CN115612152A - High-barrier plastic pipe and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

High-barrier plastic pipe and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115612152A
CN115612152A CN202110783364.1A CN202110783364A CN115612152A CN 115612152 A CN115612152 A CN 115612152A CN 202110783364 A CN202110783364 A CN 202110783364A CN 115612152 A CN115612152 A CN 115612152A
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plastic pipe
silicon oxide
plastic tube
barrier
plastic
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陈强
杨丽珍
刘忠伟
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Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication
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Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/04Coating
    • C08J7/06Coating with compositions not containing macromolecular substances
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007Details
    • A61B5/150015Source of blood
    • A61B5/15003Source of blood for venous or arterial blood
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007Details
    • A61B5/150343Collection vessels for collecting blood samples from the skin surface, e.g. test tubes, cuvettes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/153Devices specially adapted for taking samples of venous or arterial blood, e.g. with syringes
    • A61B5/154Devices using pre-evacuated means
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/04Coating
    • C08J7/048Forming gas barrier coatings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2367/00Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2367/02Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds

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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-barrier plastic pipe and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of plastic pipes. The high-barrier plastic pipe comprises a substrate plastic pipe and is characterized in that a nano silicon oxide coating is coated on the surface of the substrate plastic pipe to serve as a barrier layer, and the substrate plastic pipe is made of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide or polyester; the thickness of the nano silicon oxide coating is 1-1000 nm, and the nano silicon oxide coating is bonded to the surface of the matrix plastic pipe by a C-O-Si chemical bond. The high-barrier plastic pipe nanometer silicon oxide barrier layer provided by the invention has the advantages of compact film, high barrier property, strong adhesive force, no shedding, no deliquescence, no water loss, oil leakage resistance, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, harmful small molecule migration resistance, mildew resistance, silkworm food resistance and the like, has low surface energy, can be directly subjected to subsequent processes, and does not need surface retreatment or surface reactivation. Can be widely used for various plastic tubes such as vacuum blood collection, DNA, nucleic acid, liquid medicine and food, coffee, chemical reagents, urine and the like.

