CN115624909A - PLC program control method and device of carbonization equipment - Google Patents

PLC program control method and device of carbonization equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115624909A
CN115624909A CN202211414480.7A CN202211414480A CN115624909A CN 115624909 A CN115624909 A CN 115624909A CN 202211414480 A CN202211414480 A CN 202211414480A CN 115624909 A CN115624909 A CN 115624909A
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China
Prior art keywords
gas
reaction
tank
concentration
mixing tank
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘晓琴
王丽娜
吴卫平
卢胜强
李阳
田宇
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Wuhan Building Material Industry Design & Research Institute Co Ltd
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Wuhan Building Material Industry Design & Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/80—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed
    • B01F35/83—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed by controlling the ratio of two or more flows, e.g. using flow sensing or flow controlling devices
    • B01F35/833—Flow control by valves, e.g. opening intermittently
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/10—Mixing gases with gases
    • B01F23/19—Mixing systems, i.e. flow charts or diagrams; Arrangements, e.g. comprising controlling means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/836—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers combining mixing with other treatments
    • B01F33/8362—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers combining mixing with other treatments with chemical reactions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/20—Measuring; Control or regulation
    • B01F35/21—Measuring
    • B01F35/2132—Concentration, pH, pOH, p(ION) or oxygen-demand
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/20—Measuring; Control or regulation
    • B01F35/22—Control or regulation
    • B01F35/2201—Control or regulation characterised by the type of control technique used
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/80—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed
    • B01F35/82—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed by adding a material to be mixed to a mixture in response to a detected feature, e.g. density, radioactivity, consumed power or colour

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of carbonization equipment, in particular to a PLC program control method and a PLC program control device for carbonization equipment; the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the concentration of target gas and the total pressure of gas in the gas mixing tank; outputting adjusting signals to each pneumatic valve according to the obtained target gas concentration, and introducing air and industrial carbon dioxide into the gas mixing tank; heating the gas mixing tank to uniformly mix the gas; introducing mixed gas in a gas mixing tank into the reaction tank; and regulating and controlling a pneumatic valve on the reaction tank according to the regulating signal. The invention can adjust the gas with different concentrations according to the requirements to meet the requirements of carbonization reaction; the control method can complete gas concentration regulation and gas pressure regulation of gas mixing and carbonization reaction through the PLC control system, maintain the reaction condition of the carbonization reaction in the reaction tank, improve the carbon fixation effect, and enable the whole system to be intelligently regulated and controlled through signal regulation of the PLC control system, thereby saving time and labor.

Description

PLC program control method and device of carbonization equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carbonization equipment, in particular to a PLC program control method and a PLC program control device for carbonization equipment.
Background
With the specific proposition of the targets of 'carbon peak reaching' in 2030 and 'carbon neutralization' in 2060 in 9 months in 2020, a great amount of related researches and applications are welcomed in the domestic carbon reduction and carbon fixation directions. The carbon reduction mainly reduces carbon emission by taking measures from a carbon source, carbon fixation reduces the emission of carbon dioxide through material absorption, researches show that some materials can stably fix the carbon dioxide, and carbonized products with good performance can be prepared after the carbon dioxide is absorbed, so that the carbonized products can be popularized to market for use.
