CN115612171B - Low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method - Google Patents
Low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115612171B CN115612171B CN202211289531.8A CN202211289531A CN115612171B CN 115612171 B CN115612171 B CN 115612171B CN 202211289531 A CN202211289531 A CN 202211289531A CN 115612171 B CN115612171 B CN 115612171B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 7
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;molecular oxygen Chemical compound O=O.O=C=O UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
- C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
- C08J11/10—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
- C08J11/14—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with steam or water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2363/00—Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method, which comprises the following steps: carrying out pyrolysis carbonization reaction on the waste wind power blades cut into blocks in nitrogen atmosphere to obtain carbonized products and pyrolysis carbonization tail gas; mixing pyrolysis carbonization tail gas with normal-temperature oxygen to be used as an oxidizing atmosphere; carrying out oxidation reaction on the carbonized product in an oxidizing atmosphere, and recovering the reinforced fiber after the reaction is finished; the oxidation tail gas generated by the oxidation reaction exchanges heat with low-temperature molten salt, the low-temperature molten salt is exchanged into high-temperature molten salt, and the cooled oxidation tail gas is sequentially washed with water and adsorbed by activated carbon and then is emptied; and (3) carrying out heat exchange on the normal-temperature nitrogen and the high-temperature molten salt, and taking the preheated nitrogen as a reaction atmosphere for pyrolysis carbonization. The recovery method provided by the invention effectively reduces the energy consumption of the related technology, has high recovery efficiency and high quality of recovered fibers, and has a wide application prospect in the field of recovery of waste wind power blades.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment, relates to a recovery technology of wind power blades, and particularly relates to a low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method.
Background
With the vigorous development of the domestic wind power industry, the number of waste wind power blades is increased, and the waste wind power blades become industrial solid waste with high added value to be treated urgently. The wind power blade is mainly made of fiber reinforced resin matrix composite materials. Pyrolysis is a common recovery method of composite materials, and is usually carried out by converting matrix resin of the composite materials into gaseous micromolecular compounds under the action of specific atmosphere and high temperature (more than or equal to 850 ℃) to recover reinforcing fibers with higher added value, thereby realizing resource utilization. The method for treating the waste blades has the technical advantages of simple process, easy scale, engineering and the like, but has the defects of high energy consumption, low quality of recovered fibers and the like, so that the development of a pyrolysis technology with low energy consumption and improved quality of the recovered fibers has important significance for wind power blade recovery.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method. The recovery method provided by the invention effectively reduces the energy consumption of the related technology, has high recovery efficiency and high quality of recovered fibers, and has a wide application prospect in the field of recovery of waste wind power blades.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps of:
(1) Cutting the waste wind power blades after the metal components are removed into blocks;
(2) Carrying out pyrolysis carbonization reaction on the waste wind power blades cut into blocks in nitrogen atmosphere at the temperature of 280-320 ℃ to obtain carbonized products and pyrolysis carbonization tail gas;
(3) Mixing the pyrolysis carbonization tail gas with normal-temperature oxygen to be used as an oxidizing atmosphere, wherein the volume fraction of the oxygen is 8% -16%;
(4) Oxidizing the carbonized product in oxidizing atmosphere at 390-420 deg.c to recover reinforcing fiber;
the oxidized tail gas generated by the oxidation reaction in the step (4) exchanges heat with low-temperature molten salt, the low-temperature molten salt is exchanged into high-temperature molten salt, and the cooled oxidized tail gas is sequentially subjected to water washing and activated carbon adsorption and then is emptied; and (3) carrying out heat exchange on the normal-temperature nitrogen and the high-temperature molten salt, and taking the preheated nitrogen as the reaction atmosphere for pyrolysis carbonization in the step (2).
According to the invention, the carbonization and oxidation processes are separated through the regulation and control of the reaction atmosphere, and different reaction temperatures are set for different reactions, so that the reaction temperature is reduced to the greatest extent, the recovery energy consumption of the blade is reduced, and the quality of the recovered fiber is improved.
