CN115622105B - Charging and discharging system of energy storage type electric automobile charging pile - Google Patents

Charging and discharging system of energy storage type electric automobile charging pile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115622105B
CN115622105B CN202211394974.3A CN202211394974A CN115622105B CN 115622105 B CN115622105 B CN 115622105B CN 202211394974 A CN202211394974 A CN 202211394974A CN 115622105 B CN115622105 B CN 115622105B
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resistor
mos tube
respectively connected
diode
grounded
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CN202211394974.3A
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CN115622105A (en
Inventor
王毛
郑城市
张亚栋
翟亚州
任必晋
刘旭东
张校卿
张本
贺远
史亚京
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Jiyuan Power Supply Co of State Grid Henan Electric Power Co Ltd
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Jiyuan Power Supply Co of State Grid Henan Electric Power Co Ltd
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H02J3/322—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00309—Overheat or overtemperature protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
    • H02J7/00718—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current in response to charge current gradient
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to a charge-discharge system of an energy storage type electric automobile charge pile, which mainly comprises a positive-change charge circuit, an inversion charge circuit and a charge-discharge control circuit. The electric network and the electric automobile storage battery can be subjected to forward and reverse energy conversion and control, so that the aims of rapidly charging the storage battery, keeping the part structure of the vehicle-mounted storage battery and prolonging the service life of the battery are fulfilled, and meanwhile, the effect of balancing the load between the utility grid and the battery can be maintained. The positive-change charging circuit is used for realizing rapid charging of electric power of the power grid into the vehicle-mounted storage battery; the inversion discharging circuit is used for realizing the inversion function of the electric energy from the vehicle-mounted battery to the electric network; and the charge and discharge control circuit is used for detecting the electric quantity of the vehicle-mounted battery and protecting the vehicle-mounted battery from damage caused by too high or too low voltage.

Description

Charging and discharging system of energy storage type electric automobile charging pile
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of charging control and charging piles, in particular to a charging and discharging system of an energy storage type electric automobile charging pile.
Background
With the recent years of low-carbon and environment-friendly concepts becoming new direction marks, new energy industry technologies are rapidly advanced, and the transition from traditional oil-gas vehicles to present electric vehicles is also developed. However, the current domestic electric automobile industry is also in a starting stage, so that the problems of short mileage, limited charging equipment and the like of the electric automobile are always limiting the popularization of the electric automobile. Even though a plurality of known automobile manufacturers at home and abroad make a lot of breakthroughs in the storage battery energy storage technology at present, the number of electric automobile charging piles is also increased along with the popularization of electric vehicles. However, the development of the electric automobile industry still faces many challenges, and the charging device is one of the challenges, but this is both a challenge and an opportunity. The system is designed from the viewpoint of balancing the power grid, and the novel charging pile is designed to realize bidirectional transmission of energy between the electric vehicle and the power grid, namely, the electric vehicle can acquire electric energy from the power grid and feed the electric energy back to the power grid, so that the electric vehicle can supply load balance of power grid infrastructure. Meanwhile, the bidirectional charging has a plurality of benefits for the vehicle-mounted battery, and when the electric quantity of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high, discharging operation is adopted to load the battery to shorten the service life of the battery in a full-charge state; and when the electric quantity is too low, feeding back the residual electric energy to a power grid where the residence is located, and recharging the automobile, so that the charge and discharge cycle of the battery is performed.
As shown in fig. 1, the control circuit of the charging pile system in the prior art adopts a bridgeless PFC circuit to realize the charging control function, and has a small occupied area, but has a poor filtering effect on common-mode interference signals.
As shown in fig. 2, in the battery charge-discharge cycle control circuit in the prior art, the precision resistor is used as the current detection element, and is highly influenced by the lead, and meanwhile, the power MOS transistor is adopted to carry the amplifier to realize the feedback of the charge-discharge signal, so that the output feedback signal is greatly influenced by the environment and the hardware itself, and the feedback effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
First technical problem
1. The charging device in the prior art has poor effect of eliminating common-mode interference signals, so that the output charging efficiency and stability of the charging device are poor.
2. The charging device in the prior art has poor feedback effect on the charge-discharge cycle of the battery.
(II) technical scheme
To above-mentioned technical problem, this application provides energy storage electric automobile fills charge-discharge system of electric pile, including positive change charging circuit, inverter discharge circuit and the charge-discharge control circuit who connects gradually.
