CN115622343B - Method, device, equipment and medium for determining chute angle of motor rotor - Google Patents
Method, device, equipment and medium for determining chute angle of motor rotor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of motors, and provides a method, a device, equipment and a medium for determining an angle of a chute of a motor rotor. The method comprises the following steps: determining a first number of candidate chute angles; the rotor chute of each candidate chute angle is equivalent to a superposed structure formed by arranging a second number of straight slots, and a first air gap flux density component of each straight slot in the superposed structure is determined; determining a first air gap flux density component of each superimposed structure; determining a first air gap flux density component amplitude corresponding to the stator and rotor tooth harmonic times of the motor under the candidate chute angle corresponding to each superposition structure; determining the efficiency parameter of the motor under each candidate chute angle; and selecting a target chute angle from the candidate chute angles of the first number according to the first air gap flux density component amplitude and the efficiency parameter corresponding to the stator and rotor tooth harmonic frequency of the motor under each candidate chute angle. The invention can realize the balance of noise and performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a method and a device for determining the angle of a chute of a motor rotor, computing equipment and a computer readable medium.
Background
The skewed slot angle of the rotor of the existing motor, especially the 1LE0003-0EC4 motor, is mostly 1.77 stator slots. Although the angle of the chute weakens the noise of the motor, the chute has larger influence on the performance of the motor, so that the efficiency of the motor is lower, namely the noise of the motor is reduced on the premise of sacrificing the performance of the motor.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for determining the chute angle of a motor rotor, computing equipment and a computer readable medium, which can meet the performance requirements of users and simultaneously have smaller noise ratio of a motor.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining a chute angle of a rotor of an electric machine, including:
determining a first number of candidate chute angles;
the rotor chute at each candidate chute angle is equivalent to a superposition structure formed by arranging a second number of straight slots, and a first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight slot in the superposition structure is determined;
determining a first air gap flux density component corresponding to each superposed structure according to the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight slot in each superposed structure;
determining a first air gap flux density component amplitude corresponding to the stator and rotor tooth harmonic times of the motor at a candidate chute angle corresponding to each superposed structure according to the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each superposed structure;
determining a performance parameter of the motor at each candidate chute angle;
and selecting a target chute angle from the first number of candidate chute angles according to the first air gap flux density component amplitude and the efficiency parameter corresponding to the harmonic times of the teeth of the stator and the rotor of the motor under each candidate chute angle.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for determining a chute angle of a rotor of an electric machine, including:
a first determination module for determining a first number of candidate chute angles;
the second determining module is used for enabling the rotor chute at each candidate chute angle to be equivalent to a stacked structure formed by arranging a second number of straight grooves, and determining a first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight groove in the stacked structure;
the third determining module is used for determining the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each superposed structure according to the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight slot in each superposed structure;
the fourth determining module is used for determining the first air gap flux density component amplitude corresponding to the stator and rotor tooth harmonic frequency of the motor under the candidate chute angle corresponding to each superposed structure according to the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each superposed structure;
a fifth determining module for determining a performance parameter of the motor at each candidate chute angle;
and the target selecting module is used for selecting and taking out a target chute angle from the candidate chute angles of the first number according to the first air gap flux density component amplitude and the efficiency parameter corresponding to the stator and rotor tooth harmonic frequency of the motor under each candidate chute angle.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computing device, including: at least one memory and at least one processor;
the at least one memory to store a machine readable program;
the at least one processor is configured to invoke the machine-readable program to perform the method provided by the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable medium having stored thereon computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method provided in the first aspect.
The method and the device for determining the chute angle of the motor rotor, the computing equipment and the computer readable medium provided by the embodiment of the invention are characterized in that a plurality of candidate chute angles are firstly obtained, then the rotor chute of each candidate chute angle is equivalent to a stacked structure formed by arranging a second number of straight slots, a first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight slot in the stacked structure is calculated, and a first air gap flux density component corresponding to each stacked structure is further calculated. And then according to the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each superposed structure, determining a first air gap flux density component amplitude corresponding to the harmonic times of the stator and rotor teeth of the motor under the candidate chute angle corresponding to the superposed structure, and representing the noise of the motor by using the first air gap flux density component amplitude corresponding to the harmonic times of the stator and rotor teeth of the motor. And meanwhile, calculating an efficiency parameter representing the electrical performance of the motor, and determining the angle of the target chute according to the efficiency parameter and the magnetic flux density component amplitude of the first air gap. When the target chute angle is determined, the amplitude value and the efficiency parameter of the magnetic density component of the first air gap are considered at the same time, so that the determined target chute angle meets the performance requirements of users, the noise ratio of the motor is low, and the balance between noise and performance is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining a chute angle of a rotor of an electric machine in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of S200 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of one specific implementation of S400 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of S600 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating another specific implementation of S600 of FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a block diagram showing the structure of a chute angle determining device of a motor rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer and more complete, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention, and based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of the present invention.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining a chute angle of a rotor of an electric machine.
Referring to fig. 1, the method provided by the embodiment of the invention may include the following steps S100 to S600:
s100, determining a first number of candidate chute angles;
the candidate chute angles may be selected from a plurality of chute angles within a certain range as required, for example, 0 stator slot, 0.7 stator slot, 0.9 stator slot, 1.1 stator slot, 1.2 stator slot, 1.3 stator slot, and 1.77 stator slot.
