CN115616007B - Automatic adjusting device and method for weld defect X-ray detection - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic adjustment device and method for X-ray detection of weld defects, and belongs to the field of X-ray detection. The laser angle measurement module and the X-ray flaw detector window are in the same plane, and the middle position of the weld is determined by a line laser camera, and the X-ray flaw detector window axis passes through the middle position of the weld through a guide rail sliding module. The 360° omnidirectional rotation module is placed on a base, and the 360° omnidirectional rotation module can be rotated at any angle by fixing the base. The height adjustment module is connected to the 360° omnidirectional rotation module through a lower adjustment plate, and the height of the welding workpiece storage table is adjusted under the action of an electric push rod. The irradiation angle adjustment module is connected to the height adjustment module through an upper adjustment plate to achieve weld direction adjustment. The advantage is that the placement requirements for the workpiece to be detected are effectively reduced. The focal length and irradiation angle can be adjusted by combining intelligent sensing with a mechanical structure, and the adjustment speed is fast and the precision is high.

Description

Automatic adjustment device and method for X-ray detection of weld defects

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of X-ray detection, and in particular to an automatic adjustment device and method for X-ray detection of weld defects.

Background technique

Welding is the main processing technology for metals and is widely used in automobile production, shipbuilding, aerospace and other industries. When there are defects in the weld, it will have serious consequences on product quality. X-ray weld defect detection can directly obtain weld defect images and directly obtain the length and width dimensions of the defects, making the defects more intuitive.

During the X-ray inspection of welds, workpieces of different thicknesses require different X-ray flaw detectors with different focal lengths. In addition, for welds in different directions, it is necessary to ensure that the weld and the X-ray irradiation angle are perpendicular or at a certain angle. Manual adjustment is slow and it is impossible to accurately find the required distance and angle. How to use mechanical devices to adjust the focal length and irradiation angle is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic adjustment device and method for X-ray detection of weld defects, which solves the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art. The laser angle measurement module of the present invention is in the same plane as the X-ray flaw detector window, and the middle position of the weld is determined by a line laser camera. The guide rail sliding module is used to realize that the axis of the X-ray flaw detector window passes through the middle position of the weld. The laser rangefinder sensor is used to measure in real time whether the distance from the X-ray flaw detector window to the weld parent material is equal, and it is determined whether the angle of the X-ray flaw detector window relative to the plane where the weld is located is in a vertical state. The angle rotation of the workpiece can be realized by a 360° omnidirectional rotation module, the height adjustment of the welding workpiece can be realized by an electric push rod, and the X-ray irradiation angle can be adjusted by an irradiation angle adjustment module until the optimal angle is determined to meet the detection and adjustment of the X-ray emitted from the window of the X-ray flaw detector perpendicular to the weld surface.

The above-mentioned object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

The automatic adjustment device for X-ray detection of weld defects includes a laser angle measurement module, a guide rail sliding module, a control module, a 360° omnidirectional rotation module, a weld angle adjustment module, a height adjustment module, and an irradiation angle adjustment module. The laser angle measurement module is in the same plane as the window of the X-ray flaw detector 1, and measures the distance from the window of the X-ray flaw detector to the weld parent material in real time; the guide rail sliding module is placed on a base 10 to adjust the relative position of the weld and the window of the X-ray flaw detector 1; the control module is placed in the base 10 to drive motor 16 and motor 21 5. Movement of stepper motor 19.1 and stepper motor 2 19.2; the 360° all-round rotation module is driven by motor 2 15 built into the base 10 to drive the rotating disk 9 to achieve 360° rotation; the height adjustment module connects the upper adjustment plate 7 and the lower adjustment plate 14 through the adjustment rod 8, and realizes height adjustment under the joint action of the electric push rod 13 and the connecting rods 1, 2, 3 12.1, 12.2, 12.3; the irradiation angle adjustment module is supported by the lower adjustment plate 14, and the welding workpiece storage table 5 is driven by motor 1 6 to rotate to achieve the adjustment of the irradiation angle.

