CN115628006A - Non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill and use method thereof - Google Patents
Non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115628006A CN115628006A CN202211318881.2A CN202211318881A CN115628006A CN 115628006 A CN115628006 A CN 115628006A CN 202211318881 A CN202211318881 A CN 202211318881A CN 115628006 A CN115628006 A CN 115628006A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 148
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
- E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/16—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using gaseous fluids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/10—Correction of deflected boreholes
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill which comprises a guide frame, a cluster down-the-hole hammer, a swing driving device and the like. The guide frame guides the drilling direction, the swing driving device drives the cluster down-the-hole hammer to swing linearly and symmetrically, and the down-the-hole hammer impacts ground rock chiseling. The invention overcomes the defects that the prior foundation drilling machine bit rotating technical scheme has complex and heavy structure, too small rotating moment, difficult sealing, easy abrasion and incapability of drilling ultra-deep and ultra-large well holes. The invention has the advantages of simple, reliable and durable equipment structure and high drilling speed, is suitable for working under water pressure with over 10 meters of super-large diameter and kilometer-level depth, can drill rectangular and round well holes, and can be applied to underground continuous wall slot milling machines, vertical shaft drilling machines, vertical shaft heading machines, mine disaster emergency rescue drilling machines and submersible drilling machines. The invention also discloses a using method of the non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation drilling rigs, in particular to a non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drilling rig. The invention also discloses a using method of the non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill.
Background
The existing diving drilling machine, underground diaphragm wall double-wheel slot milling machine, shaft drilling machine, shaft heading machine and mine rescue drilling machine are all bit rotary drilling schemes, rotary power is transmitted to a bit through a motor and a speed reducer, when the size of a drilling well is large, the structure is complex and heavy, the transmission rotary torque is too small, the speed reducer is difficult to seal underwater, the impact force of the bit causes the speed reducer to be easily abraded, the drilling mode of extrusion crushing causes the drilling speed of hard rock to be very slow, and the underwater drilling machine cannot adapt to ultra-large diameter large-size and ultra-deep underwater drilling. So far, the world is still in a normal state of 'easy going to the sky and difficult going to the earth', some special projects need to be oversized in diameter and depth of kilometer level, problems of serious underground water burst, collapse and hard rocks need to be solved, and drilling construction is very difficult. For example, a submersible drilling machine has small torque, easy damage of sealing, small drilling depth and small diameter; the underwater speed reducer of the underground continuous wall double-wheel slot milling machine is difficult to seal, the output torque is very small, the speed reducer is worn quickly, the maintenance cost is high, the water pressure resistance is limited to the depth of hundreds of meters, and the drilling is difficult when hard rocks are encountered; the equipment in the shaft of the shaft boring machine is difficult to seal and stop water, the water pressure tolerance is not more than 100 meters deep, a large amount of time and huge cost are needed for advanced grouting and water stopping, the shaft supporting speed is slow, unmanned construction in the shaft cannot be realized, and the safety risk is high and the cost is high; the shaft drilling machine is heavy in drilling rod, time and labor are consumed when the shaft drilling machine drills down and lifts, a bit cone is quickly abraded, the drilling rod is easy to break, the drilling head is easy to fall off, and the drilling efficiency is extremely low; the drilling diameter of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer mine disaster emergency rescue drilling machine is not more than 1 meter, the size is difficult to ensure rescue requirements, the rotary drill rod and the drill bit cannot realize directional drilling, a pilot hole must be drilled before a rescue well drills, a long time is spent, and precious gold rescue time is lost. At present, the economic construction needs to solve the technical problems and improve the drilling equipment technology of large-diameter, large-size, ultra-deep well bores and high-strength rock strata, so as to meet various increasing construction requirements of deep foundation, underground space development, drilling, mining, shaft construction, underground energy storage, national defense, mine disaster emergency rescue drilling and the like.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a technical solution for rock and soil drilling equipment that has a simple and durable structure, low manufacturing cost, an oversized drilling hole diameter or size, a fast drilling speed, and capability of directional drilling, and is suitable for drilling under ultra-deep water and in complex environments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drilling machine, the drilling bit of the non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drilling machine adopts a linear reciprocating swinging drilling mode on the bottom surface of a well hole, and the non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drilling machine has the advantages of simple, reliable and durable structure, huge swinging force, ultrahigh carrying power, ultrahigh drilling speed of a hard rock stratum, capability of directional drilling, capability of adapting to work under the environment with the large diameter of more than 10 meters, the large size of more than kilometer, deep underwater with dust and moist high temperature, capability of drilling rectangular or circular well holes or annular core drilling, and capability of being applied to a diving drilling machine, an underground continuous wall slotter, a vertical well drilling machine, a vertical well heading machine and a mine disaster emergency rescue drilling machine.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a method of using such a non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill, with high drilling efficiency and low cost.