The positive-change charging circuit mainly comprises a power transformer, a rectifying circuit, a filtering circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit. The design key of the partial circuit is to introduce a reference voltage circuit, a sampling comparison circuit, a current reduction protection circuit and an overheat protection circuit on the basis of a traditional AC/DC conversion circuit, so that the stability and the efficiency of the vehicle-mounted battery in the charging process are ensured to a greater extent, and the service life of the vehicle-mounted battery is protected and prolonged. Firstly, alternating current on a power grid is converted into alternating current small signal voltage through a T1 transformer, then is converted into direct current signals through a current bridge formed by four diodes D2, D3, D6 and D7, and the direct current signals are filtered by a filter capacitor C3 to be transmitted into a voltage stabilizing circuit designed in the system. In the voltage stabilizing circuit, the current source is difficult to be automatically conducted after the input voltage is conducted, so that the output voltage is difficult to establish. When the voltage at two ends of the resistor R3 is higher than the stable voltage of the voltage stabilizing tube D14, current flows through the MOS tube Q9 and the MOS tube Q16 at the moment, so that the base potential of the MOS tube Q17 rises to be conducted, and meanwhile, the current source MOS tubes Q8 and Q10 also work. And then the current mirror image of the Q8 flows through the Q21 to establish normal working voltage, and when the voltage of the MOS tube Q21 reaches a voltage stabilizing value, the whole circuit enters a normal working state, and the circuit is started. Meanwhile, the source voltage of the MOS tube Q17 is zero and is cut off, so that the connection between the starting circuit and the amplifying circuit is cut off, and the ripple wave and noise generated by the left circuit of the MOS tube Q18 are prevented from affecting the reference voltage source. The reference voltage circuit consists of a MOS tube Q18, a MOS tube Q19, a MOS tube Q24, a resistor R26, a resistor R27 and a resistor R36, and is mainly used for obtaining the reference voltage required by the sampling comparison circuit between the resistor R27 and the resistor R32 by utilizing mutual compensation of the MOS tube Q18 with positive temperature coefficient and the MOS tube Q19 and the MOS tube Q24 with negative temperature coefficient. Then the signals are sampled by the resistor R28 and the resistor R34 and are sent to the MOS tube Q21 and the MOS tube Q22 for voltage comparison, so that stable output voltage is obtained. The current reducing type protection circuit consists of a MOS tube Q15, a diode D12, a resistor R21, a resistor R24 and a resistor R25, and the main purpose is to enable the adjusting tube to work in a safety zone. The resistor R24 is a current detection resistor, and due to the current detection function, the drain current of the MOS transistor Q15 is reduced, so that the output current can be limited when the output current is overlarge, and the aims of protecting a circuit and a storage battery are fulfilled. The overheat protection circuit consists of a diode D14, a MOS tube Q17, a MOS tube Q18, a MOS tube Q19 and necessary peripheral resistors. When the circuit is in normal temperature, the voltage drop of the resistor R26 is only about 0.4V, and the Q14 is cut off, so that the circuit is not influenced. When the temperature of the circuit system rises to a certain preset limit value due to overload or environmental temperature rise, the voltage drop on the resistor R26 rises along with the rise of the working voltage of the MOS tube Q17, so that the MOS tube Q18 is conducted, the MOS tube Q19 is also conducted along with the rising of the working voltage, the base current of the MOS tube Q12 of the adjusting tube is shunted by the MOS tube Q19, and the output current drops, so that the purposes of reducing the circuit and battery loss of overheat protection are achieved.
The inverter discharge circuit is mainly used for converting a direct-current voltage signal of the vehicle-mounted battery into a 220V alternating-current voltage signal meeting the requirement of a power grid, and the circuit consists of a multivibrator circuit, a positive and negative signal switching circuit and a transformer circuit. The V2 output voltage provided by the vehicle-mounted storage battery firstly generates rectangular wave signals through an oscillating circuit consisting of an MOS tube Q5, an MOS tube Q6, a capacitor C8, a capacitor C9 and necessary peripheral circuits, and the rectangular wave signals are output to a positive signal switch circuit and a negative signal switch circuit through an R6 resistor. The diode D5 and the diode D4 in the multivibrator circuit are used for preventing the reverse breakdown of the rectangular wave signal to cause the damage of the inverter circuit structure, and the capacitor C8 and the capacitor C9 are used for filtering and removing unstable existence in the generated square wave to achieve a burr signal, so that the output rectangular wave signal is smoother. After the rectangular wave signal enters the positive and negative signal switching circuits, the MOS tube Q3 is conducted when the positive half-axis signal is generated, and the voltage is divided between the resistor R10 and the resistor R19 and output to the next-stage transformer circuit, and when the rectangular wave signal is in the negative half-axis state, the MOS tube Q2 is conducted, and the signal is divided between the resistor R11 and the resistor R16 and output to the next-stage circuit. The positive and negative signals are then transmitted to a multistage amplifying circuit consisting of transistors Q1, Q4 and Q11, Q7 and necessary resistors and capacitors, respectively, for further amplification. The separated positive and negative signals are then transmitted to the output of transistor Q4 and transistor Q7. At this time, the divided positive and negative signals are alternately converted into positive half shafts and negative half shafts of alternating sine signals by the transformer T2, and 220V sine alternating current signals meeting the requirements of a commercial power grid can be stably generated at the output end.
