CN115622575A - Fuze simulator implementation method based on software radio - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuze simulator implementation method based on software radio. The invention uses the X310 series of USRP as the general software radio hardware platform, uses GNU Radio as the software platform, realizes hardware driving through UHD, and realizes customization by creating an OOT module Signal processing function; fuze launch signal generation and subsequent digital signal processing functions are all implemented in GNU Radio, X310 realizes digital up/down conversion and ADC/DAC functions; the fuze simulator realized by this method can produce launches of different systems and parameters Signal and realize the signal processing function simulation of different system fuzes. The invention is based on software radio, uses hardware as the basic platform of the radio fuze, realizes as many fuze functions as possible through software, and solves the integration and intercommunication capabilities of radio fuzes of different frequency bands under different systems.

Description

A Realization Method of Fuze Simulator Based on Software Radio

technical field

The invention relates to software radio technology, in particular to a method for realizing a fuze simulator based on software radio.

Background technique

There are many types of traditional radio communication equipment, poor interchangeability and unchanged production management.

Software radio technology is widely used in the field of radio communication. The characteristic is that traditional hardware radio communication equipment is only used as the basic platform of radio communication, and many communication functions are realized by software, which has strong flexibility and strong openness. sex.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for implementing a fuze simulator based on software radio, so as to overcome the problem of lack of fuze simulator implementation under the software radio architecture.

The technical solution that realizes the object of the present invention is: a kind of fuze simulator realization method based on software defined radio, comprises the following steps:

GNU Radio and USRP software radio platform construction: GNU Radio works with USRP to realize the connection between the host and the radio space, modify the host IP address and enter uhd_find_devices in the terminal, if the device information is displayed, the connection is successful, and the software radio platform is built;

Create a signal processing module: Create a new module through the gr_modtool newmod[modulename], gr_modtool add[blockname] instructions; modify /include/modulename/blockname.h to create the modulename class of the new module; modify /lib/blockname_impl.h to implement the new module class Object and member function declaration of derived class; modify /lib/blockname_impl.cc to implement member function definition and signal processing function; modify /grc/blockname.xml file to realize the visualization of the module under GNU Radio; create a new build folder and add it to the build file Clip the terminal and enter cmake../ and make commands to complete the compilation, and sudo make install to complete the installation;

Generate fuze simulator launch data: create a launch signal data generation module, the fuze simulator is used to control the type of launch signal, including linear frequency modulation, sinusoidal frequency modulation, pseudo-code phase modulation, Doppler burst and various composite systems, and set parameter generation A variety of waveform data; at the same time, choose whether to simulate the echo amplification effect, set the amplification order and the amplification rate; the data generated by the host is transmitted to the X310, and after the digital up-conversion by the FPGA and the DAC processing by the RF transmitter sub-board, it is transmitted through the antenna. After being reflected by the target, the echo signal received by the receiving antenna is processed by the ADC of the RF receiving sub-board, and then transmitted to the FPGA for digital down-conversion processing, and then transmitted to the host for further signal processing;

Echo signal processing: Aiming at the signal processing flow of different system fuzes, the FFT module measures the difference frequency of the linear frequency modulation system; the correlation processing module performs correlation processing on the pseudo code system and the pulse system; the envelope extraction module extracts the frequency of the multi-sine frequency modulation system The sub-harmonic envelope of the difference frequency signal realizes fixed distance; the under-sampling module performs time-domain under-sampling processing to extract the echo Doppler frequency; the data splitting module realizes splitting processing of data, and divides a set of data streams into multiple data streams flow to realize the distance and speed calculation of the multi-parameter system; the measurement module obtains the distance information through the difference frequency, and the Doppler frequency obtains the speed information; the echo increase rate calculation module realizes the envelope extraction of the echo signal and the function of the increase calculation; The calculation results are displayed on the terminal through the message passing mechanism.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the GNU Radio and USRP software radio platforms are a flexible and efficient software radio platform that uses GNU Radio as the software architecture and USRP as the hardware platform, and can run on multiple operating systems. The invention is based on software radio, uses hardware as the basic platform of radio fuzes, realizes as many fuze functions as possible through software, and solves the integration and intercommunication capabilities of radio fuzes of different frequency bands under different systems. With higher flexibility, new software modules can be added to add new communication functions.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a fuze simulator based on software defined radio.