In order to achieve the first object of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is: a non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill, comprising: the device comprises a cluster down-the-hole hammer, a guide frame, a swing driving device, a steel wire rope, an air inlet pipe, a hydraulic oil pipe, a slag discharge pipe, an exhaust pipe, a main crane, an air compressor, a slurry purifier, a pin shaft, a single down-the-hole hammer, a drill bit, a slag inlet, a deviation correcting plate and a well wall;
the cluster down-the-hole hammers are paired and are linearly and symmetrically arranged in a separated manner in one direction on the bottom surface of the well hole, and swing spaces of the cluster down-the-hole hammers are reserved among the cluster down-the-hole hammers; the cluster down-the-hole hammer is movably mounted at the bottom of the guide frame through the pin shaft, the swing driving device is connected with the cluster down-the-hole hammer and the guide frame in a hinged mode, a hydraulic oil cylinder on the swing driving device telescopically drives the cluster down-the-hole hammer to synchronously and symmetrically swing in pairs in a reciprocating mode, the swing range of the cluster down-the-hole hammer is controlled by the guide frame, the outer side of the cluster down-the-hole hammer swings to reach the well wall, and the inner side of the cluster down-the-hole hammer swings to enable the two cluster down-the-hole hammers to be completely close to each other;
the drill bits on the cluster down-the-hole hammer are transversely and continuously arranged in the swing direction of the cluster down-the-hole hammer, and the transverse spacing of the drill teeth of the drill bits is about 20 mm, so that rock between the drill bits is completely crushed;
the main crane suspends the top end of the guide frame through the steel wire rope; the guide frame is matched with the well wall in size, the periphery of the guide frame is kept close to and can slide, and the deviation correcting plates are arranged on the periphery of the upper end and the lower end of the guide frame;
the steel wire rope, the air inlet pipe, the hydraulic oil pipe, the slag discharge pipe and the exhaust pipe are suspended in parallel in a well hole and are automatically controlled to be lifted synchronously by a drilling machine;
the upper end of the air inlet pipe is connected with the air compressor, the lower end of the air inlet pipe enters a well hole, and the guide frame is connected with an air inlet of the single down-the-hole hammer on the cluster down-the-hole hammer;
the upper end of the hydraulic oil pipe is connected with a hydraulic pipeline on the main crane, the lower end of the hydraulic oil pipe enters a well hole, and the guide frame is connected with a hydraulic oil cylinder on the swing driving device;
the upper end of the deslagging pipe is connected with the mud purifier, and the lower end of the deslagging pipe enters a well hole and penetrates through the guide frame and the interior of the cluster down-the-hole hammer to be communicated with the slag inlet;
the upper end of the exhaust pipe is open to the atmospheric environment, and the lower end of the exhaust pipe enters a well hole, penetrates through the guide frame, enters the cluster down-the-hole hammer and is connected with the exhaust hole of the single down-the-hole hammer.
In the scheme, the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer is rectangular or semicircular in shape.
In the above scheme, the drill bit bottom of each single down-the-hole hammer on the cluster down-the-hole hammer is free of exhaust holes, the exhaust holes are formed in the outer side surface of the impactor of the single down-the-hole hammer, the exhaust holes of each single down-the-hole hammer are communicated with the exhaust pipe, exhaust is exhausted to the atmosphere outside the well hole through the exhaust pipe, and exhaust of the cluster down-the-hole hammer is kept and cannot be exhausted into the well hole.
In the scheme, the guide frame is provided with the inclinometer and the azimuth finder, the space attitude parameters of the guide frame are measured in real time, the drilling machine instructs the deviation correction plate to stretch and retract to change the drilling direction of the drilling machine, and the drilling direction is guided or corrected in real time, so that the directional drilling function of the drilling machine is realized.
