CN115629278A - Switch cabinet insulation state detection device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for detecting the insulation state of a switch cabinet, wherein the device comprises a synchronous pulse emitter, two sensor modules and a terminal, wherein the two sensor modules are electrically connected with the synchronous pulse emitter and used for receiving a synchronous pulse signal and acquiring an acoustic signal, an optical signal, an electric signal, a magnetic signal and gas concentration of the switch cabinet to be detected so as to generate acquired data, and the acquired data is acquired and processed through the terminal so as to generate detection data. The switch cabinet insulation state detection device and method provided by the invention realize comprehensive detection of sound, light, electricity, magnetic signals and gas all-factor discharge defects of the switch cabinet to be detected on the same time scale, and effectively improve the insulation state detection efficiency, accuracy and timeliness of the switch cabinet to be detected on the basis of reducing the workload of workers and the burden of the number of detection equipment.

Description

Device and method for detecting insulation state of switchgear

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of switch cabinets, in particular to a device and method for detecting the insulation state of a switch cabinet.

Background technique

Power supply reliability refers to the ability of the power supply system to continuously supply power. It is an important indicator for assessing the power quality of the power supply system. It reflects the degree to which the power industry meets the power demand of the national economy. It has become one of the standards for measuring the degree of economic development of a country. and economic development are crucial. Among them, the switchgear is an important unit in the power supply system, which integrates isolating switches, circuit breakers and related protection devices, and is mainly used to open and close normal power lines, as well as transport and switch operating loads. When the operating equipment and lines in the power supply system suddenly fail, the switchgear can disconnect the line in time and effectively, so as to ensure the safety of important equipment, and reliably ground the equipment and lines that have been out of operation, so as to ensure the operation of the staff Safety. At this stage, switchgear has become the switchgear with the largest number of applications and the widest range of applications.

However, limited by different working conditions, some switchgears work for a long time under harsh working conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, and humidity, and it is easy to induce failure due to the degradation of their own insulation performance. Other important equipment is damaged, which is more likely to cause a power outage. Research has shown that the faults generated inside the switchgear are mainly insulation faults, and detection equipment is usually required to detect and judge the faults of the switchgear. However, in the prior art, the equipment for detecting the insulation state of the switchgear is independent of each other and The use of various testing equipment has a large workload, low efficiency, single detection and judgment methods, and detection limitations. The obtained single-nature signal source criterion often makes it impossible for technicians to accurately judge whether there is an insulation defect inside the switchgear. It is even more impossible to accurately identify the defect type and locate the defect location.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a switchgear insulation state detection device and method, the main purpose of which is to solve the problem of single detection method of switchgear insulation state in the prior art, independent detection equipment, single criterion and Technical problems of low detection efficiency and accuracy.

One aspect of the present invention provides a switchgear insulation state detection device, including:

sync pulse transmitter;

The first sensor module, the first sensor module is electrically connected to the synchronous pulse transmitter, used to receive the synchronous pulse signal emitted by the synchronous pulse transmitter, and collect the acoustic signal, optical signal, electrical signal of the switch cabinet to be tested signal and magnetic signal to generate the first acquisition data;

The second sensor module, the second sensor module is electrically connected to the synchronous pulse transmitter, used to receive the synchronous pulse signal emitted by the synchronous pulse transmitter, and collect the gas concentration of the switch cabinet to be tested to generate second collection of data;

a terminal, the terminal is electrically connected to the first sensor module and the second sensor module respectively, and is used to acquire and process the first collection data and the second collection data to generate detection data.

Optionally, the first sensor module includes piezoelectric sensors, fluorescent fiber optic sensors, capacitive voltage dividers, and complementary dipole double-patch antennas connected in parallel;

The piezoelectric sensor is used to collect the acoustic signal of the switch cabinet to be tested;

The fluorescent optical fiber sensor is used to collect the optical signal of the switch cabinet to be tested;

The capacitive voltage divider is used to collect the electrical signal of the switch cabinet to be tested;

The complementary dipole double-patch antenna is used to collect the magnetic signal of the switch cabinet to be tested;

The piezoelectric sensor, the fluorescent optical fiber sensor, the capacitive voltage divider and the complementary dipole double-patch antenna are respectively electrically connected to the synchronization pulse transmitter for synchronously receiving the synchronization pulse The synchronization pulse signal emitted by the transmitter.