Meanwhile, the method of the invention recovers part of heat of the oxidation tail gas generated by the oxidation reaction, is used for heating nitrogen of the pyrolysis carbonization process, effectively reduces heating energy consumption of the pyrolysis carbonization reaction, and simultaneously, the pyrolysis carbonization tail gas generated by the pyrolysis carbonization and normal-temperature oxygen form an oxidation atmosphere, and effectively reduces heating energy consumption required by the oxidation reaction.
In some embodiments, the reinforcing fibers are one of glass fibers, carbon fibers, or a mixture of both.
In some embodiments, the oxygen volume content in the oxidizing atmosphere is 10% to 12%.
In some embodiments, the time of the oxidation reaction is 1h to 2h.
In some embodiments, the pyrolytic carbonization reaction takes 1 to 2 hours.
In some embodiments, the pyrolytic carbonization reaction is the same reaction time as the oxidation reaction.
In some embodiments, the size of the waste wind blades cut into pieces is (8-10) cm× (8-10) cm.
In some embodiments, the total flow of oxidizing atmosphere is 12L/min to 16L/min.
In some embodiments, the molten salt is a nitro-type molten salt; further is a mixture of two or three of potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate and sodium nitrite.
In some embodiments, the ambient nitrogen is preheated to 150 ℃ to 170 ℃ with a high temperature molten salt.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, the carbonization and oxidation processes are separated through the regulation and control of the reaction atmosphere, the pyrolysis carbonization reaction is carried out under the nitrogen atmosphere, and then the oxidation reaction is carried out under the oxidation atmosphere, so that the reaction temperature can be reduced to the greatest extent, the temperature of the pyrolysis carbonization reaction is 280-320 ℃, the temperature of the oxidation reaction is 390-420 ℃, compared with the traditional pyrolysis method (more than or equal to 850 ℃), the recovery energy consumption of the blade is greatly reduced, the problem that the traditional pyrolysis method (more than or equal to 850 ℃) damages the recovered fiber is greatly solved, the quality of the recovered fiber is improved, and the recovery value is higher.
(2) In the method, partial heat of high-temperature tail gas generated by the oxidation reaction is recovered by introducing molten salt for heat exchange, nitrogen used for heating the pyrolysis carbonization process is used for effectively reducing heating energy consumption of the pyrolysis carbonization reaction, and meanwhile, the pyrolysis carbonization tail gas generated by the pyrolysis carbonization and normal-temperature oxygen form an oxidizing atmosphere, so that heating energy consumption required by the oxidation reaction is effectively reduced.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a wind turbine blade recovery method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is exemplary and intended to be illustrative of the invention and not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The present invention has been made based on the findings and knowledge of the inventors regarding the following facts and problems: the traditional wind power blade recovery technology generally converts the matrix resin of the composite material into gaseous micromolecular compound under the action of specific atmosphere and high temperature (more than or equal to 850 ℃) to recover the reinforcing fiber with higher added value, and the pyrolysis recovery technology has high recovery efficiency, but the recovered fiber has large strength loss, residues are arranged on the surface of the recovered fiber, the quality of the recovered fiber is poor, and the energy consumption is also larger. The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.
Therefore, the low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps of:
(1) Cutting the waste wind power blades after the metal components are removed into blocks;
(2) Carrying out pyrolysis carbonization reaction on the waste wind power blades cut into blocks in nitrogen atmosphere at the temperature of 280-320 ℃ to obtain carbonized products and pyrolysis carbonization tail gas;
(3) Mixing pyrolysis carbonization tail gas and normal-temperature oxygen as an oxidizing atmosphere, wherein the volume fraction of the oxygen is 8% -16%;
(4) Oxidizing the carbonized product in oxidizing atmosphere at 390-420 deg.c to recover reinforcing fiber;
the oxidized tail gas generated by the oxidation reaction in the step (4) exchanges heat with low-temperature molten salt, the low-temperature molten salt is exchanged into high-temperature molten salt, and the cooled oxidized tail gas is sequentially subjected to water washing and activated carbon adsorption and then is emptied; and (3) carrying out heat exchange on the normal-temperature nitrogen and the high-temperature molten salt, and taking the preheated nitrogen as the reaction atmosphere for pyrolysis carbonization in the step (2).