To achieve the second object of the present invention, there is provided a method of using a non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill of the above kind, characterized by: comprises the following steps of (a) preparing a solution,
step one;
synchronously lowering the guide frame, the steel wire rope, the air inlet pipe, the hydraulic oil pipe, the slag discharge pipe and the exhaust pipe to enable the cluster down-the-hole hammer to be in contact with the bottom surface of the well hole, and guiding the drilling direction of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) or correcting the direction by the guide frame; the deviation rectifying method comprises the following steps: the drilling machine measures the space attitude parameters of the guide frame in real time according to the inclinometer and the azimuth instrument, instructs the deviation rectifying plate to stretch and retract, and slowly changes the direction of the guide frame to rectify the deviation;
step two;
starting the swing driving device to drive the cluster down-the-hole hammer to linearly and symmetrically swing back and forth along one direction of the bottom surface of the well hole, enabling the cluster down-the-hole hammer to approach or separate in the range of the well hole, inputting high-pressure air to the cluster down-the-hole hammer through the air inlet pipe, enabling the drill bit to impact and smash rock soil, enabling drilling slag to be discharged out of the well hole through the slag discharge pipe in a reverse circulation mode through a mud or air medium, enabling the drilling mud to be discharged in a loose covering stratum in a reverse circulation mode, enabling the purified mud to return to the well hole, and enabling a mud protective wall to protect the well hole from hole collapse;
step three;
and synchronously lowering the guide frame, the drill rod, the air inlet pipe, the hydraulic oil pipe, the slag discharge pipe and the exhaust pipe along with drilling until drilling is finished.
In the scheme, the shape of the cluster down-the-hole hammer is rectangular or semicircular, or semicircular and annular; the cross section of the drilled well hole is rectangular or approximately circular, or a core is reserved for the shape of a ring;
and when the cluster down-the-hole hammer is in a semicircular ring shape, the borehole is annularly cut to take out the rock core.
In the second step of the scheme, when the drilled hole is a water-wet hole, high-pressure air is input into the slag inlet pipe at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer to form mud gas-lift reverse circulation slag discharge;
when the drill hole is a waterless dry hole, an air jet nozzle which sprays inwards is arranged in a slag inlet pipe at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer, high-pressure air is input, an air jet-suction effect is generated, the drill slag is sucked into the slag discharge pipe and discharged out of a well hole, and air reverse circulation slag discharge is formed;
when the drilling is shallow hole drilling, an air jet nozzle which sprays inwards is arranged in the slag inlet pipe at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer, high-pressure air is input, an air jet-suction effect is generated, mud and drilling slag are sucked into the slag discharge pipe, and air jet-suction mud reverse circulation slag discharge is formed.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) The drilling machine has the advantages of simple and durable structure, low manufacturing cost and long maintenance period;
(2) The swing driving force of the drilling machine is overlarge, and the drilling machine can drill a large-size well hole with an overlarge diameter of more than 10 meters;
(3) The swing driving device of the drilling machine can be a hydraulic oil cylinder, can bear the water pressure of thousands of meters of water depth, avoids the problems of difficult sealing and water pressure intolerance of the rotary driving device, and can work in the environment of deep water or dust moisture and high temperature of thousands of meters;
(4) The drilling machine has a directional drilling function;
(5) The drilling tool of the invention does not rotate, the power pipeline and the slag discharge pipeline of the down-the-hole hammer and the drill rod or the steel wire rope of the down-the-hole hammer cannot be twisted, the pipeline is convenient to arrange for carrying out slag discharge in a mud reverse circulation mode or an air reverse circulation mode, and the application range of the down-the-hole hammer is widened.