The laser distance measuring sensor 1 17.1 and the laser distance measuring sensor 2 17.2 are symmetrically placed on both sides of the line laser camera 16, and together constitute a laser angle measurement module, which is fixed on the crossbeam of the support platform 2. The two lower support ends of the support platform 2 are fixed to the guide rail 1 18.1 and the guide rail 2 18.2 through the connecting plate. The laser angle measurement module is in the same plane as the window of the X-ray flaw detector 1, and it is ensured that the axis of the line laser camera 16 and the X-ray flaw detector 1 are placed coincidently; the middle position of the weld is determined by the length of the broken line segment and the broken line point of the linear laser image obtained by the line laser camera 16, and the laser distance measuring sensor 1 17.1 and the laser distance measuring sensor 2 17.2 respectively measure the distance from the position to the parent material plates on both sides of the weld.

The guide rail 1 18.1, guide rail 2 18.2, stepper motor 1 19.1, and stepper motor 2 19.2 together constitute a guide rail sliding module. Guide rail 1 18.1 and guide rail 2 18.2 are fixed on the base 10. The relative position of the X-ray flaw detector 1 on the support table 2 and the weld on the welding workpiece storage table 5 is adjusted by the guide rail sliding module to achieve the window axis of the X-ray flaw detector 1 passing through the middle position of the weld.

The weld angle adjustment module is as follows: a fixing clamp 4 fixes the welding workpiece on the welding workpiece storage table 5, a motor 6 is slidably locked on the support frame 3, and is connected to the welding workpiece storage table 5 through a rotating rod 11 to control the inclination angle of the welding workpiece storage table 5; the relative angle between the weld on the welding workpiece storage table 5 and the X-ray flaw detector 1 is adjusted by the weld angle adjustment module, and when the distances from the measurement positions of the laser ranging sensors 1, 2 17.1, and 17.2 to the parent material plates on both sides of the weld are equal, the angle adjustment is achieved.

The 360° omnidirectional rotating module is: a rotating disk 9 is installed on a base 10 and rotates driven by a motor 15; the direction of the weld on the welding workpiece storage table 5 is adjusted by the 360° omnidirectional rotating module so that the weld direction is parallel to the axis of the X-ray flaw detector 1.

The height adjustment module includes a support frame 3, an upper adjustment plate 7, a plurality of adjustment rods 8, a connecting rod 1 12.1, a connecting rod 2 12.2, a connecting rod 3 12.3, an electric push rod 13, and a lower adjustment plate 14. The support frame 3 is fixed on a rotating disk 9. When the inner rod of the electric push rod 13 is in a telescopic state, the motor 1 6 can slide up and down on the support frame 3. When the electric push rod 13 is in a stationary state, the motor 1 6 is fixed by the internal clamping mechanism of the support frame 3. The upper adjustment plate 7 is connected to the rotating rod 11 and is connected to each adjustment rod 8 in sequence by bolts. The adjustment rod 8 is connected to the lower adjustment plate 14 by bolts. The connecting rod 2 12.2 is connected to the electric push rod 13. The connecting rod 2 12.2 moves back and forth under the push of the electric push rod 13 to achieve height adjustment. The end of the electric push rod 13 is fixed on the upper side of the lower adjusting plate 14, and the lower adjusting plate 14 is fixed on the rotating disk 9. When the inner rod of the electric push rod 13 is in the telescopic state, the connecting rod 3 12.3 moves back and forth along the groove of the lower adjusting plate 14.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic adjustment method for X-ray detection of weld defects, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Place the welding workpiece: Place the welding workpiece stably on the welding workpiece placement table 5, and align the direction of the weld with the axis direction of the X-ray flaw detector;

Step 2: After the welding workpiece is placed on the welding workpiece storage table 5, the laser angle measurement module starts to identify the center position of the weld and the angle information between the X-ray and the weld surface;

Step 2.1, the line laser camera 16 is irradiated on the weld, the total length of the laser line is Ln=L1n-L2n, wherein the weld width is Wn=W1n-W2n, the 360° omnidirectional rotating module and the guide rail sliding module are driven to make L1n-W1n=L2n-W2n, and the angle and position adjustment are completed;

Where Ln is the nth laser line, Wn is the weld width in the nth laser line, L1n is the leftmost coordinate point of the nth laser line, L2n is the rightmost coordinate point of the nth laser line, W1n is the leftmost coordinate point of the nth weld, and W2n is the leftmost coordinate point of the nth weld;