Non-limiting examples are: the temperature of the pyrolysis carbonization reaction may be 280 ℃, 285 ℃, 290 ℃, 300 ℃, 315 ℃, 320 ℃, etc. The temperature of the oxidation reaction may be 390 ℃, 395 ℃, 400 ℃, 410 ℃, 415 ℃, 420 ℃ and the like.
Non-limiting examples are: the volume fraction of oxygen may be 8%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 14%, 16%, etc. The volume fraction of the oxygen is controlled within the range of 8% -16%, so that the oxidation speed is not too slow, the oxidation reaction can be completed within 1-2 hours, and the thermal damage to the recycled fibers caused by the too fast oxidation speed is avoided.
According to the invention, the carbonization and oxidation processes are separated through the regulation and control of the reaction atmosphere, and different reaction temperatures are set for different reactions, so that the reaction temperature is reduced to the greatest extent, the recovery energy consumption of the blade is reduced, and the quality of the recovered fiber is improved.
Meanwhile, the method of the invention recovers part of heat of the oxidation tail gas generated by the oxidation reaction, is used for heating nitrogen of the pyrolysis carbonization process, effectively reduces heating energy consumption of the pyrolysis carbonization reaction, and simultaneously, the pyrolysis carbonization tail gas generated by the pyrolysis carbonization and normal-temperature oxygen form an oxidation atmosphere, and effectively reduces heating energy consumption required by the oxidation reaction.
In some embodiments, the reinforcing fibers are one of glass fibers, carbon fibers, or a mixture of both.
In some embodiments, the oxygen volume content is 10% to 12% in an oxidizing atmosphere. Non-limiting examples are: the volume fraction of oxygen may be 10%, 10.5%, 11%, 11.5%, 11.8%, 12%, etc.
In some embodiments, the time of the oxidation reaction is 1h to 2h. Non-limiting examples are: the time of the oxidation reaction may be 1h, 1.2h, 1.4h, 1.5h, 1.8h, 2h, etc.
In some embodiments, the pyrolysis carbonization reaction time is 1h to 2h. Non-limiting examples are: the pyrolysis carbonization reaction time can be 1h, 1.2h, 1.4h, 1.5h, 1.8h, 2h, etc.
In some embodiments, the reaction time of the pyrolytic carbonization reaction is the same as the oxidation reaction.
In some embodiments, the size of the waste wind blades cut into pieces is (8-10) cm× (8-10) cm. Non-limiting examples are: the dimensions of the waste wind power blades can be cut into lengths, widths=8 cm×8cm, 8.5cm×8.5cm, 9cm×9cm, 9.5cm×9.5cm, 10cm×10cm, etc. It can be understood that the wind power blade is cut into blocks, so that the wind power blade can be conveniently and fully contacted with pyrolysis carbonization atmosphere and oxidation atmosphere, and the pyrolysis carbonization reaction and oxidation reaction are facilitated, and the quality of the recycled fibers is further ensured.
In some embodiments, the total flow of oxidizing atmosphere is 12L/min to 16L/min. Non-limiting examples are: the total flow rate of the oxidizing atmosphere may be 12L/min, 12.5L/min, 13L/min, 14L/min, 15L/min, 16L/min, etc.
In some embodiments, the molten salt is a nitro-type molten salt; further is a mixture of two or three of potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate and sodium nitrite. Can be purchased directly from commercial sources, such as JL3A type, and the use temperature is between 150 ℃ and 550 ℃.
In some embodiments, ambient nitrogen is preheated to 150 ℃ to 170 ℃ with a high temperature molten salt.
FIG. 1 shows a process flow diagram of a wind power blade recovery method of the present invention. It is understood that as an example, the pyrolysis carbonization reaction is performed in a pyrolysis carbonization furnace, the oxidation reaction is performed in an oxidation furnace, the molten salt heat exchange is performed in a molten salt heat exchange device, the water washing is performed in a water tank, and the activated carbon adsorption is performed in an activated carbon adsorption tower. The equipment or device involved in the recovery method of the invention is all existing equipment or device.