In summary, compared with the prior art of a submersible drilling machine, an underground continuous wall double-wheel slot milling machine, a vertical shaft drilling machine, a vertical shaft heading machine and a mine rescue drilling machine, the non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drilling machine overcomes the defects of poor water pressure resistance, easy abrasion, low drilling speed, small drilling diameter and incapability of drilling a rectangular section, has the advantages of simple structure and low manufacturing cost, can drill an underwater borehole with a super-large diameter of more than 10 meters and a depth of kilometers, can work in a complex environment, can drill a rectangular or circular borehole or an annular core, has ultrahigh drilling speed, and can be applied to the submersible drilling machine, the underground continuous wall slot milling machine, the vertical shaft drilling machine, the vertical shaft heading machine and the mine emergency rescue drilling machine.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a drilling rig according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic elevation view of the cluster down-the-hole hammer of the present invention swung into position against the borehole wall;
FIG. 3 is a schematic elevation view of the cluster down-the-hole hammers of the present invention swinging to a position of being close to each other;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the rectangular cluster down-the-hole hammer of the present invention swinging to the borehole wall position;
FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of a rectangular cluster down-the-hole hammer of the present invention swung into a closed position;
FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a semi-circular cluster down-the-hole hammer according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of the semicircular cluster down-the-hole hammer of the present invention swinging to the borehole wall position;
FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view of the semi-circular cluster down-the-hole hammer of the present invention swinging to a closed position;
FIG. 9 is a schematic comparison of a semi-circular cluster down-the-hole hammer of the present invention drilling a completed well bore shape versus a standard circle;
in the drawings, FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view of the semi-circular cluster down-the-hole hammer of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic plan view of the semicircular annular cluster down-the-hole hammer of the present invention swinging to close;
FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view of a semicircular cluster down-the-hole hammer of the present invention swinging to a borehole wall position;
FIG. 13 is a schematic plan view of the semicircular cluster down-the-hole hammer of the present invention drilling a completed borehole wall cross-section.
In the figure, 1-cluster down-the-hole hammer, 2-guide frame, 3-swing driving device, 4-steel wire rope 5-air inlet pipe, 6-hydraulic oil pipe, 7-slag discharge pipe, 8-exhaust pipe, 9-main crane, 10-air compressor, 11-mud purifier, 12-pin shaft, 13-single down-the-hole hammer, 14-drill bit, 15-slag inlet, 16-deviation correcting plate, 17-well wall; a, drilling a well wall of a finished well hole, and B, forming a standard circular line; c-outer well wall, D-inner well wall and E-core.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, but are merely exemplary. While the advantages of the invention will be apparent and readily appreciated by the description.
With reference to the accompanying drawings: a non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill and a using method thereof comprise 1-a cluster down-the-hole hammer, 2-a guide frame, 3-a swing driving device, 4-a steel wire rope, 5-an air inlet pipe, 6-a hydraulic oil pipe, 7-a slag discharge pipe, 8-an exhaust pipe, 9-a main crane, 10-an air compressor, 11-a slurry purifier, 12-a pin shaft, 13-a single down-the-hole hammer, 14-a drill bit, 15-a slag inlet, 16-a deviation rectifying plate and 17-a well wall;
the cluster down-the-hole hammers 1 are paired and are linearly and symmetrically arranged in a separated manner in one direction of the bottom surface of the well hole, and swing spaces are reserved among the cluster down-the-hole hammers. One end of the swing driving device 3 is hinged to the guide frame 2, the other end of the swing driving device is hinged to the driving cluster down-the-hole hammer 1, a hydraulic oil cylinder on the swing driving device 3 stretches out and draws back under the control of the drilling machine to apply pushing force or pulling force to the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 and provide tangential force required by the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 for rock drilling, and the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 rotates and swings around the pin shaft 12 in a reciprocating mode. The drill bits 14 of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 are transversely and continuously arranged in the swinging direction of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1, and the transverse spacing of the drill teeth of the drill bits 14 is about 20 mm, so that rock between the drill teeth is completely crushed. The swing driving device 3 enables the paired cluster down-the-hole hammers 1 to synchronously and symmetrically swing back and forth, the outer sides of the cluster down-the-hole hammers 1 swing to reach the well wall 17, and the inner sides swing to be close to each other, so that rock soil on the bottom surface of the well hole is completely impacted by the drill bit 14 to be drilled. The drilling impact power of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is provided by high-pressure air conveyed by an air inlet pipe 5, the bit pressure of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is provided by the dead weight of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 and the guide frame 2, the bit pressure is controlled by the lifting force exerted on the top end of the guide frame 2 by the steel wire rope 4, and the drilling impact power is adjusted by the tensile force of the steel wire rope 4 according to the requirements of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 and rock drilling parameters.
The guide frame 2 and the bunching down-the-hole hammer 1 do not rotate in the drilling and lifting process all the time in the drilling axis direction, the steel wire rope 4, the air inlet pipe 5, the hydraulic oil pipe 6, the slag discharge pipe 7 and the exhaust pipe 8 are arranged in parallel in a suspended manner in a well hole, and the drilling machine is controlled to synchronously lift and relatively stand without twisting friction damage.