At present, a great amount of further research is needed for the carbon fixation product from research to practical application, and in the previous research, the main factors influencing the carbonization effect are the concentration of carbon dioxide and the pressure of gas in the carbonization process. In practical application, carbon dioxide gas for carbonization mainly comes from tail gas discharged by various industrial production, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the discharged tail gas is different due to different industries, meanwhile, the carbonization reaction is a typical gas-solid reaction, and the carbonization reaction gradually permeates from the surface to the inside, so that carbonizable minerals can be contacted with the carbon dioxide to generate carbonized substances to enable the surface to be compact, the permeation of the carbon dioxide is influenced, the permeation effect of the gas can be improved by increasing the gas pressure, and the carbon fixation effect is improved. At present, high-purity carbon dioxide gas is generally directly introduced into the carbonization equipment, and the gas concentration cannot be regulated and controlled; the few can regulate and control gas concentration, can't guarantee mist's homogeneity yet, and gaseous inhomogeneous can obviously influence the carbonization effect, but the carbonization in-process is because carbonize mineral absorption carbon dioxide, it is constantly descending to lead to gas concentration, need guarantee concentration in the practical application in an within range, can not too high nor too low, concentration is too high, the carbonization reaction is too fast, can gather a large amount of heats in equipment, the early reaction is too fast, influence gas permeation, and concentration is too low, the reaction is too slow, efficiency is low, therefore, need urgently to need a PLC program control method and device of carbonization equipment to come the gas concentration in the dynamic control reaction vessel, improve the efficiency of carbonization reaction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, in one aspect, the present invention provides a PLC program control method for a carbonization apparatus, including the steps of:
1) Obtaining the concentration x of the target gas and the total pressure P of the gas in the gas mixing tank h Vacuumizing the gas mixing tank;
2) Outputting an adjusting signal to each pneumatic valve according to the obtained target gas concentration, opening and closing the pneumatic valves on the gas distribution pipeline according to the adjusting signal, and sequentially introducing industrial carbon dioxide with carbon dioxide concentration N and air into the gas mixing tank until the measured value of the gas pressure in the gas mixing tank is the set total gas pressure P of the gas mixing tank h Stopping air intake;
3) Heating the gas mixing tank to uniformly mix the gas until the difference between the detection value y and the target gas concentration x is smaller than the tolerance;
4) Setting the parameters of the reaction tank, wherein the concentration of the gas required by the reaction is C 0 The required gas pressure value is P 0 Vacuumizing the reaction tank, regulating and controlling a pneumatic valve on the reaction tank according to a regulating signal, and inputting uniformly mixed gas in a gas mixing tank into the reaction tank until a set pressure value and/or gas concentration required by the reaction are/is reached;
5) And regulating and controlling a pneumatic valve on the reaction tank according to the regulating signal to ensure that the pressure value and/or the gas concentration measured in the reaction tank approaches to the set pressure value and/or the gas concentration in the carbonization reaction.
Further, in the step 3), the difference between the results of gas concentration detection at least twice in the gas mixing process in the gas mixing tank is less than 1% vol.
Further, in the step 3), when the difference between the detected value y in the gas mixing tank and the target gas concentration x is larger than the tolerance, the industrial carbon dioxide gas or air is supplemented into the gas mixing tank.
Further, if y is in the gas mixing tank>x, then make up air until the air pressure is y P h X; if y<x, supplementing industrial carbon dioxide until the pressure is (N-y) P h /(N-x)。
Further, in the step 5), the pressure value detected in the reaction tank is greater than the set pressure value, and the exhaust end of the reaction tank is opened through the adjusting signal until the detected pressure value is equal to the set pressure value; and the pressure value detected in the reaction tank is smaller than the set pressure value, and the air inlet end of the reaction tank is opened by adjusting a signal until the detected pressure value is equal to the set pressure value.
Further, in the step 5), the gas concentration detected in the reaction tank is less than the set gas concentration, and the gas inlet end and the gas outlet end of the reaction tank are opened by adjusting signals until the detected gas concentration is equal to the set gas concentration.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a PLC program control device of the carbonization equipment using the control method, which comprises a PLC control system, a reaction tank and at least one gas mixing tank, wherein the gas outlet end of the gas mixing tank is connected with the gas inlet end of the reaction tank, the gas mixing tank is connected with a vacuum pump, a heating assembly is arranged in the gas mixing tank, the gas inlet end of the gas mixing tank is connected with a gas inlet pipeline, a gas pressure detector and a gas concentration detector are arranged on the gas mixing tank and the reaction tank, and the gas pressure detector and the gas concentration detector are in signal connection with the PLC control system.
Furtherly, be provided with first pneumatic valve and the second pneumatic valve that is used for air and carbon dioxide gas to adjust on the intake manifold of mixing the gas pitcher, mix the gas pitcher with be provided with the fourth pneumatic valve between the retort, the exhaust end of retort is provided with the sixth pneumatic valve, first pneumatic valve, second pneumatic valve, fourth pneumatic valve and sixth pneumatic valve with signal connection is established to PLC control system.