Figure 2 is a display diagram of the USRP initialization terminal.

Figure 3 is the GNU Radio self-built module file directory.

Figure 4 is a flow diagram of the signal flow of the fuze simulator.

Figure 5 is a waveform diagram of the signal emitted by the fuze simulator.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of fuze simulator measurement results, signal processing waveform diagram and start signal.

detailed description

The present invention proposes a method for implementing a fuze simulator based on software radio. The method is based on software radio, uses hardware as the basic platform of radio fuze, and implements as many fuze functions as possible through software to solve the problems of different frequency bands under different systems. Integration and interoperability of radio fuzes. The present invention uses the X310 series of USRP (Universal SoftwareRadio Peripheral) as the general software radio hardware platform, uses GNU Radio as the software platform, realizes the hardware drive through UHD (Universal Hardware Driver), and realizes the self-defined signal by creating an OOT (Out of TreeModule) module Processing function. The fuze emission signal generation and subsequent digital signal processing functions are implemented in GNU Radio, and X310 realizes digital up/down conversion and ADC/DAC functions.

A method for implementing a multi-system radio fuze simulator based on software radio, the specific steps are as follows:

Step 1, build GNU Radio and USRP software radio platform. The software platform is based on the Ubuntu18.04 system, with GNU Radio, UHD and a large number of dependent libraries installed. GNU Radio works with USRP to realize the connection between the computer and the radio frequency space. Connect the host to the USRP through a 10G network cable, modify the host IP address and enter uhd_find_devices in the terminal. If the device information is displayed, the connection is successful, and the software radio platform is built.

Step 2, create a signal processing module. The signal processing module that comes with GNU Radio cannot meet the high-performance signal processing requirements of the fuze, and it is necessary to create a high-performance signal processing module. Create new modules with the gr_modtool newmod[modulename], gr_modtool add[blockname] directives. Modify /include/modulename/blockname.h to complete the declaration of the new module class; modify /lib/blockname_impl.h to realize the object and member function declaration of the derived class of the new module class; modify /lib/blockname_impl.cc to realize the function definition and signal processing Function; modify the /grc/blockname.xml file to realize the visualization of the module under GNU Radio. Create a new build folder and enter cmake../ and make commands in the terminal under the build folder to complete the compilation, and sudo make install to complete the installation.

Step 3, generate the launch data of the fuze simulator: create a launch signal data generation module, the maximum processing bandwidth of the X310 is 200MHz, and the maximum frequency of the signal generated by the host cannot exceed 100MHz, the fuze simulator can control the type of launch signal, including chirp, sine Frequency modulation, pseudo-code phase modulation, Doppler burst and various composite systems, any reasonable parameters can be set to generate a variety of waveform data. At the same time, you can choose whether to simulate the echo amplification effect, set the amplification order and the amplification rate to simulate different echo amplification effects. The data generated by the host is transmitted to the X310. After the digital up-conversion is realized by the FPGA and the DAC processing is realized by the RF transmitting sub-board, it is transmitted through the antenna. After being reflected by the target, the echo signal received by the receiving antenna is processed by the ADC of the RF receiving sub-board and transmitted. To the FPGA for digital down-conversion processing, and then transmitted to the host for further signal processing.