The bottom of a drill bit 14 of each single down-the-hole hammer 13 on the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is not provided with an exhaust hole, the exhaust hole is arranged on the outer side surface of an impactor of the single down-the-hole hammer 13, the exhaust hole of each single down-the-hole hammer 13 is communicated with the exhaust pipe 8, exhaust is discharged to the atmosphere outside a well hole through the exhaust pipe 8, and exhaust of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is kept and cannot be discharged into the well hole.
The upper end of the slag discharging pipe 7 is connected with the slurry purifier 11, the lower end of the slag discharging pipe enters the well hole and penetrates through the guide frame 2, the interior of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 and is communicated with the slag inlet 15, and drilling slag is discharged out of the well hole through the slag discharging pipe 7 in a reverse circulation mode by using a slurry or air medium. When the drill hole is a wet hole, high-pressure air is input into a slag inlet 15 pipe at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 to form mud gas lift reverse circulation slag discharge. When the drill hole is a dry hole, an air jet nozzle which sprays inwards is arranged in a slag inlet 15 pipe at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1, high-pressure air is input, an air jet suction effect is generated, and the drill slag is sucked into a slag discharge pipe 7, so that air reverse circulation slag discharge is formed. When the drilling is shallow hole drilling, an air jet nozzle which sprays inwards is arranged in a slag hole 15 pipe at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1, high-pressure air is input, an air jet suction effect is generated, mud and drilling slag are sucked into a slag discharge pipe 7, and air jet suction mud reverse circulation slag discharge is formed.
In a loose overburden stratum, the drilling adopts reverse circulation of slurry to discharge slag, and the purified slurry returns to a well hole, so that the whole exhaust of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 cannot be discharged into the well hole, the slurry retaining wall cannot be influenced by the exhaust, the well hole is kept not to collapse by adopting the slurry retaining wall, and the problem that huge retaining tube follow-up cost is consumed in prolonging the construction period by adopting a full retaining tube follow-up is avoided.
The guide frame 2 has a certain length, the size is matched with the size of the well wall 17, the periphery of the guide frame is tightly attached to each other and can slide, an inclinometer and an azimuth instrument are installed on the guide frame 2, a plurality of deviation rectifying plates 16 are installed on the periphery of the upper end and the lower end of the guide frame 2, and the posture of the guide frame 2 guides the forward trend of the drilling direction of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 along the extension line of the guide frame under the clamping of the well wall 17, so that the function of guiding the drilling direction is realized. The directional drilling or drilling direction correcting method comprises the following steps: the drilling machine measures the space attitude parameters of the guide frame 2 according to the inclinometer and the azimuth finder, instructs the deviation correcting plates 16 to stretch, enables different deviation correcting plates 16 on the guide frame 2 to apply thrust to the well wall, adjusts the guide direction of the guide frame 2 to change the current drilling direction, and achieves the directional drilling or deviation correcting function.
The shape of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is rectangular or semicircular ring. Referring to fig. 4 and 5, when the shape of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is rectangular, the cross-sectional shape of the drilled hole is rectangular. As shown in fig. 6, 7, 8 and 9, when the shape of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is a semicircle, the cross-sectional shape of the drilled hole is an approximate standard circle. According to the attached drawings 10, 11, 12 and 13, when the shape of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is semicircular, the cross section of a drilled well hole is in an approximately standard circular ring shape to form a circular core, so that the segmented core drilling process is realized, the volume of broken rocks is reduced, and the cost is saved.
The cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is driven by the swing driving device 3 to swing and drill, the mechanical mechanism in a well hole is simple, the swing driving device 3 is a telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder, the hydraulic oil cylinders of the swing driving device 3 can be multiple groups, the size is small, the structure is simple and durable, huge swing power can be provided, and the cluster down-the-hole hammer can drill an oversized well hole with the diameter size of more than 10 meters. The swing driving device 3 is provided with an inner and outer bidirectional sealing ring on a telescopic oil cylinder, and can reach high inner and outer sealing pressure which is 30-50 MPa sealing pressure. The single down-the-hole hammer 13 is internally provided with a check valve to prevent silt from entering the down-the-hole hammer, and the drilling depth recorded by engineering practice reaches more than 4000 meters. The down-the-hole hammer can carry high-power aerodynamic force, impact energy is high, impact frequency is high, and drilling speed is ultra-fast. The down-the-hole hammer adopts high-pressure gas as an impact power transmission medium, can be conveyed to the down-the-hole hammer from the ground outside a well hole through a large-flow pipeline for a super-long distance, has few conveying links and low power super-large loss, is suitable for thousands of meters of depth underwater drilling work, and can be applied to super-deep shaft construction machinery. The single down-the-hole hammer 13 exhaust hole in the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is arranged on the outer surface of the impactor and communicated with the atmospheric environment through the exhaust pipe 8, and the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 forms closed gas reverse circulation, so that the exhaust pressure of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is reduced to the minimum, the impact energy efficiency is kept to the maximum, and the cluster down-the-hole hammer is suitable for kilometer deep well drilling.