Step 2.2, laser ranging sensors 1, 17.1, and 17.2 measure the distances from their respective positions to the parent materials on both sides of the weld, which are d1n and d2n respectively, and drive the motor 6 of the weld angle adjustment module to make d1n=d2n, and the angle adjustment is completed; wherein d1n is the nth measured distance of laser ranging sensor 1, and d2n is the nth measured distance of laser ranging sensor 2.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: placing the welded parts on the device can achieve relative adjustment of the plate thickness of the welded workpiece and the focal length of the X-ray flaw detector, and ensure that the X-ray irradiation direction is perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece to be detected. The angle adjustment of the welding workpiece placement table can make the X-ray and the weld realize vertical irradiation, and help to achieve full coverage of the X-ray irradiation range in weld detection. The device effectively reduces the placement requirements of the workpiece to be detected. The combination of intelligent sensing and mechanical structure realizes the adjustment of focal length and irradiation angle, with fast adjustment speed and high precision.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The illustrative examples of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic adjustment device for X-ray detection of weld defects according to the present invention;

FIG2 is a top view of a weld;

FIG3 is a side view of the weld before angle adjustment;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the weld after the angle adjustment is completed.

In the figure: 1. X-ray flaw detector; 2. Support table; 3. Motor support frame; 4. Fixing clamp; 5. Welding workpiece storage table; 6. Motor 1; 7. Upper adjustment plate; 8. Adjustment rod; 9. Rotating plate; 10. Base; 11. Rotating rod; 12.1. Connecting rod 1; 12.2. Connecting rod 2; 12.3. Connecting rod 3; 13. Electric push rod; 14. Lower adjustment plate; 15. Motor 2; 16. Line laser camera; 17.1. Laser ranging sensor 1; 17.2. Laser ranging sensor 2; 18.1. Guide rail 1; 18.2. Guide rail 2; 19.1. Stepper motor 1; 19.2. Stepper motor 2; 20. Control module.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the adjustment device for X-ray detection of weld defects of the present invention is composed of a laser angle measurement module, a control module, a guide rail sliding module, a 360° omnidirectional rotation module, a height adjustment module, an irradiation angle adjustment module and other accessories. The laser angle measurement module is in the same plane as the X-ray flaw detector window, and the middle position of the weld is determined by the line laser camera 16. The guide rail sliding module is used to realize that the axis of the X-ray flaw detector window passes through the middle position of the weld. The laser distance sensor is used to measure in real time whether the distance from the X-ray flaw detection window to the weld parent material is equal, and it is determined whether the angle of the X-ray flaw detection window relative to the plane where the weld is located is in a vertical state. The 360° omnidirectional rotation module is placed on the base, and the 360° omnidirectional rotation module can be rotated at any angle by fixing the base. The height adjustment module is connected to the 360° omnidirectional rotation module through the lower adjustment plate, and the height of the welding workpiece storage table is adjusted under the action of the electric push rod. The irradiation angle adjustment module is connected to the height adjustment module through the upper adjustment plate to realize the adjustment of the weld direction.

As shown in FIG1 , the automatic adjustment device for X-ray detection of weld defects of the present invention comprises a laser angle measurement module, a guide rail sliding module, a control module, a 360° omnidirectional rotation module, a weld angle adjustment module, a height adjustment module, and an irradiation angle adjustment module. The laser angle measurement module is in the same plane as the window of the X-ray flaw detector, and measures in real time whether the distance from the window of the X-ray flaw detector 1 to the weld parent material is equal, and determines whether the angle of the window of the X-ray flaw detector 1 relative to the plane where the weld is located is in a vertical state; the guide rail sliding module is placed on the base to adjust the relative position of the weld and the window of the X-ray flaw detector; the control module 20 is placed in the base 10, and the control module 20 is placed in the base 10. Based on the data obtained by the laser angle measurement module, the movement of the motor 16, motor 2 15, stepper motor 19.1, stepper motor 2 19.2 and other mechanisms in the entire device is controlled; the 360° all-round rotation module is driven by the motor 2 15 built into the base 10 to drive the rotating disk 9 to achieve 360° rotation; the height adjustment module connects the upper adjustment plate 7 and the lower adjustment plate 14 through the adjustment rod 8, and realizes height adjustment under the joint action of the electric push rod 13 and the connecting rods 1, 2, 3 12.1, 12.2, 12.3; the irradiation angle adjustment module is supported by the lower adjustment plate 14, and the welding workpiece storage table 5 is driven by the motor 16 to rotate to achieve the adjustment of the irradiation angle. Other accessories are composed of a base, a support table, etc. to achieve the fixation of the flaw detector and the motor.