The charge-discharge control circuit is mainly used for automatically taking a discharge measure to prolong the service life of the battery of the electric automobile when the voltage of the vehicle-mounted storage battery is too high in the charging process; and the control unit is used for controlling the residual electric energy to be inverted to the commercial power grid when the battery voltage is too low and controlling the electric automobile to carry out charging operation so as to restore the electric quantity of the battery to the normal level again. The circuit mainly comprises a vehicle-mounted battery voltage detection circuit and a charge-discharge switch circuit. The vehicle-mounted battery voltage V0 is led into the source electrode of the MOS tube Q28 by the potentiometer RP, a differential circuit is formed by the MOS tube Q26 and the MOS tube Q28 and is compared with a reference voltage, and the comparison result is output by the MOS tube Q29, when the vehicle-mounted battery voltage V0 is a normal value, the MOS tube Q29 outputs a high level, so that the triode Q25 is cut off, a loop formed by the winding resistor R33 and the diode D15 releases electromagnetic so as to control the switch K1 to be turned from the V2 end to the V1 end, and the battery RL starts to charge normally and positively; when the voltage V0 of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high or too low, the MOS tube Q29 outputs a high level, so that the triode Q25 is conducted, the winding resistor R33 starts to magnetize and generate electromagnetism reverse to the former to control the switch K1 to conduct electric shock attraction, the switch K1 is turned from the V1 end to the V2 end, and the circuit system is automatically switched to the storage battery inversion discharging circuit until the V0 returns to the normal potential. The diode D15 is used to form a reverse path with the winding resistor R33 when the triode Q25 is turned off, and provides a bleed path for the winding resistor R33 coil.
(III) beneficial effects
The application provides a charging and discharging system of an energy storage type electric automobile charging pile, which firstly improves the stability and efficiency of charging a storage battery in a charging state of the charging pile; and secondly, the battery is charged and discharged efficiently, and the electric energy can be fed back to the power grid more effectively.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a control circuit of a prior art charging pile system.
Fig. 2 is a prior art battery charge-discharge cycle control circuit.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a positive-change charging circuit of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an inverter discharge circuit of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a charge-discharge control circuit of the present application.
Description of the embodiments
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the application provides a charging and discharging system of an energy storage type electric vehicle charging pile, which comprises a positive-change charging circuit, an inversion discharging circuit and a charging and discharging control circuit which are sequentially connected.
The positive-change charging circuit mainly comprises a power transformer, a rectifying circuit, a filtering circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit. The design key of the partial circuit is to introduce a reference voltage circuit, a sampling comparison circuit, a current reduction protection circuit and an overheat protection circuit on the basis of a traditional AC/DC conversion circuit, so that the stability and the efficiency of the vehicle-mounted battery in the charging process are ensured to a greater extent, and the service life of the vehicle-mounted battery is protected and prolonged. Firstly, alternating current on a power grid is converted into alternating current small signal voltage through a T1 transformer, then is converted into direct current signals through a current bridge formed by four diodes D2, D3, D6 and D7, and the direct current signals are filtered by a filter capacitor C3 to be transmitted into a voltage stabilizing circuit designed in the system. In the voltage stabilizing circuit, the current source is difficult to be automatically conducted after the input voltage is conducted, so that the output voltage is difficult to establish. When the voltage at two ends of the resistor R3 is higher than the stable voltage of the voltage stabilizing tube D14, current flows through the MOS tube Q9 and the MOS tube Q16 at the moment, so that the base potential of the MOS tube Q17 rises to be conducted, and meanwhile, the current source MOS tubes Q8 and Q10 also work. And then the current mirror image of the Q8 flows through the Q21 to establish normal working voltage, and when the voltage of the MOS tube Q21 reaches a voltage stabilizing value, the whole circuit enters a normal working state, and the circuit is started. Meanwhile, the source voltage of the MOS tube Q17 is zero and is cut off, so that the connection between the starting circuit and the amplifying circuit is cut off, and the ripple wave and noise generated by the left circuit of the MOS tube Q18 are prevented from affecting the reference voltage source. The reference voltage circuit consists of a MOS tube Q18, a MOS tube Q19, a MOS tube Q24, a resistor R26, a resistor R27 and a resistor R36, and is mainly used for obtaining the reference voltage required by the sampling comparison circuit between the resistor R27 and the resistor R32 by utilizing mutual compensation of the MOS tube Q18 with positive temperature coefficient and the MOS tube Q19 and the MOS tube Q24 with negative temperature coefficient. Then the signals are sampled by the resistor R28 and the resistor R34 and are sent to the MOS tube Q21 and the MOS tube Q22 for voltage comparison, so that stable output voltage is obtained. The current reducing type protection circuit consists of a MOS tube Q15, a diode D12, a