Optionally, the piezoelectric sensor, the fluorescent optical fiber sensor, the capacitive voltage divider and the complementary dipole double-patch antenna are all provided with a peak holder, and the peak holder is used to realize Down-sampling of the switchgear to be tested.

Optionally, the switch cabinet insulation state detection device further includes an analog-to-digital converter, the input end of the analog-to-digital converter is electrically connected to the first sensor module, and the output end of the analog-to-digital converter is electrically connected to the The terminal is electrically connected, and the analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the first collected data from an analog signal into a digital signal and transmit it to the terminal.

Optionally, the second sensor module includes an electrochemical sensor, and the electrochemical sensor is used to collect the gas concentration of the switch cabinet to be tested.

Optionally, the terminal includes a data judgment module and an alarm module;

The data judging module is used to receive the detection data and judge the detection data based on a preset data range to obtain a judgment result, the judgment result includes normal data and abnormal data;

The alarm module is electrically connected to the data judging module, and the alarm module is used to receive an instruction of abnormal data and trigger an alarm.

Optionally, the switch cabinet insulation state detection device further includes an industrial computer, and the industrial computer is electrically connected to the synchronous pulse transmitter for setting detection time.

The switchgear insulation state detection device provided by the present invention integrates the sensors used to detect different element indicators, and transmits a synchronous pulse signal to the two sensor modules through a synchronous pulse transmitter, so that multiple sensors under the two sensor modules are in the same position. Under the time scale, comprehensive detection of sound, light, electricity, magnetic signals and gas all-element discharge defects is carried out for the switchgear to be tested, and the detection data is finally output through the terminal. On the basis of reducing the manual workload and the burden of detection equipment, it effectively improves the The detection efficiency, accuracy and timeliness of the insulation state of the switchgear to be tested.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for detecting the insulation state of a switchgear, including:

The above-mentioned switchgear insulation state detection device is arranged on the cabinet wall of the switchgear to be tested;

When the first sensor module in the switchgear insulation state detection device receives the synchronous pulse signal, collect the acoustic signal, light signal, electrical signal and magnetic signal of the switchgear to be tested, and generate the first collected data;

When the second sensor module in the switch cabinet insulation state detection device receives a synchronous pulse signal, collect the gas concentration of the switch cabinet to be tested, and generate second collection data;

The terminal in the switch cabinet insulation state detection device is used to receive and process the first collection data and the second collection data, and generate detection data.

Optionally, before setting the switchgear insulation state detection device on the cabinet wall of the switchgear to be tested, the method further includes:

Check the switchgear insulation state detection device to confirm that the connection status of the first sensor module and the second sensor module is normal, and set the detection time of the switchgear insulation state detection device.

Optionally, after receiving and processing the first collection data and the second collection data by using the terminal in the switch cabinet insulation state detection device, and generating detection data, the method further includes:

Judging the detection data based on a preset data range to obtain a judgment result;

If the judgment result indicates that the detection data is outside the preset data range, the detection data is abnormal, and the terminal triggers an alarm;

If the judgment result indicates that the detection data is within the preset data range, the detection data is normal, and in response to the continue detection instruction, continue to send the detection data to the first sensor module and the second sensor module The synchronous pulse signal detects the switchgear to be tested.

The method for detecting the insulation state of the switchgear provided by the present invention aims at the difference in sensitivity and timeliness of various detection elements of sound, light, electricity, magnetism and gas for the insulation performance of the switchgear to be tested. The detection equipment conducts comprehensive detection of all-element discharge defects of the switchgear to be tested under the same time scale, and uses the terminal to perform synchronous processing and analysis of the collected data, which effectively improves the detection efficiency and accuracy of the insulation performance defects of the switchgear.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the description, and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a switchgear insulation state detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for detecting the insulation state of a switchgear provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the method for detecting the insulation state of the switchgear provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