The laser distance measuring sensor 1 17.1 and the laser distance measuring sensor 2 17.2 are symmetrically placed on both sides of the line laser camera 16, and together constitute a laser angle measurement module, which is fixed on the crossbeam part of the support platform 2. The two lower support ends of the support platform 2 are fixed to the guide rail 18.1 and the guide rail 2 18.2 through the connecting plate. The laser angle measurement module and the window of the X-ray flaw detector 1 are in the same plane, and it is ensured that the axis of the line laser camera 16 and the X-ray flaw detector 1 are placed coincidently; the middle position of the weld is determined by the length of the broken line segment and the broken line point of the linear laser image obtained by the line laser camera 16, and the laser distance measuring sensor 1 17.1 and the laser distance measuring sensor 2 17.2 respectively measure the distance from their position to the parent material plates on both sides of the weld.

The guide rail sliding module includes two guide rails 1, 18.1, 18.2, two stepper motors 1, 19.1, 19.2, which are respectively fixed to the base 10 by screws and connecting plates. Under the control of the online laser camera 16 and the control module 20, the relative position of the X-ray flaw detector 1 on the support table 2 and the weld on the welding workpiece storage table 5 is adjusted to achieve the window axis of the X-ray flaw detector 1 passing through the middle position of the weld.

The weld angle adjustment module comprises a fixing clamp 4, a welding workpiece storage table 5, a motor 16, and a rotating rod 11. The fixing clamp 4 fixes the welding workpiece on the welding workpiece storage table 5. When the inner rod of the electric push rod 13 does not perform telescopic movement and is in a stationary state, the motor 16 is clamped and fixed on the support frame 3 and connected to the welding workpiece storage table 5 through the rotating rod 11 to control the inclination angle of the welding workpiece storage table 5; under the control of two laser ranging sensors 1, 17.1, 17.2 and a control module 20, the relative angle between the weld on the welding workpiece storage table 5 and the X-ray flaw detector 1 is adjusted. When the two laser ranging sensors 1, 17.1, 17.2 measure that the distance between the parent material plates on both sides of the weld is equal, the angle adjustment is achieved.

The 360° omnidirectional rotating module is composed of a rotating disk 9, a base 10, and a second motor 15. The rotating disk 9 is mounted on the base 10 and rotates under the drive of the second motor 15. When the rotating disk drives the second motor 15 to rotate a certain angle, the 360° rotating module rotates the same angle on the plane where the motor base is located. Under the feedback control of the online laser camera 16 and the control module 20, the direction of the weld on the welding workpiece storage table 5 is adjusted so that the direction of the weld is parallel to the axis of the X-ray flaw detector 1.

The height adjustment module includes a support frame 3, an upper adjustment plate 7, a plurality of adjustment rods 8, a connecting rod 1 12.1, a connecting rod 2 12.2, a connecting rod 3 12.3, an electric push rod 13, and a lower adjustment plate 14. The support frame 3 is fixed on a rotating disk 9. When the inner rod of the electric push rod 13 is in a telescopic state, the motor 1 6 can slide up and down on the support frame 3. When the electric push rod 13 is in a stationary state, the motor 1 6 is fixed by the internal clamping mechanism of the support frame 3. The upper adjustment plate 7 is connected to the rotating rod 11 and is connected to each adjustment rod 8 in sequence by bolts. The adjustment rod 8 is connected to the lower adjustment plate 14 by bolts. The connecting rod 2 12.2 is connected to the electric push rod 13. The connecting rod 2 12.2 moves back and forth under the push of the electric push rod 13 to achieve height adjustment. The end of the electric push rod 13 is fixed on the upper side of the lower adjusting plate 14, and the lower adjusting plate 14 is fixed on the rotating disk 9. When the inner rod of the electric push rod 13 is in the telescopic state, the connecting rod 3 12.3 moves back and forth along the groove of the lower adjusting plate 14.

1 to 4 , the automatic adjustment method for X-ray detection of weld defects of the present invention comprises the following steps:

Step 1, placement of welding workpiece: Place the welding workpiece stably on the welding workpiece placement table 5, and try to align the direction of the weld with the axis direction of the X-ray flaw detector to reduce the automatic adjustment time of the device.

