CN115627385B - Ti-Sn-based alloy with high damping and excellent mechanical properties, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Ti-Sn-based alloy with high damping and excellent mechanical properties, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115627385B CN115627385B CN202211300448.6A CN202211300448A CN115627385B CN 115627385 B CN115627385 B CN 115627385B CN 202211300448 A CN202211300448 A CN 202211300448A CN 115627385 B CN115627385 B CN 115627385B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
- B22D27/045—Directionally solidified castings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C13/00—Alloys based on tin
Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of Ti-Sn-based alloy preparation, and particularly relates to a Ti-Sn-based alloy with high damping and excellent mechanical properties, and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the binary alloy consists of metallic titanium and tin, wherein the metallic tin is 10-30 at% of the total alloy atoms, and the balance is titanium. The Ti-Sn-based high damping alloy material with high damping characteristics and excellent mechanical properties overcomes the problem of larger brittleness of the material, has high damping characteristics, has wider application fields, and particularly plays a role in micro-vibration inhibition in special fields such as aerospace, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of Ti-Sn-based alloy preparation, and particularly relates to a Ti-Sn-based alloy with high damping and excellent mechanical properties, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the wide application of high-precision spacecrafts such as high-resolution remote sensing satellites and the like in the fields of deep space exploration, communication and the like, the working tasks and the working loads are gradually complicated, the precision requirements are also higher and higher, the micro-vibration of the satellite structure becomes an important factor affecting the high-precision performance of the precision load, and the research of related micro-vibration suppression technology is also greatly focused by people. Compared with the traditional method, the micro-vibration suppression technology based on the damping material directly starts from a vibration source, the mechanical vibration energy of the material is irreversibly converted into other forms of energy such as heat energy through an internal mechanism, the response speed is high, the system structure is simplified, and the method becomes an important technical means. Meanwhile, the light weight is also an important aspect of development of the spacecraft, so that the damping material is light weight and integrated in function, and a new thought for solving the micro-vibration of the spacecraft is realized.
Light Ti 3 The Sn alloy is a newer damping material, the highest damping value can reach 0.2 in a wide frequency range (1-100 KHz) -150 ℃, and is far greater than the maximum damping of 0.045 of TiNi shape memory alloy and the maximum damping of 0.052 of Mn-Cu alloy. And Ti is 3 Sn alloy has low specific gravity (-5 g/cm) 3 ) The very small amplitude dependence means that it can maintain a relatively high damping value even at very small strain amplitudes. Thus Ti is 3 The Sn alloy has great potential application value in the aspect of micro-vibration inhibition in the aerospace field.
However, ti is 3 The crystal structure of Sn alloy at room temperature is hexagonal D0 19 The lack of a sufficient slip system, the brittleness is very high, and the subsequent deformation treatment and processing application of the material are limited to a certain extent. If the brittleness of the alloy can be improved and the elongation of the material can be improved, the application range of the material can be enlarged, and the alloy has larger operation space in the subsequent treatments of rolling, forging and the like, and fully exerts Ti 3 The Sn-based high damping material has the application advantage of 'light weight and function integration' design.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the application is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the Ti-Sn-based alloy material with high damping and excellent mechanical properties. The material can exert high damping characteristic in micro-vibration inhibition in the field of aerospace and the like, and more importantly, the plasticity of the alloy can be effectively improved through the design and regulation of self microstructure, especially the application of a layered structure, and various problems in the aspects of post-deformation treatment, processing and the like of the material are solved.
The above object is achieved by the following preparation process:
a Ti-Sn-based alloy having both high damping and excellent mechanical properties, comprising:
the binary alloy consists of metallic titanium and tin, wherein the metallic tin is 10-30 at% of the total alloy atoms, and the balance is titanium.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a ternary alloy formed from metallic titanium, tin and a suitable amount of alloying elements;
wherein, the dosage of the metal tin is 10-30at.% of the total alloy atoms;
the amount of alloying element is 0-5at.% of total alloy atoms, 0-5at.% of titanium is replaced, and the balance is titanium.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the alloying element is any one of vanadium, nickel, chromium, molybdenum and niobium.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the Ti-Sn based alloy has large oriented grains and the size is 100-1000um.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the Ti-Sn based alloy is internally provided with a compact twin crystal lamellar structure, and the thickness of the single-layer structure is 0.5-5um.
