CN115608977A - Iron-based amorphous powder for wear-resistant coating, preparation method of iron-based amorphous powder and wear-resistant amorphous coating - Google Patents

Iron-based amorphous powder for wear-resistant coating, preparation method of iron-based amorphous powder and wear-resistant amorphous coating Download PDF

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CN115608977A
CN115608977A CN202211616891.4A CN202211616891A CN115608977A CN 115608977 A CN115608977 A CN 115608977A CN 202211616891 A CN202211616891 A CN 202211616891A CN 115608977 A CN115608977 A CN 115608977A
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amorphous
wear
coating
iron
powder
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皮自强
杜开平
章德铭
张鑫
陈星�
郑兆然
马尧
胡宇
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Bgrimm Advanced Materials Science & Technology Co ltd
BGRIMM Technology Group Co Ltd
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Bgrimm Advanced Materials Science & Technology Co ltd
BGRIMM Technology Group Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C45/00—Amorphous alloys
    • C22C45/02—Amorphous alloys with iron as the major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/129—Flame spraying

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wear-resistant amorphous coatings, and particularly relates to iron-based amorphous powder for a wear-resistant coating, a preparation method of the iron-based amorphous powder and the wear-resistant amorphous coating, wherein the iron-based amorphous powder for the wear-resistant coating comprises the following chemical components in atomic percentage: 68.8-76.8%, si:7-11%, B:12-15%, P:3.1-3.7%, Y:1.1-1.5%, and the atomic percent T of each element satisfies (T) Si +T P ）：T B 1, = 1. The iron-based amorphous powder has simple elements, is easy to realize accurate control of element content, and can be prepared by adopting industrial purity raw materialsLow cost and easy industrial production. The wear-resistant amorphous coating has the characteristics of low porosity, high amorphous content, high hardness and high wear resistance.

Description

Iron-based amorphous powder for wear-resistant coating, preparation method of iron-based amorphous powder and wear-resistant amorphous coating
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wear-resistant amorphous coatings, and particularly relates to iron-based amorphous powder for a wear-resistant coating, a preparation method of the iron-based amorphous powder and the wear-resistant amorphous coating.
Background
The Fe-based amorphous alloy has excellent properties of high strength and hardness, good wear resistance and corrosion resistance and the like. However, due to the problems of low amorphous forming ability, room temperature brittleness and the like, the popularization and application of the Fe-based amorphous alloy are severely restricted. The Fe-based amorphous alloy material is combined with a coating preparation technology, the room temperature brittleness and size limitation of the block amorphous material are solved, high hardness and high wear resistance are kept, the Fe-based amorphous alloy material has wide application requirements in the fields of marine ships, electronic power, petrochemical industry and the like, and the Fe-based amorphous alloy material has a large market scale. Over the course of years, several mature grades of the SAM series were formed, most typically SAM2X5 (Fe49.7Cr18Mn1.9Mo7.4W1.6B15.2C3.8Si2.4) and SAM1651 (Fe 48Mo14Cr15Y2C15B 6) developed by Nanosteel corporation.
The supersonic flame spraying has moderate heat input, high spraying speed, difficult crystallization of the coating, high bonding strength and low porosity, and is considered as an ideal technology for preparing the Fe-based amorphous coating. However, the supersonic flame spraying has high requirements on the quality of amorphous alloy powder. The alloy powder prepared by the gas atomization method has high sphericity, low oxygen content, good feeding density and fluidity, and is very suitable for supersonic flame spraying, and the gas atomization method usually uses inert gas as a medium, so that the environmental pollution is small.
However, the method of gas atomization and supersonic flame spraying is adopted to prepare the Fe-based amorphous coating, which still has certain difficulty, and mainly reflects that the existing mature Fe-based amorphous coatings such as SAM2X5 and SAM1651 have many alloy elements and difficult component precise control, so that the amorphous content of the coating is difficult to reach the expected level (more than or equal to 75 percent, preferably more than 80 percent); in addition, the cost of the raw material Mo is high, the melting point of W is high, the melting is difficult, the heat input in the spraying process is increased, and the amorphous formation is not facilitated.