Further, the reaction tank is also connected with a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is connected with the PLC control system.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the PLC program control method and device of the carbonization equipment, gases are fully and uniformly mixed in the gas mixing tank, the uniformity of the mixed gases is kept, gases with different concentrations can be adjusted according to requirements, and the requirements of carbonization reaction are met; according to the control method, the gas concentration adjustment of gas mixing and carbonization reaction can be completed through the PLC control system, the reaction condition of the carbonization reaction in the reaction tank is maintained, the carbon fixation effect is improved, the whole system can be intelligently regulated and controlled through the signal adjustment of the PLC control system, and time and labor are saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a PLC program control method of a carbonizing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a PLC program control method of the carbonizing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a PLC program control device of the carbonizing apparatus of the present invention.
1-a gas mixing tank; 2-a reaction tank; 3-a first pneumatic valve; 4-a second pneumatic valve; 5-a fourth pneumatic valve; 6-sixth pneumatic valve; 7-a vacuum pump; 8-a heating assembly; 9-an air pressure detector; 10-gas concentration detector; 11-a temperature sensor; 12-a third pneumatic valve; 13-fifth pneumatic valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. In the drawings, the size and relative sizes of certain features may be exaggerated for clarity.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the term "connecting" may refer to a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate, a connection between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements, and a person skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention in a specific case.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the designated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a PLC program control method of carbonization equipment, which is shown in the attached figures 1 and 2 of the specification and is a flow schematic diagram, and comprises the following steps:
1) Obtaining the concentration x of the target gas and the total pressure P of the gas in the gas mixing tank h Vacuumizing the gas mixing tank;
2) Outputting an adjusting signal to each pneumatic valve according to the obtained target gas concentration, opening and closing the pneumatic valves on the gas distribution pipeline according to the adjusting signal, and sequentially introducing industrial carbon dioxide with carbon dioxide concentration N and air into the gas mixing tank until the measured value of the gas pressure in the gas mixing tank is the set total gas pressure P of the gas mixing tank h Stopping air intake;
3) Heating the gas mixing tank to uniformly mix the gas until the difference between the detected value y and the target gas concentration x is smaller than the tolerance;
4) Setting the parameters of the reaction tank, wherein the concentration of the gas required by the reaction is C 0 The required gas pressure value is P 0 The time required by the reaction is t, the reaction tank is vacuumized, and the pneumatic valve on the reaction tank is regulated and controlled according to the regulating signal to reactInputting the gas mixed uniformly in the gas mixing tank into the tank until a set pressure value and/or gas concentration required by the reaction are reached;
5) And regulating and controlling a pneumatic valve on the reaction tank according to the regulating signal to ensure that the pressure value and/or the gas concentration measured in the reaction tank approaches to the set pressure value and/or the gas concentration in the carbonization reaction.
Specifically, be provided with the material that is used for the solid carbon in the retort, the material can absorb fixed carbon dioxide, reduces the emission of carbon dioxide, lets in certain concentration and certain pressure's carbon dioxide gas in to the retort, guarantees the carbonization in the retort and normally goes on, in order to study the carbonization under the different gas concentration, before letting in the retort with gas, mix earlier in gas mixing tank, obtain the mist of setting for concentration to make mist in gas mixing tank intensive mixing even.
In this embodiment, carbon dioxide gas with a set concentration is prepared in the gas mixing tank, and air and industrial carbon dioxide gas are mainly used for mixing, where the carbon dioxide concentration in the industrial carbon dioxide is greater than or equal to 20%, the set target gas concentration is x, the gas concentration measured in the gas mixing tank is y, the carbon dioxide concentration in the industrial carbon dioxide is N, and the total gas pressure in the gas mixing tank is P h And opening and closing a pneumatic valve on the gas distribution pipeline according to the adjusting signal, inputting air into the gas mixing tank and mixing the air with industrial carbon dioxide to obtain mixed gas, and vacuumizing the sealed cavity of the gas mixing tank before introducing the gas.