1. Synchronous pulse transmitter; 2. First sensor module; 3. Second sensor module; 4. Terminal; 5. Analog-to-digital converter; 6. Industrial computer.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

In one embodiment of the present invention, on the one hand, it provides a switchgear insulation state detection device, including a synchronous pulse transmitter 1, a first sensor module 2, a second sensor module 3 and a terminal 4; the first sensor module 2 and the synchronous The pulse transmitter 1 is electrically connected, and is used to receive the synchronous pulse signal emitted by the synchronous pulse transmitter 1, and collect the acoustic signal, light signal, electrical signal and magnetic signal of the switch cabinet to be tested to generate the first collection data; the second sensor The module 3 is electrically connected with the synchronous pulse transmitter 1, and is used to receive the synchronous pulse signal transmitted by the synchronous pulse transmitter 1, and collect the gas concentration of the switch cabinet to be tested to generate the second collection data; the terminal 4 is respectively connected to the first sensor module 2 is electrically connected to the second sensor module 3, and is used to acquire and process the first collection data and the second collection data to generate detection data.

The switchgear insulation state detection device provided by the present invention integrates the sensors used to detect different element indicators, and transmits a synchronous pulse signal to two sensor modules through a synchronous pulse transmitter 1, so that multiple sensors under the two sensor modules are in the same position. Under the same time scale, the comprehensive detection of sound, light, electricity, magnetism and gas all-element discharge defects is carried out for the switchgear to be tested, and the detection data is finally output through terminal 4. On the basis of reducing the manual workload and the burden of detection equipment, it effectively improves the The detection efficiency, accuracy and timeliness of the insulation state of the switchgear to be tested.

Further, the first sensor module 2 includes a piezoelectric sensor connected in parallel, a fluorescent optical fiber sensor, a capacitive voltage divider, and a complementary dipole double-patch antenna; the piezoelectric sensor is used to collect the acoustic signal of the switch cabinet to be tested; The fluorescent optical fiber sensor is used to collect the optical signal of the switch cabinet to be tested; the capacitive voltage divider is used to collect the electrical signal of the switch cabinet to be tested; the complementary dipole double patch antenna is used to collect the magnetic signal of the switch cabinet to be tested; The electrical sensor, the fluorescent optical fiber sensor, the capacitive voltage divider and the complementary dipole double-patch antenna are respectively electrically connected to the synchronous pulse transmitter 1 for synchronously receiving the synchronous pulse signal transmitted by the synchronous pulse transmitter 1 .

In this embodiment, the piezoelectric sensor is a sensor based on the piezoelectric effect. Its sensitive element is made of piezoelectric material. When the piezoelectric material is stressed, the surface generates charges, and the charges are amplified and transformed by the charge amplifier and the measurement circuit. After the impedance, it can output the electrical output proportional to the external force. Piezoelectric sensors are often used to measure force and non-electric physical quantities that can be converted into electricity. Its advantages are wide frequency band, high sensitivity, high signal-to-noise ratio, simple structure, reliable operation, and light weight. Small light scattering loss, low sensitivity to the environment, strong anti-interference ability and good insulation performance. The fluorescence effect parameters change by feeling the temperature change; It is not easy to break down, and is often used to measure AC high voltage; the complementary dipole double-patch antenna is composed of a pair of symmetrically placed conductors, and the two ends of the conductors are connected to the feeder line respectively, and are used to transmit and receive fixed frequency Signal. Specifically in this application, the piezoelectric sensor is specifically a PZT sensor, which is used to collect acoustic signals, in this application it is ultrasonic waves, and the operating frequency of the PZT sensor is 20kHz-1MHz; the capacitor voltage divider is used to collect electrical signals, and in this application The middle is the transient ground voltage, and the working frequency of the capacitor voltage divider is 1MHz-50MHz or 20-400kHz; the complementary dipole double-patch antenna is used to collect the UHF in the magnetic signal, and its working frequency is 300MHz- 1500MHz; the fluorescent optical fiber sensor is an enhanced type, used to collect optical pulse signals, and its response wavelength range is 250nm-280nm. Through the integrated and modular design of the first sensor module 2, the synchronous combination of various signals of the switch cabinet to be tested is realized. The measurement improves the detection efficiency and detection accuracy.