Description

High-barrier plastic pipe and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plastic pipes, relates to a barrier plastic pipe, and particularly relates to a high-barrier plastic pipe with a surface coated with a nano silicon oxide coating, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The traditional plastic pipe has loose structure, high moisture absorption, high air permeability, high water permeability and high water absorption, and can not be placed in a vacuum state for a long time. "Barrier" is used to reduce or eliminate the passage of air, water vapor, through a plastic tube. Materials capable of blocking oxygen and moisture transmission can be used as barrier materials. The barrier plastic pipe used at present is mainly prepared by adopting special materials, double-layer plastic pipes or methods of coating organic coatings on the surfaces, depositing thin films on the outer surfaces and the like. But the special material has the problems of only moisture resistance or only oxygen resistance, incapability of simultaneously blocking oxygen and water vapor and the like; the problems of pollution of stored objects, short storage time, easy degradation and aging, poor weather resistance, low adhesive force after soaking, discoloration of the organic coating along with time and the like exist when the surface of the plastic pipe is coated with the organic coating; the double-layer pipe has the problems of high cost, complex process, limited improvement of barrier property and the like; the method for depositing the film on the outer surface has the problems of incapability of ensuring uniformity, complex process, small production quantity, low efficiency and the like. In addition, the preparation method of the barrier plastic pipe also has the problems of complex process, high cost, difficult recycling, substandard environmental protection and the like.
The silicon oxide nano coating has the characteristics of high barrier (moisture and oxygen barrier) performance, moisture and water resistance, deliquescence resistance, strong weather resistance, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, micromolecule migration resistance, mildew and silkworm food resistance, oil seepage resistance, low surface energy, capability of being directly used for subsequent processes, no need of surface retreatment, no need of surface reactivation and the like. Therefore, the nano silicon oxide coated plastic pipe has wide application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a high-barrier plastic pipe, especially a high-barrier plastic pipe coated with a nano silicon oxide layer on the surface. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the high-barrier plastic pipe comprises a substrate plastic pipe and is characterized in that a nano silicon oxide coating is coated on the surface of the substrate plastic pipe to serve as a barrier layer, and the substrate plastic pipe is made of Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PE), polyamide (nylon, PA) or Polyester (PET) and the like; the thickness of the nano silicon oxide coating is 1-1000 nm, and the nano silicon oxide coating is bonded on the surface of the matrix plastic pipe by a C-O-Si chemical bond.
In some embodiments, the base plastic tube is made of PET and has a thickness of 100-5000 μm.
In some embodiments, the nano-silica coating has a thickness of 50 to 500 nm.
In some embodiments, the base plastic tube is a two-end two-pass plastic tube, a one-end one-pass plastic tube, a flared opening plastic tube, a composite plastic tube, a thick-walled plastic tube, a thick plastic tube, a thin plastic tube, a micro-porous plastic tube, a long plastic tube, a short plastic-covered tube, a rigid tube, a flexible tube, or the like.
The high-barrier plastic pipe coated with the nano silicon oxide layer on the surface has the advantages of moisture resistance, barrier, no deliquescence, no water absorption, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, small molecule migration resistance, low surface energy, capability of directly carrying out subsequent processes, no need of surface retreatment, no need of surface silane activation and no influence on the color of the plastic pipe. Specifically, the oxygen permeability is less than 10 -3 ml/pack/24h, typically 2-5X 10 -3 ml/pack/24h (PET tube); water vapor permeability of less than 10 -4 g/pack/24h, generally 3-6X 10 -4 g/pack/24h (PET tube). The water loss is that in the plastic pipe medicine package contacting with 1g water fluid package, the water is reduced by less than 10% in one month under the condition of 50 degrees C, RH%; surface water-free is that the surface energy is below 35dyn, and no obvious water drop exists in a vertically placed pipe.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a high-barrier plastic pipe, comprising the steps of:
A. placing the substrate plastic tube in a plasma environment, and introducing discharge gas Ar or N 2 Or a mixture of the two;
B. inputting silicon oxide or silicon monomer, carrying out physical or chemical vapor deposition reaction between discharge gas and oxidizing gas in plasma environment, and depositing a nano silicon oxide layer with the thickness of 50-1000 nm on the surface of the base plastic pipe, wherein the silicon oxide is SiO x Wherein x = 1.8 to 2.4, and the nano-silica layer contains C andH;
in some embodiments, the plasma environment includes, but is not limited to, electron beam, ion beam, capacitive coupling, inductive coupling, microwave, surface wave, helicon, electron cyclotron resonance, dielectric barrier discharge, jet plasma, and the like.
In some embodiments, the silica is SiO or SiO 2
In some embodiments, the silicon monomer is silane, trimethylsilane, tetramethyldisiloxane, hexamethyldisiloxane, octamethyltetrasiloxane, and the like.
In some embodiments, the oxidizing gas is O 2 、 N 2 O、CO 2 One or more of them.