Therefore, the preparation method of the Fe-based amorphous coating, which has the advantages of strong amorphous forming capability, relatively simple components, relatively low cost and convenience for industrial production, is needed in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the amorphous content of an amorphous coating needs to be further improved and the wear resistance is insufficient in the prior art, and provides the iron-based amorphous powder for the wear-resistant coating, the preparation method thereof and the wear-resistant amorphous coating. The wear-resistant amorphous coating has the characteristics of low porosity, high amorphous content, high hardness and high wear resistance.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an iron-based amorphous powder for wear resistant coatings comprising the following chemical composition, in atomic percent, fe:68.8-76.8%, si:7-11%, B:12-15%, P:3.1-3.7%, Y:1.1-1.5%, and the atomic percent T of each element satisfies (T) Si +T P ）：T B =1:1。
In some preferred embodiments, T Si +T P Is 12.1-13%.
In some preferred embodiments, the wear resistant coating satisfies with the iron-based amorphous powder: the particle diameter is 15-45 μm, and the average particle size D 50 20-25 μm, and loose packed density not less than 3.5g/cm 3 The tap density is more than or equal to 4.1g/cm 3 And/or the amorphous content is more than or equal to 30 percent.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the iron-based amorphous powder for a wear-resistant coating according to the first aspect, comprising: the required raw materials are subjected to vacuum melting and then vacuum gas atomization.
Preferably, the vacuum melting conditions include: the smelting power is 15-35KW, and the degree of superheat is 150-350 ℃.
Preferably, the vacuum aerosolization conditions include: the pressure of the atomizing gas is 2-6MPa.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a wear resistant amorphous coating comprising the chemical composition of the iron-based amorphous powder for a wear resistant coating according to the first aspect.
In some preferred embodiments, it is obtained by spraying the wear resistant coating according to the first aspect with an iron-based amorphous powder onto the surface of a substrate by a supersonic flame spraying process.
In some preferred embodiments, the conditions of the supersonic flame spray process include: the flow rate of oxygen is 1500-2500SCFH, the flow rate of kerosene is 5-6GPH, the rotating speed of the powder feeder is 3.5-4.5r/min, and the spraying distance is 300-400mm.
In some preferred embodiments, the wear resistant amorphous coating satisfies: porosity is less than or equal to 1%, amorphous content is more than or equal to 75%, preferably more than or equal to 80%, and hardness is more than or equal to 825HV 0.2 Preferably not less than 850HV 0.2 The wear resistance is 2.5 times or more, preferably 3 times or more that of a 304 stainless steel substrate.
Compared with the existing FeSiB amorphous alloy, the iron-based amorphous powder for the wear-resistant coating is added with a small atomic radius element P and a rare earth element Y in a specific proportion on the basis of a FeSiB system, and the atomic percentages of the three elements Si, B and P are matched to meet a specific proportion formula, so that the amorphous forming capacity of the iron-based amorphous powder is improved. Compared to other amorphous systems such as the SAM series of amorphous alloys in the United states, e.g., SAM1651 (Fe) 48 Cr 15 Mo 14 C 15 B 6 Y 2 ) And SAM2X5 (Fe) 49.7 Cr 18 Mn 1.9 Mo 7.4 W 1.6 B 15.2 C 3.8 Si 2 .4 ) The invention has simple elements, is easy to realize the accurate control of the element content, can be prepared by adopting industrial purity raw materials, has low cost and is easy for industrial production; the prepared coating has good wear resistance, and the high B content enables the coating to have good neutron absorption capacity, so that the coating is a potential wear-resistant material and is expected to be applied to the fields of thin-wall wear-resistant part protection and nuclear waste treatment.