In the working process, a block-shaped wind power blade which is cut into a prescribed size ((8-10) cm multiplied by (8-10) cm) by a cutting machine is put into a pyrolysis carbonization furnace, nitrogen is introduced into the pyrolysis carbonization furnace, and pyrolysis carbonization reaction is carried out for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 280-320 ℃ to obtain carbonized products and pyrolysis carbonized tail gas; and (3) placing the carbonized product into an oxidation furnace, mixing pyrolysis carbonized tail gas with normal-temperature oxygen, wherein the volume fraction of the oxygen is 8% -16%, taking the mixture as an oxidizing atmosphere, carrying out oxidation reaction on the carbonized product at 390-420 ℃ for 1-2 hours in the oxidizing atmosphere, and recovering the reinforced fiber after the reaction is finished.
The oxidized tail gas generated by the oxidation reaction exchanges heat with low-temperature molten salt through a molten salt heat exchange device, the low-temperature molten salt is exchanged into high-temperature molten salt, and the main components of the oxidized tail gas after cooling are nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, thick paste aromatic hydrocarbon, nitrogen oxides and the like. And (3) washing with water through a water tank, separating out polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, remaining in water to form an oil phase, enabling the washing tail gas to enter an active carbon adsorption tower, removing pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and the like through an active carbon adsorption process, and directly evacuating.
It can be appreciated that in order to further save energy consumption, the normal-temperature nitrogen exchanges heat with the high-temperature molten salt through the molten salt heat exchange device before entering the pyrolysis carbonization furnace, and the preheated nitrogen enters the pyrolysis carbonization furnace again.
It will be appreciated that the same reaction time is used for the pyrolytic carbonization and oxidation reactions in order to form a continuous cycle of spent blade recovery.
The following are non-limiting examples of the invention.
The recovery effect of examples 1 to 8 of the present invention was evaluated by the resin retention rate of the recovered fibers and the strength retention rate of the recovered fibers.
Analyzing the content of the resin in the recycled fiber by adopting a Mettler Toledo pyrolysis gravimetric analyzer, wherein the lower the content is, the more sufficient the resin in the blade is degraded;
the tensile strength of the recycled fiber is measured by using an LLY-06E tensile tester, the ratio of the tensile strength to the fibril strength represents the strength retention rate of the recycled fiber, and the larger the retention rate is, the smaller the influence of the degradation process on the recycled fiber is.
The recovery systems of embodiments 1-8 of the present invention can be evaluated for tail gas heat utilization. The more heat carried away by the tail gas is indicative of the lower utilization rate of the system waste heat, and the greater the energy consumption of the system (additionally supplemented); the lower the heat carried away by the tail gas, the higher the utilization rate of the waste heat of the system, and the lower the energy consumption of the system (additionally supplemented).
When the molten salt heat exchange device is not added, the heat of the oxidized tail gas is Q 1 After the molten salt heat exchange device is added, the heat of tail gas discharged from the molten salt heat exchange device is Q 2 Tail gas heat utilization rate is eta= (Q) 1 -Q 2 )/Q 1 。
Example 1
A low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method comprises the following steps of:
(1) Cutting the waste wind power blades after removing the metal components into blocks with the size of 8cm multiplied by 8cm;
(2) Carrying out pyrolysis carbonization on the waste wind power blades cut into blocks in nitrogen atmosphere at 320 ℃ for 1.4 hours to obtain carbonized products and pyrolysis carbonized tail gas;
(3) Mixing pyrolysis carbonization tail gas and normal-temperature oxygen to be used as an oxidizing atmosphere; wherein the volume fraction of oxygen is 15%;
(4) Carrying out oxidation reaction on the carbonized product in an oxidizing atmosphere (with the flow of 13L/min) at 410 ℃ for 1.4 hours, and recovering the glass fiber after the reaction;
the oxidized tail gas generated by the oxidation reaction is subjected to heat exchange with JL3A molten salt to be stored into high-temperature molten salt, and then water washing and activated carbon adsorption are sequentially carried out, and the mixture is emptied;
and (3) exchanging heat between the normal-temperature nitrogen and the high-temperature molten salt, preheating to 160-170 ℃ and then taking the preheated mixture as the reaction atmosphere for pyrolysis carbonization in the step (2).
The strength retention of the recycled fiber of this example 1 was 95.1%, the resin residue rate was 4.1%, and the tail gas heat utilization was 67.4%.