The application also provides a preparation method of the Ti-Sn-based alloy with high damping and excellent mechanical properties, which comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing the raw materials according to the atomic dosage proportion, putting the mixture into a vacuum arc melting furnace for melting, vacuumizing, filling argon, controlling the air pressure in the furnace, and starting arc striking;
s2: firstly, slowly adding current to 100A, firstly melting titanium particles and tin particles on the surface layer, avoiding deviation of alloy components caused by tin loss, and then adding the current to 200A to avoid the influence on the accuracy of the alloy components due to too low loss of tin due to too low melting point; after the metal shows the flow state, the current is increased to 300A and kept for 3-5 minutes, so that the melt keeps a certain degree of superheat to ensure that the raw materials react fully;
s3: starting electromagnetic stirring to ensure even mixing of alloy components, repeatedly smelting the sample obtained in the step S2 for at least 5 times, and preparing an elongated round bar sample by adopting a suction casting die sample for directional solidification growth in the next step;
s4: and (3) placing the round bar sample into a cold crucible directional solidification furnace, vacuumizing, heating the round bar sample, and starting to pull downwards in a directional manner after the melt is overheated to the maximum, wherein the feeding volume and the pulling volume are ensured to be equal, so that the Ti-Sn-based alloy is obtained.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the S1 specifically is: putting the mixed raw materials into a vacuum arc melting furnace for preparing smelting, putting the mixed raw materials into a crucible, putting the crucible into the vacuum arc melting furnace for preparing smelting, and putting another crucible in the middle of the furnace for holding a titanium block for removing residual oxygen in the furnace; vacuumizing to 6E-3Pa, filling argon, controlling the air pressure in the furnace to be minus 0.05MPa, and starting arc striking.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the pulling speed in the step S6 is as slow as possible and is about 0.1-200 um/S.
The application also provides application of the Ti-Sn-based alloy with high damping and excellent mechanical properties in the field of preparing micro-vibration suppression materials.
The application has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the Ti-Sn-based high damping alloy material with high damping characteristics and excellent mechanical properties overcomes the problem of larger brittleness of the material, has high damping characteristics, has wider application fields, and particularly plays a role in micro-vibration inhibition in special fields such as aerospace and the like.
The preparation method disclosed by the application belongs to the vacuum arc melting technology combined with the directional solidification growth technology, and can regulate and control the microstructure of the Ti-Sn based alloy, mainly regulate and control the directional large crystal grains and the microstructure of the micro twin crystal plate layer inside the alloy, thereby improving the plasticity of the material.
The preparation method disclosed by the application has the advantages of simple preparation process, easiness in operation, time and energy conservation, no need of expensive die cost and suitability for large-scale industrial production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the internal consumption performance test of example 1 of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a tensile test of example 1 of the present application;
FIG. 3 shows the microstructure of example 1 of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the internal consumption performance test of example 2 of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a tensile test of example 2 of the present application;
FIG. 6 shows the microstructure of example 2 of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the internal consumption performance test of example 3 of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a tensile test of example 3 of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a microstructure of example 3 of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the internal consumption performance test of example 4 of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a tensile test of example 4 of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a microstructure of example 4 of the present application;
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein it is to be understood that the following detailed description is for the purpose of further illustrating the application only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application, as various insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the application to those skilled in the art can be made in light of the foregoing disclosure.
1. Material
The methods and apparatus used in the present application are conventional methods and apparatus known to those skilled in the art, and the materials used, such as reagents, are commercially available products, unless otherwise indicated.
2. Method of
2.1 binary alloy
2.1.1 example 1
The preparation method of the Ti-Sn based alloy of the embodiment is as follows:
step one: pure Ti and pure Sn are used as raw materials, and nominal components of Ti are prepared according to atomic ratio 75 Sn 25 Wherein, pure Ti:40.000g; pure Sn:33.058g, putting the mixed raw materials into a crucible, putting the crucible into a vacuum arc melting furnace for preparing to be melted, and putting another crucible in the middle of the furnace for holding a titanium block for later melting and deoxidizing. When vacuumizing, the mechanical pump is firstly opened to 5Pa, then the backing valve is opened, the vacuum pump is further opened to 5Pa, and finally the molecular pump is used for vacuumizing to 6E-3Pa. Then argon is filled and the air pressure in the furnace is controlled at-0.05 MPa, so that arc striking is facilitated.