resistor R21, a resistor R24 and a resistor R25, and the main purpose is to enable the adjusting tube to work in a safety zone. The resistor R24 is a current detection resistor, and due to the current detection function, the drain current of the MOS transistor Q15 is reduced, so that the output current can be limited when the output current is overlarge, and the aims of protecting a circuit and a storage battery are fulfilled. The overheat protection circuit consists of a diode D14, a MOS tube Q17, a MOS tube Q18, a MOS tube Q19 and necessary peripheral resistors. When the circuit is in normal temperature, the voltage drop of the resistor R26 is only about 0.4V, and the Q14 is cut off, so that the circuit is not influenced. When the temperature of the circuit system rises to a certain preset limit value due to overload or environmental temperature rise, the voltage drop on the resistor R26 rises along with the rise of the working voltage of the MOS tube Q17, so that the MOS tube Q18 is conducted, the MOS tube Q19 is also conducted along with the rising of the working voltage, the base current of the MOS tube Q12 of the adjusting tube is shunted by the MOS tube Q19, and the output current drops, so that the purposes of reducing the circuit and battery loss of overheat protection are achieved.
Specifically, the positive-change charging circuit includes a transformer T1, an inductor L1, a MOS transistor Q13, capacitors C2 and C3, a resistor R3, diodes D1, D2, D3, D6 and D7, wherein in the positive-change charging circuit, a primary coil of the transformer T1 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C2 and is connected to a power grid, one end of a secondary coil of the transformer T1 is connected to a negative electrode of the diode D2, the other end is connected to a negative electrode of the diode D6, an anode of the diode D2 is connected to a positive electrode of the diode D6, one end of the capacitor C3 and one end of the resistor R3, and the other end of the capacitor C3 is connected to one end of the resistor R3, a negative electrode of the diode D1 and a drain end of the MOS transistor Q13, the anode of the diode D1 is connected to one end of the inductor L1, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected to a negative electrode of the diode D3 and a negative electrode of the diode D7, and the anode of the diode D3 is connected to a negative electrode of the diode D6. The positive-change charging circuit comprises an output port V1, diodes D12, D13 and D14, MOS transistors Q12, Q13, Q15, Q20, Q21, Q22, Q19, Q18, Q24, Q17, Q16, Q10, Q8 and Q9, resistors R25, R28, R34, R22, R24, R21, R31, R20, R38, R44, R42, R8, R26, R27, R32, R30 and R35 and a capacitor C10, wherein the drain end of the MOS transistor Q13 in the positive-change charging circuit is respectively connected with the drain end of the MOS transistor Q12, the cathode of the diode D12, one end of a resistor R42, one end of a resistor R8 and the drain end of a MOS transistor Q9, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with the drain end of the MOS transistor Q10, the gate of the MOS transistor Q9 is grounded, the source end of the MOS transistor Q9 is respectively connected with the cathode of the diode D13 and the gate of the MOS transistor Q16, the positive electrode of the MOS transistor Q16 is connected with the drain end of the MOS transistor Q17, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q8 is respectively connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q10, the source end of the MOS tube Q8, the drain end of the MOS tube Q16, the drain end of the MOS tube Q17, the cathode of the diode D14, the drain end of the MOS tube Q15, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q12, the anode of the diode D12, one end of the resistor R44, one end of the resistor R20 and one end of the resistor R21, the other end of the resistor R44 is connected with the drain end of the MOS tube Q19, the other end of the resistor R20 is respectively connected with the drain end of the MOS tube Q20 and one end of the capacitor C10, the other end of the capacitor C10 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R31 and one end of the resistor R28, the other end of the resistor R34 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R28 is connected with the output port V1, the anode of the diode D14 is grounded, the source end of the MOS tube Q16 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q17, the source end of the MOS tube Q17 is respectively connected with the drain end of the resistor R26 and the drain end of the MOS tube Q18, the other end of the resistor R26 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R27 and the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q18, the other end of the resistor R27 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R32 and one end of the resistor R30, the other end of the resistor R32 is respectively connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q24, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q22 and the drain end of the MOS tube Q24, the other end of the resistor R30 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R35 and the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q19, the other end of the resistor R35 is grounded, the source end of the MOS tube Q19 is grounded, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q13 is respectively connected with the source end of the MOS tube Q12, the drain end of the MOS tube Q21 and one end of the resistor R22, the other end of the resistor R22 is respectively connected with the source end of the MOS tube Q15, one end of the output port V1 and one end of the resistor R25, the other end of the resistor R25 is respectively connected with the source end of the MOS tube Q13 and one end of the MOS tube Q24, the other end of the MOS tube Q24 is respectively connected with the source end of the MOS tube Q22, the MOS tube Q22 is connected with the drain end of the MOS tube Q38, and the MOS tube Q22 is respectively connected with the drain end of the MOS tube Q38.
