CN115629444A - Double-layer nested anti-resonance hollow optical fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Double-layer nested anti-resonance hollow optical fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115629444A CN115629444A CN202211271487.8A CN202211271487A CN115629444A CN 115629444 A CN115629444 A CN 115629444A CN 202211271487 A CN202211271487 A CN 202211271487A CN 115629444 A CN115629444 A CN 115629444A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/032—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with non solid core or cladding
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- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fibers, and particularly relates to a double-layer nested anti-resonance hollow optical fiber and a preparation method thereof. The double-layer nested anti-resonance hollow optical fiber comprises: an outer cladding, a support member, nested tubular members, and a core region; the supporting elements are attached to the inner surface of the outer cladding, and every two adjacent supporting elements are arranged as a group of circles with the structural center of the optical fiber as the center of a circle; the nested tubular elements are arranged at the concave parts of the two supporting elements; the nested tubular elements are constituted by a tubular element and a further tubular element internally disposed; a plurality of sets of uniformly arranged nested tubular elements define a core region. The hollow anti-resonance optical fiber has an ultra-wide transmission passband and extremely low transmission limit loss, the transmission limit loss is less than 0.079 dB/km in the wavelength range of 1280-1680 nm, and the transmission limit loss is less than 0.022dB/km at 1550 nm. Compared with the multilayer nested structure anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber, the structure of the invention is simpler, and the complexity of the preparation process is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fibers, and particularly relates to a double-layer nested anti-resonance hollow optical fiber and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The hollow-core photonic crystal fiber is used for restraining light in an air fiber core for propagation, and has unique advantages in the fields of laser, nonlinear optics, sensing, communication and the like. The hollow-core photonic crystal fiber comprises a photonic band gap hollow-core fiber and an anti-resonance hollow-core fiber. Anti-resonant hollow core fibers (ARFs) have received much attention due to their ultra-low transmission loss, wide transmission window, ultra-low nonlinearity, low delay, and low thermal sensitivity. In 2013, the Russian academy of sciences optical fiber research center proposes that a discrete capillary structure is applied to a node-free cladding design, so that extra resonant loss peaks are prevented from being introduced into a transmission band by a contact node of the capillary, and an anti-resonant hollow-core optical fiber (AR-HCF) with a node-free structure not only can greatly reduce the transmission loss of the optical fiber, but also has a smoother loss curve. In the same year, through numerical simulation at the university of bass in britain, the influence of curvature change of the core wall in the antiresonant hollow optical fiber on the leakage loss of the fiber is researched, and the increase of the negative curvature of the core wall can effectively reduce the distribution of core fiber core field energy in a cladding material, so that the light guide performance of the optical fiber is improved. In 2014, the university of nan-anpton, uk additionally introduces tubules in a cladding capillary tube for layer-by-layer nesting, which can enhance the anti-resonance effect, reduce the coupling of a core mold and a cladding mold, greatly improve the mode constraint performance of the optical fiber and reduce the leakage loss of the AR-HCF to below 1 dB/km. The newly developed anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber with a multi-nested structure obtains the ultra-low loss of 0.174dB/km in a 1530-1560nm wave band, creates the ultra-low loss record of the hollow-core optical fiber, and the novel optical fiber technology realizes the minimum loss record of an O wave band and is comparable to the traditional optical fiber of a C wave band.
In the prior art, CN202011019975.0 discloses an anti-resonant hollow-core fiber with a double-layer structure. However, the invention has not paid enough attention to the process for preparing the optical fiber, and therefore the optical fiber has the following defects:
(1) According to the invention, the first capillary layer with the same size is added on the outer layer of the nested capillary, so that the inner diameter of the outer cladding of the structural optical fiber is much larger than that of the outer cladding of the nested anti-resonance optical fiber, therefore, the sectional area of the outer cladding of the structural optical fiber with the same outer diameter is small, the wire drawing tension capable of being borne is reduced, and the preparation difficulty of the optical fiber is greatly increased;
(2) The first capillary layer of the optical fiber designed by the invention is an anti-resonance area, which requires that the size of the first capillary of the prepared optical fiber is precisely controlled, so that the tube spacing is uniform and small enough. Because the second capillary tube is in an irregular shape, when the optical fiber is prepared by the air inflation process, the air chambers of the first capillary tube and the second capillary tube need to be separated and respectively inflated, and the difficulty of the air inflation process during the preparation of the optical fiber is undoubtedly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a double-layer nested anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber which is simple in structure, excellent in performance, ultra-wide in transmission passband and extremely low in limiting loss and a preparation method thereof.
