CN115626698A - Drinking water defluorinating agent and preparation and application methods thereof - Google Patents
Drinking water defluorinating agent and preparation and application methods thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- -1 fluorine ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 229960002713 calcium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- LLSDKQJKOVVTOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium chloride dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] LLSDKQJKOVVTOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940052299 calcium chloride dihydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006115 defluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000004042 dental fluorosis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010016818 Fluorosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000005374 Poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 2
- RKFMOTBTFHXWCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M [AlH2]O Chemical compound [AlH2]O RKFMOTBTFHXWCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000017667 Chronic Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000739 chronic poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5263—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using natural chemical compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/12—Halogens or halogen-containing compounds
- C02F2101/14—Fluorine or fluorine-containing compounds
Abstract
The invention provides a drinking water fluorine removal agent and a preparation and application method thereof, relating to the technical field of fluorine removal agents. The fluorine removal agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of chitosan solution, 25-40 parts of polyaluminium solid, 3-10 parts of calcium chloride solid and the balance of purified water. Calcium, acid and acidified chitosan solution have the effects of adsorbing and shielding other metal ions in water, polyhydroxy polynuclear obtained by hydrolyzing polyaluminium can perform the effects of ion exchange, electric neutralization, adsorption, rolling and sweeping and the like to stably and efficiently remove fluorine ions in water to be treated, chitosan of a macromolecular chain has the effect of coupling by force, so that fluorine-containing polyaluminium salt forms larger flocs, the fluorine ions are quickly separated from the treated water, and the effects of good stability and high-efficiency fluorine removal are achieved. The fluorine removing agent and the fluorine removing method adopt a one-step precipitation method, so that the fluorine ion content of the drinking water to be treated in the treated water meets the fluorine requirement in the national standard sanitary Standard for Drinking Water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment agents, in particular to a fluorine removal agent for drinking water treatment, and a preparation method and an application method of the fluorine removal agent for drinking water.
Background
The stock of fluorine in the earth crust is 0.072%, the ranking number of the existing quantity is 12, and the fluorine is one of elements widely distributed in nature and one of trace elements necessary for the human body. The lack of fluorine in human body is easy to cause dental caries, but the intake of excessive fluorine in human body can cause chronic poisoning of human body, generate a series of physical lesions, and cause chronic diseases seriously harming human health, mainly involving the damage of teeth and bones and affecting the systemic diseases of cardiovascular and nervous systems: children fluorosis is mainly manifested as dental fluorosis; adults are primarily characterized by fluorosis. Relevant data indicate that the main source of fluorine intake in human body is drinking water, which accounts for about 65% of fluorine intake in human body. Therefore, china has a clear regulation on the fluorine content of drinking water: the sanitary Standard for Drinking Water GB5749-2006 stipulates that the fluoride concentration in drinking water should not exceed 1.0mg/L, and it is considered that the fluorine content in drinking water is most suitable at 0.5 to 1.0 mg/L. At present, the situation that the content of fluoride in drinking water exceeds the standard widely exists in China, and particularly in some remote rural areas, the high-fluorine water drunk by people all the year round is harmful to the health of people. At present, no specific therapy is available for the poisoning phenomenon caused by long-term drinking of high-fluorine water at home and abroad, so that it is very important for people to drink healthy water sources.
There are two main ways to eliminate the phenomenon of drinking high-fluorine water: first, qualified water sources are used to replace high fluorine water, but the method has large investment and high requirement on the quality of the water sources. Secondly, high-fluorine water is directly purified and treated, so that the fluorine content in the water reaches the specification of GB5749-2006, and the method is small in investment, wide in application, simple and convenient. At present, the method for purifying high-fluorine water is mainly adopted at home and abroad.