The aerodynamic force of the single down-the-hole hammer 13 is directly transmitted to the single down-the-hole hammer 13 through the air inlet pipe 5 for impact drilling, the transmission path of the aerodynamic force is direct, the transmission power is not limited by a mechanical structure, the transmission power can be large, the number of the single down-the-hole hammers 13 is large, the high-frequency impact bearing power is large, the drilling speed of hard rock is very high, the energy efficiency is high, and the drilling speed of the drilling machine is ultrahigh.
With reference to the accompanying drawings: the method of using a non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill of the type described above, includes the steps of,
step one
Synchronously lowering a guide frame 2, a steel wire rope 4, an air inlet pipe 5, a hydraulic oil pipe 6, a slag discharge pipe 7 and an exhaust pipe 8 to enable the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 to be in contact with the bottom surface of the well hole, and guiding the drilling direction of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 or correcting the direction by the guide frame 2; the deviation rectifying method comprises the following steps: the drilling machine measures the space attitude parameters of the guide frame 2 according to the inclinometer and the azimuth finder, and instructs the deviation correction plate 16 to correct the deviation through stretching;
step two
Starting a swing driving device 3 to drive the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 to linearly and symmetrically swing back and forth along one direction of the well bottom, approaching or separating the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 in the well hole range, inputting high-pressure air into the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1, impacting and chiseling rock and soil by a drill bit 14, discharging drilling slag out of the well hole through a slag discharge pipe 7 in a reverse circulation mode by using a mud or air medium, drilling in a loose overburden stratum by using mud reverse circulation to discharge slag, returning the purified mud to the well hole, and protecting the well hole from hole collapse by using a mud protective wall;
step three
And synchronously lowering the guide frame 2, the drill rod 4, the air inlet pipe 5, the hydraulic oil pipe 6, the slag discharge pipe 7 and the exhaust pipe 8 along with drilling until drilling is finished.
In the third step of the scheme, when the drill hole is a wet hole, high-pressure air is input into an air nozzle in a slag inlet 15 pipe at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1, and high-pressure air is input to form mud gas lift reverse circulation slag discharge;
when the drill hole is a dry hole without water, an air jet nozzle which sprays inwards is arranged in a slag inlet 15 pipe at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1, high-pressure air is input, an air jet-suction effect is generated, the drill slag is sucked into a slag discharge pipe 7 and discharged out of the drill slag, and air reverse circulation slag discharge is formed;
when the drilling is shallow hole drilling, an air jet nozzle which is internally sprayed is arranged in a slag inlet 15 pipe at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1, high-pressure air is input, an air jet suction effect is generated, mud and drilling slag are sucked into a slag discharge pipe 7, the mud and the drilling slag are discharged, and air jet suction mud reverse circulation slag discharge is formed.
In order to more clearly illustrate the advantages of a non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill and method of use of the same of the present invention over the prior art, a comparison of the two solutions is made as follows:
as can be seen from the above table, compared with the prior art, the non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill and the using method thereof have the advantages of good sealing performance, simple and durable equipment structure, high drilling efficiency and suitability for working in ultra-large diameter, ultra-deep underwater and complex geological environments.
Other parts not described belong to the prior art.