Specifically, the second pneumatic valve 4 for industrial carbon dioxide is started, industrial carbon dioxide gas is introduced into the sealed cavity of the gas mixing tank 1, and the gas mixing tank is closed until the gas pressure detected by the gas mixing tank is a preset value, the preset value is the partial pressure of the carbon dioxide calculated according to the concentration of the target gas, and the preset value is x P h and/N. After the carbon dioxide is fed, the first pneumatic valve 3 of the air is opened, the air is input into the sealed cavity of the air mixing tank 1 until the air pressure detected by the air mixing tank is P h The intake of air is stopped.
After stopping admitting air in the gas mixing tank, because carbon dioxide density is big, can produce obvious settlement in the air, lead to carbon dioxide and air mixing inhomogeneous, influence the carbonization reaction effect, consequently, need make gas mixing even through the heating, heat the mixing of gas in order to accelerate gas through the heating pipe of laying in the gas mixing tank sealed chamber, in mixing process, detect the gas concentration in the gas mixing tank many times, when twice gas concentration testing result difference is less than 1 vol, can think that the gas mixing in the gas mixing tank is even, otherwise, then can prolong the even degree of heating time in order to improve gas mixing, and continue to detect the gas concentration in the gas mixing tank.
In an optimized implementation mode, when the difference between the gas concentration detection value y in the gas mixing tank and the target gas concentration value x is smaller than the tolerance, the target gas concentration adjustment is completed, and the gas uniformly mixed in the gas mixing tank can be introduced into the reaction tank for carbonization reaction.
As one embodiment, when the difference between the detected value y and the target gas concentration x in the gas mixing tank is larger than the tolerance, the industrial carbon dioxide gas or air is supplemented into the gas mixing tank to the target gas concentration, if y is>x, opening the first pneumatic valve, and supplementing air until the air pressure is y P h X; if y<x, opening the second pneumatic valve to replenish industrial carbon dioxide until the pressure is (N-y) P h And (N-x), after the gas is supplemented, the gas needs to be heated and mixed again, and the mixing and detection operations are repeated until the gas is uniformly mixed.
As one embodiment, the gas pressure in the carbonization reaction has great influence on the reaction degree, and the method can be used for researching the carbonization condition under different pressures, and particularly, the pressure value P required by the reaction in the reaction tank is set 0 And the reaction time t, the air inlet end pneumatic valve of the reaction tank is opened through adjusting signals, and the uniformly mixed gas is injected into the reaction tank until the set pressure P is reached 0 . The carbonization material absorbs carbon dioxide and releases a large amount of heat to cause the pressure inside the reaction tank to fluctuate, when the difference between the detected pressure value and the set pressure value is larger than the pressure fluctuation delta P, the gas pressure in the reaction tank is adjusted, and when the detected pressure value P is larger than the pressure fluctuation delta P 1 >P 0 When the pressure value is detected, the exhaust end of the reaction tank is opened by adjusting the signal until the detected pressure value is equal to the pressure valueSetting a pressure value; when the detected pressure value P is 1 <P 0 And then, the gas is supplemented at the gas inlet end of the reaction tank through adjusting signals until the detected pressure value is equal to the set pressure value. And after the reaction time t is reached, the equipment is automatically stopped to operate, the air pressure and the temperature in the reaction tank are detected and recorded at regular time in the whole reaction process, the detected pressure data are fed back to the system, and the start-up valves of the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the reaction tank are controlled to be opened and closed through adjusting signals.
In a specific embodiment, the main carbonized product is a sheet-like plate prepared from a carbonizable material and fibers, the water content of the plate is controlled by a drying process after the plate is formed, each plate is placed on a carbonization frame in a reaction tank, the plate can be cut into different sizes (such as 2440mm, 1220mm, 8mm) according to requirements, carbon dioxide gas is introduced into the reaction tank, the carbon dioxide gas and the carbonizable material immediately react to generate a carbonized product, a large amount of heat and water vapor are generated, the temperature in the reaction tank rapidly rises, and the peak value is reached at the temperature of 0-1h approximately. The temperature rises in the retort, can lead to the carbonization on panel surface very fast, and the surface becomes closely knit rapidly, has hindered carbon dioxide gas's further infiltration, has reduced holistic solid carbon rate, and carbonization product content also reduces, influences the whole closely knit degree of panel to influence the mechanical properties of panel. Meanwhile, because the temperature change is too fast, the water in the plate is too fast to evaporate, and the plate has large size and is easy to bend and deform, the temperature change in the carbonization reaction process needs to be controlled in the reaction process, and the carbonization reaction rate is slowed down.