It can be understood that the embodiment of the present invention is directed to a motor rotor, and the motor may be any motor, for example, a 6-pole motor 1LE0003-0EC4 motor, and a 1LE0003-0EC4 motor using a stator and rotor slot matching 36 slots/28 slots, a pole stator being 36 slots, and a rotor being 28 slots.
S200, enabling the rotor chute at each candidate chute angle to be equivalent to a stacked structure formed by arranging a second number of straight grooves, and determining a first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight groove in the stacked structure;
it can be understood that the rotor chute corresponding to each candidate chute angle is equivalent to a stacked structure formed by gradient arrangement of a plurality of straight grooves, namely equivalent processing is carried out, and the rotor chute corresponding to one candidate chute angle corresponds to one stacked structure. This step can also be understood as dividing the rotor chute into a plurality of straight slots, each arranged in a gradient along the chute angle, resulting in a stacked structure.
Wherein the second number may be set as desired, e.g. to 7, such that each rotor chute will be divided into 7 straight slots.
Wherein the air gap flux density is actually the magnetic load. The magnetic force lines of the motor can penetrate through the rotor core and the air gap, and the magnetic pressure drop of the air gap occupies most of the magnetic circuit under the condition of non-deep saturation due to the large magnetic resistance of the air gap. The magnetic field in the air gap has both a radial and a tangential component, but is dominated by the radial component, so the first air gap flux density component can be the radial component.
The air gap flux density is divided into a radial component and a tangential component, the radial component of the air gap flux density can be called as a first air gap flux density component, and thus the amplitude of the first air gap flux density component is the amplitude of the radial component of the air gap flux density. The tangential component may be referred to as a second air gap flux density component.
In a specific implementation, referring to fig. 2, S200 may specifically include S210 to S220:
s210, enabling the rotor chute at each candidate chute angle to be equivalent to a stacked structure formed by arranging a second number of straight grooves, and determining air gap flux density corresponding to each straight groove in the stacked structure;
the air gap flux density is the vector sum of a first air gap flux density component and a second air gap flux density component, and the second air gap flux density component is a tangential component of the air gap flux density.
Further, S210 may specifically include: inputting the size parameters of the rotor chute at each candidate chute angle into a finite element model, so that the finite element model enables the rotor chute at the candidate chute angle to be equivalent to a stacked structure formed by arranging a second number of straight grooves, and outputting the air gap flux density corresponding to each straight groove in the stacked structure.
That is, here, the rotor skewed slot is divided into a plurality of straight slots by using a finite element model, and then the air gap flux density of each straight slot is calculated. And inputting the size parameters of the rotor chute into a finite element model, wherein the finite element model can construct the rotor chute in a magnetic field according to the size information, and then the steps of straight chute segmentation, air gap flux density calculation and the like are carried out.
It can be understood that the finite element model calculates the air gap flux density corresponding to the candidate chute angle, and the simulation of the chute angle is strictly a 3D problem, but the 3D simulation is simplified into a 2D equivalent model due to the low calculation efficiency and resource limitation of the 3D simulation. The rotor chute is axially divided into a plurality of sections, each section is a straight groove, and each section corresponds to one 2D project, so that the problem is simplified.
S220, extracting a first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight slot from the air gap flux density corresponding to each straight slot.
It will be appreciated that the first air gap flux density component can be extracted from its air gap flux density in a number of ways for each straight slot here. For example, in S220, a first calculation formula may be adopted to extract a first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight slot from the air gap flux densities corresponding to the straight slot, where the first calculation formula is:
wherein B is the magnetic density component of the first air gap,
is the x-axis component of the air gap flux density,
is the y-axis component of the air gap flux density,
and the angle is the cylindrical coordinate angle of the air gap flux density.
The cylindrical coordinate system is a coordinate system that defines a spatial coordinate of the object by using a plane polar coordinate and a Z-direction distance, and if the spatial rectangular coordinate system is the same, there is a value variable in the cylindrical coordinate system. The three coordinate variables in the cylindrical coordinate system are r, phi, z. Wherein r is the length of the projection of a straight line segment between a point in space and an origin on a plane xoy, phi is the included angle between the ox axis and the straight line segment, and z is the height of the point in space. Coordinate angle in the first calculation formula
I.e., phi.
In the first calculation formula, when the radial component is calculated, the z-axis component and the y-axis component of the air gap flux density are respectively related to the angle
And multiplying the cosine value and the sine value to obtain two products, and summing the two products to obtain a radial component. This approach is very simple and easy to implement.
That is, the rotor chute of each candidate chute angle is divided into a plurality of straight slots, then the air gap flux density corresponding to each straight slot is calculated, and then the radial component is extracted from the air gap flux density of each straight slot to be used as the first air gap flux density component.
S300, determining a first air gap flux density component corresponding to each superposed structure according to the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight slot in each superposed structure;
it can be understood that the first air gap flux density components corresponding to the respective straight slots in each stacked structure may be summed to obtain the first air gap flux density component corresponding to the stacked structure. In a stacked structure, there may be first air gap flux densities in opposite directions, that is, some straight slots have positive first air gap flux densities and some straight slots have negative first air gap flux densities, and the positive and negative first air gap flux densities need to be considered when summing.