Claims (7)
1. A non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill, comprising: the device comprises a cluster down-the-hole hammer (1), a guide frame (2), a swing driving device (3), a steel wire rope (4), an air inlet pipe (5), a hydraulic oil pipe (6), a slag discharge pipe (7), an exhaust pipe (8), a main crane (9), an air compressor (10), a slurry purifier (11), a pin shaft (12), a single down-the-hole hammer (13), a drill bit (14), a slag inlet (15), a deviation correcting plate (16) and a well wall (17);
the cluster down-the-hole hammers (1) are arranged in a linearly symmetrical and separated manner in one direction on the bottom surface of the well hole, and swing spaces of the cluster down-the-hole hammers (1) are reserved between the cluster down-the-hole hammers; the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) is movably mounted at the bottom of the guide frame (2) through the pin shaft (12), the swing driving device (3) is hinged with the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) and the guide frame (2), a hydraulic oil cylinder on the swing driving device (3) telescopically drives the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) to synchronously and symmetrically swing in a reciprocating manner, the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) swings under the guide of the guide frame (2), the outer side of the cluster down-the-hole hammer reaches the well wall (17), and the inner sides of the cluster down-the-hole hammer swing to be completely close to each other;
the drill bits (14) on the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) are transversely and continuously arranged in the swinging direction of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1), and the transverse spacing of the drill teeth of the drill bits (14) is about 20 mm, so that the rock between the transverse drill teeth is completely crushed;
the main crane (9) suspends the top end of the guide frame (2) through the steel wire rope (4); the guide frame (2) is matched with the well wall (17) in size, the periphery of the guide frame is kept close to the well wall and can slide in the drilling direction without rotating, and the periphery of the upper end and the lower end of the guide frame (2) is provided with the deviation rectifying plates (16);
the steel wire rope (4), the air inlet pipe (5), the hydraulic oil pipe (6), the slag discharge pipe (7) and the exhaust pipe (8) are suspended and arranged in parallel in a well hole, and are automatically controlled by a drilling machine to lift synchronously;
the upper end of the air inlet pipe (5) is connected with the air compressor (10), the lower end of the air inlet pipe enters a well hole, and the guide frame (2) is connected with an air inlet of the single down-the-hole hammer (13) on the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1);
the upper end of the hydraulic oil pipe (6) is connected with a hydraulic pipeline on the main crane (9), and the lower end of the hydraulic oil pipe enters a well hole and penetrates through the guide frame (2) to be connected with a hydraulic oil cylinder on the swing driving device (3);
the upper end of the deslagging pipe (7) is connected with the mud purifier (11), and the lower end of the deslagging pipe enters a well hole and penetrates through the guide frame (2) and the interior of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) to be communicated with the slag inlet (15);
the upper end of the exhaust pipe (8) is open to the atmospheric environment, and the lower end of the exhaust pipe enters a well hole to penetrate through the guide frame (2) and the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) to be communicated with the exhaust hole of the single down-the-hole hammer (13).
2. A non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) is rectangular or semicircular in shape.
3. A non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: every on the latent hole hammer of bundling (1) monomer (13) drill bit (14) bottom does not have the exhaust hole, and the exhaust hole sets up the lateral surface of the impacter of monomer latent hole hammer (13), every the exhaust hole of monomer latent hole hammer (13) with blast pipe (8) intercommunication, the exhaust passes through blast pipe (8) are discharged into the external atmospheric environment of well hole, keep latent hole hammer of bundling (1) exhaust can not be discharged into the well hole.
4. A non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill according to claim 1, wherein: an inclinometer and an azimuth finder are arranged on the guide frame (2), the space attitude parameters of the guide frame (2) are measured in real time, the deviation correcting plate (16) is guided to stretch and retract to change the drilling direction of the drilling machine, the drilling direction is guided or corrected in real time, and the directional drilling function of the drilling machine is realized.
5. A method of using a non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
step one;
synchronously lowering the guide frame (2), the steel wire rope (4), the air inlet pipe (5), the hydraulic oil pipe (6), the slag discharge pipe (7) and the exhaust pipe (8), contacting the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) with the bottom surface of a well hole, and guiding the drilling direction of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) or correcting the direction by the guide frame (2); the deviation rectifying method comprises the following steps: the inclinometer and the azimuth finder on the guide frame (2) measure the space attitude parameters of the guide frame (2) in real time, guide the deviation rectifying plate (16) to change the real-time direction change of the guide frame (2), guide the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) to change the drilling direction for deviation rectification, and realize the directional drilling function of the drilling machine.