Further, the piezoelectric sensor, the fluorescent optical fiber sensor, the capacitive voltage divider and the complementary dipole double-patch antenna are all provided with peak holders, and the peak holders are used to realize down-sampling of the switch cabinet to be tested. In this embodiment, the peak holder is widely used in the automatic gain control circuit and the sensor maximum value calculation circuit. Its function is to extract the peak value of the input signal and keep the output value of the circuit unchanged until a new A larger peak appears or the circuit resets. Specifically in this application, by setting a peak hold in each sensor to realize down-sampling of the sensor, the holding time of the peak hold is 1 μs.

Specifically, in the above embodiment, the switch cabinet insulation state detection device also includes an analog-to-digital converter 5, the input end of the analog-to-digital converter 5 is electrically connected to the first sensor module 2, and the output end of the analog-to-digital converter 5 is connected to the terminal 4 is electrically connected, and the analog-to-digital converter 5 is used to convert the first collected data from an analog signal into a digital signal and transmit it to the terminal 4. In this embodiment, the analog-to-digital converter 5 is a circuit for converting an analog signal into a digital signal, and its function is to convert an analog quantity with continuous time and amplitude into a digital signal with discrete time and amplitude. Specifically in this application, after the first sensor module 2 and the second sensor module 3 realize the collection of various element signals, the collected data is transmitted to the terminal 4 by using the analog-to-digital converter 5 with a sampling rate of 20 MS/s for processing.

Further, the second sensor module 3 includes an electrochemical sensor, and the electrochemical sensor is used to collect the gas concentration of the switch cabinet to be tested. In this embodiment, the electrochemical sensor is made on the basis of ion conduction. According to the formation of its electrical characteristics, electrochemical sensors can be divided into potentiometric sensors, conductivity sensors, electrical sensors, polarographic sensors and Electrolytic sensors, etc. Specifically, electrochemical sensors are mainly used to analyze gases, liquids, solid components dissolved in liquids, and the pH, conductivity, and oxidation-reduction potential of liquids and other parameters. Specifically in this application, the measuring range of the electrochemical sensor is 0-1000ppm, which can effectively detect the gas concentration of CO, NO2 and O3 in the environment where the switchgear to be tested is located, and then judge the insulation state of the switchgear to be tested from the dimension of gas , and because the electrochemical detection method is not subject to gas interference and has strong anti-interference ability, when the electrochemical sensor receives the synchronous signal emitted by the synchronous pulse transmitter 1, the probe in the electrochemical sensor begins to complete the single gas concentration of CO, NO2 and O3 information collection work.

Specifically, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the terminal 4 includes a data judging module and an alarm module; the data judging module is used to receive the detection data and judge the detection data based on the preset data range to obtain the judgment result, which includes data normal and data Abnormal; the alarm module is electrically connected to the data judgment module, and the alarm module is used to receive the instruction of data abnormality and trigger an alarm, and the alarm time is less than 50ms. In this embodiment, when the switchgear is in an insulated state, the value of each element has a preset data range, and the preset data range can be set manually before detection, and the terminal 4 obtains the first collection data and the second After the data is collected and processed, the data obtained by each sensor is compared with the preset data range to generate a judgment result. Specifically, when all the collected values are within the preset data range, the detection data is normal, indicating that If the switchgear to be tested is in an insulated state, and the collected value is outside the preset data range, the detected data is abnormal, indicating that the switchgear to be tested is in an abnormal state, and an abnormal detection command is generated, which is transmitted to the data judgment module for Trigger an alarm to remind the staff to maintain the switchgear in time.