It can be understood that, through the step S300, the first air gap flux density component corresponding to the superimposed structure corresponding to each candidate chute angle can be obtained.
S400, determining a first air gap magnetic density component amplitude corresponding to the stator and rotor tooth harmonic times of the motor at a candidate chute angle corresponding to each superposed structure according to the first air gap magnetic density component corresponding to each superposed structure;
it will be appreciated that the stator and rotor tooth harmonic orders include stator tooth harmonic orders and rotor tooth harmonic orders. The harmonic times of the stator and rotor teeth of different motors are different, so in S400, the first air gap flux density component amplitude corresponding to the harmonic times of the stator and rotor teeth of the motor is determined for each candidate chute angle.
In a specific implementation, referring to fig. 3, S400 may include the following steps S410 to S430:
s410, calculating the harmonic times of the stator and rotor teeth of the motor;
it will be appreciated that the relevant parameters vary from motor to motor, and therefore the number of stator and rotor tooth harmonics varies from motor to motor.
In a specific implementation, the stator tooth harmonic order of the motor may be calculated by using a second calculation formula, where the second calculation formula is:
in the formula,
is the stator tooth harmonic order of the motor,
is the number of stator slots of the motor,
is the pole pair number of the motor, m is the phase number of the motor,
the number of slots per phase per pole of the stator.
For example, the stator tooth harmonic orders of the motor can be calculated to be 11 and 13 based on the second calculation formula.
In a specific implementation, the harmonic order of the rotor teeth of the motor may be calculated by using a third calculation formula, where the third calculation formula is:
in the formula,
is the harmonic order of the rotor teeth of the motor,
is the motorThe number of the rotor slots of (a),
is the pole pair number of the motor, m is the phase number of the motor,
the number of slots per phase per pole of the rotor.
For example, the harmonic orders of the rotor teeth of the motor can be calculated to be 10 and 12 based on the third calculation formula.
S420, determining first air gap flux density component amplitudes corresponding to each subharmonic under the candidate chute angle corresponding to each superposed structure according to the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each superposed structure;
it can be understood that, in step S420, the first air gap flux density component amplitude corresponding to each harmonic at each candidate chute angle is determined. Each of the harmonics herein includes the number of harmonics of the stator and rotor teeth of the motor calculated in S410. That is, the first air gap flux density component amplitudes corresponding to 10, 11, 12, 13 and other higher harmonics are determined in S420.
In one embodiment, in S420, fourier decomposition may be performed on the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each stacked structure, so as to obtain the first air gap flux density component amplitude corresponding to each harmonic at the candidate chute angle corresponding to the stacked structure. That is to say, the amplitude of the magnetic density component of the first air gap corresponding to each harmonic can be obtained by means of fourier decomposition.
S430, selecting the first air gap flux density component amplitude corresponding to the harmonic times of the fixed rotor teeth at each candidate chute angle from the first air gap flux density component amplitudes corresponding to the harmonics at each candidate chute angle.
For example, the first air gap flux density component amplitudes corresponding to 10, 11, 12 and 13 th-order tooth harmonics are selected from the first air gap flux density component amplitudes corresponding to each harmonic under the angle of one candidate chute.
It can be understood that the amplitude of the magnetic flux density component of the first air gap corresponding to the harmonic times of the teeth of the stator and the rotor of the motor at a candidate chute angle can represent the noise magnitude of the motor at the candidate chute angle. Through multiple experiments, when the angle of the candidate skewed slot is near 1 stator slot, the amplitude of the magnetic density component of the first air gap corresponding to the harmonic frequency of the teeth of the stator and the rotor of the motor is lower, namely the noise of the motor is lower.
S500, determining the efficiency parameters of the motor under each candidate chute angle;
the performance parameters may include motor efficiency, power factor, etc. The calculation method of the motor efficiency and the power factor can refer to the existing calculation formula, which is not described herein.
It can be understood that through many experiments, the larger the candidate chute angle is, the smaller the motor efficiency and power factor is, i.e. the worse the performance of the motor is.
S600, selecting and taking out a target chute angle from the candidate chute angles of the first number according to the first air gap flux density component amplitude and the efficiency parameter corresponding to the stator and rotor tooth harmonic frequency of the motor under each candidate chute angle.
It can be understood that, under a candidate skewed slot angle, the amplitude of the magnetic density component of the first air gap corresponding to the harmonic frequency of the teeth of the stator and the rotor of the motor represents the noise of the motor, and the performance parameter of the motor represents the performance condition of the motor. In practice, there may be situations where low noise and high performance conflict, and therefore a balance between noise and performance is required to select an appropriate candidate chute angle.
See the following table 1,1.77 stator slots and 1.2 stator slots for comparison of power factor, efficiency and noise at two candidate skewed slot angles. The motor adopts the tooth harmonic magnetic density of the rotor chute with 1.2 stator slots to be lower, and the sum of the higher harmonic magnetic density amplitude is also lower. Two rotor chutes of 1.2 stator slots were compared with two rotor chutes of 1.77 stator slots to obtain the following table 1. As can be seen from table 1, the power factors corresponding to the two candidate skewed slot angles are substantially even, but the efficiency of the candidate skewed slot angle of 1.2 stator slots is significantly higher than that of the candidate skewed slot angle of 1.77 stator slots, and the motor noise corresponding to the candidate skewed slot angle of 1.2 stator slots is relatively stable and relatively low. So overall it is better to choose 1.2 stator slots than 1.77 stator slots.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1 above, when there are only two candidate chute angles, equalization from multiple angles is required. When the number of candidate chute angles is large, the process of selecting the target chute angle is more complicated. In order to quickly and accurately select a suitable target chute angle from a plurality of candidate chute angles, various modes can be adopted for selection, and two optional modes are provided below.