The invention discloses a high-barrier plastic pipe with a nano silicon oxide layer coated on the surface, wherein the coating or layer is realized by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD), silicon oxide or silicon monomer is introduced into plasmas such as electron beams, ion beams, capacitive coupling, inductive coupling, microwaves, surface waves, spiral waves, electron cyclotron resonance, dielectric barrier discharge, jet plasmas and the like, and is dissociated and ionized in a plasma environment to form a silicon oxide precursor, the silicon oxide precursor reacts with ionic oxygen and atomic oxygen to generate a nano cluster, the nano cluster reacts with functional groups on the surface of the plastic pipe to form C-O-Si Chemical bond combination, and a compact silicon oxide coating is grown on the surface. The silicon oxide is SiO or SiO 2 The silicon monomer is silane, trimethylsilane, tetramethyldisiloxane, hexamethyldisiloxane and octamethyltetrasiloxane, or all of which are gases or liquids, and argon is taken as discharge gas to be mixed and then enter a vacuum chamber. Forming silicon oxygen active species under the action of high-energy electrons, ions, photons, excited atoms and molecules in the plasma region, reacting with atomic oxygen in the plasma to generate silicon oxide, and depositing the silicon oxide on the substrate. The working gas is one of argon and nitrogen or a mixed gas of the argon and the nitrogen.
The nano silicon oxide film coating is directly prepared on the surface of the plastic tube by adopting an advanced plasma technology, and a-C-O-Si chemical bond is formed by the reaction of the precursor and hydroxyl functional groups on the surface of the plastic tube, so that the binding force between the coating and the plastic tube is increased. The compact inorganic material structure can prevent the gas, moisture, grease and various small molecules from passing through and migrating. The deposited silicon oxide has low surface energy, and the subsequent process can be directly carried out on the surface of the coating.
The deposited silicon oxide coating has the performance of blocking gas, water molecules and oil, so that the plastic pipe has the advantages of acid and alkali resistance, corrosion resistance, scratch resistance, moisture prevention, water absorption prevention, deliquescence prevention, water absorption prevention, small molecule migration resistance, low surface energy, capability of directly carrying out subsequent processes and the like. The method is characterized in that a nano silicon oxide layer is coated on the surface of a common plastic pipe, and a precursor in silicon oxide deposition reacts with hydroxyl in the plastic pipe to form C-O-Si chemical bond combination, so that the plastic pipe has good coating adhesion, can be stored at low temperature, resists falling and is free of damage.
Infrared (FTIR), elemental Analyzer (EA), high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that there was a chemical bond between the silicon oxide barrier coating and the plastic tube substrate, resulting in a tightly adherent barrier coating with a high degree of adhesion to the substrate in practical applications.
The invention also aims to provide application of the high-barrier plastic tube, which is used in various plastic tube use environments such as a vacuum blood collection tube, a DNA sampling tube, a nucleic acid sampling tube, a liquid medicine or food or beverage container, a chemical reagent container, a urine sampling tube and the like.
The invention discloses a high-barrier plastic pipe with a silicon oxide coating on the surface, wherein the surface is provided with a SiOx barrier coating with a nano thickness, x ranges from 1.8 to 2.4, and the thickness of the nano film ranges from 1 to 1000nm. The prepared nano silicon oxide barrier layer has the advantages of compact film, high barrier property, strong adhesive force, no shedding, no deliquescence, no water loss, oil leakage resistance, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, harmful small molecule migration resistance, mildew and silkworm food resistance and the like, has low surface energy, can be directly used for subsequent processes, and does not need surface retreatment or surface reactivation. Can be widely used in various plastic tube using environments such as vacuum blood sampling, DNA, nucleic acid, liquid medicine and food, coffee, chemical reagents, urine and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-barrier plastic pipe coated with a nano-silicon oxide layer on the surface, wherein 1 is a base plastic pipe, and 2 is a nano-silicon oxide coating;
FIG. 2 is high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of example 3.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is clearly and completely described below by combining the attached drawings of the specification. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The high-barrier plastic pipe with the surface coated with the nano silicon oxide layer comprises a base plastic pipe 1 and a coating layer 2 coated with the nano silicon oxide, wherein the thickness of the nano silicon oxide coating layer 2 is 100nm, and the nano silicon oxide coating layer is used as a barrier layer and is bonded to the surface of the base plastic pipe 1 through a C-O-Si chemical bond. The substrate plastic pipe is a PE plastic pipe, and the thickness of the substrate plastic pipe is 100 mu m. The base plastic pipe is a two-end two-way plastic pipe.
Example 2
The high-barrier plastic pipe with the surface coated with the nano silicon oxide layer comprises a base plastic pipe 1 and a nano silicon oxide coating 2 on the surface, wherein the thickness of the nano silicon oxide coating 2 is 500 nm, and the nano silicon oxide coating is used as a barrier layer and is bonded to the surface of the base plastic pipe 1 through a C-O-Si chemical bond. The substrate plastic pipe is a flexible plastic pipe, and the thickness of the substrate plastic pipe is 2000 mu m. The matrix plastic pipe is a horn-shaped opening plastic pipe and the like.
Example 3