The implementation mode is refined, pressure values required by different reactions can be set according to requirements, the pressure values are used for exploring carbonization conditions under different pressures, recorded data are used for guiding industrial production, heat is released in the carbonization reaction process, a cooling water pipe can be arranged in the reaction tank and used for adjusting the temperature of the reaction tank, materials are prevented from generating a large amount of heat and water vapor in the reaction tank within a short time, plate deformation caused by too fast temperature change or too fast water loss is avoided, meanwhile, the safety of the reaction tank is guaranteed, and the reliability of equipment is improved; meanwhile, a heating device can be arranged in the reaction tank and used for adjusting the temperature in the carbonization initial stage and the later stage reaction tank.
The control of the temperature change in the reaction tank is to control the carbonization reaction rate, and the main factors influencing the carbonization reaction rate are three, namely carbon dioxide gas concentration, reaction gas pressure and reaction temperature. Generally, the higher the concentration of carbon dioxide is, the faster the carbonization reaction rate in the initial stage is, and the less influence is caused after the surface is dense in the later stage; the higher the pressure of the reaction gas is, the higher the gas permeability is, and the carbon fixation rate can be improved; the reaction temperature is increased, so that the movement of gas molecules is accelerated, the permeation of gas is promoted, and the carbon fixation rate is increased. However, the carbonization reaction is a reaction from the outside to the inside, the early reaction is too fast, the gas permeation can be hindered due to too dense surface, the temperature change is too fast, the product deformation can be caused due to too fast water loss, therefore, the early reaction rate needs to be controlled in a proper range, and the gas permeability can be improved by increasing the gas pressure and the reaction temperature after the later surface is dense, so that the carbon fixation rate of the product is improved. When the concentration of the reaction gas is too low, longer time is needed for carbonization, the reaction rate can be promoted by pressurizing or increasing the temperature, the gas pressure and the temperature have corresponding proper values, the larger the gas pressure is, the better the gas pressure is, the carbon fixation rate is improved to a certain extent slightly after the gas pressure is increased, but the requirement on equipment is higher, and when the temperature is too high, CO is increased to a certain extent 2 The solubility and diffusion rate decrease and carbon dioxide may escape from the material.
As one embodiment, the gas concentration in the carbonization reaction has a significant influence on the reaction degree, and this example can be used to investigate the influence of the gas concentration on the carbonization.
Specifically, a single concentration gas can be filled in the reaction process to carry out carbonization reaction, and the concentration of the gas required by the reaction is set as C 0 Selecting industrial carbon dioxide with proper concentration, and configuring the gas concentration x = C in the gas mixing tank according to the experimental requirement 0 After the gas in the gas mixing tank is uniformly mixed, starting the experiment, opening the pneumatic valve at the gas inlet end of the reaction tank to fill the mixed gas into the reaction tank to the set gas concentration C 0 . Consumption of CO due to carbonization 2 Concentration of gasThe degree decreases, when the concentration decreases to C 0 When the gas concentration is reduced to the lower limit of the set threshold value, the gas inlet end and the gas outlet end of the reaction tank are opened through regulating signals, the gas in the gas mixing tank is fed into the reaction tank at the same gas flow rate, and the low-concentration gas in the reaction tank is discharged at the same time, when the gas concentration reaches C 0 The pressure value in the reaction tank is P 0 The aeration is stopped, the operations are repeated in the reaction process to maintain the carbonization reaction to be smoothly carried out, and the experiment is stopped when the reaction time t is reached.
