CN115626785A - Method for fixing heavy metal zinc - Google Patents
Method for fixing heavy metal zinc Download PDFInfo
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- CN115626785A CN115626785A CN202211365904.5A CN202211365904A CN115626785A CN 115626785 A CN115626785 A CN 115626785A CN 202211365904 A CN202211365904 A CN 202211365904A CN 115626785 A CN115626785 A CN 115626785A
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- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007723 die pressing method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;silicon Chemical compound [Ca]=[Si] OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010067484 Adverse reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006838 adverse reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001678 gehlenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000120 microwave digestion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
- C04B7/43—Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting; Cooling
- C04B7/44—Burning; Melting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of heavy metal treatment, in particular to a method for fixing heavy metal by a ternary mineral system. Specifically, a zinc-containing raw material is used as raw meal powder for firing portland cement clinker, the mass ratio of calcium to silicon in the raw meal powder is controlled to be 1.5-1.8, and then calcination is carried out, wherein C is formed in the calcination process 2 S‑C 3 S 2 ‑C 2 AS ternary mineral system to fix heavy metal zinc. The ternary mineral system can obviously improve the curing capability of the silicate mineral system to heavy metal zinc, not only can enhance the curing strength, effectively reduce the volatilization of the fixed heavy metal, but also greatly improve the curing amount. Meanwhile, the ternary mineral system has the characteristic of low calcium similar to solid waste, can fully utilize the solid waste, reduce the pollution and damage of the solid waste to the environment, meet the basic principle of waste reduction, harmlessness and resource treatment in China, and accord with the concept of environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heavy metal treatment, in particular to a method for fixing heavy metal zinc.
Background
The zinc-containing solid waste has wide sources and high yield, and the solid waste such as electroplating sludge, tailing slag and the like contains a large amount of zinc elements, so that the zinc elements are easy to enrich in plants and enter food chains if the zinc elements are not properly treated, and then the zinc elements are enriched in human bodies to cause adverse reactions such as heavy metal zinc poisoning and the like.
At present, a plurality of researchers use zinc-containing solid wastes to fire common portland cement clinker to realize the solidification of heavy metal zinc and the resource utilization of wastes, and the cement kiln cooperatively disposed solid wastes have the advantages of high incineration temperature, long retention time, stable incineration state, small construction investment and the like, and can effectively dispose the solid wastes. However, the actual solid waste containing heavy metals generally has the characteristics of relatively low calcium content and high heavy metal content, and thus the mineral composition and the product quality of the cement clinker are affected, for example, the fixing effect on heavy metal components is poor, the heavy metal components are easy to volatilize, and the fixing strength is poor.
Research results show that when the mineral phase of the silicate system fixes heavy metal zinc, the higher the calcium content is, the stronger the fixing capacity is. Therefore, when the traditional silicate mineral is used for fixing heavy metal zinc, in order to improve the fixing capacity of the heavy metal zinc, the calcium content is often controlled to be high, the mass ratio of calcium to silicon of a raw material is up to 2.9-3.0, although the capacity of fixing the heavy metal zinc is improved to a certain degree, on one hand, the consumption of high-grade limestone is large, the resource is easy to exhaust, and on the other hand, the calcining temperature is high, so that the energy consumption for solidifying the heavy metal is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for fixing heavy metal zinc, which is used for overcoming the defect of poor solidifying capability of silicate mineral system to the heavy metal zinc in the prior art and realizing better solidifying effect to the heavy metal zinc.
The invention provides a method for fixing heavy metal zinc, which specifically comprises the following steps: using zinc-containing raw material as raw material powder for firing silicate cement clinker, controlling the mass ratio of calcium to silicon in the raw material powder to be 1.5-1.8, then calcining, and forming C in the calcining process 2 S-C 3 S 2 -C 2 AS ternary mineral system to fix heavy metal zinc.