Step two: the current is slowly added to 100A, titanium particles and tin particles on the surface layer are melted first, and then the current is increased to 200A, so that the problem that the accuracy of alloy components is affected due to too low loss of tin due to too low melting point is avoided. After the metal shows flow state, the current is increased to 300A and kept for 3-5 minutes, so that the melt keeps a certain degree of superheat to ensure the raw materials to fully react.
Step three: and (3) starting electromagnetic stirring, ensuring uniform mixing of alloy components, repeatedly smelting the sample for five times, and preparing an elongated round bar sample by adopting a suction casting die for the next directional solidification growth.
Step four: and (3) placing the Ti-Sn-based master alloy round bar into a cold crucible directional solidification furnace, vacuumizing, heating the round bar to ensure that the melt is overheated to the maximum, and then starting to pull downwards in a directional manner, wherein the feeding volume and the pulling volume are ensured to be equal, and the pulling speed is 0.1-200 um/s.
2.1.2 example 2
The preparation method of the Ti-Sn based alloy of the embodiment is as follows:
step one: pure Ti and pure Sn are used as raw materials, and nominal components of Ti are prepared according to atomic ratio 83.2 Sn 16.8 Wherein, pure Ti:48.000g; pure Sn:24.030g. Steps two-four are the same as 2.1.1.
2.1.3 binary alloy Performance analysis
2.1.3.1 microstructure
As seen from FIGS. 3 and 6, ti is used in example 1 75 Sn 25 And Ti in example 2 83.2 Sn 16.8 The alloy has large oriented grains with the size of 100-1000um, compact twin crystal lamellar structure inside, and single layer structure with the thickness of 0.5-5um.
2.1.3.2 internal consumption Properties
The alloys prepared in examples 1 and 2 were subjected to internal consumption performance test and tensile performance test by using a multifunctional inverted pendulum internal consumption instrument, and the test results are shown in fig. 1, 2, 4 and 5.
As can be seen from the accompanying drawings, the Ti prepared according to the present application 75 Sn 25 The elongation of (C) exceeds 60%, the plasticity is good, ti 83.2 Sn 16.8 The elongation of the rubber is 8 percent, and the rubber has certain plasticity; the damping coefficient of the two is more than 0.010, belongs to high damping alloy, and particularly has higher damping value at lower temperature.
2.2 ternary alloy
2.2.1 example 3
The preparation method of the Ti-Sn based alloy of the embodiment is as follows: step one: pure Ti, pure Sn and pure Mo are used as raw materials, and the nominal composition is prepared into Ti according to the atomic ratio 74.25 Sn 24.75 Mo 1 Wherein, pure Ti:37.165g; pure Sn:30.714g; pure Mo:1.003g, steps two-four are identical to 2.1.1.
2.2.2 example 4
The preparation method of the Ti-Sn based alloy of the embodiment is as follows:
step one: pure Ti, pure Sn and pure V (any one of vanadium, nickel, chromium, molybdenum and niobium) are used as raw materials, and the nominal composition is Ti according to the atomic ratio 74.25 Sn 24.75 V 1 Wherein, pure Ti:37.420g; pure Sn:30.925g; pure V:0.536g. Steps two-four are the same as 2.1.1.
2.2.3 ternary alloy Performance analysis
2.2.3.1 microstructure
As seen from FIGS. 9 and 12, ti is used in example 3 74.25 Sn 24.75 Mo 1 And Ti in example 4 74.25 Sn 24.75 V 1 The alloy has large oriented grains with the size of 100-1000um, compact twin crystal lamellar structure inside, and single layer structure with the thickness of 0.5-5um.
2.2.3.2 internal consumption performance
The alloys prepared in examples 3 and 4 were subjected to internal consumption performance test and tensile performance test by using a multifunctional inverted pendulum internal consumption meter, and the test results are shown in fig. 7, 8, 10 and 11.