Description attached figure 2 is a PLC program control flow chart of the carbonization apparatus of the embodiment, wherein, in fig. 2, the pneumatic valve 1 represents a first pneumatic valve, which is a valve for adjusting air intake on an air pipeline of a gas mixing tank, the pneumatic valve 2 represents a second pneumatic valve, which is a valve for adjusting carbon dioxide intake on a carbon dioxide pipeline of the gas mixing tank, the pneumatic valve 3 represents a third pneumatic valve, which is a valve on a gas concentration detector pipeline of the gas mixing tank, the pneumatic valve 4 represents a fourth pneumatic valve, which is an adjusting valve on a pipeline between the gas mixing tank and a reaction tank, the pneumatic valve 5 represents a fifth pneumatic valve, which is a valve on a gas concentration detector pipeline of the reaction tank, the pneumatic valve 6 represents a sixth pneumatic valve, which is an adjusting valve at an air outlet end of the reaction tank.
The optimum carbonization conditions differ for different carbonizable materials, and therefore a suitable apparatus and method are required for exploring the suitable carbonization conditions. An orthogonal experiment table is required to be designed, a proper carbonization condition is obtained after an experiment, and a design factor table is as follows:
numbering Carbon dioxide concentration% vol Gas pressure (MPa) Reaction temperature (. Degree.C.)
1 40 Atmospheric pressure 40
2 40 0.12 60
3 40 0.22 50
4 60 Atmospheric pressure 60
5 60 0.12 50
6 60 0.22 40
7 80 Atmospheric pressure 50
8 80 0.12 40
9 80 0.22 60
The above test parameters of one of the carbonized materials in this embodiment are set, and influences of three factors, namely carbon dioxide concentration, gas pressure and reaction temperature, on the carbonization reaction can be explored, but not limited to the above three factors, and other factors influencing the carbonization reaction can also be tested and researched by the apparatus and the control method, and optimal test conditions, namely the most suitable carbonization regimes, such as carbon dioxide concentration, gas pressure and reaction temperature, are found by effectively comparing test results (such as mechanical properties, carbon fixation rate and the like of the plate) for guiding industrial production, so as to provide data support for industrial production.
The program control method of the carbonization equipment can control the gas concentration, the gas pressure and the reaction temperature required by the reaction. Because the reaction is continuously carried out, the concentration of the carbon dioxide gas is continuously reduced, the gas concentration range required by the reaction is set, and when the actually detected gas concentration in the reaction tank is lower than the set gas concentration threshold value, gas is supplemented into the reaction tank until the concentration reaches the set value; the gas pressure in the reaction tank can be changed due to gas consumption, gas supplement or temperature rise, and the gas pressure in the tank is controlled through gas supplement, gas exhaust or temperature reduction; be equipped with heating and cooling function in the retort, can control the temperature among the reaction process, can be through heating increase temperature when the temperature is less than the setting value, react in the retort and lead to the temperature to rise, can reduce the temperature in the retort through the measure of cooling and reach the setting value. Three factors can influence each other, and the three factors are simultaneously controlled to explore a proper carbonization system.
In actual production, single-factor regulation or multi-factor regulation can be performed, and due to production conditions and cost control, control factors can be reduced. Therefore, the equipment can be set to be single-factor control, the reaction temperature is not controlled by the reaction tank, only the gas concentration and the gas pressure are controlled, if the gas concentration is controlled and the gas concentration is reduced to a certain value, the gas is supplied to the reaction tank through exhaust until the concentration reaches a set value, and the reaction pressure and the reaction temperature are not controlled and only are recorded. If the gas pressure is controlled, the gas pressure is reduced or increased, the gas pressure is controlled to reach a set value through gas supply or exhaust, the concentration of the reaction gas and the reaction temperature are not controlled, and only records are made. The apparatus may also be configured for two-factor control, with concentration and temperature, concentration and pressure, pressure and temperature being controlled, and the other factor being recorded only. In the single-factor or multi-factor regulation, the regulation and control can be carried out through a PLC program, the operation is simple and convenient, and the practicability is high.
Further, in this embodiment, gases with different concentrations may be filled in the reaction process to perform a carbonization experiment, the influence of the step gas concentration on the carbonization reaction is explored, the reaction tank is connected with two or more gas mixing tanks, the gas concentration in each gas mixing tank is different, the gases in different gas mixing tanks are filled in the reaction tank in stages to perform the carbonization experiment according to a set carbonization schedule, and the adjustment mode when the gas concentration is reduced in the reaction process in each stage is the same as that in the adjustment process.
