CN115632917B - Anti-frequency offset communication method, device, system and medium based on polarization code - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polarization code-based anti-frequency offset communication method, a device, a system and a medium, belonging to the field of wireless communication, wherein the method comprises the following steps: receiving signals to be demodulated, and generating L complex exponential signals with normalized frequencies distributed in an equidifference manner, wherein L is an integer greater than 1; multiplying the signal to be demodulated with each complex exponential signal to obtain corresponding L frequency offset precompensation symbols; according to the modulation mode of the signal to be demodulated, respectively demapping each frequency offset precompensation symbol to obtain corresponding L candidate sequences to be decoded; and simultaneously decoding the L candidate sequences to be decoded by using a polarization code SCL decoder, and outputting a codeword with the smallest metric value as a decoding result, wherein the metric value is used for representing log likelihood information of the decoding result corresponding to the current bit to be decoded. The resistance of the wireless communication receiver to frequency offset is improved, the frequency synchronization overhead is reduced, and the receiver design is simplified.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wireless communication, and in particular relates to a method, a device, a system and a medium for anti-frequency offset communication based on a polarization code.
Background
Due to the non-ideal characteristics of the oscillator and the influence of Doppler effect, frequency deviation exists in signals received by the wireless communication receiver, and transmission data is difficult to recover effectively. The traditional frequency synchronization method depends on a known synchronization sequence for receiving and transmitting such as a training sequence, pilot frequency and the like, so that the transmission efficiency is reduced, and a receiving end needs complex operations such as frequency offset calculation, compensation, tracking and the like, so that the structure of the receiver is complex.
Polarization codes are the first channel coding scheme theoretically proven to reach shannon capacity, and have been widely focused by academia and industry and adopted by the fifth generation mobile communication system (5G). How to design an anti-frequency offset communication method based on polarization codes, which enables a receiver to tolerate a large range of carrier frequency offset, has important significance in reducing frequency synchronization overhead and simplifying receiver design.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and improvement demands of the prior art, the invention provides a polarized code-based anti-frequency offset communication method, a device, a system and a medium, which aim to improve the resistance of a wireless communication receiver to frequency offset, reduce the frequency synchronization overhead and simplify the design of the receiver.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for anti-frequency offset communication based on a polarization code, including: s1, receiving signals to be demodulated, and generating L complex exponential signals with normalized frequencies distributed in an arithmetic mode, wherein L is an integer larger than 1; s2, multiplying the signal to be demodulated with each complex exponential signal respectively to obtain corresponding L frequency offset precompensation symbols; s3, respectively demapping each frequency offset precompensation symbol according to the modulation mode of the signal to be demodulated to obtain corresponding L candidate sequences to be decoded; s4, simultaneously decoding the L candidate sequences to be decoded by using a polarization code SCL decoder, and outputting a codeword with the smallest metric value as a decoding result, wherein the metric value is used for representing log likelihood information of the decoding result corresponding to the current bit to be decoded.
Further, the signal to be demodulated is affected by frequency offset and noise in the transmission process, which is expressed as:
rk＝akej(2πωk)+nk
Wherein r k is the signal to be demodulated, a k is a constellation symbol, ω is a frequency offset, n k is noise, and k represents an index sequence number of the currently received signal to be demodulated.
Further, the L complex exponential signals generated in S1 are:
wherein f l,k represents the generated first complex exponential signal, ω l is the normalized frequency of f l,k, and k represents the index number of the currently received signal to be demodulated.
Still further, ω l is:
where Δω is the tolerance of the arithmetic distribution.
Still further, the tolerance of the arithmetic distribution is:
Δω＝2θ
Wherein Δω is the tolerance of the arithmetic distribution, θ is the frequency offset that can be tolerated by the original polarization code SCL decoder with an initial path number of 1.
Still further, the maximum number of paths and the initial activation number of paths of the polarization code SCL decoder are both L, and the S4 includes: s41, for each path L, the polarization code SCL decoder calculates the log likelihood information of the current bit j to be decoded as 0 and 1 according to the candidate sequences to be decoded and the decoding results of the previous bits to be decoded, wherein the initial value of l=1, 2, …, L and j is 1, and the primary allocation is to allocate the L candidate sequences to be decoded to each path in a one-to-one correspondence manner; s42, judging whether the current bit j to be decoded is a frozen bit, if so, judging the current bit j to be decoded of the path l as the frozen bit, reserving corresponding log likelihood information for the path l as a current measurement value, keeping the candidate sequences to be decoded allocated to each path unchanged, adding an operation to j, otherwise, executing S43; s43, selecting L with the smallest value from the 2L log likelihood information obtained in the S41 as a current metric value, taking a corresponding decoding value as a decoding result of a current bit j to be decoded, reassigning a corresponding candidate sequence to be decoded to L paths, and adding one to the j; and S44, repeating the steps S41-S43 until j=N, wherein N is the code length of the polarization code, and taking the decoding result of the path corresponding to the finally obtained minimum metric value as the final decoding result.