As can be seen from the accompanying drawings, the Ti prepared according to the present application 74.25 Sn 24.75 Mo 1 The elongation rate of (2) exceeds 35%, the molding is good, ti is 74.25 Sn 24.75 V 1 The elongation rate of the steel also reaches 20%, the plasticity is good, and the steel is beneficial to other deformation treatment; the damping of the two is more than 0.010 in a low-temperature interval, belongs to high damping alloy and meets the application requirements.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are within the scope of the application.
Claims (5)
1. A Ti-Sn-based alloy having both high damping and excellent mechanical properties, comprising:
the Ti-Sn based alloy is a ternary alloy formed by metal titanium, tin and a proper amount of alloying elements, wherein the metal tin is 10-30at% of the total alloy atoms, the alloying elements are 0-5at%, and the balance is titanium;
the alloying element is any one of vanadium, chromium, molybdenum and niobium;
the Ti-Sn-based alloy has directional large grains with the size of 100-1000um;
the Ti-Sn based alloy has a compact twin crystal lamellar structure inside, and the thickness of the single-layer structure is 0.5-5um.
2. A method for preparing the Ti-Sn-based alloy with high damping and excellent mechanical properties as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1: mixing the raw materials according to the atomic dosage proportion, putting the mixture into a vacuum arc melting furnace for melting, vacuumizing, filling argon, controlling the air pressure in the furnace, and starting arc striking;
s2: slowly adding current to 100A, keeping the current to 200A after the titanium particles and tin particles on the surface layer are melted, and keeping the current to 300A for 3-5min after the metal shows flow state;
s3: starting electromagnetic stirring, repeatedly smelting the front and back of the sample obtained in the step S2 for at least 5 times, and preparing an elongated round bar sample by adopting a suction casting die sample;
s4: and (3) placing the round bar sample into a cold crucible directional solidification furnace, vacuumizing, heating the round bar sample, and starting to pull downwards in a directional manner after the melt is overheated to the maximum, wherein the feeding volume and the pulling volume are ensured to be equal, so that the Ti-Sn-based alloy is obtained.
3. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the step S1 is specifically: putting the mixed raw materials into a crucible, putting the crucible into a vacuum arc melting furnace for preparing melting, putting another crucible in the middle of the furnace for holding a titanium block, vacuumizing to 6E-3Pa, filling argon, controlling the air pressure in the furnace to be minus 0.05MPa, and starting arc striking.
4. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the pulling speed in S4 is 0.1-200 um/S.
5. The use of a Ti-Sn-based alloy of claim 1 having both high damping and excellent mechanical properties in the preparation of micro-vibration suppressing materials.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210988552 | 2022-08-17 | ||
| CN2022109885522 | 2022-08-17 |
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| CN115627385B true CN115627385B (en) | 2023-08-11 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009215650A (en) * | 2008-02-14 | 2009-09-24 | Tokyo Institute Of Technology | Shape memory alloy |
| CN102358925A (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2012-02-22 | 中国石油大学(北京) | High-strength and high-damping Ti3Sn/TiNi memory alloy composite material |
| CN104651829A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-05-27 | 湘潭大学 | Preparation methods of biomedical Ti-Sn coating alloy and medical dental alloy |
| CN109777985A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-05-21 | 华南理工大学 | High-strength and high damping NiTi base composite foam damping material and the preparation method and application thereof |
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- 2022-10-24 CN CN202211300448.6A patent/CN115627385B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009215650A (en) * | 2008-02-14 | 2009-09-24 | Tokyo Institute Of Technology | Shape memory alloy |
| CN102358925A (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2012-02-22 | 中国石油大学(北京) | High-strength and high-damping Ti3Sn/TiNi memory alloy composite material |
| CN104651829A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-05-27 | 湘潭大学 | Preparation methods of biomedical Ti-Sn coating alloy and medical dental alloy |
| CN109777985A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-05-21 | 华南理工大学 | High-strength and high damping NiTi base composite foam damping material and the preparation method and application thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Low frequency damping and ultrasonic attenuation in Ti3Sn-based alloys;Wong, C.R.等;《Journal of Materials Research》;第9卷(第6期);第1442页表1、1443页右栏第2段、图6、1447页右栏第2段 * |
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