(1) In a first mode
Referring to FIG. 4, S600 may include the following steps S610a to S630a:
s610a, calculating the sum of the magnetic density component amplitudes of a first air gap corresponding to the harmonic times of the teeth of the stator and the rotor of the motor under each candidate chute angle;
it can be understood that, because there are a plurality of harmonic times of the stator and rotor teeth of the motor, in order to reflect the overall noise condition of the motor, the amplitudes of the magnetic density components of the first air gap corresponding to the harmonic times of the stator and rotor teeth of the motor at a candidate chute angle may be summed to obtain the sum of the amplitudes of the magnetic density components of the first air gap corresponding to the candidate chute angle.
Referring to table 2 below, it can be seen that the sum of the first air gap flux density component amplitude and the first air gap flux density component amplitude corresponding to the stator and rotor tooth harmonic number of the motor at each candidate skewed slot angle. As can be seen from table 2, the sum of the first air gap flux density component amplitudes of 1 stator slot, 1.1 stator slot, and 1.2 stator slots is the three candidate skewed slot angles at which the sum of the first air gap flux density component amplitudes is the lowest, where the sum of the first air gap flux density component amplitudes of 1.2 stator slots is the lowest among all the candidate skewed slot angles.
TABLE 2
Through Fourier decomposition, not only the air gap flux density of fundamental waves can be obtained, but also the air gap flux density of higher harmonics can be obtained.
S620a, selecting candidate chute angles with the efficacy parameters within a preset optimal range from the first number of candidate chute angles;
it can be understood that when the efficiency parameter is within the preset optimal range, the performance of the motor is better, and the performance condition can meet the requirements of users.
Referring to table 3 below, it can be seen that the larger the candidate chute angle is, the smaller the power factor is, and the lower the efficiency is, in order to avoid the power factor and the efficiency being too low, the preset preferred range of the power factor is selected to be equal to or greater than 0.65, and the preset preferred range of the efficiency is set to be equal to or greater than 80.50%, so that the candidate chute angles selected based on the preset preferred range are 0.9, 1, 1.1, and 1.2 stator slots. Of course, if the candidate chute angles screened out according to the respective preset preferred ranges of the power factor and the efficiency are not completely the same, the intersection may be obtained from the candidate chute angles screened out according to the power factor and the candidate chute angles screened out according to the efficiency, and the intersection may be used as the execution result of step S620.
TABLE 3
S630a, selecting a candidate chute angle with the smallest sum of the first air gap flux density component amplitudes from the candidate chute angles with the performance parameter within a preset preferred range as the target chute angle.
Based on the above steps, a candidate chute angle of 1.2 stator slots can be selected as a target chute angle.
It can be understood that, under the target chute angle screened according to the step S630a, the performance condition of the motor is relatively excellent, the performance requirement of people can be met, and the noise is the lowest on the basis of the good performance condition, so that the electrical performance and the noise can be balanced according to the steps S610 to S630, and the suitable target chute angle can be obtained.
(2) Mode two
Referring to FIG. 5, S600 may include the following steps S610 b-S630 b:
s610b, calculating the sum of the magnetic density component amplitudes of the first air gap corresponding to the harmonic times of the teeth of the stator and the rotor of the motor under each candidate chute angle;
it is understood that the step S610b is the same as the step S610a, and reference may be specifically made to the description in S610 a.
S620b, calculating a comprehensive evaluation value of the angle of the candidate chute according to the sum of the magnetic flux density component amplitudes of the first air gap corresponding to each angle of the candidate chute, the motor efficiency and the power factor;
it will be appreciated that the composite estimate of a candidate chute angle is indicative of the composite of noise, performance conditions at that candidate chute angle. It is understood that the larger the noise, the lower the composite evaluation value. The larger the motor efficiency and the power factor are, the higher the comprehensive evaluation value is. The higher the comprehensive evaluation value is, the more suitable the corresponding candidate chute angle is as the target chute angle.
Further, in S620b, the comprehensive evaluation value may specifically be calculated by using a fourth calculation formula, where the fourth calculation formula includes:
in the formula,
as a comprehensive evaluation value of the ith candidate chute angle,
to provide motor efficiency at the ith candidate chute angle,
for the power factor at the ith candidate chute angle,
and a and b are weighted values, wherein the sum of the first air gap flux density component amplitudes at the ith candidate chute angle is shown as a sum.
In the fourth calculation formula described above, b is 0 if the electrical performance of the motor is characterized by efficiency, and a is 0 if the electrical performance of the motor is characterized by power factor. If the electrical performance of the motor is represented by adopting the efficiency and the power factor, a and b can not be 0,a and b, the power factor and the efficiency can not be weighted, and if the power factor is large in ratio when the electrical performance is considered, b is larger than a. If the ratio of efficiency is large when considering electrical performance, a is larger than b. A and b are the same if the ratio of efficiency and power factor is the same.