Further, the log-likelihood information of decoding the current bit j to be decoded into 0 of the path l is equal to the inverse of the probability of decoding the current bit j to be decoded into 0 of the path l, and the inverse is taken as the natural log; the log-likelihood information of decoding the current bit j to be decoded into 1 of the path l is equal to the reciprocal of the probability of decoding the current bit j to be decoded into 1 of the path l to take the natural logarithm.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a polarization code-based anti-frequency offset communication apparatus, comprising: the receiving and generating module is used for receiving the signal to be demodulated and generating L complex exponential signals with normalized frequencies distributed in an equidifference way, wherein L is an integer larger than 1; the frequency offset precompensation module is used for multiplying the signal to be demodulated with each complex exponential signal respectively to obtain corresponding L frequency offset precompensation symbols; the demapping module is used for demapping each frequency deviation precompensation symbol according to the modulation mode of the signal to be demodulated to obtain corresponding L candidate sequences to be decoded; and the decoding module is used for simultaneously decoding the L candidate sequences to be decoded by using a polarization code SCL decoder and outputting a code word with the minimum metric value as a decoding result, wherein the metric value is used for representing log likelihood information of the decoding result corresponding to the current bit to be decoded.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a polarization code-based anti-frequency offset communication system, including a transmitting end for transmitting a signal to be demodulated to a receiving end for performing the polarization code-based anti-frequency offset communication method as described above.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a polarization code based frequency offset resistant communication method as described above.
In general, through the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
(1) According to the frequency deviation tolerated by a polarization code SCL decoder of an original polarization code of the polarization code, complex exponential signals with frequency distributed in an arithmetic progression are generated, and corresponding L frequency deviation precompensation symbols are generated for subsequent demapping and decoding operations, so that the frequency deviation in [ -L/2 xDeltaomega, L/2 xDeltaomega ] can be corrected, the capability of a traditional wireless communication receiver for resisting the frequency deviation is effectively improved, the pilot frequency and training sequence overhead of a traditional wireless communication system for correcting the frequency deviation is reduced, and a frequency synchronization module in the traditional receiver can be omitted or simplified;
(2) The candidate sequence to be decoded is expressed in the form of log likelihood values, and on the premise of not influencing the error correction performance of a polarized code SCL decoder with the initial activation path number L, multiplication and division operations required by the traditional SCL decoding in the probability form can be simplified into addition and subtraction operations, so that the implementation of hardware is facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for anti-frequency offset communication based on a polarization code according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a polarization code-based anti-frequency offset communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a chart showing comparison of error rates of original SCL decoding under various normalized frequency shifts according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a frequency offset range that can be tolerated by the anti-frequency offset communication method based on the polarization code according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the comparison of error rates of a communication method based on polarization code against frequency offset and without frequency offset according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of a device for anti-frequency offset communication based on polarization codes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
In the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for anti-frequency offset communication based on a polarization code according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, with reference to fig. 2 to 5, a detailed description is given of a method for anti-frequency offset communication based on a polarization code in this embodiment, where the method includes operations S1 to S4, and the overall schematic block diagram is shown in fig. 2.
The method comprises the following steps of S1, receiving a signal to be demodulated, and generating L complex exponential signals with normalized frequencies distributed in an arithmetic mode, wherein L is an integer larger than 1.
The signal to be demodulated is a signal which is transmitted by the transmitting end and arrives at the receiving end after being polarized and modulated, and is influenced by frequency deviation and noise in the transmission process, and the signal to be demodulated is expressed as follows:
rk＝akej(2πωk)+nk
Where r k is a signal to be demodulated, a k is a constellation symbol, ω is a frequency offset, n k is noise, and k represents an index sequence number of the currently received signal to be demodulated. Further, n k is the sampling of gaussian white noise at time k, the mean is 0, and the variance is δ 2.