The invention provides a double-layer nested anti-resonance hollow optical fiber, which comprises: an outer cladding layer on the outermost layer, and a support member, nested tubular members and a core region; wherein:
the supporting elements are attached to the inner surface of the outer cladding, two adjacent supporting elements form a group, the number of the supporting elements is 4-12, and the supporting elements are uniformly distributed on the circumference which takes the structural center of the optical fiber as the center of a circle;
the supporting element is of a solid rod-shaped or tubular structure;
the nested tubular elements are arranged at a concave area formed by two support elements of which two adjacent support elements form a group;
said nested tubular elements are constituted by a third tubular element internally housed in a second tubular element;
the core region is defined by a plurality of sets of nested tubular elements arranged uniformly.
Furthermore, the supporting elements are grouped in pairs, are uniformly distributed at intervals, and have a spacing distance d of 0-10 μm. Preferably d is between 3 and 10 μm.
Further, the number of the nested tubular elements is 4-12 corresponding to the number of the groups of the supporting elements, and the third tubular element is arranged in the second tubular element and is tightly connected with the inner side of the second tubular element far away from the core end.
Further, the support element, the second tubular element, and the third tubular element are all circular.
Further, the material of the supporting element, the second tubular element and the third tubular element is silicon dioxide or silicon, and the refractive index of the material is 1.3-3.0.
Further, the support element, the second tubular element and the third tubular element have the same wall thickness in the range of 0.2-2 μm.
Furthermore, the radius of the gas core rcore is 10-25 μm.
Further, the radius rcore of the core region, the radius r1 of the supporting element, the radius r2 of the second tubular element, and the radius r3 of the third tubular element, respectively, satisfy: r1=1 to 6 μm, r3/r2=0.3 to 0.8, r2/rcore =0.5 to 0.8.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the double-layer nested anti-resonance hollow optical fiber, which comprises the following specific steps:
directly drawing a capillary tube or a solid rod by using a quartz tube or a quartz rod, and drawing a second capillary tube and a third capillary tube by using the quartz tube;
2.1 Arranging a plurality of supporting elements along the inner circumference of the inner wall of the quartz sleeve according to the design requirement, wherein the supporting elements can be solid rods or capillaries, every two supporting elements arranged at intervals form a group, and heating the quartz sleeve and the supporting elements to a molten state so that the supporting elements and the side surface of the quartz sleeve are welded together without large deformation;
2.2 Placing the third capillary tube in the second capillary tube and welding to prepare a nested capillary tube;
2.3 Placing the prepared nested capillary tube in a concave area formed by the support element, and heating and welding the nested capillary tube together to prepare a primary prefabricated rod;
2.3. drawing the prepared primary prefabricated member to obtain an intermediate, and inserting the intermediate into a wire-drawing sleeve to prepare a secondary prefabricated member;
2.4 And assembling the secondary prefabricated member and an inflation die, inserting the first capillary tube and the second capillary tube into inflation micro-tubes with the same size to share one air chamber, respectively inserting the intermediate body core and the third capillary tube into the inflation micro-tubes with different sizes, respectively and independently supplying air, controlling by adopting three-stage inflation pressure, and further drawing and processing to obtain the double-layer nested anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) The invention provides a double-layer nested anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber based on an anti-resonance theory creatively, which has an ultra-wide transmission passband and extremely low transmission loss limitation; limiting the transmission loss to be less than 0.079 dB/km in the wavelength range of 1280-1680 nm and limiting the transmission loss to be less than 0.022dB/km at 1550 nm;
(2) According to the double-layer nested anti-resonance hollow optical fiber designed by the invention, a layer of supporting element with a smaller size is added outside the nested tubular element, so that the inner diameter of an outer cladding layer can be prevented from being increased to a greater extent, the optical fiber can bear enough wire drawing tension, and the manufacturability of the optical fiber is ensured;
(3) According to the double-layer nested anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber designed by the invention, a layer of supporting elements are arranged on the inner surface of an outer coating layer in a specific mode, and the supporting elements are taken as a reference, and a nested tubular element is placed at a concave region formed by two spaced supporting elements, so that the structure can ensure the uniform distribution of the nested tubular element, and the polarization difference of an optical fiber mode caused by the random uneven distribution of the nested tubular element in the optical fiber is avoided;
(4) The optical fiber and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the advantages that the supporting element is mainly used for separating the nested tubular element from the inner surface of the outer cladding, and the leakage degree of the fiber core energy from the position of the nested tubular element is reduced, so the process tolerance of the size and the position of the optical fiber is higher; when the supporting element is a solid rod-shaped element, the air inflation process for preparing the optical fiber is the same as that of the nested anti-resonance optical fiber, and the optical fiber preparation process is simpler; when the supporting element is a tubular element, the supporting element and the second tubular element share one air chamber, so that the complexity of the optical fiber preparation process is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hollow-core optical fiber according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hollow-core optical fiber according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph of nested antiresonant fibers limiting transmission loss at 1550 nm wavelength, at an outer cladding distance Δ from the nested tubular element layers.