Example 2
A low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method comprises the following steps of:
(1) Cutting the waste wind power blades after removing the metal components into blocks with the size of 8cm multiplied by 8cm;
(2) Carrying out pyrolysis carbonization on the waste wind power blades cut into blocks in nitrogen atmosphere at the temperature of 285 ℃ for 1.5 hours to obtain carbonized products and pyrolysis carbonized tail gas;
(3) Mixing pyrolysis carbonization tail gas and normal-temperature oxygen to be used as an oxidizing atmosphere; wherein the volume fraction of oxygen is 8%;
(4) Carrying out oxidation reaction on the carbonized product in an oxidizing atmosphere (the flow is 14.5L/min) at 390 ℃ for 1.5h, and recovering the glass fiber after the reaction;
the oxidized tail gas generated by the oxidation reaction is subjected to heat exchange with JL3A molten salt to be stored into high-temperature molten salt, and then water washing and activated carbon adsorption are sequentially carried out, and the mixture is emptied;
and (3) exchanging heat between the normal-temperature nitrogen and the high-temperature molten salt, preheating to 160-170 ℃ and then taking the preheated mixture as the reaction atmosphere for pyrolysis carbonization in the step (2).
The strength retention of the recycled fiber in this example 2 was 94.8%, the resin residue rate was 5.2%, and the tail gas heat utilization was 63.6%.
Example 3
A low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method comprises the following steps of:
(1) Cutting the waste wind power blades after removing the metal components into blocks with the size of 8cm multiplied by 8cm;
(2) Carrying out pyrolysis carbonization on the waste wind power blades cut into blocks in nitrogen atmosphere at the temperature of 315 ℃ for 1h to obtain carbonized products and pyrolysis carbonized tail gas;
(3) Mixing pyrolysis carbonization tail gas and normal-temperature oxygen to be used as an oxidizing atmosphere; wherein the volume fraction of oxygen is 12%;
(4) Carrying out oxidation reaction on the carbonized product in an oxidizing atmosphere (the flow is 15L/min) at 400 ℃ for 1h, and recovering the glass fiber after the reaction;
the oxidized tail gas generated by the oxidation reaction is subjected to heat exchange with JL3A molten salt to be stored into high-temperature molten salt, and then water washing and activated carbon adsorption are sequentially carried out, and the mixture is emptied;
and (3) exchanging heat between the normal-temperature nitrogen and the high-temperature molten salt, preheating to 160-170 ℃ and then taking the preheated mixture as the reaction atmosphere for pyrolysis carbonization in the step (2).
The strength retention of the recycled fiber in this example 3 was 94.9%, the resin residue rate was 4%, and the tail gas heat utilization was 64.5%.
Example 4
A low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method comprises the following steps of:
(1) Cutting the waste wind power blades after removing the metal components into blocks with the size of 8cm multiplied by 8cm;
(2) Carrying out pyrolysis carbonization on the waste wind power blades cut into blocks in nitrogen atmosphere at the temperature of 300 ℃ for 1.2 hours to obtain carbonized products and pyrolysis carbonized tail gas;
(3) Mixing pyrolysis carbonization tail gas and normal-temperature oxygen to be used as an oxidizing atmosphere; wherein the volume fraction of oxygen is 9%;
(4) Carrying out oxidation reaction on the carbonized product in an oxidizing atmosphere (the flow is 15.2L/min) at 420 ℃ for 1.2h, and recovering the glass fiber after the reaction;
the oxidized tail gas generated by the oxidation reaction is subjected to heat exchange with JL3A molten salt to be stored into high-temperature molten salt, and then water washing and activated carbon adsorption are sequentially carried out, and the mixture is emptied;
and (3) exchanging heat between the normal-temperature nitrogen and the high-temperature molten salt, preheating to 160-170 ℃ and then taking the preheated mixture as the reaction atmosphere for pyrolysis carbonization in the step (2).
The strength retention of the recycled fiber in this example 4 was 93.2%, the resin residue rate was 3.8%, and the tail gas heat utilization was 68.1%.