Step 4, signal processing of the fuze simulator: The signal processing function and calculation of the fuze simulator based on the software radio are all completed in the host computer. According to the signal processing flow of different system fuzes, the FFT module is designed to measure the difference frequency of the linear frequency modulation system; the correlation processing module performs correlation processing on the pseudo code system and the pulse system; the envelope extraction module extracts the difference frequency signal of the multi-sine frequency modulation system Each harmonic envelope realizes the fixed distance; the undersampling module performs time domain undersampling processing to extract the echo Doppler frequency; the data splitting module realizes splitting processing of data, and divides a set of data into multiple groups according to self-defined rules. Road data to realize the distance and speed calculation of the multi-parameter system. The measurement module obtains the distance information through the beat frequency, and the speed information through the Doppler frequency; the echo amplification rate measurement module realizes the functions of echo signal envelope extraction and amplitude measurement. The calculation results are displayed on the terminal through the message passing mechanism. The waveforms of signal processing at each stage can be observed through the oscilloscope module, which includes time domain diagrams, frequency domain diagrams, waterfall diagrams, etc.

Further, for the transmit signal data generation module, set the sampling rate to samp_rate (not greater than 200MHz). When transmitting the linear FM system, set the number of up-sweep frequency points and the number of down-sweep frequency points to samp_up and samp_down respectively, samp_down to 0 means sawtooth wave FM, samp_up and samp_down equal means triangular wave FM, the modulation cycle is samp_up/samp_down, and the FM bandwidth sweep_freq is general Set it to samp_rate to get the minimum distance resolution, and the signal period is ped. Based on the above parameters, a chirp transmission signal with custom parameters can be generated. The principle of multi-sine FM is similar to that of linear FM. The difference is that the frequency of the linear FM transmission signal changes linearly. Multi-parameter FM changes according to sinusoidal modulation. If the number of sampling points in a single cycle is set to samp_sin, the period is samp_sin/samp_rate. Pseudo-code signals are generated on the same principle as pulse train signals. Set the vector type parameters send_samp and wait_samp to represent the points corresponding to data with an amplitude of 1 and the points corresponding to data with an amplitude of -1 respectively. By setting the values of send_samp and wait_samp, you can customize any Pseudo code signal and burst signal. The compound system fuze can be realized by passing the module generating frequency modulation signal and the module generating pseudo code and pulse through the multiplier.

Further, the various system fuze transmission signals generated by the host are converted into analog radio frequency signals through the USRP and transmitted through the antenna. This process is controlled by the UHD::USRP Sink module, and the radio frequency signals at the receiving end can be converted into low-frequency signals through UHD::USRPSource control To the host for processing, due to the random delay of the X310 and the influence of the length of the cable connected to the antenna, it is necessary to perform distance correction and random delay calculation before each measurement to reduce the ranging error. The X310 is dual-transmitter and dual-receiver. Connect one of the transmitting ports to the receiving port directly through the feeder, and at the software side, the transmitting signal and the echo signal are measured and delayed by the correlator, and the delay information is passed to the USRP Source module. After receiving the echo signal, a receiving port will subtract this random delay amount to improve the accuracy of distance measurement. Since the actual test target speed cannot be too large, and at the same time, in order to simulate the real target scene, the Doppler effect brought by the target speed is realized on the software side, and the echo signal is transformed into the frequency domain through FFT, plus the theoretical Doppler frequency , and then IFFT into the time domain, the echo signal after Doppler compensation on the software side can simulate the echo signal of a real moving target, which can simulate the Doppler effect of a moving target. The FFT module is implemented based on the FFTW3 library to measure the difference frequency and Doppler frequency. The correlator implementation is based on volk (Vector-Optmized Library of Kernels), which quickly implements the dot product operation of two input streams, thereby obtaining the delay between the local signal and the echo signal. The envelope extraction module is based on the principle of envelope detection, and the extracted envelope is divided into multiple segments, and the average value of the amplitude of each segment is measured separately, and then the rate of increase is obtained.