The inverter discharge circuit is mainly used for converting a direct-current voltage signal of the vehicle-mounted battery into a 220V alternating-current voltage signal meeting the requirement of a power grid, and the circuit consists of a multivibrator circuit, a positive and negative signal switching circuit and a transformer circuit. The V2 output voltage provided by the vehicle-mounted storage battery firstly generates rectangular wave signals through an oscillating circuit consisting of an MOS tube Q5, an MOS tube Q6, a capacitor C8, a capacitor C9 and necessary peripheral circuits, and the rectangular wave signals are output to a positive signal switch circuit and a negative signal switch circuit through an R6 resistor. The diode D5 and the diode D4 in the multivibrator circuit are used for preventing the reverse breakdown of the rectangular wave signal to cause the damage of the inverter circuit structure, and the capacitor C8 and the capacitor C9 are used for filtering and removing unstable existence in the generated square wave to achieve a burr signal, so that the output rectangular wave signal is smoother. After the rectangular wave signal enters the positive and negative signal switching circuits, the MOS tube Q3 is conducted when the positive half-axis signal is generated, and the voltage is divided between the resistor R10 and the resistor R19 and output to the next-stage transformer circuit, and when the rectangular wave signal is in the negative half-axis state, the MOS tube Q2 is conducted, and the signal is divided between the resistor R11 and the resistor R16 and output to the next-stage circuit. The positive and negative signals are then transmitted to a multistage amplifying circuit consisting of transistors Q1, Q4 and Q11, Q7 and necessary resistors and capacitors, respectively, for further amplification. The separated positive and negative signals are then transmitted to the output of transistor Q4 and transistor Q7. At this time, the divided positive and negative signals are alternately converted into positive half shafts and negative half shafts of alternating sine signals by the transformer T2, and 220V sine alternating current signals meeting the requirements of a commercial power grid can be stably generated at the output end.
Specifically, the inverter discharge circuit comprises a transformer T2, triodes Q1, Q4, Q7 and Q11, capacitors C4 and C7, resistors R1, R5, R9 and R23, wherein an input port V2 of the inverter discharge circuit is connected with the capacitor C4 in parallel, a secondary coil of the transformer T2 in the circuit is connected with a power grid in parallel, taps of a primary coil of the transformer T2 are respectively connected with the input port V2 and one end of the resistor R23, the other end of the resistor R23 is connected with a collector of a triode Q11, the capacitor C7 is connected in parallel with two ends of the primary coil of the transformer T2, meanwhile, one end of the capacitor C7 is connected with a collector of the triode Q4, the other end of the capacitor C7 is connected with an emitter of the triode Q7, the emitter of the triode Q4 is grounded, one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the input port V2, the other end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected with a base of the triode Q4 and one end of the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is respectively grounded, and the other end of the resistor R9 is respectively connected with the base of the triode Q7 and the base of the triode Q7 is grounded. The inverter discharge circuit comprises input ports V2, diodes D4, D5, D11, D10 and D19, MOS transistors Q5, Q6, Q2 and Q3, triodes Q1 and Q11, capacitors C5, C6, C8 and C9, resistors R2, R4, R6, R12, R13, R14, R15, R11, R16, R17, R18 and R10 and R19, wherein the input ports V2 in the inverter discharge circuit are respectively connected with the drain end of the MOS transistor Q3, the drain end of the MOS transistor Q2, the middle positive electrode of the diode D5 and the positive electrode of the diode D4, the grid electrode of the MOS transistor Q3 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R2 and one end of the resistor R18, the other end of the resistor R18 is connected with the negative electrode of the diode D10, the positive electrode of the diode D10 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected with the source end of the MOS transistor Q2, one end of the resistor R11 and one end of the capacitor C5, the other end of the capacitor C5 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor D6, the other end of the resistor R11 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R16 and the base electrode of the triode Q11, the other end of the resistor R16 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C6 is respectively connected with the source end of the MOS tube Q3, one end of the resistor R10 and one end of the resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R10 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R19 and the base electrode of the triode Q1, the other end of the resistor R19 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R4 is respectively connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R17, the other end of the resistor R17 is connected with the cathode of the diode D11, the anode of the diode D11 is grounded, one end of the resistor R6 is connected with the anode of the diode D19, the other end of the resistor C9 is respectively connected with the source end of the MOS tube Q6, one end of the resistor R15 and one end of the capacitor C9, the other end of the MOS tube Q5 is grounded, the cathode of the resistor R14 is respectively connected with the drain end of the MOS tube Q6, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q6 is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C8 and one end of a resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R13 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C8 is respectively connected with the source end of the MOS tube Q5 and one end of a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R12 is grounded, and the cathode of a diode D4 is connected with the drain end of the MOS tube Q5.