With the addition of the P element, the cluster type in the FeSiB alloy melt is increased from two FeSi and FeB into three types of FeSi, feB and FeP, the cluster type is effectively increased, the dominant configuration of one cluster structure in the alloy melt is further destroyed, the coexistence of multiple cluster structures is formed, and the thermal stability and the amorphous forming capability of the alloy system are finally enhanced; and the atomic percent T of each element is required to satisfy (T) Si +T P ）：T B 1, the formed FeSi, feB and FeP form a multi-cluster coexisting structure which is relatively balanced, so that the thermal stability of an alloy system is enhanced, and the amorphous forming capability is enhanced; because P can play a similar role with Si, the FeSi + FeP cluster and the FeB cluster are balanced in number, and three clusters can reach a state of uniform interval distribution due to the evasion effect among P atoms, si atoms and B atoms, so that the thermal stability is highest, and the amorphous forming capability is enhanced. And under the same conditions, if (T) Si +T P ）：T B When the ratio is more than 1.
Moreover, the invention also requires that the atomic percentage of P is 3.1-3.7%, and from the perspective of precipitated phase, the addition of P inhibits the precipitation of MB-type boride, thereby improving the amorphous forming capability of the alloy. However, when the P content is too high (> 3.7%), since the specific surface area of the powder is large, it is liable to break by atomizationCause oxidation, and in addition, too high a P content easily causes Fe 2 P eutectic phase is separated out to cause local crystallization, so that the amorphous structure of the coating is destroyed, and simultaneously Fe 2 P is also an impurity detrimental phase, which leads to a reduced wear resistance of the coating.
Wherein, the invention adds proper amount of Y element to make it react in situ in the coating to generate dispersed Y 2 O 3 Particles of Y 2 O 3 The particles are dispersed and distributed among the crystal grains of the crystallization area and at the boundary of the amorphous area and the crystallization area, and the wear resistance of the coating is improved through the dispersion strengthening of the hard particles. Under the same conditions, if Y is less than 1.1%, Y in the coating layer is lost due to melting and spraying 2 O 3 Too little to achieve the dispersion strengthening effect; if Y is added in an amount of more than 1.5%, Y is formed 2 O 3 Is easy to gather and grow up, but plays a harmful effect similar to inclusion, and influences the wear resistance of the coating. In addition, since Y is expensive, the cost of the amorphous alloy is increased by adding too much Y, so that the amount of Y added is not more than 1.5%.
The wear-resistant amorphous coating has the characteristics of low porosity, high amorphous content, high hardness and high wear resistance.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the morphology of amorphous powder in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a comparison XRD plot of amorphous powder and amorphous coating of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the microhardness of the amorphous coatings of examples 1-3 of the present invention with that of the substrate;
FIG. 4a is a bulk SEM image of an amorphous coating of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4b is a magnified SEM image of a portion of an amorphous coating of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5a is an SEM topography after a matrix fretting test;
FIG. 5b is a SEM topography after frictional wear testing of the amorphous coating of example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For numerical ranges, each range between its endpoints and individual point values, and each individual point value can be combined with each other to give one or more new numerical ranges, and such numerical ranges should be construed as specifically disclosed herein.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides an iron-based amorphous powder for wear resistant coatings comprising the following chemical composition in atomic percent, fe:68.8-76.8%, si:7-11%, B:12-15%, P:3.1-3.7%, Y:1.1-1.5%, and the atomic percent T of each element satisfies (T) Si +T P ）：T B =1:1。
Wherein, P has strong interaction with transition metal elements, and has larger size difference with matrix element Fe, thus effectively improving the amorphous forming ability. The atomic radius of P is 0.110 nm, which is very close to the atomic radius of Si of 0.117 nm, and the two atoms are adjacent on the periodic table and belong to similar atoms in the system, so that the P can play a similar role as Si after being added. The present invention requires (T) Si +T P ）：T B 1, the formed FeSi, feB and FeP form a multi-cluster coexisting structure which is relatively balanced, so that the thermal stability of the alloy system is enhanced, and the amorphous forming ability is enhanced.
In some preferred embodiments, T Si +T P Is 12.1 to 13 percent. Under the preferred scheme, the amorphous forming capability is improved.