In the carbonization reaction process, through with gaseous intensive mixing even in the gas mixing tank, the gas that can obtain needs concentration lets in the retort and carries out the carbonization reaction to in the reaction sequence, according to real-time detection's pressure value or gas concentration value, can adjust the gas state in the retort, above-mentioned process can be accomplished under the regulation and control of PLC control system, makes the carbonization reaction regulation and control more intelligent.
After the reaction time t is reached, the reaction is stopped, the carbonization rate of the material is not = (absolute dry mass after carbonization-absolute dry mass before carbonization)/absolute dry mass before carbonization 100, the carbonization rate of the material can be calculated through the formula, and the influence of different pressures and different gas concentrations on the carbonization condition can be explored.
Example 2
As shown in the attached drawing 3, the present invention further provides a PLC program control device of a carbonization device, which comprises a PLC control system, a reaction tank 2 and at least one gas mixing tank 1, wherein the PLC control system is connected with the reaction tank 2 and the gas mixing tank 1 to control the whole system to operate, a first pneumatic valve 3 and a second pneumatic valve 4 for adjusting air and carbon dioxide gas are arranged on a gas inlet pipeline of the gas mixing tank 1, a gas outlet end of the gas mixing tank 1 is connected with a gas inlet end of the reaction tank 2, a fourth pneumatic valve 5 is arranged on a pipeline between the gas mixing tank and the reaction tank, a sixth pneumatic valve 6 is arranged on a gas outlet pipeline of the reaction tank 2, a vacuum pump 7 is connected with the gas mixing tank 1 to vacuumize a sealed cavity of the gas mixing tank 1 before gas enters the gas mixing tank 1, a heating assembly 8 is arranged in the gas mixing tank 1, a gas pressure detector 9 and a gas concentration detector 10 are arranged on the gas mixing tank 1 and the reaction tank 2, the gas detector 9 and the gas concentration detector 10 are connected with the PLC control system, the first pneumatic valve 3, the second pneumatic valve 4, the third pneumatic valve 5 and the pneumatic valve 5 are connected with the PLC control system to control the gas mixing tank 2, and to control system to control the PLC system to control the gas mixing tank 1, and to control system to control the PLC control system to control the PLC control the gas concentration.
In an optimized implementation mode, the reaction tank 2 is further connected with a temperature sensor 11, and the temperature sensor 11 is connected with the PLC control system.
In an optimized embodiment, a third pneumatic valve 12 is arranged on a pipeline of the gas concentration detector 10 on the gas mixing tank, and a fifth pneumatic valve 13 is arranged on a pipeline of the gas concentration detector 10 on the reaction tank.
The operating principle of the device is that the gas mixing tank is filled with air and industrial carbon dioxide through the first pneumatic valve and the second pneumatic valve of the air inlet pipeline, the gas is uniformly mixed in the gas mixing tank, the fourth pneumatic valve is opened to charge gas into the reaction tank, and the gas concentration detector connected with the third pneumatic valve and the fifth pneumatic valve can detect the gas concentration in the gas mixing tank and the reaction tank in real time to provide basis for program adjustment.
Optimize the embodiment, in order to guarantee the safe operation of system, can set up temperature regulation apparatus on the retort, adjust the temperature in the retort including setting up heating device and cooling tube, if let in the cooling water and cool down the retort, the optional retort that has the jacket layer lets in the cooling water in the jacket layer and cools down, or sets up the condenser tube that spirals in the retort, and the temperature in the control retort is in the temperature range that allows.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in many other specific forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Although an embodiment of the present invention has been described, it is to be understood that the present invention should not be limited to this embodiment, and variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. A PLC program control method of carbonization equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Obtaining the concentration x of the target gas and the total pressure P of the gas in the gas mixing tank h Vacuumizing the gas mixing tank;
2) Outputting an adjusting signal to each pneumatic valve according to the obtained target gas concentration, opening and closing the pneumatic valves on the gas distribution pipeline according to the adjusting signal, and sequentially introducing industrial carbon dioxide with carbon dioxide concentration N and air into the gas mixing tank until the measured value of the gas pressure in the gas mixing tank is the set total gas pressure P of the gas mixing tank h Stopping air intake;
3) Heating the gas mixing tank to uniformly mix the gas until the difference between the detected value y and the target gas concentration x is smaller than the tolerance;
4) Setting the parameters of the reaction tank, wherein the concentration of the gas required by the reaction is C 0 The required gas pressure value is P 0 Vacuumizing the reaction tank, regulating and controlling a pneumatic valve on the reaction tank according to a regulating signal, and inputting uniformly mixed gas in a gas mixing tank into the reaction tank until a set pressure value and/or gas concentration required by the reaction are/is reached;
5) And regulating and controlling a pneumatic valve on the reaction tank according to the regulating signal to ensure that the pressure value and/or the gas concentration measured in the reaction tank approaches to the set pressure value and/or the gas concentration in the carbonization reaction.