The charge-discharge control circuit is mainly used for automatically taking a discharge measure to prolong the service life of the battery of the electric automobile when the voltage of the vehicle-mounted storage battery is too high in the charging process; and the control unit is used for controlling the residual electric energy to be inverted to the commercial power grid when the battery voltage is too low and controlling the electric automobile to carry out charging operation so as to restore the electric quantity of the battery to the normal level again. The circuit mainly comprises a vehicle-mounted battery voltage detection circuit and a charge-discharge switch circuit. The vehicle-mounted battery voltage V0 is led into the source electrode of the MOS tube Q28 by the potentiometer RP, a differential circuit is formed by the MOS tube Q26 and the MOS tube Q28 and is compared with a reference voltage, and the comparison result is output by the MOS tube Q29, when the vehicle-mounted battery voltage V0 is a normal value, the MOS tube Q29 outputs a low level, so that the triode Q25 is cut off, a loop formed by the winding resistor R33 and the diode D15 releases electromagnetic so as to control the switch K1 to be turned from the V2 end to the V1 end, and the battery RL starts to charge normally and positively; when the voltage V0 of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high or too low, the MOS tube Q29 outputs a high level, so that the triode Q25 is conducted, the winding resistor R33 starts to magnetize and generate electromagnetism reverse to the former to control the switch K1 to conduct electric shock attraction, the switch K1 is turned from the V1 end to the V2 end, and the circuit system is automatically switched to the storage battery inversion discharging circuit until the V0 returns to the normal potential. The diode D15 is used to form a reverse path with the winding resistor R33 when the triode Q25 is turned off, and provides a bleed path for the winding resistor R33 coil.
Specifically, the charge-discharge control circuit comprises an output port V1, an input port V2, an output port V0, a winding resistor R33, a switch K1, a triode Q25, MOS transistors Q26, Q28, Q29, Q14, Q23 and Q27, diodes D16, D15, D17, VD1 and D18, a potentiometer RP, resistors R7, R29, R43, R37, R41, R36, R39, R40 and RL, wherein the output port V1 and the input port V2 in the charge-discharge control circuit are respectively connected with a No. 3 interface and a No. 1 interface of the switch K1, a No. 2 interface of the switch K1 is respectively connected with one end of the output port V0 and one end of the resistor RL, the other end of the resistor RL is grounded, one end of the winding resistor R33 is connected with a high level VCC, the other end is respectively connected with the anode of the diode D15 and the collector of the triode Q25, one end of the resistor R37 is connected with the high level, the other end is connected with the cathode of the diode D15, one end of the resistor R40 is connected with the emitter of the triode Q25, and the other end is grounded, the base electrode of the triode Q25 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R36 and one end of a resistor R39, the other end of the resistor R39 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R36 is connected with the drain end of a MOS tube Q29, the source end of the MOS tube Q29 is grounded, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q29 is respectively connected with the drain end of a MOS tube Q27 and one end of a resistor R43, the other end of the resistor R43 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R7 and the cathode of a diode D16, the anode of the diode D16 is connected with a high level VCC, the other end of the resistor R7 is respectively connected with the drain end of a MOS tube Q28, the drain end of a MOS tube Q26 and one end of a resistor R29, the other end of the resistor R29 is respectively connected with the cathode of a diode VD1 and the anode of a diode D17, the cathode of the diode D17 is connected with the grid electrode of a MOS tube Q28, the source end of the MOS tube Q28 is respectively connected with the drain end of a MOS tube Q23 and the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q27, the source end of the MOS tube Q23 is grounded, the anode of the diode VD1 is connected with one end of the resistor R41, the other end of the resistor R41 is grounded, one end of the resistor RP is connected with the output port V0, the other end of the resistor RP is grounded, the sliding blade end of the resistor RP is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D18, the negative electrode of the diode D18 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q26, and the source end of the MOS tube Q26 is respectively connected with the drain end of the MOS tube Q14, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q14 and the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q23, and the source end of the MOS tube Q14 is grounded.