At present, the field of drinking water defluorination mainly uses an adsorption method and a membrane filtration method. The adsorption method only has a small amount of adsorption materials with larger adsorption capacity, but the adsorption materials have the defects of high cost, long regeneration time, complex operation process, difficult management, operation and maintenance and the like; the membrane method for treating the high-fluorine wastewater also has the defects of high cost, easy scaling and blockage, difficult regeneration, high energy consumption and the like of a membrane filter element.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a drinking water defluorinating agent which is high in efficiency, stable in defluorination, safe, environment-friendly, low in treatment cost and simple in operation, and aims to solve the problems of high drinking water treatment cost, complex water treatment process and the like.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the drinking water fluorine removal agent comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of chitosan, 25-40 parts of polyaluminium, 3-10 parts of calcium chloride and the balance of purified water.
The drinking water defluorinating agent of the invention preferably can be: the fluorine removal agent comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of chitosan solution, 25-40 parts of polyaluminium solid, 3-10 parts of calcium chloride solid and the balance of purified water, wherein the chitosan solution is obtained by swelling the chitosan solid with acid with the pH = 0.5-3.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the drinking water defluorinating agent, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, adding a certain amount of acid into a 100mL volumetric flask, fixing the volume with purified water, shaking up, and preparing into an acid solution with the pH = 0.5-3;
step 2, adding 1-10 parts of chitosan into a container, adding 20-50 parts of the acid solution, stirring for swelling, and adding the acid solution for diluting to 100 parts to obtain a chitosan solution;
and 3, weighing 10-20 parts of chitosan solution, 25-40 parts of polyaluminium and 3-10 parts of calcium chloride, dissolving in 25-45 parts of purified water, adding purified water to 100 parts, mixing, standing, and aging at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain the drinking water defluorinating agent.
Further, in step 1, the acid includes one of acetic acid and citric acid.
Further, in step 3, the calcium chloride includes one of anhydrous calcium chloride and calcium chloride dihydrate.
Further, the polyaluminium in the step 3 comprises one of polyaluminium chloride and polyaluminium sulfate.
Further, the step 2 is as follows: adding 1-10 parts of chitosan into a beaker, adding 20-50 parts of the acid solution, stirring and swelling for 4-8h, adding the acid solution to dilute to 100 parts, and continuously stirring for 0.5-2h at the rotating speed of 150-250r/min to obtain the chitosan solution.
Further, 10-20 parts of chitosan solution, 25-40 parts of polyaluminum solid and 3-10 parts of calcium chloride are weighed and dissolved in 25-45 parts of purified water, stirred for 10-70min at the rotating speed of 150-200r/min, the purified water is added to 100 parts, mixed uniformly and kept stand overnight, and the drinking water defluorinating agent is obtained.
The invention also provides a use method of the drinking water defluorinating agent, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, weighing a certain amount of drinking water to be treated, and measuring the pH value and the fluorine content of the drinking water;
step 2, mixing the defluorinating agent and the drinking water to be pretreated to form defluorinating agent/water mixed solution with the mass concentration of 0.5-2.0 per mill;
step 3, stirring for 1-3min at the rotating speed of 100-150r/min, and standing for 2-10min;
and 4, filtering the precipitate, and measuring the concentration of the obtained fluorine ions in the supernatant, wherein if F is less than 1.0ppm, the fluorine ions reach the regulation of the sanitary standard of the drinking water.
Further, the step 4 is: filtering and precipitating at normal pressure, and measuring the concentration of the obtained fluorine ions in the supernatant, wherein if F is less than 1.0ppm, the fluorine ions reach the specification of the sanitary standard of the drinking water.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by using the defluorinating agent and the defluorinating method of the invention and adopting a one-step precipitation method, the fluoride ions in the inlet water can reach the standard that the fluoride ions in the outlet water are less than 1mg/L after being treated under the condition that the fluoride ions in the inlet water are less than 5 mg/L; compared with the traditional drinking water defluorination mode (adsorption method and membrane filtration method), the method has the advantages of simple defluorination operation, small dosage and low water treatment cost.