Specifically, in the above embodiment, the device for detecting the insulation state of the switch cabinet further includes an industrial computer 6, which is electrically connected to the synchronous pulse transmitter 1 for setting the detection time. In this embodiment, the industrial computer 6 is an industrial control computer, which is mainly used for self-checking the switchgear insulation state detection device before testing the switchgear to be tested. The functions realized by it mainly include initialization time, checking two sensor The connection status of each sensor in the module and the test delay, etc., and the single detection time is set by synchronous pulse transmitter 1.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for detecting the insulation state of a switchgear, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, firstly any of the above-mentioned switchgear insulation state detection devices is arranged on the cabinet wall of the switchgear to be tested, when the switch When the first sensor module 2 in the cabinet insulation state detection device receives the synchronous pulse signal, it collects the acoustic signal, light signal, electrical signal and magnetic signal of the switch cabinet to be tested, and generates the first collection data. When the second sensor module 3 in the detection device receives the synchronous pulse signal, it collects the gas concentration of the switch cabinet to be tested, and generates the second collection data, and finally uses the terminal 4 in the switch cabinet insulation state detection device to receive and process the first collection data and a second acquisition data, and generate detection data.

The method for detecting the insulation state of the switchgear provided by the present invention aims at the difference in sensitivity and timeliness of various detection elements of sound, light, electricity, magnetism and gas for the insulation performance of the switchgear to be tested. The detection equipment conducts comprehensive detection of all-element discharge defects of the switchgear to be tested under the same time scale, and uses the terminal 4 to perform synchronous processing and analysis of the collected data, which effectively improves the detection efficiency and accuracy of the insulation performance defects of the switchgear.

Further, before installing the switch cabinet insulation state detection device on the cabinet wall of the switch cabinet to be tested, check the switch cabinet insulation state detection device to confirm that the connection status of the first sensor module 2 and the second sensor module 3 is normal, and Set the detection time of the switchgear insulation state detection device. In this embodiment, the switchgear insulation state detection device is provided with an industrial computer 6, which is mainly used to perform self-inspection on the switchgear insulation state detection device before detecting the switchgear to be tested, and can initialize the time and confirm that the first sensor module 2 And the connection of each sensor in the second sensor module 3 and the test delay, etc., and the single detection time is set with the synchronous pulse transmitter 1 to ensure the accuracy of detection.

Specifically, in the above-mentioned embodiment, after using the terminal 4 in the switch cabinet insulation state detection device to receive and process the first collection data and the second collection data, and generate the detection data, the detection data is judged based on the preset data range , to obtain the judgment result; if the judgment result indicates that the detection data is outside the preset data range, then the detection data is abnormal, and the terminal 4 triggers an alarm; if the judgment result indicates that the detection data is within the preset data range, then the detection data is normal, when responding If the detection instruction is continued, the synchronization pulse signal is continuously sent to the first sensor module 2 and the second sensor module 3 to detect the switchgear to be tested. In this embodiment, the terminal 4 can process the first collected data and the second collected data after obtaining the first collected data and the second collected data, and compare the data obtained by each sensor with the preset data range to generate a judgment result. If the value is outside the preset data range, the detection data is abnormal, indicating that the switchgear to be tested is in an abnormal state, and an abnormal detection data instruction is generated, which is transmitted to the data judgment module to trigger an alarm and remind the staff to maintain the switchgear in time , to avoid the switchgear in an abnormal state from affecting the safety of the operation; and when all the collected values are within the preset data range, the detection data is normal. The sensor module 2 and the second sensor module 3 continue to send synchronous pulse signals to detect the switchgear to be tested, repeat the detection process, and obtain detection results under multiple time scales to ensure that the switchgear is in an absolutely safe state. During this period, an analog counter is introduced to measure the number of tests Carry out records and statistics, or end the entire measurement process directly after completing a test, and get the measurement results.

The specific principle of the method for detecting the insulation state of the switchgear provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. 3 .

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Orientation or position indicated by "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. The relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore It should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrally connected; it may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (10)