Further, after establishing different signal processing models for different systems of fuzes, the obtained measurement results need to be printed on the terminal. The present invention adopts a message transmission mechanism, defines a message transmission port in the module, and sends the messages to be transmitted, such as distance, speed , Echo amplification rate is defined as polymorphic type. Polymorphic Types (Polymorphic Types) are used as data carriers passed between blocks, and are often used as labels for data streams and message delivery. Polymorphic Type data can be Boolean, integer, complex, dictionary, etc. The data flow transmission between blocks can only be transmitted from the upstream block to the downstream, and cannot be reversed, but there is no such restriction on the message transmission between the blocks, and the message transmission can be carried out between any two blocks. The result can be easily printed on the terminal through the message passing mechanism. The invention realizes the fuze simulator based on software radio for the first time.

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

Example

A method for realizing a multi-system radio fuze simulator based on software radio, as shown in Figure 1, includes the following steps:

Step 1, build GNU Radio and USRP software radio platform. The structure diagram of GNU Radio and USRP is shown in Figure 2. Modify the host IP address, connect the host and USRP with a 10G network cable, and enter uhd_find_devices in the terminal to display device information as shown in Figure 2.

Step 2: Create a signal processing module through gr_modtool, modify the .h file under /include and the .h and .cc files under /lib to implement specific signal processing functions, and modify the .xml file under /grc to realize module visualization. Create a build folder and enter cmake../ and make commands in the terminal under the build folder to complete the compilation, and sudo make install to complete the installation. The custom module file directory is shown in Figure 3.

Step 3, establish the emission signal models of different system fuzes and create flow diagrams. For the transmit signal data generation module, set the sampling rate to samp_rate (not greater than 200MHz). When transmitting the linear FM system, set the number of up-sweep frequency points and the number of down-sweep frequency points to samp_up and samp_down respectively, samp_down to 0 means sawtooth wave FM, samp_up and samp_down equal means triangular wave FM, modulation period is samp_up/samp_down, FM bandwidth sweep_freq, The period is ped, and a chirp transmission signal with custom parameters can be generated based on the above parameters. The principle of multi-sine FM is similar to that of linear FM. The difference is that the frequency of the linear FM transmission signal changes linearly. Multi-parameter FM changes according to sinusoidal modulation. If the number of sampling points in a single cycle is set to samp_sin, the period is samp_sin/samp_rate. Pseudo-code signals are generated on the same principle as pulse train signals. Set the vector parameters send_samp and wait_samp to represent the points corresponding to data with an amplitude of 1 and the points corresponding to data with an amplitude of -1 respectively. By setting the values of send_samp and wait_samp, you can customize any Pseudocode signals and burst signals. The compound system fuze can be realized by passing the module generating frequency modulation signal and the module generating pseudo code and pulse through the multiplier.

The flow diagram of the signal generated by the transmitter of the fuze simulator is shown in Figure 4, and the waveform of the signal emitted by the fuze simulator is shown in Figure 5.

Step 4, control the emission and reception of the radio frequency signal of the fuze simulator, and perform software-side signal processing on the down-converted echo signal. The various system fuze transmission signals generated by the host are converted into analog radio frequency signals by USRP and transmitted by the antenna. This process is controlled by the UHD::USRP Sink module. This module is created by GNU Radio for us and does not need to be modified. The radio frequency signal at the receiving end It can be converted into a low-frequency signal through UHD::USRP Source control and sent to the host for processing. Due to the random delay of the X310 and the influence of the length of the cable connecting the antenna, it is necessary to perform distance correction and random delay calculation before each measurement. The X310 is dual-transmitter and dual-receiver. Connect one of the transmitting ports to the receiving port directly through the feeder, and at the software side, the transmitting signal and the echo signal are measured and delayed by the correlator, and the delay information is passed to the USRP Source module. After receiving the echo signal, a receiving port will subtract this random delay amount to improve the accuracy of distance measurement. Since the actual test target speed cannot be too large, and at the same time, in order to simulate the real target scene, the Doppler effect brought by the target speed is realized on the software side, and the echo signal is transformed into the frequency domain through FFT, plus the theoretical Doppler frequency , and then IFFT into the time domain, the echo signal after Doppler compensation on the software side can simulate the echo signal of a real moving target, which can simulate the Doppler effect of a moving target. The FFT module is implemented based on the FFTW3 library to measure the difference frequency and Doppler frequency. The correlator implementation is based on volk (Vector-Optmized Library of Kernels), which quickly implements the dot product operation of two input streams, thereby obtaining the delay between the local signal and the echo signal. The envelope extraction module is based on the principle of envelope detection, and the extracted envelope is divided into multiple segments, and the average value of the amplitude of each segment is measured separately, and then the rate of increase is obtained.