Detailed Description
The technical means of the present invention will be described in detail below.
The embodiment provides a drinking water fluorine removal agent, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of chitosan, 25-40 parts of polyaluminium, 3-10 parts of calcium chloride and the balance of purified water.
The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the fluorine removal agent comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of chitosan solution, 25-40 parts of polyaluminium solid, 3-10 parts of calcium chloride solid and the balance of purified water, wherein the chitosan solution is obtained by swelling the chitosan solid with acid with the pH = 0.5-3.
Among them, chitosan has unique superiority in drinking water treatment due to its nature, non-toxicity and safety. The stereoregularity and intermolecular hydrogen bonding of chitosan molecule make it difficult to dissolve in most organic solvents, water and alkali, but due to the amino group, in dilute acid, when H is present + Activity sufficiently equal to-NH 2 At a concentration of-NH 2 Protonation to-NH 3 + The stereoregularity and hydrogen bonds among molecules are destroyed, and-OH and water molecules are hydrated to cause the chitosan molecules to expand and dissolve, so acid is used;
the defluorinating agent for drinking water aims to treat water into water which is biologically and chemically safe to human bodies, and simultaneously, the turbidity, the chromaticity, the hardness, the smell and the like of the water have good feelings for people. The chitosan has unique superiority in drinking water treatment due to natural property, non-toxicity and safety. The specific molecular structure of the chitosan can effectively remove suspended matters, organic matters, color and smell in water, reduce the COD content in the water and reduce the generation of water poisoning side substances; in addition, the chitosan can effectively adsorb and remove algae substances in drinking water; can also inhibit the reproduction and growth of microorganisms in water to a certain extent, thereby having a certain sterilization effect. Due to the existence of free amino groups, chitosan has the property of cationic polyelectrolyte in an acid solution, so that the chitosan can be used as a coagulant for clarifying water, and a chitosan solution is selected.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the drinking water fluorine removal agent, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, adding a certain amount of acid into a volumetric flask, fixing the volume of purified water, shaking up, and preparing an acid solution with the pH = 0.5-3;
the acid in the step 1 comprises one of acetic acid and citric acid;
step 2, adding 1-10 (or 2 parts) parts of chitosan into a container (or a beaker or other containers), adding 20-50 parts (or 30 parts) of the acid solution, stirring and swelling for 4-8h (optimally 4.5 h), and adding the acid solution to dilute to 100 parts to obtain a chitosan solution; the stirring can be performed by using a magnetic stirrer, and the magnetic stirring has the advantage of more uniform stirring. The stirring speed can be 150-250r/min. In the step, the solubility can be improved at high temperature, the swelling speed is accelerated, but the chitosan can be degraded at elevated temperature, so 20 to 30 ℃ is generally preferred; the molecules of the chitosan have higher rigidity, the swelling speed is low, the swelling time is long, the swelling time is less than 4 hours, and the swelling is complete or uneven; after more than 8h, the swelling is good.
In addition, due to the fact that the chitosan has a certain viscosity after swelling, the chitosan is not uniformly swelled when the rotating speed is too low, and a vortex appears in the middle when the rotating speed is too fast, so that the swelling effect is poor.
And 3, weighing 10-20 parts of chitosan solution, 25-40 parts of polyaluminium (solid) and 3-10 parts of calcium chloride, dissolving in 25-45 parts of purified water, adding purified water to 100 parts, uniformly mixing, aging at room temperature for 24 hours, cooling and standing overnight to obtain the drinking water defluorinating agent. Further embodied in this step may be: dissolving the materials in purified water, stirring for 10-70min at 150-200r/min, and adding purified water. Can be evenly mixed and then kept stand for one night for full reaction to obtain the drinking water defluorinating agent. In this step, the stirring time is too short and dissolution is insufficient, so that stirring is performed for as long a time as possible.