Example 5
A low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method comprises the following steps of:
(1) Cutting the waste wind power blades after removing the metal components into blocks with the size of 8cm multiplied by 8cm;
(2) Carrying out pyrolysis carbonization on the waste wind power blades cut into blocks in nitrogen atmosphere at the temperature of 287 ℃ for 1.5 hours to obtain carbonized products and pyrolysis carbonized tail gas;
(3) Mixing pyrolysis carbonization tail gas and normal-temperature oxygen to be used as an oxidizing atmosphere; wherein the volume fraction of oxygen is 10%;
(4) Carrying out oxidation reaction on the carbonized product in an oxidizing atmosphere (the flow is 14.3L/min) at 410 ℃ for 1.5 hours, and recovering the glass fiber after the reaction;
the oxidized tail gas generated by the oxidation reaction is subjected to heat exchange with JL3A molten salt to be stored into high-temperature molten salt, and then water washing and activated carbon adsorption are sequentially carried out, and the mixture is emptied;
and (3) exchanging heat between the normal-temperature nitrogen and the high-temperature molten salt, preheating to 160-170 ℃ and then taking the preheated mixture as the reaction atmosphere for pyrolysis carbonization in the step (2).
The strength retention of the recycled fiber in this example 5 was 94.8%, the resin residue rate was 4.4%, and the tail gas heat utilization was 66.3%.
The wind power blades processed in examples 1 to 5 are glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material blades, and specific parameters, recovery effects and tail gas heat utilization rate are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 examples 1 to 5 related process parameters, recovery effect, tail gas heat utilization
Example 6
A low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method comprises the following steps of:
(1) Cutting the waste wind power blades after removing the metal components into blocks with the size of 9cm multiplied by 9cm;
(2) Carrying out pyrolysis carbonization on the waste wind power blades cut into blocks in a nitrogen atmosphere at 320 ℃ for 1.3 hours to obtain carbonized products and pyrolysis carbonized tail gas;
(3) Mixing pyrolysis carbonization tail gas and normal-temperature oxygen to be used as an oxidizing atmosphere; wherein the volume fraction of oxygen is 10%;
(4) Carrying out oxidation reaction on the carbonized product in an oxidizing atmosphere (the flow is 12L/min) at 412 ℃ for 1.3 hours, and recovering the carbon fiber after the reaction;
the oxidized tail gas generated by the oxidation reaction is subjected to heat exchange with JL3A molten salt to be stored into high-temperature molten salt, and then water washing and activated carbon adsorption are sequentially carried out, and the mixture is emptied;
and (3) exchanging heat between the normal-temperature nitrogen and the high-temperature molten salt, preheating to 160-170 ℃ and then taking the preheated mixture as the reaction atmosphere for pyrolysis carbonization in the step (2).
The strength retention of the recycled fiber of example 6 was 93.2%, the resin residue rate was 5.3%, and the tail gas heat utilization was 66.8%.
Example 7
A low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method comprises the following steps of:
(1) Cutting the waste wind power blades after removing the metal components into blocks with the size of 9cm multiplied by 9cm;
(2) Carrying out pyrolysis carbonization on the waste wind power blades cut into blocks in nitrogen atmosphere at the temperature of 310 ℃ for 1.4 hours to obtain carbonized products and pyrolysis carbonized tail gas;
(3) Mixing pyrolysis carbonization tail gas and normal-temperature oxygen to be used as an oxidizing atmosphere; wherein the volume fraction of oxygen is 14%;
(4) Carrying out oxidation reaction on the carbonized product in an oxidation atmosphere (with the flow of 13.5L/min) at 408 ℃ for 1.4 hours, and recovering the carbon fiber after the reaction;
the oxidized tail gas generated by the oxidation reaction is subjected to heat exchange with JL3A molten salt to be stored into high-temperature molten salt, and then water washing and activated carbon adsorption are sequentially carried out, and the mixture is emptied;
and (3) exchanging heat between the normal-temperature nitrogen and the high-temperature molten salt, preheating to 160-170 ℃ and then taking the preheated mixture as the reaction atmosphere for pyrolysis carbonization in the step (2).
The strength retention of the recycled fiber in this example 7 was 94.1%, the resin residue rate was 4.9%, and the tail gas heat utilization was 65.1%.