In order to verify the effectiveness of the present invention, the following actual scene experiment is carried out. The system parameters are: the sampling rate is 200MHz, the center frequency is 3.4GHz, the moving distance range of the target board is 0-20m, and the speed is 200m/s. The signals of each system are sent continuously and received intermittently, and the number of calculations per unit time can be set. If the terminal continuously spits out "O" during the calculation, it means that the host cannot receive data from the USRP synchronously. Continuous spit out "U" means that the computer cannot provide a large amount of data. For USRP, the signal cycle can be appropriately reduced to reduce the amount of data. The calculation results of each system, the signal processing waveform diagram and the start signal are shown in Figure 6. The calculation results are consistent with the actual and meet the design requirements.

The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be It is considered to be within the range described in this specification.

Claims (10)

1. A method for implementing a fuze simulator based on software defined radio, comprising the following steps: GNU Radio and USRP software radio platform construction: GNU Radio works with USRP to realize the connection between the host and the radio space, modify the host IP address and enter uhd_find_devices in the terminal, if the device information is displayed, the connection is successful, and the software radio platform is built; Create a signal processing module: Create a new module through the gr_modtool newmod[modulename], gr_modtool add[blockname] instructions; modify /include/modulename/blockname.h to create the modulename class of the new module; modify /lib/blockname_impl.h to implement the new module class Object and member function declaration of derived class; modify /lib/blockname_impl.cc to implement member function definition and signal processing function; modify /grc/blockname.xml file to realize the visualization of the module under GNU Radio; create a new build folder and add it to the build file Clip the terminal and enter cmake../ and make commands to complete the compilation, and sudo make install to complete the installation; Generate fuze simulator launch data: create a launch signal data generation module, the fuze simulator is used to control the type of launch signal, including linear frequency modulation, sinusoidal frequency modulation, pseudo-code phase modulation, Doppler burst and various composite systems, and set parameter generation A variety of waveform data; at the same time, choose whether to simulate the echo amplification effect, set the amplification order and the amplification rate; the data generated by the host is transmitted to the X310, and after the digital up-conversion by the FPGA and the DAC processing by the RF transmitter sub-board, it is transmitted through the antenna. After being reflected by the target, the echo signal received by the receiving antenna is processed by the ADC of the RF receiving sub-board, and then transmitted to the FPGA for digital down-conversion processing, and then transmitted to the host for further signal processing; Echo signal processing: Aiming at the signal processing flow of different system fuzes, the FFT module measures the difference frequency of the linear frequency modulation system; the correlation processing module performs correlation processing on the pseudo code system and the pulse system; the envelope extraction module extracts the frequency of the multi-sine frequency modulation system The sub-harmonic envelope of the difference frequency signal realizes fixed distance; the under-sampling module performs time-domain under-sampling processing to extract the echo Doppler frequency; the data splitting module realizes splitting processing of data, and divides a set of data streams into multiple data streams flow to realize the distance and speed calculation of the multi-parameter system; the measurement module obtains the distance information through the difference frequency, and the Doppler frequency obtains the speed information; the echo increase rate calculation module realizes the envelope extraction of the echo signal and the function of the increase calculation; The calculation results are displayed on the terminal through the message passing mechanism. 2. the fuze simulator implementation method based on software defined radio according to claim 1, is characterized in that, software platform is based on Ubuntu18.04, installs GNU Radio, UHD and dependent library. 