The foregoing describes one embodiment of the present invention in detail, but the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides a charge-discharge system of energy storage electric automobile fills electric pile, includes positive change charging circuit, contravariant discharging circuit and the charge-discharge control circuit that connects gradually, its characterized in that: the positive-change charging circuit comprises a transformer T1, an inductor L1, a MOS tube Q13, capacitors C2 and C3, a resistor R3, diodes D1, D2, D3, D6 and D7, wherein a primary coil of the transformer T1 is connected with the capacitor C2 in parallel and connected with a power grid, one end of a secondary coil of the transformer T1 is connected with the cathode of the diode D2, the other end of the secondary coil of the transformer T1 is connected with the cathode of the diode D6, the anode of the diode D2 is respectively connected with the anode of the diode D6, one end of the capacitor C3 and one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the capacitor C3 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R3, the cathode of the diode D1 and the drain end of the MOS tube Q13, the anode of the diode D1 is respectively connected with the cathode of the diode D3 and the cathode of the diode D7, and the anode of the diode D3 is respectively connected with the cathode of the diode D2 and the cathode of the diode D6;
the positive-change charging circuit comprises an output port V1, diodes D12, D13 and D14, MOS transistors Q12, Q13, Q15, Q20, Q21, Q22, Q19, Q18, Q24, Q17, Q16, Q10, Q8 and Q9, resistors R25, R28, R34, R22, R24, R21, R31, R20, R38, R44, R42, R8, R26, R27, R32, R30 and R35 and a capacitor C10, wherein the drain end of the MOS transistor Q13 in the positive-change charging circuit is respectively connected with the drain end of the MOS transistor Q12, the cathode of the diode D12, one end of a resistor R42, one end of a resistor R8 and the drain end of a MOS transistor Q9, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with the drain end of the MOS transistor Q10, the gate of the MOS transistor Q9 is grounded, the source end of the MOS transistor Q9 is respectively connected with the cathode of the diode D13 and the gate of the MOS transistor Q16, the positive electrode of the MOS transistor Q16 is connected with the drain end of the MOS transistor Q17, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q8 is respectively connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q10, the source end of the MOS tube Q8, the drain end of the MOS tube Q16, the drain end of the MOS tube Q17, the cathode of the diode D14, the drain end of the MOS tube Q15, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q12, the anode of the diode D12, one end of the resistor R44, one end of the resistor R20 and one end of the resistor R21, the other end of the resistor R44 is connected with the drain end of the MOS tube Q19, the other end of the resistor R20 is respectively connected with the drain end of the MOS tube Q20 and one end of the capacitor C10, the other end of the capacitor C10 is respectively connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q20 and one end of the resistor R31, the other end of the resistor R31 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R28 and one end of the resistor R34, the other end of the resistor R34 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R28 is connected with the output port V1, the anode of the diode D14 is grounded, the source end of the MOS tube Q16 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q17, the source end of the MOS tube Q17 is respectively connected with the drain end of the resistor R26 and the drain end of the MOS tube Q18 respectively, the other end of the resistor R26 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R27 and the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q18, the other end of the resistor R27 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R32 and one end of the resistor R30, the other end of the resistor R32 is respectively connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q24, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q22 and the drain end of the MOS tube Q24, the other end of the resistor R30 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R35 and the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q19, the other end of the resistor R35 is grounded, the source end of the MOS tube Q19 is grounded, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q13 is respectively connected with the source end of the MOS tube Q12, the drain end of the MOS tube Q21 and one end of the resistor R22, the other end of the resistor R22 is respectively connected with the source end of the MOS tube Q15, one end of the output port V1 and one end of the resistor R25, the other end of the resistor R25 is respectively connected with the source end of the MOS tube Q13 and one end of the MOS tube Q24, the other end of the MOS tube Q24 is respectively connected with the other end of the MOS tube Q22, the source end of the MOS tube Q22 is connected with the MOS tube Q38, and the drain end of the MOS tube Q22 is respectively connected with the source end of the MOS tube Q38;
the inverting discharge circuit comprises a transformer T2, triodes Q1, Q4, Q7 and Q11, capacitors C4 and C7, resistors R1, R5 and R9 and R23, wherein an input port V2 of the inverting discharge circuit is connected with the capacitor C4 in parallel and connected with a power grid, a tap on an original stage coil of the transformer T2 is respectively connected with the input port V2 and one end of the resistor R23, the other end of the resistor R23 is connected with a collector electrode of a triode Q11, the capacitor C7 is connected in parallel with two ends of the original stage coil of the transformer T2, one end of the capacitor C7 is connected with a collector electrode of the triode Q4, the other end of the capacitor C7 is connected with an emitter electrode of the triode Q7, the emitter electrode of the triode Q4 is grounded, one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the input port V2, the other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected with a base electrode of the triode Q4 and one end of the resistor R5, one end of the resistor R9 is respectively connected with the collector electrode of the triode Q11 and the other end of the triode Q7 is grounded;