Figure 4 is a graph of the confinement loss of a first embodiment of the hollow-core fiber, a second embodiment of the hollow-core fiber and a nested anti-resonant hollow-core fiber according to the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures: 1 is the overcladding, 2a,2b are the support elements, 3 is the second tubular element, 4 is the third tubular element, 5 is the core region, and Δ is the distance between the overcladding and the nested tubular element layers.
Detailed Description
To more clearly describe the objects and advantages of the present embodiments, the present invention will be further explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention relates to a double-layer nested anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber and a preparation method thereof, as shown in figure 2, the double-layer nested anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber comprises the following steps: an outer cladding layer 1 positioned at the outermost layer, a supporting element 2, nested tubular elements and a fiber core area; support elements 2a,2b are attached to the inner surface of the outer cladding, the support elements 2a,2b being a set of circumferential arrangements centered on the structural centre of the fibre; nested tubular elements are placed in the concave form of the two support elements 2a, 2b; the nested tubular elements are constituted by the second tubular element 3 and the built-in third tubular element 4; sets of uniformly arranged nested tubular elements define the core region 5.
Furthermore, the core radius rcore of the core region 5 is 10-25 μm.
Further, the support elements 2a and 2b are a group and are uniformly spaced, and the spacing distance d between the support elements 2a and 2b is 0-10 μm, the radius of the support elements is r1, and the following conditions are satisfied: r1=1 to 6 μm.
Further, the number of the nested tubular elements is 4 to 12, preferably 6.
Further, the third tubular element 4 is embedded in the second tubular element 3, and the radii of the third tubular element 4 and the second tubular element 3 are r3 and r2; satisfies the following conditions: r3/r2=0.3 to 0.8.
Further, the wall thickness of the supporting element 2, the wall thickness of the second tubular element 3 and the wall thickness of the third tubular element 4 are the same and are all 0.2-2 μm.
Furthermore, the outer cladding layer 1, the supporting element 2, the second tubular element 3 and the third tubular element 4 are all made of glass or silicon, and the refractive index of the materials is 1.3-3.0.
The second tubular elements are provided with no nodes, and the gap distance is 2-8 mu m.
Preferably, the core radius of the double-layer nested antiresonant optical fiber is 17.5 μm, the radius of the support element is 4 μm, the radius of the third tubular element is 5.5 μm, the radius of the second tubular element is 12.5 μm, and the wall thickness is 0.5 μm.
Fig. 3 shows that the limited transmission loss of the nested antiresonant fiber at 1550 nm is greatly reduced when the nested tubular element is not in contact with the outer cladding, and that the limited transmission loss tends to be flat when its distance Δ is increased to 8 μm. Therefore, the nested anti-resonant optical fiber can be effectively optimized in structure by adding the supporting element between the nested tubular element and the outer cladding to separate the nested tubular element and the outer cladding. As shown in FIG. 4 corresponding to the simulation results of the limiting loss, the limiting transmission loss of the first and second embodiments are greatly reduced and the second embodiment shows better transmission performance relative to the nested anti-resonant fiber, wherein the limiting transmission loss is less than 0.079 dB/km in the wavelength range of 1280-1680 nm and less than 0.022dB/km at 1550 nm.
The invention provides a preparation method of the double-layer nested anti-resonance hollow optical fiber, which comprises the following specific steps:
2.1 Arranging a plurality of supporting elements along the inner circumference of the quartz sleeve according to the design requirement, wherein the supporting elements can be solid rods or capillaries, every two supporting elements arranged at intervals form a group, and heating the quartz sleeve and the supporting elements to a molten state, so that the supporting elements and the side surface of the quartz sleeve are welded together without large deformation;
2.2 Placing the third capillary tube in the second capillary tube and welding to prepare a nested capillary tube;
2.3 Placing the prepared nested capillary tubes in a concave area formed by the supporting element, and heating and welding the nested capillary tubes together to prepare a primary prefabricated rod;
2.3. drawing the prepared primary prefabricated member to obtain an intermediate, and inserting the intermediate into a wire-drawing sleeve to prepare a secondary prefabricated member;
2.4 And assembling the secondary prefabricated member and an inflation die, inserting the first capillary tube and the second capillary tube into inflation micro-tubes with the same size to share one air chamber, respectively inserting the intermediate body core and the third capillary tube into the inflation micro-tubes with different sizes, respectively and independently supplying air, controlling by adopting three-stage inflation pressure, and further drawing and processing to obtain the double-layer nested anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber.