In some preferred embodiments, si:8-10%, B:12.1-12.5%, P:3.3 to 3.7 percent.
In some preferred embodiments, the iron-based amorphous powder for wear-resistant coatings satisfies: the particle diameter is 15-45 μm, and the average particle size D 50 20-25 μm, and loose packed density not less than 3.5g/cm 3 The tap density is more than or equal to 4.1g/cm 3 Preferably not less than 4.2g/cm 3 . By adopting the preferable scheme of the invention, the powder feeding is smoother in the supersonic flame spraying process of the wear-resistant coating, and the gun blockage in the supersonic flame spraying process is avoided, so that the loss and even danger are avoided, the accurate control of the content of each element is facilitated, and the amorphous content of the wear-resistant coating is improved.
In some preferred embodiments, the wear resistant coating satisfies with the iron-based amorphous powder: the amorphous content is more than or equal to 20 percent, preferably more than or equal to 30 percent. By adopting the preferred scheme of the invention, the amorphous in the iron-based amorphous powder is inherited into the amorphous coating, so that the amorphous content of the coating is improved. Under the same condition, when the amorphous content of the iron-based amorphous powder is less than 30%, most of the powder is crystallized in the supersonic flame spraying process and is difficult to inherit into the coating, all the amorphous in the coating is formed in the spraying process, and the amorphous content is difficult to reach a high degree.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the iron-based amorphous powder for wear-resistant coating of the first aspect, comprising: the required raw materials are subjected to vacuum melting and then vacuum gas atomization.
Preferably, the vacuum melting conditions include: the smelting power is 15-35KW, and the degree of superheat is 150-350 ℃.
Preferably, the vacuum aerosolization conditions include: the pressure of the atomizing gas is 2-6MPa.
It should be understood that, in the present invention, the process of vacuum atomization may include: pouring molten metal obtained after vacuum melting into an atomizing tower, adopting high-pressure and high-speed inert gas flow to impact liquid flow of the molten metal to break the molten metal into fine molten drops, and quickly cooling the molten drops to obtain spherical iron-based amorphous powder.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a wear resistant amorphous coating comprising the chemical composition of the iron-based amorphous powder for a wear resistant coating according to the first aspect.
In some preferred embodiments, the wear-resistant coating is obtained by spraying the iron-based amorphous powder on the surface of the substrate by a supersonic flame spraying process.
The amorphous coating is prepared by taking the iron-based amorphous powder as a raw material through a supersonic flame spraying process, so that the amorphous phase in the iron-based amorphous powder can be inherited into the coating, the amorphous content in the coating is greatly improved, and the high-wear-resistance amorphous coating can be obtained.
In the present invention, it can be understood that the wear-resistant amorphous coating has the same chemical composition as the iron-based amorphous powder, and almost no loss occurs during the preparation process.
The material of the substrate is not limited in the present invention, and those skilled in the art can select the material of the substrate and optionally pre-treatment according to actual selection. Illustratively, the preprocessing may include: the substrate surface is cleaned with an organic solvent (e.g., acetone) and grit blasted. Illustratively, the substrate may be a low carbon steel substrate, a medium carbon steel substrate, a high carbon steel substrate, a stainless steel substrate, or the like.
In some preferred embodiments, the conditions of the supersonic flame spray process include: the flow rate of oxygen is 1500-2500SCFH, the flow rate of kerosene is 3.5-6GPH, preferably 5-6GPH, the rotation speed of the powder feeder is 2-4.5r/min, preferably 3.5-4.5r/min, and the spraying distance is 300-400mm. Under the condition of the same atomic chemical composition, the optimized supersonic flame spraying process (especially the optimized kerosene flow and the optimized powder feeder rotating speed) is favorable for increasing the amorphous content of the amorphous coating and improving the wear resistance of the amorphous coating.
Preferably, the wear resistant amorphous coating satisfies: porosity is less than or equal to 1.3%, amorphous content is more than or equal to 50%, and hardness is more than or equal to 700HV 0.2 The wear resistance is more than 2 times of that of a 304 stainless steel matrix.