The code length N of the transmitting end polarization code is, for example, 256, the code rate R is, for example, 1/2, and constellation mapping is performed, for example, according to Quadrature phase shift keying (Quadrature PHASE SHIFT KEYING, QPSK) modulation, namely a k e {1+i, -1+i, -1-i,1-i }. And a coding group, wherein the length of the corresponding modulation symbol is N/2, namely, k is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N/2.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the L complex exponential signals generated are:
wherein f l,k represents the generated first complex exponential signal, ω l is the normalized frequency of f l,k, and k represents the index number of the currently received signal to be demodulated.
Preferably, ω l is:
where Δω is the tolerance of the arithmetic distribution.
Preferably, the tolerance Δω of the arithmetic distribution is:
Δω＝2θ
wherein θ is the frequency offset tolerated by the original polarization code SCL decoder with an initial path number of 1.
In this embodiment, θ may be obtained by heuristic search. Taking the example of the code length n=256, the code rate r=1/2 and the SCL decoding list number l=8, the performance of the original polarization code SCL decoder in different frequency offsets is simulated by adopting a heuristic search mode, and when θ=2×10 -4 is obtained as shown in fig. 3, the performance degradation of the original polarization code SCL decoder is negligible. At this time, the total frequency offset range tolerable in the present embodiment is [ -L/2xΔω, L/2xΔω ] = [ -1.6x -3,1.6×10-3 ], as shown in FIG. 4.
And S2, multiplying the signal to be demodulated with each complex exponential signal respectively to obtain corresponding L frequency offset precompensation symbols.
In this embodiment, the obtained L frequency offset precompensation symbols are:
further, s l,k can be simplified as:
And S3, respectively demapping each frequency offset precompensation symbol according to the modulation mode of the signal to be demodulated to obtain corresponding L candidate sequences to be decoded.
In this embodiment, the candidate sequence to be coded may be further processed into log-likelihood form. Taking a QPSK mode as an example of a modulation mode, the processed candidate sequences to be decoded are as follows:
LL(W(yl(2k-1)|0))＝(imag(sl,k)-1)2/(2δ2)+ln(2πδ2)/2
LL(W(yl(2k-1)|1))＝(imag(sl,k)+1)2/(2δ2)+ln(2πδ2)/2
LL(W(yl(2k)|0))＝(real(sl,k)-1)2/(2δ2)+ln(2πδ2)/2
LL(W(yl(2k)|1))＝(real(sl,k)+1)2/(2δ2)+ln(2πδ2)/2
And S4, simultaneously decoding the L candidate sequences to be decoded by using a polarization code SCL decoder, and outputting a code word with the smallest metric value as a decoding result, wherein the metric value is used for representing log likelihood information of the decoding result corresponding to the current bit to be decoded.
In this embodiment, the maximum number of paths and the number of initial activation paths of the polarization code SCL decoder should be not less than L, preferably L. Operation S4 includes sub-operation S41-sub-operation S44.
In sub-operation S41, for each path L, the polar code SCL decoder calculates log likelihood information of the current bits j to be decoded as 0 and 1 according to the candidate sequences to be decoded allocated to the polar code SCL decoder and the decoding result of the bits to be decoded before, and the initial values of l=1, 2, …, L and j are 1, and the primary allocation is to allocate the L candidate sequences to each path in a one-to-one correspondence.
When the sub-operation S41 is performed for the first time, the candidate sequences to be decoded allocated to the L paths are y 1(i),y2(i),…,yL (i), where i=1, 2, …, N, y l (i) is the first candidate sequence to be decoded in the L candidate sequences to be decoded obtained in operation S3. When sub-operation S41 is performed 2 to L times, candidate sequences to be decoded allocated thereto are the results allocated in sub-operation S43 for L paths.
The log likelihood information of decoding the current bit j to be decoded of the path l into 0 and 1 is equal to the reciprocal of the probability of decoding the current bit j to be decoded of the path l into 0 and 1 to take a natural logarithm:
wherein, The current bit j to be decoded representing path l, P l represents the candidate sequence to be decoded corresponding to path l,Representing the decoding result of j-1 decoding bits before path l,/>Representation/>Probability of decoding 0,/>Representation/>The probability of decoding to 1.
The 2L log likelihood information obtained in sub-operation S41 are respectivelyAnd
In sub-operation S42, it is determined whether the current bit j to be decoded is a frozen bit, if yes, the current bit j to be decoded of the path l is decided as the frozen bit, corresponding log likelihood information is reserved for the path l as a current metric value, the candidate sequence to be decoded allocated to each path remains unchanged, an operation is added to j, and if not, sub-operation S43 is performed.