Finally, the method of the present application is only a preferred embodiment and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A double-layer nested anti-resonant hollow-core optical fiber is characterized in that: an outer cladding layer positioned at the outermost layer, and a support element, nested tubular elements and a core region; the supporting elements are attached to the inner surface of the outer cladding, and two adjacent supporting elements are arranged in a group of circles with the structural center of the optical fiber as the circle center; nested tubular elements are placed at the concavities of the two support elements; the nested tubular elements are constituted by the second tubular element and the built-in third tubular element; a plurality of sets of uniformly arranged nested tubular elements define an air core region.
2. A double-nested antiresonant hollow core fiber as claimed in claim 1 in which the support element is of solid rod or tubular construction.
3. The double-layered nested antiresonant hollow-core fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein said supporting elements are grouped in pairs, evenly spaced, with a spacing distance d of between 0 and 10 μm.
4. A double-layered nested antiresonant hollow-core optical fiber as claimed in claim 1 in which the number of nested tubular elements is 4 to 12, and the third tubular element is disposed within the second tubular element and is closely connected to the inside of the second tubular element remote from the core end.
5. The dual-layer nested antiresonant hollow-core fiber of claim 1, wherein the support member, the second tubular member, and the third tubular member are all circular.
6. A double-layered nested antiresonant hollow-core fiber as claimed in claim 1 in which the support element, second tubular element and third tubular element are made of silica or silicon having a refractive index of 1.3-3.0.
7. A double-nested antiresonant hollow-core fiber as claimed in claim 1, in which the supporting element, the second tubular element and the third tubular element have the same wall thickness, ranging from 0.2 μm to 2 μm.
8. The dual-layer nested antiresonant hollow-core fiber according to claim 1, wherein the air core radius rcore is 10-25 μm.
9. The dual-layer nested antiresonant hollow-core fiber according to claim 1, wherein the radius rcore of the core region, the radius r1 of the support element, the radius r2 of the second tubular element and the radius r3 of the third tubular element respectively satisfy: r1=1 to 6 μm, r3/r2=0.3 to 0.8, r2/rcore =0.5 to 0.8.
10. A method of manufacturing a double-layered nested antiresonant hollow-core fiber according to any of claims 1-9, comprising the steps of:
step 1, supporting an element, drawing a second capillary tube and a third capillary tube: directly drawing a capillary tube or a solid rod by using a quartz tube or a quartz rod, and drawing a second capillary tube and a third capillary tube by using the quartz tube;
step 2, preparing a prefabricated rod, which specifically comprises the following steps:
2.1. arranging a plurality of supporting elements on the inner wall of the quartz sleeve according to the design requirement, wherein the supporting elements can be solid rods or capillaries, every two supporting elements which are arranged at intervals form a group, and heating the quartz sleeve and the supporting elements to a molten state, so that the supporting elements and the side surface of the quartz sleeve are welded together without large deformation;
2.2. placing the third capillary tube in the second capillary tube and welding to prepare a nested capillary tube;
2.3. placing the prepared nested capillary in a concave area formed by a supporting element, and heating and welding the nested capillary together to prepare a primary prefabricated rod;
2.3. drawing the prepared primary prefabricated member to obtain an intermediate, and inserting the intermediate into a wire-drawing sleeve to prepare a secondary prefabricated member;
2.4. and assembling the secondary prefabricated member and an inflation die, inserting the first capillary tube and the second capillary tube into inflation micro-tubes with the same size to share one air chamber, respectively inserting the intermediate body core and the third capillary tube into the inflation micro-tubes with different sizes, respectively and independently supplying air, performing three-stage inflation pressure control, and further drawing to obtain the double-layer nested anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211271487.8A CN115629444A (en) | 2022-10-18 | 2022-10-18 | Double-layer nested anti-resonance hollow optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202211271487.8A CN115629444A (en) | 2022-10-18 | 2022-10-18 | Double-layer nested anti-resonance hollow optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
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