Step 2: After the welding workpiece is placed on the welding workpiece storage table 5, the laser angle measurement module starts to identify the center position of the weld and the angle information between the X-ray and the weld surface.

Step 2.1, the line laser camera 16 irradiates the weld, the total length of the laser line is Ln=L1n-L2n, where the weld width is Wn=W1n-W2n, and drives the 360° omnidirectional rotating module and the guide rail sliding module. The specific adjustments are:

When L1m-W1m＞L2m-W2m and L1k-W1k＞L2k-W2k appear multiple times, the 360° omnidirectional rotating module is driven to rotate by an angle δ under the drive of motor 2 15; when L1m-W1m＜L2m-W2m and L1k-W1k＜L2k-W2k appear multiple times, the 360° omnidirectional rotating module is driven to rotate in the opposite direction by an angle δ under the drive of motor 2 15.

When all L1n-W1n＞L2n-W2n, the guide rail sliding module is adjusted to move forward; when all L1n-W1n＜L2n-W2n, the guide rail sliding module is adjusted to move reversely; finally, (L1n-W1n)-(L2n-W2n)<0.1, and the angle and position adjustment are completed.

Wherein Ln is the nth laser line, Wn is the weld width in the nth laser line, L1n is the leftmost coordinate point of the nth laser line, L2n is the rightmost coordinate point of the nth laser line, W1n is the leftmost coordinate point of the nth weld, W2n is the leftmost coordinate point of the nth weld, L1m is the leftmost coordinate point of the mth laser line, L2m is the rightmost coordinate point of the mth laser line, W1k is the leftmost coordinate point of the kth weld, W2k is the leftmost coordinate point of the kth weld, m<k.