The iron-based amorphous powder has the amorphous content of more than or equal to 30 percent, and can be used for preparing a high-wear-resistance amorphous coating on a substrate by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process, wherein the powder can be divided into amorphous powder, semi-crystalline powder and crystalline powder from high to low according to the proportion of amorphous phase, the amorphous powder is powder which is totally amorphous phase, generally powder with smaller size, and the cooling speed is fast enough to completely form the amorphous phase; semi-crystalline powder refers to powder in which a partially crystalline phase is formed and a partially amorphous phase remains; the crystalline powder means a powder after complete crystallization. After the three powders are heated by the supersonic flame spraying flame, one part of the three powders is completely melted to form completely melted powder, and the other part of the three powders is melted to form partially melted powder. When the powder reaches the substrate, rapid cooling is generated, and due to the strong convection action of gas, the energy release in the impact process and the heat conduction action of the substrate, the cooling speed is obviously higher than that in the gas atomization process, and the amorphous phase is more favorably formed, so that the amorphous phase formed by depositing the molten powder and the semi-molten powder on the matrix is higher than that formed by the powder in the gas atomization process; in addition, the amorphous phase which is not melted and damaged in the powder is retained after reaching the matrix, and under the comprehensive action, the amorphous content in the wear-resistant amorphous coating is obviously higher than that in the iron-based amorphous powder, preferably the amorphous content is more than or equal to 75 percent, and more preferably more than or equal to 80 percent.
More preferably, the wear resistant amorphous coating satisfies: porosity is less than or equal to 1 percent, and hardness is more than or equal to 825HV 0.2 Preferably not less than 850HV 0.2 The wear resistance is 2.5 times or more, preferably 3 times or more, that of the 304 stainless steel substrate.
In the invention, the hardness test method comprises the following steps: the micro-hardness distribution of the alloy is tested by an HVS-1000 type Vickers hardness tester, the normal load is 200g, and the loading time is 15s. The microhardness value of the amorphous wear-resistant coating is measured by taking the average value of 3 points.
The test method of the wear resistance comprises the following steps: a UMT frictional wear tester of Germany BRUKER company is adopted to perform a frictional test on the amorphous wear-resistant coating or the matrix, the motion mode is reciprocating frictional wear, the contact mode is a plane, the grinding ball is a SiN ball with the diameter of phi 7.938mm, the load is 120N, the time is 30min, and the reciprocating speed of the steel ball is 10 mm/s.
The present invention is further illustrated in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of iron-based amorphous powder and a high-wear-resistance amorphous coating comprises the following steps:
matrix pretreatment: cleaning the surface of a 304 stainless steel substrate by using acetone and carrying out sand blasting treatment to obtain a flat and clean surface;
gas atomization preparation of amorphous powder: preparing the following raw materials in atomic percentage: fe:73.9%, si:9%, B:12.4%, P:3.4%, Y:1.3 percent; smelting the raw materials under a vacuum condition, wherein the smelting power is 25KW, the superheat degree is 250 ℃, pouring the smelted molten metal into an atomizing tower, impacting liquid metal flow by adopting high-pressure and high-speed inert gas flow to break the liquid metal flow into fine molten drops, and rapidly cooling the molten drops to obtain spherical FeSiBPY amorphous powder, wherein the pressure of atomizing gas is 4 MPa; apparent density of 3.72g/cm 3 Tap density 4.25g/cm 3 And amorphous content is 46.80%. The morphology is shown in FIG. 1.
Supersonic flame spraying preparation of the amorphous coating: sieving to obtain particles with diameter of 15-45 μm and average particle size D 50 The FeSiBPY amorphous powder with the particle size of 22 mu m is prepared into an amorphous coating on the surface of a pretreated 304 stainless steel matrix by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process. The supersonic flame spraying process conditions are as follows: the oxygen flow is 2000SCFH, the kerosene flow is 5.5GPH, the rotating speed of the powder feeder is 4r/min, and the spraying distance is 360mm. The amorphous coating has a porosity of 0.86% and an amorphous content of 86.33%.