In this embodiment, whether the current bit j to be decoded is a frozen bit is determined according to the encoding rule of the polarization code, and when the current bit j to be decoded is determined to be a frozen bitThe decision is known as frozen bit u j, and the corresponding metric is noted as/>Where u j is known as 0 or 1.
In sub-operation S43, the L with the smallest value is selected from the 2L log likelihood information obtained in sub-operation S41 as the current metric value, the corresponding decoding value is used as the decoding result of the current bit j to be decoded, the corresponding candidate sequence to be decoded is reassigned to L paths, and the j is added with one operation.
When it is determined that the current bit j to be decoded is a non-frozen bit (i.e., an information bit), 2L pieces of log likelihood information obtained in the sub-operation S41 are compared, L pieces of the log likelihood information having the smallest value are selected as current metric values, and paths corresponding to the L pieces of the log likelihood information having the smallest value are reserved.
Taking paths corresponding to L log likelihood information with l=4 and j=1 and the smallest value as examples, where the 1st candidate sequence to be decoded is decoded to 0, the 2 nd candidate sequence to be decoded is decoded to 1, and the 4 th candidate sequence to be decoded is decoded to 0, in the sub-operation S43, the four paths are reserved, the remaining four paths are removed, and decoding of the next bit to be decoded is continued under the reserved four paths, and correspondingly, the 1st, 2 nd and 4 th candidate sequences to be decoded are used as the next bit to be decoded to be allocated to the l=4 paths, so as to execute the sub-operation S41 again.
In sub-operation S44, sub-operation S41-sub-operation S43 is repeatedly performed until j=n, N is the code length of the polarization code, and the decoding result of the path corresponding to the finally obtained minimum metric value is taken as the final decoding result.
After finishing the decision of the Nth decoding bit, taking the path with the smallest metric value in the L reserved decoding paths as a decoding result
Fig. 5 shows a Bit Error Rate (BER) effect versus graph for an embodiment of the present invention, with a normalized frequency offset set to 1 x 10 -3. Referring to fig. 5, it can be seen that the error rate of the anti-frequency offset communication method based on the polarization code in this embodiment has about 0.1dB performance loss compared with no frequency offset, which is negligible.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of a device for anti-frequency offset communication based on polarization codes according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 6, the polarization code-based anti-frequency offset communication apparatus 600 includes a receiving and generating module 610, a frequency offset precompensation module 620, a demapping module 630, and a decoding module 640.
The receiving and generating module 610, for example, performs an operation S1 for receiving a signal to be demodulated and generating L complex exponential signals with normalized frequencies distributed in equal difference, where L is an integer greater than 1.
The frequency offset precompensation module 620, for example, performs operation S2, for multiplying the signal to be demodulated with each complex exponential signal, to obtain corresponding L frequency offset precompensation symbols.
The demapping module 630 performs, for example, operation S3, for demapping the frequency offset precompensated symbols according to the modulation mode of the signal to be demodulated, so as to obtain corresponding L candidate sequences to be decoded.
The decoding module 640 performs, for example, operation S4, for simultaneously decoding the L candidate sequences to be decoded by using the polar code SCL decoder, and outputting a codeword with the smallest metric value as a decoding result, where the metric value is used to represent log-likelihood information of the decoding result corresponding to the current bit to be decoded.
The polarization code-based anti-frequency offset communication apparatus 600 is used to perform the above-described polarization code-based anti-frequency offset communication method in the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 5. For details not yet in this embodiment, please refer to the anti-frequency offset communication method based on the polarization code in the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 5, which is not described herein.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a frequency offset resistant communication system based on the polarization code, which comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end. The transmitting end is used for transmitting the signal to be demodulated to the receiving end. The receiving end is configured to execute the anti-frequency offset communication method based on the polarization code in the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 5.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor, implements the method for polarization code-based frequency offset resistant communication in the embodiments shown in fig. 1-5.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The anti-frequency offset communication method based on the polarization code is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1, receiving signals to be demodulated, and generating L complex exponential signals with normalized frequencies distributed in an arithmetic mode, wherein L is an integer larger than 1;
S2, multiplying the signal to be demodulated with each complex exponential signal respectively to obtain corresponding L frequency offset precompensation symbols;
S3, respectively demapping each frequency offset precompensation symbol according to the modulation mode of the signal to be demodulated to obtain corresponding L candidate sequences to be decoded;
S4, simultaneously decoding the L candidate sequences to be decoded by using a polarization code SCL decoder, and outputting a codeword with the smallest metric value as a decoding result, wherein the metric value is used for representing log likelihood information of the decoding result corresponding to the current bit to be decoded.