3. the fuze simulator implementation method based on software radio according to claim 1, is characterized in that, for the emission signal data generating module, the sampling rate is set as samp_rate; during the emission chirp system, the upper sweep frequency points and the lower sweep are set The number of frequency points are samp_up and samp_down respectively, samp_down is 0 means sawtooth wave frequency modulation, samp_up and samp_down are equal means triangular wave frequency modulation, the modulation period is samp_up/samp_down, the frequency modulation bandwidth sweep_freq is set to samp_rate to get the minimum distance resolution, and the signal period is ped , based on the above parameters, a linear frequency modulation transmission signal with custom parameters can be generated; multi-sine frequency modulation changes according to sinusoidal modulation, and the number of sampling points in a single cycle is set to samp_sin, then the cycle is samp_sin/samp_rate; pseudo code signal and burst signal generation principle Similarly, set the vector type parameters send_samp and wait_samp to represent the points corresponding to the data with an amplitude of 1 and the points corresponding to the amplitude of -1 respectively. By setting the values of send_samp and wait_samp, you can customize any pseudocode signal and burst signal; it will generate The module for frequency modulation signal and the module for generating pseudocode and pulse realize the complex system fuze through the multiplier. 4. The fuze simulator implementation method based on software radio according to claim 3, characterized in that, the sampling rate samp_rate is not greater than 200MHz. 5. The method for implementing the fuze simulator based on software defined radio according to claim 1, wherein the maximum processing bandwidth of the X310 is 200MHz, and the maximum frequency of the signal generated by the host computer does not exceed 100MHz. 6. the fuze simulator implementation method based on software defined radio according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the waveform of the signal processing of each stage is observed by oscilloscope module, and oscilloscope module shows time domain diagram, frequency domain diagram, waterfall diagram. 7. the fuze simulator implementation method based on software radio according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the various system fuze emission signals that host computer generates are converted into analog radio frequency signal through antenna emission by USRP; Connect one of the transmitting ports to the receiving port directly through the feeder, and measure the delay of the transmitting signal and the echo signal through the correlator on the software side, and pass the delay information to the USRP Source module, and the other receiving port receives the echo After the signal, this random delay will be subtracted; the echo signal is transformed into the frequency domain by FFT, plus the theoretical Doppler frequency, and then transformed into the time domain by IFFT, and the echo after Doppler compensation on the software side The signal simulates the echo signal of a real moving target, which can simulate the Doppler effect of the moving target; the FFT module is implemented based on the FFTW3 library to measure the difference frequency and Doppler frequency; the correlator is based on volk to realize two input streams The dot product operation, so as to obtain the delay between the local signal and the echo signal; the envelope extraction module is based on the principle of envelope detection, the extracted envelope is divided into multiple segments, and the average value of each segment is measured separately, and then the rate of increase is obtained. . 8. The fuze simulator implementation method based on software radio according to claim 7, characterized in that, the various system fuze transmission signals generated by the host computer are converted into analog radio frequency signals by USRP and transmitted through the antenna, and this process is controlled by UHD:: Controlled by the USRP Sink module, the RF signal at the receiving end is converted into a low-frequency signal through UHD::USRP Source control and sent to the host for processing. 9. The fuze simulator implementation method based on software radio according to claim 7, characterized in that, after different signal processing models are set up for different system fuzes, the measurement results obtained are printed at the terminal, and a message transmission mechanism is adopted, and in the module Define the message delivery port, and define the message to be delivered as a polymorphic type. 10. The method for implementing a fuze simulator based on software defined radio according to claim 9, wherein the message to be transmitted includes distance, speed, and echo amplification rate.

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