It can be understood that the larger the sum of the magnitudes of the magnetic density components of the first air gap, the smaller the comprehensive evaluation value, and the larger the efficiency sum factor, the larger the comprehensive evaluation value, thereby reflecting the influence of noise, power factor, efficiency on the comprehensive evaluation value.
S630b, selecting the candidate chute angle with the highest comprehensive evaluation value as the target chute angle.
It can be understood that an appropriate target chute angle is selected in S610 b-S630 b based on the comprehensive evaluation value.
In summary, the target chute angle can be determined by the above-mentioned first or second method. For the same scene, the target chute angles determined by the first mode and the second mode are probably different, but the determined target chute angles take the electrical performance and the noise into consideration, and the target chute angles are selected by balancing the two modes, so that the requirements of users can be met.
The following comparative analyses were performed for the chute angles of 1.2 and 1.77 stator slots from the following angles:
firstly, the tooth harmonic frequency in the 1/3 octave spectrum is calculated by adopting the following formula, and then 1/3 octave noise frequency spectrograms of the chute angles of 1.2 stator slots and 1.77 stator slots are obtained through a pattern test. From the 1/3 frequency multiplication noise spectrum diagram, it can be seen that the 1.2 stator slots have more gradual change and smaller amplitude than the 1/3 frequency multiplication noise spectrum of the chute angle of the 1.77 stator slots.
Wherein,
k =1 or 2,z is the number of stator and rotor slots,
for the supply frequency, n rotational speeds.
Referring to table 4 below, a comparison of the tooth harmonic amplitudes in the 1/3 octave spectrum at two skewed slot angles can be seen, where in table 4 the skewed slot angle of 1.2 stator slots corresponds to a tooth harmonic that is lower than the skewed slot angle of 1.77 stator slots.
TABLE 4
Referring to the following table 5, it can be seen that the winding coefficients of the harmonic numbers of teeth are compared under different chute angles, and the harmonic winding coefficient is the smallest when the chute angle is 1 to 1.2 stator slots. When the angle of the inclined slot is 1.2 stator slots, the finite element model is most accurate when considering the influence of factors such as distributed windings, short-distance windings and the like on higher harmonics.
TABLE 5
It can be known that the skewed slot angle of 1.2 stator slots is better than that of 1.77 stator slots by comparing and analyzing the 1/3 frequency multiplication noise frequency spectrum, the tooth harmonic amplitude, the tooth harmonic winding coefficient and the like. The chute angle of 1.2 stator slots is a target chute angle calculated based on S610 a-S630 a, and the chute angle of 1.77 stator slots is a chute angle adopted by most motors at present, so that the target chute angle selected by the embodiment of the invention is more suitable for the chute angle adopted at present.
The method for determining the chute angle of the motor rotor comprises the steps of firstly obtaining a plurality of candidate chute angles, then enabling the rotor chute of each candidate chute angle to be equivalent to a stacked structure formed by arranging a second number of straight grooves, calculating a first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight groove in the stacked structure, and further calculating a first air gap flux density component corresponding to each stacked structure. And then according to the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each superposed structure, determining a first air gap flux density component amplitude corresponding to the harmonic times of the stator and rotor teeth of the motor under the candidate chute angle corresponding to the superposed structure, and representing the noise of the motor by using the first air gap flux density component amplitude corresponding to the harmonic times of the stator and rotor teeth of the motor. And meanwhile, calculating an efficiency parameter representing the electrical performance of the motor, and determining the angle of the target chute according to the efficiency parameter and the magnetic flux density component amplitude of the first air gap. When the target chute angle is determined, the amplitude value and the efficiency parameter of the magnetic density component of the first air gap are considered at the same time, so that the determined target chute angle meets the performance requirements of users, the noise ratio of the motor is low, and the balance between noise and performance is realized. Namely, according to the embodiment of the invention, the target chute angle for realizing the optimal balance between the noise and the performance of the motor is selected through the influence of different candidate chute angles on the noise, the efficiency and the power factor of the motor.
Moreover, the chute angle of the rotor chute determined by the embodiment of the invention is relative to the chute angle in the prior art, so that the efficiency and the power factor of the motor can be improved, and the noise is reduced. The more the amount of copper in the stator slot is, the higher the efficiency of the motor is, and the efficiency of the motor can be improved through the embodiment of the invention, so that the using amount of copper in the stator slot can be reduced when the same motor efficiency is realized, and the cost of the motor is reduced. Since the higher the efficiency, the less the losses of the motor, the temperature rise can be reduced. In addition, due to the fact that the proper target chute angle is selected, high basic electromotive force of the rotor chute can be guaranteed, and performance of the motor is further improved.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a device for determining a chute angle of a rotor of an electric machine.