the inverter discharge circuit comprises an input port V2, diodes D4, D5, D11, D10 and D19, MOS transistors Q5, Q6, Q2 and Q3, triodes Q1 and Q11, capacitors C5, C6, C8 and C9, resistors R2, R4, R6, R12, R13, R14, R15, R11, R16, R17, R18, R10 and R19, wherein the input port V2 in the inverter discharge circuit is respectively connected with the drain end of the MOS transistor Q3, the drain end of the MOS transistor Q2, the anode of the diode D5 and the anode of the diode D4, the grid electrode of the MOS transistor Q3 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R2 and one end of the resistor R18, the other end of the resistor R18 is connected with the cathode of the diode D10, the anode of the diode D10 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected with the source end of the MOS transistor Q2, one end of the resistor R11 and one end of the capacitor C5, the other end of the capacitor C5 is respectively connected with one end of the diode D6 and one end of the capacitor C19, the other end of the resistor R11 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R16 and the base electrode of the triode Q11, the other end of the resistor R16 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C6 is respectively connected with the source end of the MOS tube Q3, one end of the resistor R10 and one end of the resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R10 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R19 and the base electrode of the triode Q1, the other end of the resistor R19 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R4 is respectively connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R17, the other end of the resistor R17 is connected with the cathode of the diode D11, the anode of the diode D11 is grounded, one end of the resistor R6 is connected with the anode of the diode D19, the other end of the resistor C9 is respectively connected with the source end of the MOS tube Q6, one end of the resistor R15 and one end of the capacitor C9, the other end of the MOS tube Q5 is grounded, the cathode of the resistor R14 is respectively connected with the drain end of the MOS tube Q6, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q6 is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C8 and one end of a resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R13 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C8 is respectively connected with the source end of the MOS tube Q5 and one end of a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R12 is grounded, and the cathode of a diode D4 is connected with the drain end of the MOS tube Q5;
the charge-discharge control circuit comprises an output port V1, an input port V2, an output port V0, a winding resistor R33, a switch K1, a triode Q25, MOS tubes Q26, Q28, Q29, Q14, Q23 and Q27, diodes D16, D15, D17, VD1 and D18, potentiometers RP, resistors R7, R29, R43, R37, R41, R36, R39, R40 and RL, wherein the output port V1 and the input port V2 in the charge-discharge control circuit are respectively connected with a No. 3 interface and a No. 1 interface of the switch K1, a No. 2 interface of the switch K1 is respectively connected with one end of the output port V0 and one end of the resistor RL, the other end of the resistor RL is grounded, one end of the winding resistor R33 is connected with a high level VCC, the other end is respectively connected with the anode of the diode D15 and the collector of the triode Q25, one end of the resistor R37 is connected with the high level, the other end of the resistor R40 is connected with the cathode of the diode D15, one end of the resistor R40 is connected with the triode Q25, the other end is grounded, the base electrode of the triode Q25 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R36 and one end of a resistor R39, the other end of the resistor R39 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R36 is connected with the drain end of a MOS tube Q29, the source end of the MOS tube Q29 is grounded, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q29 is respectively connected with the drain end of a MOS tube Q27 and one end of a resistor R43, the other end of the resistor R43 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R7 and the cathode of a diode D16, the anode of the diode D16 is connected with a high level VCC, the other end of the resistor R7 is respectively connected with the drain end of a MOS tube Q28, the drain end of a MOS tube Q26 and one end of a resistor R29, the other end of the resistor R29 is respectively connected with the cathode of a diode VD1 and the anode of a diode D17, the cathode of the diode D17 is connected with the grid electrode of a MOS tube Q28, the source end of the MOS tube Q28 is respectively connected with the drain end of a MOS tube Q23 and the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q27, the source end of the MOS tube Q23 is grounded, the anode of the diode VD1 is connected with one end of the resistor R41, the other end of the resistor R41 is grounded, one end of the resistor RP is connected with the output port V0, the other end of the resistor RP is grounded, the sliding blade end of the resistor RP is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D18, the negative electrode of the diode D18 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q26, and the source end of the MOS tube Q26 is respectively connected with the drain end of the MOS tube Q14, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q14 and the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q23, and the source end of the MOS tube Q14 is grounded.
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