In the present invention, said C 2 S is dicalcium silicate, i.e. 2CaO "SiO 2 ；C 3 S 2 Is a wollastonite, i.e. 3CaO 2SiO 2 ；C 2 AS is gehlenite, i.e. 2CaO "Al 2 O 3 〃SiO 2 。
The invention unexpectedly discovers that the calcium-silicon mass ratio can calcine the mineral phase C 3 S 2 Compared with the main silicate mineral phase such as C in ordinary portland cement 3 S and C 2 S, etc., lower calcium content, at synergistic C 2 S and C 2 AS formation C 2 S-C 3 S 2 -C 2 After the AS ternary mineral system, the solidifying amount of heavy metal zinc can be improved, the solidifying strength can be effectively enhanced, and the volatilization amount is reduced.
Subsequent research shows that C in the invention 2 S-C 3 S 2 -C 2 The AS ternary mineral system mainly cures the heavy metal zinc in the form that: (1) zn to C 2 S, forming interstitial solid solution in the mineral phase and the intermediate phase; (2) substitution of C in mineral systems by Zn atoms 3 S 2 One Ca atom of (A) forms Ca 2 ZnSi 2 O 7 And (4) minerals. Preferably, the temperature of the calcination is 1220 to 1290 ℃.
The conventional calcination temperature of the silicate mineral phase is generally 1300 to 1500 ℃, but the present invention has found that C is 2 S-C 3 S 2 -C 2 The firing temperature of the AS ternary mineral system is lower than that of the traditional silicate mineral system, and the energy consumption is favorably reduced.
Preferably, the raw meal powder has a silicon ratio of 1.9 to 5.6 and an aluminum ratio of 0.5 to 2.5.
More preferably, the silicon content is 1.9 to 2.5 and the aluminum content is 1.5 to 2.
Preferably, the raw meal powder comprises the following chemical components in parts by mass: caO 46.78-55.98 weight portions and SiO 2 28.41 to 33.25 portions of Al 2 O 3 4.01 to 10.55 portions.
Preferably, the zinc content is 0.5 to 3.0wt% based on the total mass of the raw meal powder.
Preferably, the zinc-containing raw material comprises limestone, fly ash, sandstone and iron powder.
Preferably, the zinc-containing raw material is zinc-containing solid waste.
Preferably, the zinc source in the zinc-containing raw material is a zinc salt or zinc oxide.
In the invention, the zinc-containing raw material has the characteristic of low calcium similar to that of zinc-containing solid waste, and a person skilled in the art can calcine the zinc-containing solid waste such as electroplating sludge, tailing slag and the like as the zinc-containing raw material by using the silicon-calcium mass ratio, the silicon rate and the aluminum rate which are described in the application according to actual conditions, and the effect of the method is equivalent to that of the embodiment of the application.
Preferably, the method for fixing the heavy metal zinc comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing a zinc-containing raw material of 180-230 meshes serving as raw material powder with water to obtain mixed slurry, then carrying out die pressing under the pressure of 5-10 MPa, and drying at constant temperature of 100-105 ℃ to obtain a raw material block;
(2) The green block is calcined at 1220-1290 ℃ and then quenched to room temperature.
Preferably, the liquid content of the mixed slurry is 10wt%.
Preferably, in the calcination process, the calcination conditions are: the initial temperature is room temperature, the temperature is raised to 1220 to 1290 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 to 15 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 0.5 to 2 hours.