2. The method for polarization-code-based anti-frequency offset communication according to claim 1, wherein the signal to be demodulated is affected by frequency offset and noise during transmission, expressed as:
rk＝akej(2πωk)+nk
Wherein r k is the signal to be demodulated, a k is a constellation symbol, ω is a frequency offset, n k is noise, and k represents an index sequence number of the currently received signal to be demodulated.
3. The polarization-code-based anti-frequency offset communication method according to claim 1, wherein the L complex exponential signals generated in S1 are:
wherein f l,k represents the generated first complex exponential signal, ω l is the normalized frequency of f l,k, and k represents the index number of the currently received signal to be demodulated.
4. The polarization-code-based anti-frequency offset communication method of claim 3, wherein ω l is:
where Δω is the tolerance of the arithmetic distribution.
5. The method for polarization-code-based anti-frequency offset communication of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the tolerance of the arithmetic distribution is:
Δω＝2θ
Wherein Δω is the tolerance of the arithmetic distribution, θ is the frequency offset that can be tolerated by the original polarization code SCL decoder with an initial path number of 1.
6. The polarization-code-based anti-frequency offset communication method according to claim 1, wherein the maximum number of paths and the initial number of activation paths of the polarization-code SCL decoder are both L, and S4 comprises:
S41, for each path L, the polarization code SCL decoder calculates the log likelihood information of the current bit j to be decoded as 0 and 1 according to the candidate sequences to be decoded and the decoding results of the previous bits to be decoded, wherein the initial value of l=1, 2, …, L and j is 1, and the primary allocation is to allocate the L candidate sequences to be decoded to each path in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
S42, judging whether the current bit j to be decoded is a frozen bit, if so, judging the current bit j to be decoded of the path l as the frozen bit, reserving corresponding log likelihood information for the path l as a current measurement value, keeping the candidate sequences to be decoded allocated to each path unchanged, adding an operation to j, otherwise, executing S43;
S43, selecting L with the smallest value from the 2L log likelihood information obtained in the S41 as a current metric value, taking a corresponding decoding value as a decoding result of a current bit j to be decoded, reassigning a corresponding candidate sequence to be decoded to L paths, and adding one to the j;
and S44, repeating the steps S41-S43 until j=N, wherein N is the code length of the polarization code, and taking the decoding result of the path corresponding to the finally obtained minimum metric value as the final decoding result.
7. The method for polarization-code-based anti-frequency offset communication according to claim 6, wherein the log-likelihood information of decoding the current bit j to be decoded into 0 of the path l is equal to the inverse of the probability of decoding the current bit j to be decoded into 0 of the path l;
the log-likelihood information of decoding the current bit j to be decoded into 1 of the path l is equal to the reciprocal of the probability of decoding the current bit j to be decoded into 1 of the path l to take the natural logarithm.
8. A polarization code-based anti-frequency offset communication device, comprising:
The receiving and generating module is used for receiving the signal to be demodulated and generating L complex exponential signals with normalized frequencies distributed in an equidifference way, wherein L is an integer larger than 1;
The frequency offset precompensation module is used for multiplying the signal to be demodulated with each complex exponential signal respectively to obtain corresponding L frequency offset precompensation symbols;
The demapping module is used for demapping each frequency deviation precompensation symbol according to the modulation mode of the signal to be demodulated to obtain corresponding L candidate sequences to be decoded;
And the decoding module is used for simultaneously decoding the L candidate sequences to be decoded by using a polarization code SCL decoder and outputting a code word with the minimum metric value as a decoding result, wherein the metric value is used for representing log likelihood information of the decoding result corresponding to the current bit to be decoded.
9. A polarization code-based anti-frequency offset communication system, comprising a transmitting end and a receiving end, wherein the transmitting end is used for transmitting a signal to be demodulated to the receiving end, and the receiving end is used for executing the polarization code-based anti-frequency offset communication method according to any one of claims 1-7.
10. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the program when executed by a processor implements the polarization code based anti-frequency offset communication method of any of claims 1 to 7.
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