Referring to fig. 6, an apparatus 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
a first determination module 100 for determining a first number of candidate chute angles;
the second determining module 200 is configured to equate the rotor chute at each candidate chute angle to a stacked structure formed by arranging a second number of straight slots, and determine a first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight slot in the stacked structure;
a third determining module 300, configured to determine, according to the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight slot in each stacked structure, a first air gap flux density component corresponding to the stacked structure;
the fourth determining module 400 is configured to determine, according to the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each stacking structure, a first air gap flux density component amplitude corresponding to the number of harmonic times of the teeth of the rotor and the stator of the motor at the candidate chute angle corresponding to the stacking structure;
a fifth determining module 500 for determining a performance parameter of the motor at each candidate chute angle;
and the target selecting module 600 is configured to select a target chute angle from the first number of candidate chute angles according to the first air gap flux density component amplitude and the efficiency parameter corresponding to the stator and rotor tooth harmonic frequency of the motor at each candidate chute angle.
In one embodiment, the first air gap flux density component is a radial component of the air gap flux density, and the amplitude of the first air gap flux density component is the amplitude of the radial component of the air gap flux density; correspondingly, the second determining module includes:
the first determining unit is used for enabling the rotor chute of each candidate chute angle to be equivalent to a stacked structure formed by arranging a second number of straight grooves, and determining air gap flux density corresponding to each straight groove in the stacked structure; the air gap flux density is the vector sum of a first air gap flux density component and a second air gap flux density component, and the second air gap flux density component is a tangential component of the air gap flux density;
and the component extraction unit is used for extracting a first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight slot from the air gap flux density corresponding to the straight slot.
Further, the first determining unit is specifically configured to: inputting the size parameters of the rotor chute at each candidate chute angle into a finite element model so that the finite element model enables the rotor chute at the candidate chute angle to be equivalent to a stacked structure formed by arranging a second number of straight grooves, and outputting the air gap flux density corresponding to each straight groove in the stacked structure.
Further, the component extracting unit is specifically configured to: extracting a first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight groove from the air gap flux density corresponding to each straight groove by adopting a first calculation formula, wherein the first calculation formula is as follows:
wherein B is the magnetic density component of the first air gap,
is the x-axis component of the air gap flux density,
is the y-axis component of the air gap flux density,
and the angle is the cylindrical coordinate angle of the air gap flux density.
In one embodiment, the fourth determining module comprises:
the frequency calculation unit is used for calculating the harmonic frequency of the stator and rotor teeth of the motor;
the second determining unit is used for determining the first air gap flux density component amplitude corresponding to each harmonic under the candidate chute angle corresponding to each superposed structure according to the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each superposed structure;
the first selection unit is used for selecting the first air gap flux density component amplitude corresponding to the harmonic frequency of the fixed rotor teeth under each candidate chute angle from the first air gap flux density component amplitudes corresponding to the harmonics under each candidate chute angle.
Further, the second determining unit is specifically configured to: and carrying out Fourier decomposition on the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each superposed structure to obtain the first air gap flux density component amplitude corresponding to each subharmonic under the candidate chute angle corresponding to the superposed structure.
Further, the number calculating unit is configured to calculate the number of times of the stator tooth harmonic of the motor by using a second calculation formula, where the second calculation formula is:
in the formula,
is the stator tooth harmonic order of the motor,
is the number of stator slots of the motor,
is the pole pair number of the motor, m is the phase number of the motor,
the number of slots per phase per pole of the stator.
Further, the number calculating unit is configured to calculate the number of harmonic times of the rotor teeth of the motor by using a third calculation formula, where the third calculation formula is:
in the formula,
is the harmonic order of the rotor teeth of the motor,
is the number of rotor slots of the motor,
is the pole pair number of the motor, m is the phase number of the motor,
the number of slots per phase per pole of the rotor.
In one embodiment, the target selection module comprises:
the first summing unit is used for calculating the sum of the magnetic density component amplitudes of a first air gap corresponding to the harmonic times of the teeth of the stator and the rotor of the motor under each candidate chute angle;
the second selection unit is used for selecting candidate chute angles of which the efficiency parameters are within a preset optimal range from the first number of candidate chute angles;
and the third selecting unit is used for selecting the candidate chute angle with the minimum sum of the first air gap flux density component amplitudes from the candidate chute angles with the efficacy parameters in the preset optimal range as the target chute angle.
In one embodiment, the target selection module comprises:
the first summing unit is used for calculating the sum of the magnetic density component amplitudes of a first air gap corresponding to the harmonic times of the teeth of the stator and the rotor of the motor under each candidate chute angle;
the angle evaluation unit is used for calculating a comprehensive evaluation value of each candidate chute angle according to the sum of the magnetic flux density component amplitudes of the first air gap corresponding to each candidate chute angle, the motor efficiency and the power factor;
and the fourth selecting unit is used for selecting the candidate chute angle with the highest comprehensive evaluation value as the target chute angle.
Further, the angle evaluation unit is specifically configured to: calculating the comprehensive evaluation value by using a fourth calculation formula, wherein the fourth calculation formula comprises:
in the formula,
as a comprehensive evaluation value of the ith candidate chute angle,
to provide motor efficiency at the ith candidate chute angle,
for the power factor at the ith candidate chute angle,
and a and b are weighted values, wherein the sum of the first air gap flux density component amplitudes at the ith candidate chute angle is shown as a sum.
It is to be understood that for the explanation, the detailed description, the beneficial effects, the examples and the like of the related contents in the apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention, reference may be made to the corresponding parts in the method provided in the first aspect, and details are not described herein again.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computing device, including: at least one memory and at least one processor;
the at least one memory to store a machine readable program;
the at least one processor is configured to invoke the machine-readable program to perform the method provided by the first aspect.