Step two;
starting the swing driving device (3) to drive the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) to linearly, synchronously, symmetrically and reciprocally swing in one direction on the bottom surface of the well hole, enabling the cluster down-the-hole hammer to approach or separate in the range of the well hole, inputting high-pressure air into the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1), enabling the drill bit (14) to impact and smash rock and soil, enabling drill residues to be discharged out of the well hole through the slag discharge pipe (7) in a reverse circulation mode through mud or air media;
in the stratum with the loose covering layer, the drilling adopts the reverse circulation of the slurry to remove slag, the purified slurry returns to the well hole, and the slurry protection wall is adopted to protect the well hole from hole collapse;
step three;
the guide frame (2), the drill rod (4), the air inlet pipe (5), the hydraulic oil pipe (6), the slag discharge pipe (7) and the exhaust pipe (8) are synchronously lowered along with drilling until drilling is completed.
6. Use of a non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill according to claim 5, wherein: the shape of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) is rectangular or semicircular, or semicircular and annular; the cross section of the drilled well hole is rectangular or approximately circular, or a core is reserved in an annular mode;
and when the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) is in a semicircular ring shape, the down-the-hole hammer is drilled in a circular cutting mode to take out the rock core.
7. The method of using a non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill according to claim 5, wherein:
in the second step, when the drilled hole is a water-wet hole, high-pressure air is input into the slag inlet (15) at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) to form mud gas-lift reverse circulation slag discharge, and the drilled slag and the mud are discharged out of a well hole through the slag discharge pipe (7);
when the drilled hole is a dry hole without water, an air jet nozzle which sprays inwards is arranged in a slag inlet (15) at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1), high-pressure air is input, an air jet suction effect is generated, and the drilled slag is sucked into the slag discharge pipe (7) and discharged out of a well hole, so that air reverse circulation slag discharge is formed;
when the drilling is shallow hole drilling, an air jet nozzle which sprays inwards is arranged in the slag inlet (15) at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1), high-pressure air is input, an air jet suction effect is generated to suck mud and drilling slag into the slag discharge pipe (7), air jet suction mud reverse circulation slag discharge is formed, and the drilling slag and the mud are discharged out of a well hole through the slag discharge pipe (7).
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211318881.2A CN115628006A (en) | 2022-10-26 | 2022-10-26 | Non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill and use method thereof |
| PCT/CN2023/126087 WO2024088229A1 (en) | 2022-10-26 | 2023-10-24 | Non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drilling machine and use method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211318881.2A CN115628006A (en) | 2022-10-26 | 2022-10-26 | Non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill and use method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115628006A true CN115628006A (en) | 2023-01-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211318881.2A Pending CN115628006A (en) | 2022-10-26 | 2022-10-26 | Non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill and use method thereof |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN115628006A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024088229A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024088229A1 (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2024-05-02 | 武汉通途鑫路桥工程有限公司 | Non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drilling machine and use method thereof |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0932444A (en) * | 1995-07-24 | 1997-02-04 | Tomio Ota | Hammer shovel |
| HK1155608A2 (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2012-05-18 | Top Mark Mechanical Equipment Ltd | Method and apparatus for controlling the operation of cluster drill of down-the-hole hammers |
| CN110886579A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-03-17 | 上海工程机械厂有限公司 | Continuous wall down-the-hole hammer drilling tool |
| CN111441723A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-07-24 | 吉林大学 | Reverse circulation pipe following drilling construction device for large-diameter down-the-hole hammer |
| CN112196460B (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2023-10-27 | 李新形 | Underground diaphragm wall down-the-hole hammer grooving machine and use method thereof |
| CN112727373A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-04-30 | 李新形 | Drill rod rotation suspension type down-the-hole hammer drill and using method thereof |
| CN113107355A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-07-13 | 李新形 | Swinging and rotating mud reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill and use method thereof |
| CN113585958A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-02 | 李新形 | Telescopic drill rod reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill and use method thereof |
| CN113982473A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-01-28 | 李新形 | Linear oscillating down-the-hole hammer drill and use method thereof |
| CN115628006A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-01-20 | 武汉通途鑫路桥工程有限公司 | Non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill and use method thereof |
-
2022
- 2022-10-26 CN CN202211318881.2A patent/CN115628006A/en active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-10-24 WO PCT/CN2023/126087 patent/WO2024088229A1/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024088229A1 (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2024-05-02 | 武汉通途鑫路桥工程有限公司 | Non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drilling machine and use method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024088229A1 (en) | 2024-05-02 |
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