The method for fixing the heavy metal zinc provided by the invention breaks through the limitation of the mineral system of the existing portland cement clinker by designing and adjusting the mixing ratio of the raw material powder. Particularly, by optimizing the calcium-silicon ratio (C/S) of raw meal powder and combining with relatively low calcination temperature, C capable of solidifying heavy metal zinc in the calcination process is finally obtained 2 S-C 3 S 2 -C 2 AS ternary mineral system. The ternary mineral system can effectively cure heavy metal zinc, has higher curing amount, can effectively reduce volatilization of the fixed heavy metal, and has higher curing strength. Meanwhile, the calcination temperature of the ternary mineral system is lower than that of the traditional silicate mineral phase, and the energy consumption is favorably reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 shows CaO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 Ternary phase diagram, wherein the filling region is C in the invention 2 S-C 3 S 2 -C 2 The AS ternary mineral system forms a subarea;
FIG. 2 is C provided by the present invention 2 S-C 3 S 2 -C 2 XRD pattern of AS ternary mineral system after solidifying heavy metal zinc.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, said C 2 S-C 3 S 2 -C 2 The AS ternary mineral system can fix zinc in various forms, such AS various zinc salts, and zinc oxide is generated after final calcination, so the following examples only describe the technical scheme and effect that the zinc source in the zinc-containing raw material is zinc oxide, but the fixing effect under other zinc sources is equivalent to that of zinc oxide, and will not be described again below.
Testing the content of heavy metal zinc element by using GB30760-2014 technical Specification for cement kiln co-processing solid waste;
the method for detecting the curing rate and retention rate of the heavy metal zinc comprises the following steps: and (3) carrying out acid-soluble microwave digestion on the fired mineral system, and testing the element content of heavy metal zinc in the digestion solution by using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICP), thereby obtaining the mass of zinc in the fired mineral system. The calculation formula of the heavy metal zinc solidification rate and retention rate is as follows:
CaO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 c in ternary phase diagram 2 S-C 3 S 2 -C 2 The AS ternary mineral system compositional region is shown in FIG. 1.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for fixing heavy metal zinc by a ternary mineral system, which comprises the following specific steps:
at C 2 S-C 3 S 2 -C 2 In the AS ternary mineral system composition subarea, the fixed aluminum rate is 2.0 and the calcium-silicon mass ratio is 1.7, raw material powder is accurately weighed according to the design proportion in the table 1, wherein 0.624g of zinc oxide is mixed and then placed in a planetary ball mill for grinding for 45min, so that the raw materials are uniformly mixed and ground until the raw materials completely pass through a 200-mesh square-hole sieve. Adding 10% deionized water into the sieved raw materials, stirring for 5min, transferring to a special mold, pressing under 6MPa to obtain a cylindrical sample with diameter of 60mm, and drying in a 105 deg.C constant temperature drying oven for at least 2 hr. And (3) moving the prefabricated raw material block into a high-temperature muffle furnace, setting the heating rate of 10 ℃/min to 1250 ℃, preserving the temperature for 0.5h, and then clamping out for quenching. The XRD pattern of the cured clinker is shown in figure 2. The raw meal powder component ratio, mineral composition content and zinc element fixing effect are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for fixing heavy metal zinc by a ternary mineral system, which comprises the following specific steps:
at C 2 S-C 3 S 2 -C 2 In the AS ternary mineral system composition subarea, the fixed silicon rate is 2.0, the calcium-silicon mass ratio is 1.7, raw material powder is accurately weighed according to the design proportion in the table 1, wherein the zinc oxide is 0.624g, the raw material powder is mixed and then placed in a planetary ball mill for grinding for 45min, and the raw material is uniformly mixed and ground until the raw material powder completely passes through a 200-mesh square-hole sieve. Adding 10% deionized water into the sieved raw material, stirring for 5min, transferring to a special mold, pressing under 6MPa to obtain cylindrical sample with diameter of 60mm, and drying in 105 deg.C drying oven for at least 2 hr. And (3) moving the prefabricated raw material block into a high-temperature muffle furnace, setting the heating rate of 10 ℃/min to 1250 ℃, preserving the temperature for 0.5h, and taking out for quenching. The raw meal powder ingredient ratio, mineral composition content and zinc element fixing effect are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for fixing heavy metal zinc by a ternary mineral system, which comprises the following specific steps:
at C 2 S-C 3 S 2 -C 2 In the AS ternary mineral composition subarea, the fixed aluminum rate is 1.5 and the silicon rate is 2, raw material powder is accurately weighed according to the design proportion of the table 1, wherein the zinc oxide is 0.624g, the raw material powder is mixed and then placed in a planetary ball mill for grinding for 45min, so that the raw material is uniformly mixed and ground until the raw material powder completely passes through a 200-mesh square-hole sieve. Adding 10% deionized water into the sieved raw materials, stirring for 5min, transferring to a special mold, pressing under 6MPa to obtain a cylindrical sample with diameter of 60mm, and drying in a 105 deg.C constant temperature drying oven for at least 2 hr. Transferring the prefabricated raw material block into a high-temperature muffle furnace, setting the temperature at 10 DEG CThe temperature rise rate per minute is increased to 1250 ℃, the temperature is preserved for 0.5h, and the quenching is carried out. The raw meal powder component ratio, mineral composition content and zinc element fixing effect are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
Example 4
This example is the same as the method described in example 1, except that: C/S =1.7, SM =2, IM =1.5 were selected, the calcination temperature was varied from 1220 to 1290 ℃, and the solidification rate of heavy metallic zinc in the batch was compared with the calcination temperature, and the results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4
Example 5
This example is the same as the method described in example 3, except that: C/S =1.7 is selected, 0.5-3.0 wt% of heavy metal zinc element is respectively introduced, and the results of comparing the curing rates of different heavy metal zinc content systems are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a method for fixing heavy metal zinc by a ternary mineral system, and the specific steps are the same as those in example 3, except that the mass ratio of calcium to silicon is 1.39. The test results showed that the zinc curing rate was 57.41% and the retention rate was 0.95%.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a method for fixing heavy metal zinc by a ternary mineral system, and the specific steps are the same as those in example 3, except that the mass ratio of calcium to silicon is 2.94. The test result shows that the mineral system is not burnt at the calcination temperature of 1250 ℃, a large amount of free calcium oxide exists, the solidification rate of zinc is reduced to 66.09%, and the retention rate is 0.94% due to the high calcium content.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for fixing heavy metal zinc is characterized in that a zinc-containing raw material is used as raw powder for firing portland cement clinker, the mass ratio of calcium to silicon in the raw powder is controlled to be 1.5-1.8, then calcination is carried out, and C is formed in the calcination process 2 S-C 3 S 2 -C 2 AS ternary mineral system to fix heavy metal zinc.
2. The method for fixing heavy metal zinc as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the calcination is 1220 to 1290 ℃.
3. The method for fixing heavy metal zinc according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the raw meal powder, the silicon ratio is 1.9 to 5.6 and the aluminum ratio is 0.5 to 2.5.
4. The method for fixing heavy metal zinc according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the raw meal comprises the following chemical components in parts by mass: caO 46.78-55.98 weight portions and SiO 2 28.41 to 33.25 portions of Al 2 O 3 4.01 to 10.55 portions.
5. The method for fixing heavy metal zinc according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the zinc content is 0.5 to 3.0wt% based on the total mass of the raw meal material.
6. The method for fixing heavy metal zinc of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the zinc-containing raw materials comprise limestone, fly ash, sandstone and iron powder.
7. The method for immobilizing heavy metal zinc of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the zinc-containing raw material is zinc-containing solid waste.
8. The method for fixing heavy metal zinc according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the zinc source in the zinc-containing raw material is zinc salt or zinc oxide.
9. A method for immobilizing heavy metal zinc according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing a zinc-containing raw material of 180-230 meshes serving as raw material powder with water to obtain mixed slurry, then carrying out die pressing under the pressure of 5-10 MPa, and drying at constant temperature of 100-105 ℃ to obtain a raw material block;
(2) The green block is calcined at 1220-1290 ℃ and then quenched to room temperature.
10. The method for fixing heavy metal zinc according to claim 9, wherein the liquid content of the mixed slurry is 10wt%.
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Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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