Step 2.2, two laser distance measuring sensors 1, 2 17.1, 17.2 measure the parent materials on both sides of the weld, the distances are d1n, d2n respectively, and drive the motor of the weld angle adjustment module. When d1n>d2n, motor 16 rotates an angle θ, and compares the values of d1n and d2n again. If d1n>d2n, motor 16 continues to rotate an angle θ until d1n-d2n<0.1, and the angle adjustment is completed; when d1n<d2n, motor 16 rotates an angle θ in the opposite direction, and compares the values of d1n and d2n again. If d1n<d2n, motor 16 continues to rotate an angle θ in the opposite direction until d1n-d2n<0.1, and the angle adjustment is completed. Where d1n is the nth measured distance of laser distance measuring sensor 1, and d2n is the nth measured distance of laser distance measuring sensor 2.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made to the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. An automatic adjustment device for X-ray detection of weld defects, characterized in that it comprises a laser angle measurement module, a guide rail sliding module, a control module, a 360° omnidirectional rotation module, a weld angle adjustment module, a height adjustment module, and an irradiation angle adjustment module, wherein the laser angle measurement module and the window of the X-ray flaw detector (1) are located in the same plane, and the distance from the window of the X-ray flaw detector to the weld parent material is measured in real time; the guide rail sliding module is placed on a base (10) to adjust the relative position of the weld and the window of the X-ray flaw detector (1); the control module is placed in the base (10), and the control module controls a motor 1 (6), a motor 2 (15 ), stepper motor 1 (19.1), and stepper motor 2 (19.2); the 360° omnidirectional rotation module is driven by motor 2 (15) built into the base (10) to drive the rotating disk (9) to achieve 360° rotation; the height adjustment module is connected to the upper adjustment plate (7) and the lower adjustment plate (14) through the adjustment rod (8), and the height adjustment is achieved under the joint action of the electric push rod (13) and the connecting rods 1, 2, and 3 (12.1, 12.2, and 12.3); the irradiation angle adjustment module is supported by the lower adjustment plate (14), and the welding workpiece storage table (5) is driven by motor 1 (6) to rotate to achieve the adjustment of the irradiation angle; The laser distance measuring sensor 1 (17.1) and the laser distance measuring sensor 2 (17.2) are symmetrically placed on both sides of the line laser camera (16), and together form a laser angle measurement module, which is fixed to the crossbeam of the support platform (2). The two lower support ends of the support platform (2) are fixed to the guide rail 1 (18.1) and the guide rail 2 (18.2) through a connecting plate. The laser angle measurement module and the window of the X-ray flaw detector (1) are in the same plane, and the axis of the line laser camera (16) and the X-ray flaw detector (1) are placed to coincide with each other. The middle position of the weld is determined by the length of the broken line segment and the broken line point of the linear laser image obtained by the line laser camera (16). The laser distance measuring sensor 1 (17.1) and the laser distance measuring sensor 2 (17.2) respectively measure the distance from the position to the parent material plates on both sides of the weld. The guide rail 1 (18.1), the guide rail 2 (18.2), the stepper motor 1 (19.1), and the stepper motor 2 (19.2) together form a guide rail sliding module. The guide rail 1 (18.1) and the guide rail 2 (18.2) are fixed on the base (10). The relative position of the X-ray flaw detector (1) on the support table (2) and the weld on the welding workpiece storage table (5) is adjusted by the guide rail sliding module to achieve that the window axis of the X-ray flaw detector (1) passes through the middle position of the weld. The weld angle adjustment module comprises: a fixing clamp (4) fixing the welding workpiece on the welding workpiece storage table (5); a motor 1 (6) slidingly locking on the support frame (3) and connected to the welding workpiece storage table (5) via a rotating rod (11) to control the tilt angle of the welding workpiece storage table (5); and adjusting the relative angle between the weld on the welding workpiece storage table (5) and the X-ray flaw detector (1) via the weld angle adjustment module. When the distances from the positions where the laser distance measuring sensors 1 and 2 (17.1 and 17.2) are measured to the parent material plates on both sides of the weld are equal, the angle adjustment is achieved. 2. The automatic adjustment device for X-ray detection of weld defects according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the 360° omnidirectional rotation module is: a rotating disk (9) is installed on a base (10) and rotates under the drive of a second motor (15); the direction of the weld on the welding workpiece storage table (5) is adjusted by the 360° omnidirectional rotation module so that the direction of the weld is parallel to the axis of the X-ray flaw detector (1). 3. The automatic adjustment device for X-ray detection of weld defects according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the height adjustment module is: the support frame (3) is fixed on the rotating disk (9), when the inner rod of the electric push rod (13) is in the telescopic state, the motor 1 (6) slides up and down on the support frame (3), and when the electric push rod (13) is in the static state, the motor 1 (6) is fixed by the internal clamping mechanism of the support frame (3); the upper adjustment plate (7) is connected to the rotating rod (11), and is connected to each adjustment rod (8) in sequence through bolts. The adjusting rod (8) is connected to the lower adjusting plate (14) by bolts, the connecting rod (12.2) is connected to the electric push rod (13), and the connecting rod (12.2) moves back and forth under the push of the electric push rod (13) to achieve height adjustment; the end of the electric push rod (13) is fixed on the upper surface of the lower adjusting plate (14), and the lower adjusting plate (14) is fixed on the rotating disk (9). When the inner rod of the electric push rod (13) is in a telescopic state, the connecting rod (12.3) moves back and forth along the groove of the lower adjusting plate (14). 4. A method for automatic adjustment of weld defect X-ray detection implemented by using the automatic adjustment device for weld defect X-ray detection according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Place the welding workpiece: Place the welding workpiece stably on the welding workpiece storage table (5), and align the direction of the weld with the axis direction of the X-ray flaw detector; Step 2: After the welding workpiece is placed on the welding workpiece storage table (5), the laser angle measurement module starts to identify the center position of the weld and the angle information between the X-ray and the weld surface; Step 2.1, the line laser camera (16) is irradiated on the weld, the total length of the laser line is Ln=L1n-L2n, wherein the weld width is Wn=W1n-W2n, the 360° omnidirectional rotating module and the guide rail sliding module are driven to make L1n-W1n=L2n-W2n, and the angle and position are adjusted; Where Ln is the nth laser line, Wn is the weld width in the nth laser line, L1n is the leftmost coordinate point of the nth laser line, L2n is the rightmost coordinate point of the nth laser line, W1n is the leftmost coordinate point of the nth weld, and W2n is the leftmost coordinate point of the nth weld; Step 2.2, laser distance measuring sensors 1 and 2 (17.1, 17.2) measure the distances from their respective positions to the parent materials on both sides of the weld, the distances being d1n and d2n respectively, and drive motor 1 (6) of the weld angle adjustment module to make d1n=d2n, and the angle adjustment is completed; wherein d1n is the nth measured distance of laser distance measuring sensor 1, and d2n is the nth measured distance of laser distance measuring sensor 2.