The high-barrier plastic pipe with the surface coated with the nano silicon oxide layer comprises a base plastic pipe 1 and a nano silicon oxide coating 2 on the surface, wherein the thickness of the nano silicon oxide coating 2 is 1000nm, and the nano silicon oxide coating is used as a barrier layer and is bonded to the surface of the base plastic pipe 1 through a C-O-Si chemical bond. The substrate plastic pipe is a PET plastic pipe, and the thickness of the substrate plastic pipe is 5000 mu m. The base plastic pipe is a single-end single-pass plastic pipe. Its high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is shown in FIG. 2.
As can be seen from fig. 2, there is a chemical bond between the silicon oxide barrier coating or plastic tube substrate, the result being a tightly adhered composite barrier coating or layer with a high degree of adhesion to the substrate when in actual use.
Example 4
A method for manufacturing a high-barrier plastic pipe with a nano silicon oxide layer coated on the surface comprises the following steps:
A. placing the substrate plastic tube in a plasma environment, and introducing discharge gas Ar or N 2 Or the two are mixed in any ratio;
B. inputting silicon oxide or silicon monomer, making discharge gas and oxidizing gas implement physical or chemical gas-phase deposition reaction in plasma environment, depositing nano silicon oxide layer whose thickness is 1-1000 nm on the surface of base plastic pipe, using SiO x The expression is that x = 1.8-2.4, and the nano silicon oxide layer contains C and H.
The plasma environment may be electron beam, ion beam, capacitive coupling, inductive coupling, microwave, surface wave, helicon, electron cyclotron resonance, dielectric barrier discharge, jet plasma, or the like.
The silicon monomer may be silane, trimethylsilane, tetramethyldisiloxane, hexamethyldisiloxane, octamethyltetrasiloxane, and the like.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. The high-barrier plastic pipe comprises a substrate plastic pipe and is characterized in that a nano silicon oxide coating is coated on the surface of the substrate plastic pipe to serve as a barrier layer, and the substrate plastic pipe is made of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide or polyester; the thickness of the nano silicon oxide coating is 1-1000 nm, and the nano silicon oxide coating is bonded on the surface of the matrix plastic pipe by a C-O-Si chemical bond.
2. A high barrier plastic tube according to claim 1, wherein the base plastic tube is made of PET and has a thickness of 100 to 5000 μm.
3. A high barrier plastic pipe according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the nano silica coating is 50 to 500 nm.
4. A high barrier plastic tube according to claim 1, wherein the base plastic tube is a two-end two-pass plastic tube, a one-end one-pass plastic tube, a flared opening plastic tube, a composite plastic tube, a thick-walled plastic tube, a thick plastic tube, a thin plastic tube, a micro-porous plastic tube, a long plastic tube, a short-coated plastic tube, a rigid tube or a flexible tube.
5. A method of making a high barrier plastic tube according to any one of claims 1 to 4 comprising the steps of:
A. placing the substrate plastic tube in a plasma environment, and introducing discharge gas Ar or N 2 Or a mixture of the two;
B. inputting silicon oxide or silicon monomer, carrying out physical or chemical vapor deposition reaction between discharge gas and oxidizing gas in plasma environment, and depositing a nano silicon oxide layer with the thickness of 50-1000 nm on the surface of the base plastic pipe, wherein the silicon oxide is SiO x Wherein x = 1.8 to 2.4, and the nano silicon oxide layer contains C and H.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the plasma environment is an electron beam, an ion beam, capacitive coupling, inductive coupling, microwave, surface wave, helicon, electron cyclotron resonance, dielectric barrier discharge, or jet plasma.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the silicon oxide is SiO or SiO 2
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the silicon monomer is silane, trimethylsilane, tetramethyldisiloxane, hexamethyldisiloxane, or octamethyltetrasiloxane.
9. The production method according to claim 5, wherein the oxidizing gas is O 2 、 N 2 O、CO 2 One or more of them.
10. Use of a high barrier plastic tube according to any one of claims 1-4 for evacuated blood collection tubes, DNA sampling tubes, nucleic acid sampling tubes, liquid medicine or food or beverage containers, chemical reagent containers or urine sampling tubes.
CN202110783364.1A 2021-07-12 2021-07-12 High-barrier plastic pipe and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN115612152A (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5670224A (en) * 1992-11-13 1997-09-23 Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. Modified silicon oxide barrier coatings produced by microwave CVD deposition on polymeric substrates
US6146724A (en) * 1994-06-06 2000-11-14 The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation One atmosphere uniform glow discharge plasma coating with gas barrier properties
CN110029318A (en) * 2019-04-27 2019-07-19 孙建军 A kind of film plating process of isolation-type vacuum coating pipe fitting

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5670224A (en) * 1992-11-13 1997-09-23 Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. Modified silicon oxide barrier coatings produced by microwave CVD deposition on polymeric substrates
US6146724A (en) * 1994-06-06 2000-11-14 The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation One atmosphere uniform glow discharge plasma coating with gas barrier properties
CN110029318A (en) * 2019-04-27 2019-07-19 孙建军 A kind of film plating process of isolation-type vacuum coating pipe fitting

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
WANG HUAN ET AL.: "Investigation of Microwave Surface-Wave Plasma Deposited SiOx Coatings on Polymeric Substrates", 《PLASMA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY》, vol. 16, no. 1, pages 37 - 40 *

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