Further, the calcium chloride in the step 3 comprises one of anhydrous calcium chloride and calcium chloride dihydrate;
further, the polyaluminium in step 3 comprises polyaluminium chloride or polyaluminium sulfate, and most preferably polyaluminium chloride.
Example 1
31 parts of polyaluminum chloride, 6 parts of anhydrous calcium chloride, 10 parts of chitosan solution and the balance of purified water.
Example 2
33 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 4 parts of anhydrous calcium chloride, 15 parts of chitosan solution and the balance of purified water;
comparative example 1
31 parts of polyaluminium sulfate, 6 parts of anhydrous calcium chloride and the balance of purified water;
1. 100ml of fluorine-containing wastewater in a certain area of the north of Anhui province is taken, wherein the content of fluorine ions is 2.6mg/L.
The fluorine removing agent is adopted to remove fluorine ions in wastewater: (the addition amount is the ratio of the mass of the medicament to the amount of water to be treated)
TABLE 1 data sheet for measuring the fluorine removal rate of water produced from fluorine removal agent added in the same amount as in the example and the comparative example with time
2. Taking 100ml of fluorine-containing wastewater in a certain area of a Shangqiu, wherein the content of fluorine ions is 1.3mg/L; by using
The fluorine removing agent of the invention is used for removing fluorine ions in wastewater: the addition amount is the ratio of the mass of the medicament to the treated water amount.
TABLE 2 data table of the fluorine removal rate with time change detection in the fluorine removal agent produced water added in the same amount of the examples and the comparative examples
Weighing 100mL of drinking water to be treated, and measuring the pH value and the fluorine content of the produced water; mixing the defluorinating agent with the drinking water to be treated to form defluorinating agent/water mixed solution with the mass concentration of 0.5-2.0 thousandths; stirring for 1-3min at a rotation speed of 100-150r/min, and standing for 2-10min; filtering the precipitate at normal pressure, and measuring the concentration of the obtained fluorine ions in the supernatant.
The fluorine removal agent has good fluorine removal effect in the environment that the pH value is about 6.5-10.5, and if the pH value is more than 10.5, the fluorine removal effect is greatly reduced; when the pH value is less than 6.5, the pH value of the effluent is less than 6.5, which does not meet the requirements on the pH value in sanitary Standard for Drinking Water, and the pH value is required to be adjusted to 6.5-10.5 before experiments.
As can be seen from the data of the above examples and comparative examples, the fluorine removal agent and the fluorine removal method of the invention adopt direct addition and one-step precipitation method, so that the fluorine ions in the inlet water can reach the standard that the fluorine ions in the outlet water are less than 1mg/L after being treated under the condition that the fluorine ions in the inlet water are less than 5 mg/L; the defluorination operation is simple, the dosage is small, the water treatment cost is low, and the produced water can reach the regulation of the sanitary standard for drinking water, namely F is less than 1.0ppm.
Polyaluminium is an inorganic polymeric flocculant, and in an aqueous solution, aluminium can undergo a hydrolysis reaction, and the main chemical form of the polyaluminium is a polynuclear hydroxyl complex. The aluminum in the traditional aluminum salt mainly exists in a monomer form, most of the aluminum in the PAC reacts to generate a hydroxyl aluminum polymer, and compared with the traditional aluminum salt, the hydroxyl aluminum polymer has higher stability, can remove fluorine ions in water through the actions of ion exchange, electric neutralization, adsorption, rolling, sweeping and the like, and has high-efficiency fluorine removal effect. Chitosan is straight-chain type high molecular polymer, the long chain of big magnitude of order has huge absorption surface area in aqueous, flocculation is good, can utilize the long chain to bridge between the granule, form the flocculating constituent of large granule, it contains fluoride ion alum blossom to subside with higher speed, and acid can carry out certain acidizing with the raw materials, make it can more effectual absorption parcel heavy metal ion, and anhydrous calcium chloride has the degradation to magnesium in the water environment, and be difficult to influence the aquatic organism, common synergism between these several kinds of raw materials, both reached high-efficient defluorination effect, reduce water treatment cost again, the product water after the most importantly handles accords with drinking water national standard.