Example 8
A low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method comprises the following steps of:
(1) Cutting the waste wind power blades after removing the metal components into blocks with the size of 9cm multiplied by 9cm;
(2) Carrying out pyrolysis carbonization on the waste wind power blades cut into blocks in nitrogen atmosphere at the temperature of 305 ℃ for 1.8 hours to obtain carbonized products and pyrolysis carbonized tail gas;
(3) Mixing pyrolysis carbonization tail gas and normal-temperature oxygen to be used as an oxidizing atmosphere; wherein the volume fraction of oxygen is 16%;
(4) Carrying out oxidation reaction on the carbonized product in an oxidizing atmosphere (with the flow of 12.5L/min) at 400 ℃ for 1.8 hours, and recovering the carbon fiber after the reaction;
the oxidized tail gas generated by the oxidation reaction is subjected to heat exchange with JL3A molten salt to be stored into high-temperature molten salt, and then water washing and activated carbon adsorption are sequentially carried out, and the mixture is emptied;
and (3) exchanging heat between the normal-temperature nitrogen and the high-temperature molten salt, preheating to 160-170 ℃ and then taking the preheated mixture as the reaction atmosphere for pyrolysis carbonization in the step (2).
The strength retention of the recycled fiber of example 8 was 94.5%, the resin residue rate was 4.5%, and the tail gas heat utilization was 64.4%.
The wind power blades processed in examples 6 to 8 are carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material blades, and specific parameters, recovery effects and tail gas heat utilization rate are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 examples 6 to 8 related process parameters, recovery effect, tail gas heat utilization
It can be seen from examples 1 to 8 that by adopting the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the recovery of the waste wind power blades at a lower temperature (the pyrolysis carbonization process temperature is 280-320 ℃ and the oxidation process temperature is 390-420 ℃) is realized, and meanwhile, the quality of the recovered fibers is high (aiming at the glass fiber and carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material blades, the strength retention rate is more than 93%, and the resin residue rate is less than 5.5%).
The method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that through molten salt heat exchange, the utilization rate of oxidized tail gas reaches over 63%, the full utilization of waste heat is realized, the energy consumption is further reduced, and the method has a wide application prospect.
For purposes of this disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Cutting the waste wind power blades after the metal components are removed into blocks;
(2) Carrying out pyrolysis carbonization reaction on the waste wind power blades cut into blocks in nitrogen atmosphere at the temperature of 280-320 ℃ to obtain carbonized products and pyrolysis carbonization tail gas;
(3) Mixing the pyrolysis carbonization tail gas with normal-temperature oxygen to be used as an oxidizing atmosphere, wherein the volume fraction of the oxygen is 8% -16%;
(4) Oxidizing the carbonized product in oxidizing atmosphere at 390-420 deg.c to recover reinforcing fiber;
the oxidized tail gas generated by the oxidation reaction in the step (4) exchanges heat with low-temperature molten salt, the low-temperature molten salt is exchanged into high-temperature molten salt, and the cooled oxidized tail gas is sequentially subjected to water washing and activated carbon adsorption and then is emptied; and (3) carrying out heat exchange on the normal-temperature nitrogen and the high-temperature molten salt, and taking the preheated nitrogen as the reaction atmosphere for pyrolysis carbonization in the step (2).
2. The low energy consumption wind turbine blade recovery method of claim 1, wherein the reinforcing fiber is one of glass fiber and carbon fiber or a mixture of both.
3. The low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen volume content in the oxidizing atmosphere is 10% -12%.
4. The low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method according to claim 1, wherein the time of the oxidation reaction is 1-2 h.
5. The low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method according to claim 4, wherein the pyrolysis carbonization reaction time is 1-2 h.
6. The low-energy wind turbine blade recovery method of claim 5, wherein the pyrolytic carbonization reaction and the oxidation reaction have the same reaction time.
7. The low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method according to claim 1, wherein the size of the waste wind power blade cut into the blocks is (8-10) cm x (8-10) cm.
8. The low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method according to claim 7, wherein the total flow of the oxidizing atmosphere is 12-16L/min.
9. The low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method according to claim 1, wherein the molten salt is a nitro-type molten salt.
10. The low-energy-consumption wind power blade recovery method according to claim 1, wherein the normal-temperature nitrogen is preheated to 150-170 ℃ by high-temperature molten salt.
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