It is to be understood that for the explanation, the detailed description, the beneficial effects, the examples and the like of the related contents in the device provided in the embodiment of the present invention, reference may be made to the corresponding parts in the method provided in the first aspect, and details are not described here.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable medium, on which computer instructions are stored, and when executed by a processor, the computer instructions cause the processor to execute the method provided in the first aspect.
Specifically, a system or an apparatus equipped with a storage medium on which software program codes that realize the functions of any of the above-described embodiments are stored may be provided, and a computer (or a CPU or MPU) of the system or the apparatus is caused to read out and execute the program codes stored in the storage medium.
In this case, the program code itself read from the storage medium can realize the functions of any of the above-described embodiments, and thus the program code and the storage medium storing the program code constitute a part of the present invention.
Examples of the storage medium for supplying the program code include a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magneto-optical disk, an optical disk (e.g., CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-ROM, DVD-RAM, DVD-RW, DVD + RW), a magnetic tape, a nonvolatile memory card, and a ROM. Alternatively, the program code may be downloaded from a server computer by a communications network.
Further, it should be clear that the functions of any one of the above-described embodiments may be implemented not only by executing the program code read out by the computer, but also by causing an operating system or the like operating on the computer to perform a part or all of the actual operations based on instructions of the program code.
Further, it is to be understood that the program code read out from the storage medium is written to a memory provided in an expansion board inserted into the computer or to a memory provided in an expansion module connected to the computer, and then causes a CPU or the like mounted on the expansion board or the expansion module to perform part or all of the actual operations based on instructions of the program code, thereby realizing the functions of any of the above-described embodiments.
It is to be understood that for the explanation, the detailed description, the beneficial effects, the examples and the like of the contents in the computer-readable medium provided in the embodiment of the present invention, reference may be made to the corresponding parts in the method provided in the first aspect, and details are not described here.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the apparatus embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment for relevant points.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that, in one or more of the examples described above, the functions described in this disclosure may be implemented in hardware, software, hardware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. A method for determining the angle of a chute of a motor rotor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining a first number of candidate chute angles;
the rotor chute of each candidate chute angle is equivalent to a stacked structure formed by arranging a second number of straight grooves, and a first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight groove in the stacked structure is determined;
determining a first air gap flux density component corresponding to each superposed structure according to the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight slot in each superposed structure;
determining a first air gap flux density component amplitude corresponding to the stator and rotor tooth harmonic times of the motor under the candidate chute angle corresponding to each superposed structure according to the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each superposed structure;
determining a performance parameter of the motor at each candidate chute angle;
and selecting a target chute angle from the first number of candidate chute angles according to the first air gap flux density component amplitude and the efficiency parameter corresponding to the harmonic times of the teeth of the stator and the rotor of the motor under each candidate chute angle.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first air gap flux density component is a radial component of air gap flux density, and the first air gap flux density component has an amplitude that is the radial component of air gap flux density;
correspondingly, the equivalent of the rotor chute at each candidate chute angle to a stacked structure formed by arranging a second number of straight slots and determining a first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight slot in the stacked structure comprises:
the rotor chute at each candidate chute angle is equivalent to a superposed structure formed by arranging a second number of straight grooves, and the air gap flux density corresponding to each straight groove in the superposed structure is determined; the air gap flux density is the vector sum of a first air gap flux density component and a second air gap flux density component, and the second air gap flux density component is a tangential component of the air gap flux density;
and extracting a first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight slot from the air gap flux density corresponding to each straight slot.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of equating the rotor chute at each candidate chute angle to a superimposed structure of a second number of straight slots and determining the air gap flux density corresponding to each straight slot in the superimposed structure comprises:
inputting the size parameters of the rotor chute at each candidate chute angle into a finite element model, so that the finite element model enables the rotor chute at the candidate chute angle to be equivalent to a stacked structure formed by arranging a second number of straight grooves, and outputting the air gap flux density corresponding to each straight groove in the stacked structure.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein extracting the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight slot from the air gap flux density corresponding to the straight slot comprises: extracting a first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight slot from the air gap flux density corresponding to each straight slot by adopting a first calculation formula, wherein the first calculation formula is as follows:
wherein B is the magnetic density component of the first air gap,
is the x-axis component of the air gap flux density,
is the y-axis component of the air gap flux density,
and the angle is the cylindrical coordinate angle of the air gap flux density.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the magnitude of the first airgap flux density component corresponding to the number of harmonic times of teeth of a stator and a rotor of the motor at the candidate chute angle corresponding to each superimposed structure according to the first airgap flux density component corresponding to each superimposed structure comprises:
calculating the harmonic frequency of the stator and rotor teeth of the motor;
determining first air gap flux density component amplitudes corresponding to each subharmonic under the candidate chute angle corresponding to each superposed structure according to the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each superposed structure;
and selecting the first air gap magnetic density component amplitude corresponding to the harmonic times of the fixed rotor teeth at each candidate chute angle from the first air gap magnetic density component amplitudes corresponding to the harmonics at each candidate chute angle.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein determining the first air gap flux density component amplitude corresponding to each harmonic at the candidate chute angle corresponding to each superimposed structure according to the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each superimposed structure comprises:
and carrying out Fourier decomposition on the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each superposed structure to obtain the first air gap flux density component amplitude corresponding to each subharmonic under the candidate chute angle corresponding to the superposed structure.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein calculating the stator and rotor tooth harmonic times of the electric machine comprises: calculating the stator tooth harmonic times of the motor by adopting a second calculation formula, wherein the second calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula,
is the stator tooth harmonic order of the motor,
is the number of stator slots of the motor,
is the pole pair number of the motor, m is the phase number of the motor,
the number of slots per phase per pole of the stator.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein calculating the stator and rotor tooth harmonic orders for the electric machine comprises: calculating the harmonic times of the rotor teeth of the motor by adopting a third calculation formula, wherein the third calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula,
is the harmonic order of the rotor teeth of the motor,
is the number of rotor slots of the motor,
is the pole pair number of the motor, m is the phase number of the motor,
the number of slots per phase per pole of the rotor.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is based on
Selecting a target chute angle from the first number of candidate chute angles according to the first air gap flux density component amplitude and the efficiency parameter corresponding to the harmonic times of the teeth of the stator and the rotor of the motor under each candidate chute angle, wherein the target chute angle comprises:
calculating the sum of the first air gap flux density component amplitudes corresponding to the stator and rotor tooth harmonic times of the motor under each candidate skewed slot angle;
selecting candidate chute angles of which the efficiency parameters are within a preset optimal range from the first number of candidate chute angles;
and selecting the candidate chute angle with the minimum sum of the first air gap flux density component amplitudes as the target chute angle from the candidate chute angles with the efficacy parameters in the preset optimal range.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the performance parameters include motor efficiency and power factor, and wherein selecting a target chute angle from the first number of candidate chute angles based on the performance parameters and a first airgap flux density component magnitude corresponding to a harmonic order of stator and rotor teeth of the motor at each candidate chute angle comprises:
calculating the sum of the first air gap flux density component amplitudes corresponding to the stator and rotor tooth harmonic times of the motor under each candidate skewed slot angle;
calculating a comprehensive evaluation value of the angle of each candidate chute according to the sum of the magnetic density component amplitudes of the first air gap corresponding to each candidate chute angle, the motor efficiency and the power factor;
and selecting the candidate chute angle with the highest comprehensive evaluation value as the target chute angle.
11. The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein said calculating the comprehensive evaluation value of the candidate chute angle comprises: calculating the comprehensive evaluation value by using a fourth calculation formula, wherein the fourth calculation formula comprises:
in the formula,
as a comprehensive evaluation value of the ith candidate chute angle,
to provide motor efficiency at the ith candidate chute angle,
for the power factor at the ith candidate chute angle,
and a and b are weighted values, wherein the sum of the first air gap flux density component amplitudes at the ith candidate chute angle is shown as a sum.
12. A chute angle determining device (1000) of an electric motor rotor, comprising:
a first determination module (100) for determining a first number of candidate chute angles;
the second determining module (200) is used for enabling the rotor chute of each candidate chute angle to be equivalent to a stacked structure formed by arranging a second number of straight grooves, and determining a first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight groove in the stacked structure;
the third determining module (300) is used for determining the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each superposed structure according to the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each straight slot in each superposed structure;
the fourth determining module (400) is used for determining the first air gap flux density component amplitude corresponding to the stator and rotor tooth harmonic times of the motor under the candidate chute angle corresponding to each superposed structure according to the first air gap flux density component corresponding to each superposed structure;
a fifth determination module (500) for determining a performance parameter of the motor at each candidate chute angle;
and the target selection module (600) is used for selecting a target chute angle from the candidate chute angles in the first number according to the first air gap flux density component amplitude and the efficiency parameter corresponding to the stator and rotor tooth harmonic frequency of the motor under each candidate chute angle.
13. A computing device, the device comprising: at least one memory and at least one processor;
the at least one memory to store a machine readable program;
the at least one processor, configured to invoke the machine readable program to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
14. A computer readable medium having stored thereon computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to carry out the method of any one of claims 1 to 11.
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| CN101752965A (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-06-23 | 吴为国 | Control device of squirrel-cage asynchronous motor rotor chute |
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| CN102611257A (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2012-07-25 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Rotor chute manufacturing device, motor manufacturing device and motor manufacturing method |
| CN209267410U (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-08-16 | 西安广源机电技术有限公司 | A kind of double magnetic pole permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machines |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101752965A (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-06-23 | 吴为国 | Control device of squirrel-cage asynchronous motor rotor chute |
| CN101820208A (en) * | 2010-04-19 | 2010-09-01 | 上海电气集团上海电机厂有限公司 | Method for processing chute on armature spider of DC motor rotor |
| CN102611257A (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2012-07-25 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Rotor chute manufacturing device, motor manufacturing device and motor manufacturing method |
| CN209267410U (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-08-16 | 西安广源机电技术有限公司 | A kind of double magnetic pole permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machines |
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Address after: 211400 No. 99 Zhongxin Road, Yizheng City, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Yinmengda Motor (China) Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 211400 No. 99 Zhongxin Road, Yizheng City, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: SIEMENS MOTOR (CHINA) CO.,LTD. Country or region before: China |