It is to be understood that these descriptions are made only by way of example and not as a limitation upon the application of the teachings of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and may include various modifications, alterations and equivalents which may be made to the invention without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A drinking water defluorinating agent is characterized in that: the fluorine removal agent comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of chitosan, 25-40 parts of polyaluminium, 3-10 parts of calcium chloride and the balance of purified water.
2. The drinking water fluorine removal agent of claim 1, wherein: the fluorine removal agent comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of chitosan solution, 25-40 parts of polyaluminium solid, 3-10 parts of calcium chloride solid and the balance of purified water, wherein the chitosan solution is obtained by swelling the chitosan solid with acid with the pH = 0.5-3.
3. The method for preparing a drinking water defluorinating agent as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that:
step 1, adding a certain amount of acid into a volumetric flask, fixing the volume of purified water, shaking up, and preparing an acid solution with the pH = 0.5-3;
step 2, adding 1-10 parts of chitosan into a container, adding 20-50 parts of the acid solution, stirring for swelling, and adding the acid solution for diluting to 100 parts to obtain a chitosan solution;
and 3, weighing 10-20 parts of chitosan solution, 25-40 parts of polyaluminium solid, dissolving 3-10 parts of calcium chloride in 25-45 parts of purified water, adding the purified water to 100 parts, mixing and standing, and aging at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain the drinking water defluorinating agent.
4. The method for preparing a drinking water defluorinating agent according to claim 3, wherein:
in step 1, the acid comprises one of acetic acid and citric acid.
5. The method for preparing a drinking water defluorinating agent according to claim 3, wherein:
the calcium chloride in the step 3 comprises one of anhydrous calcium chloride and calcium chloride dihydrate.
6. A method for preparing a drinking water fluorine removal agent according to claim 3, wherein:
the polyaluminium in the step 3 comprises one of polyaluminium chloride and polyaluminium sulfate.
7. The method for preparing a drinking water defluorinating agent according to claim 3, wherein: the step 2 is as follows: adding 1-10 parts of chitosan into a beaker, adding 20-50 parts of the acid solution, stirring and swelling for 4-8h, adding the acid solution to dilute to 100 parts, and continuously stirring for 0.5-2h at the rotating speed of 150-250r/min to obtain the chitosan solution.
8. The method for preparing a drinking water defluorinating agent according to claim 3, wherein: weighing 10-20 parts of chitosan solution, 25-40 parts of polyaluminium solid, dissolving 3-10 parts of calcium chloride in 25-45 parts of purified water, stirring for 10-70min at the rotating speed of 150-200r/min, adding the purified water to 100 parts, uniformly mixing, standing, and aging at room temperature for 24h to obtain the drinking water defluorinating agent.
9. The method of applying a drinking water defluorinating agent as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
step 1, weighing a certain amount of drinking water to be treated, and measuring the pH value and fluorine content of the drinking water;
step 2, mixing the defluorinating agent and the drinking water to be treated to form defluorinating agent/water mixed solution with the mass concentration of 0.5-2.0 per mill;
step 3, stirring for 1-3min at the rotating speed of 100-150r/min, and standing for 2-10min;
step 4, filtering the precipitate, measuring the concentration of fluorine ions in the supernatant, and if the fluorine content is less than 1.0ppm, meeting the regulation of sanitary standard of drinking water; the supernatant is the drinking water after treatment.
10. The method of applying a drinking water defluorinating agent as set forth in claim 9, wherein: the step 4 is as follows: filtering and precipitating at normal pressure, and measuring the concentration of the obtained fluorine ions in the supernatant, wherein if F is less than 1.0ppm, the fluorine ions reach the specification of the sanitary standard of the drinking water.
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