The bulk SEM image and the partial SEM image of the amorphous coating are shown in fig. 4a and 4 b. As can be seen, the structure is compact and uniform, no grain boundary and precipitated phase exist in the coating, and the typical characteristics of an amorphous phase are met.
The XRD contrast patterns of the obtained amorphous powder and amorphous coating are shown in FIG. 2, and it can be seen that the phase in the amorphous coating contains alpha-Fe and Fe 2 B、Fe 2 P、Fe 2 C、Fe 3 P 0.37 B 0.63 、Fe 23 B 6 When the 2 theta is 40-50 degrees, the diffraction peak is obviously broadened, which indicates that an amorphous phase is generated in the coating; the amorphous content of the coating is significantly higher than that of the powder because HVOF has a higher cooling rate and is more prone to form compositional undercooling, favoring amorphous formation.
And subjecting the resulting amorphous coating toThe hardness and the wear resistance are detected, the measured Vickers hardness is shown in figure 3, the hardness of the amorphous coating is 871HV 0.2 . And the abrasion resistance of the matrix is tested, and the abrasion resistance of the amorphous coating of the embodiment is 3.27 times that of the matrix.
The SEM morphologies of the substrate and the amorphous coating after the frictional wear are shown in fig. 5a and 5b, respectively, and it can be seen from the figures that the substrate acts as a soft body when the substrate is ground with a grinding ball, the microprotrusions on the contact surface are continuously adhered to each other under repeated sliding friction, the continuous plastic shearing on the surface layer of the substrate will generate cracks and propagate along the sliding direction, after a certain cycle, fragments are separated along the propagation track of the cracks, and the fragments are adhered to the ground piece or the formed fragments to form a fragment cluster which looks like large particles. The amorphous coating has higher hardness and acts as a hard body when being opposite-ground with a grinding ball. And the defects such as crystal boundary dislocation and the like in the coating are few, so that the stress concentration is reduced, and the wear scar of the coating is shallow. The main wear mechanism of the coating is that the fine particles contained in the coating, such as unfused powder, oxide and brittle hard, act as abrasive particles on the rubbing surface, scratch the surface of the coating and form slight furrows.
The hardness detection method comprises the following steps: the micro-hardness distribution of the alloy is tested by using an HVS-1000 type Vickers hardness tester, the normal load is 200g, and the loading time is 15s. And measuring 3 points to obtain an average value as the microhardness value of the amorphous wear-resistant coating.
The wear resistance detection method comprises the following steps: a UMT frictional wear tester of Germany BRUKER company is adopted to perform a frictional test on the amorphous wear-resistant coating, the motion mode is reciprocating frictional wear, the contact mode is a plane, the grinding ball is a SiN ball with the diameter of phi 7.938mm, the load is 120N, the time is 30min, and the reciprocating speed of the steel ball is 10 mm/s.
Example 2
The process is carried out as described in example 1, except that the starting materials are prepared in atomic percent: fe:73.3%, si:9%, B:12.7%, P:3.7%, Y:1.3 percent.
The obtained amorphous powder had a bulk density of 3.71g/cm 3 The tap density is 4.23g/cm 3 The amorphous content was 42.68%. Obtained ofIn the crystalline coating, the porosity was 0.88% and the amorphous content was 75.37%. The wear resistance of the amorphous coating was 2.77 times that of the 304 stainless steel substrate. The hardness test results are shown in FIG. 3, and it can be seen that the hardness is 827HV 0.2 。
Example 3
The process is carried out as described in example 1, except that the starting materials are prepared in atomic percent: fe:74.5%, si:9%, B:12.1%, P:3.1%, Y:1.3 percent.
The obtained amorphous powder had a bulk density of 3.67g/cm 3 Tap density of 4.21g/cm 3 The amorphous content was 41.55%. In the obtained amorphous coating, the porosity was 0.86%, the amorphous content was 77.69%, and the wear resistance was 2.92 times that of the 304 stainless steel substrate. The hardness test results are shown in FIG. 3, and it can be seen that the hardness is 834HV 0.2 。
Example 4
The process is carried out as described in example 1, except that the starting materials are prepared in atomic percent: fe:74.5%, si:10.3%, B:14%, P:3.7%, Y:1.3 percent.