1. A switch cabinet insulation state detection device, characterized in that, comprising: Synchronization pulse transmitter (1); First sensor module (2), described first sensor module (2) is electrically connected with described synchronous pulse transmitter (1), is used for receiving the synchronous pulse signal that described synchronous pulse transmitter (1) transmits, and collects Acoustic signals, optical signals, electrical signals and magnetic signals of the switchgear to be tested to generate the first collected data; Second sensor module (3), described second sensor module (3) is electrically connected with described synchronous pulse transmitter (1), is used for receiving the synchronous pulse signal that described synchronous pulse transmitter (1) transmits, and collects the gas concentration of the switchgear to be tested to generate the second collected data; a terminal (4), the terminal (4) is electrically connected to the first sensor module (2) and the second sensor module (3) respectively, and is used to acquire and process the first collected data and the second sensor module 2. Collect data to generate detection data. 2. The switchgear insulation state detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first sensor module (2) includes piezoelectric sensors, fluorescent optical fiber sensors, capacitive voltage dividers and complementary dipoles connected in parallel sub-dual patch antenna; The piezoelectric sensor is used to collect the acoustic signal of the switch cabinet to be tested; The fluorescent optical fiber sensor is used to collect the optical signal of the switch cabinet to be tested; The capacitive voltage divider is used to collect the electrical signal of the switch cabinet to be tested; The complementary dipole double-patch antenna is used to collect the magnetic signal of the switch cabinet to be tested; The piezoelectric sensor, the fluorescent optical fiber sensor, the capacitive voltage divider and the complementary dipole double-patch antenna are respectively electrically connected to the synchronous pulse transmitter (1) for synchronously receiving the The synchronous pulse signal transmitted by the synchronous pulse transmitter (1). 3. The switch cabinet insulation state detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that the piezoelectric sensor, the fluorescent optical fiber sensor, the capacitive voltage divider and the complementary dipole double patch type Each antenna is provided with a peak holder, and the peak holder is used to implement down-sampling of the switchgear to be tested. 4. The switch cabinet insulation state detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the switch cabinet insulation state detection device also includes an analog-to-digital converter (5), and the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter (5) It is electrically connected to the first sensor module (2), the output end of the analog-to-digital converter (5) is electrically connected to the terminal (4), and the analog-to-digital converter (5) is used to connect the first The collected data is transmitted to the terminal (4) by converting the analog signal into a digital signal. 5. The switchgear insulation state detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the second sensor module (3) includes an electrochemical sensor, and the electrochemical sensor is used to collect the gas of the switchgear to be tested concentration. 6. The switchgear insulation state detection device according to claim 1, wherein the terminal (4) comprises a data judgment module and an alarm module; The data judging module is used to receive the detection data and judge the detection data based on a preset data range to obtain a judgment result, the judgment result includes normal data and abnormal data; The alarm module is electrically connected to the data judging module, and the alarm module is used to receive the instruction of abnormal data and trigger an alarm. 7. The switch cabinet insulation state detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the switch cabinet insulation state detection device also includes an industrial computer (6), and the industrial computer (6) is connected with the synchronous pulse transmitter (1) Electrical connection for setting the detection time. 8. A switch cabinet insulation state detection method, characterized in that, comprising: The switch cabinet insulation state detection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is arranged on the cabinet wall of the switch cabinet to be tested; When the first sensor module (2) in the switchgear insulation state detection device receives the synchronous pulse signal, it collects the acoustic signal, light signal, electrical signal and magnetic signal of the switchgear to be tested, and generates the first collection data; When the second sensor module (3) in the switch cabinet insulation state detection device receives a synchronous pulse signal, collect the gas concentration of the switch cabinet to be tested, and generate second collection data; The terminal (4) in the switch cabinet insulation state detection device is used to receive and process the first collection data and the second collection data, and generate detection data. 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, before the switchgear insulation state detection device is arranged on the cabinet wall of the switchgear to be tested, the method further comprises: Check the switch cabinet insulation state detection device to confirm that the connection status of the first sensor module (2) and the second sensor module (3) is normal, and set the detection time of the switch cabinet insulation state detection device. 10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, receiving and processing the first collected data and the second collected data by using the terminal (4) in the switchgear insulation state detection device, And after generating the detection data, the method also includes: Judging the detection data based on a preset data range to obtain a judgment result; If the judgment result indicates that the detection data is outside the preset data range, the detection data is abnormal, and the terminal (4) triggers an alarm; If the judgment result indicates that the detection data is within the preset data range, the detection data is normal, and in response to the continue detection instruction, the first sensor module (2) and the second sensor The module (3) sends a synchronous pulse signal to continue testing the switch cabinet to be tested.

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