and detecting corresponding radio frequency technology types based on comparison of the NFC tag card protocol technical standards; wherein, the radio frequency technology category is correspondingly associated with a protocol format;

the NFC state machine is used for selecting a corresponding anti-collision algorithm for communication according to the radio frequency technology category, and entering a data exchange state when the NFC tag card is selected, so as to realize reading and writing of the NFC tag card;

the NFC protocol processing module is used for integrating multi-protocol data and carrying out corresponding data processing aiming at different protocol formats;

and the storage management module is used for calling the required storage space based on different protocol formats and carrying out storage management.

2. The NFC full card compatible with multiple protocols according to claim 1, wherein the radio frequency processing module comprises a radio frequency modem module, a radio frequency technology detection module and a radio frequency codec module;

the radio frequency modulation and demodulation module is used for receiving energy and data transmitted from the radio frequency antenna and demodulating the data; modulating the digital signal to be transmitted;

the radio frequency technology detection module is used for inquiring a radio frequency signal sent by the card reader host, establishing a communication mode according to an NFC tag card protocol technical standard, and detecting a corresponding radio frequency technology category based on comparison of the NFC tag card protocol technical standard;

the radio frequency encoding and decoding module is used for decoding the digital signal converted after the radio frequency demodulation according to the NFC tag card protocol technical standard; and encoding the digital signal to be transmitted.

3. The full multi-protocol-compatible NFC card according to claim 2, wherein the radio frequency technology detection module is specifically configured to:

receiving a radio frequency signal sent by a card reader;

receiving the radio frequency signal demodulated by the radio frequency modulation and demodulation module;

carrying out morphological analysis on the demodulated radio frequency signal, and judging the radio frequency signal to be an NFC-F technology if the radio frequency signal is symmetrical; otherwise, the signal is NFC-A/NFC-B/NFC-V;

and then, identifying corresponding NFC-A/NFC-B/NFC-V according to different decoding modes.

4. The full NFC card compatible with multiple protocols according to claim 3, wherein the NFC protocol processing module is configured to perform corresponding data processing for different protocol formats, and specifically includes:

after data are received, the data frame format is verified through NFCForm Tag specification, data analysis is carried out on the data, and then a data command is distributed; the data read-write commands of different protocols are different and are defined by NFCForm Tag specifications.

5. The full card of multi-protocol-compatible NFC according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the memory management module comprises a memory, the memory comprises a mifare memory space and an NDEF memory space, and the mifare memory space and the NDEF memory space are managed separately.

6. The NFC full card compatible with multiple protocols according to claim 5, wherein different protocol formats correspond to different protocols, and a storage state segment is used for storing the use state of the storage space dynamically applied by each protocol; the storage state segment comprises corresponding protocol tags and state words, and the storage spaces of different protocols use a state word definition mode, so that the whole storage space can be independently applied and used by each protocol.

7. The full multi-protocol-compatible NFC card according to claim 6, wherein the storage management specifically includes:

acquiring NDEF data which is applied by a user and written into a specific corresponding protocol; the specific corresponding protocol comprises any one of TxT protocols, and the value range of x is as follows: 1-5;

calculating the number of blocks required by writing the NDEF data, detecting storage state bytes, and searching unused blocks;

and if the unused blocks are detected and the requirement of the number of the written blocks is met, writing the NDEF data into the corresponding blocks, and assigning the corresponding status words of the specific corresponding protocols.

8. The multi-protocol compliant NFC full card according to claim 7, wherein the storage management further comprises:

acquiring NDEF data of a protocol to which a user applies for formatting;

detecting the space state of the protocol and searching the corresponding use block condition;

and clearing the corresponding using block space and modifying the storage state segment of the protocol space.

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