2. The PLC program control method for a carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the difference in gas concentration detection results at least twice during the mixing of the gases in the gas mixing tank is less than 1% vol.
3. The PLC program control method of a carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), when the difference between the detected value y and the target gas concentration x in the gas mixture tank is larger than a tolerance, the industrial carbon dioxide gas or air is supplied into the gas mixture tank.
4. The PLC program control method for a carbonization apparatus according to claim 3, wherein y is the number of the gas in the gas mixture tank>x, then make up air until the air pressure is y P h X; if y<x, replenishing industrial carbon dioxide until the pressure is (N-y) P h /(N-x)。
5. The PLC program control method of a carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5), the pressure value detected in the reaction tank is greater than the set pressure value, and the exhaust end of the reaction tank is opened by the adjustment signal until the detected pressure value is equal to the set pressure value; and the pressure value detected in the reaction tank is smaller than the set pressure value, and the air inlet end of the reaction tank is opened by adjusting a signal until the detected pressure value is equal to the set pressure value.
6. The PLC program control method of a carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5), the gas concentration detected in the reaction tank is less than the set gas concentration, and the gas inlet port and the gas outlet port of the reaction tank are opened by the adjustment signal until the detected gas concentration is equal to the set gas concentration.
7. A PLC program control device of carbonization equipment using the control method of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising a PLC control system, a reaction tank and at least one gas mixing tank, wherein the gas outlet end of the gas mixing tank is connected with the gas inlet end of the reaction tank, the gas mixing tank is connected with a vacuum pump, a heating component is arranged in the gas mixing tank, the gas inlet end of the gas mixing tank is connected with a gas inlet pipeline, the gas mixing tank and the reaction tank are both provided with a gas pressure detector and a gas concentration detector, and the gas pressure detector and the gas concentration detector are in signal connection with the PLC control system.
8. The PLC program control device of carbonization equipment as claimed in claim 7, wherein the inlet pipe of the gas mixing tank is provided with a first pneumatic valve and a second pneumatic valve for air and carbon dioxide gas adjustment, a fourth pneumatic valve is provided between the gas mixing tank and the reaction tank, the exhaust end of the reaction tank is provided with a sixth pneumatic valve, and the first pneumatic valve, the second pneumatic valve, the fourth pneumatic valve and the sixth pneumatic valve establish signal connection with the PLC control system.
9. The PLC program control device of a carbonization device according to claim 7, wherein a temperature sensor is further connected to the reaction tank, and the temperature sensor is connected to the PLC control system.
CN202211414480.7A 2022-11-11 2022-11-11 PLC program control method and device of carbonization equipment Pending CN115624909A (en)

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CN202211414480.7A CN115624909A (en) 2022-11-11 2022-11-11 PLC program control method and device of carbonization equipment

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CN202211414480.7A CN115624909A (en) 2022-11-11 2022-11-11 PLC program control method and device of carbonization equipment

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117122787A (en) * 2023-08-31 2023-11-28 广州蓝仕威克医疗科技有限公司 Stable and accurate mixed gas tidal volume generation control device and breathing machine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117122787A (en) * 2023-08-31 2023-11-28 广州蓝仕威克医疗科技有限公司 Stable and accurate mixed gas tidal volume generation control device and breathing machine

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