The obtained amorphous powder has a bulk density of 3.62g/cm 3 Tap density of 4.15g/cm 3 The amorphous content was 20.18%. The obtained amorphous coating had a porosity of 1.24%, an amorphous content of 52.79%, and a wear resistance 2.10 times that of a 304 stainless steel substrate. The hardness thereof is 704HV 0.2 。
Comparative example 1
With reference to the procedure of example 1, except that (T) Si +T P ）：T B 1, specifically, the raw materials are prepared according to the atomic percentage: fe:70%, si:10.3%, B:15%, P:3.7%, Y:1 percent.
The obtained amorphous powder had a bulk density of 3.59g/cm 3 The tap density is 4.12g/cm 3 The amorphous content was 18.77%. The obtained amorphous coating had a porosity of 1.29%, an amorphous content of 45.28%, and a wear resistance 1.93 times that of a 304 stainless steel substrate. The hardness thereof is 667HV 0.2 。
Comparative example 2
With reference to the procedure of example 1, except that (T) Si +T P ）：T B 1, specifically, the raw materials are prepared according to the atomic percentage: fe:70%, si:10.3%, B:14%, P:4.7%, Y:1 percent.
The obtained amorphous powder had a bulk density of 3.52g/cm 3 The tap density is 4.07g/cm 3 The amorphous content was 15.68%. In the obtained amorphous coating, the porosity was 1.33%, the amorphous content was 40.25%, and the wear resistance was 1.56 times that of the 304 stainless steel substrate. The hardness thereof is 625HV 0.2 。
Comparative example 3
The process is carried out with reference to example 1, except that the content of P element is different, in particular, P:6.4%, fe:70.9 percent and the content of other elements is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
The obtained amorphous powder has a bulk density of 3.41g/cm 3 Tap density of 3.93g/cm 3 The amorphous content was 18.47%. In the obtained amorphous coating, the porosity was 1.09%, the amorphous content was 37.56%, and the wear resistance was 1.45 times that of the 304 stainless steel substrate. The hardness thereof is 602HV 0.2 。
Comparative example 4
The process is carried out with reference to example 1, except that the content of P element is different, in particular, P:1.4%, fe:75.9 percent, and the content of other elements is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
The obtained amorphous powder has a bulk density of 3.48g/cm 3 The tap density is 3.96g/cm 3 The amorphous content was 19.88%. The obtained amorphous coating had a porosity of 1.21%, an amorphous content of 40.22%, and a wear resistance 1.62 times that of a 304 stainless steel substrate. The hardness thereof is 634HV 0.2 。
It can be seen from the above examples and comparative examples that, on the basis of the FeSiB system, the small atomic radius element P and the rare earth element Y are added in a specific proportion, and the atomic percentages of the three elements Si, B, and P are matched to satisfy a specific proportion formula, so that the amorphous forming ability of the alloy can be effectively improved, and by a suitable supersonic flame spraying process, an amorphous coating with a high amorphous content (up to more than 80%) can be prepared, and the wear resistance is high (up to more than 3 times of that of the matrix).
Further, it can be seen from the examples 1 and 4 of the present application that by adopting the scheme of the present invention with preferable chemical composition, an amorphous coating with higher amorphous content can be obtained, and the wear resistance is better. As can be seen from examples 1 and 2-3 of the present application, the preferred chemical composition "Si:8-10%, B:12.1-12.5%, P:3.3-3.7% "of the embodiment 1, the amorphous coating with higher amorphous content can be obtained, and the wear resistance is better.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including various technical features being combined in any other suitable way, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the invention, and all fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. An iron-based amorphous powder for wear-resistant coatings, characterized by comprising the following chemical composition in atomic percent, fe:68.8-76.8%, si:7-11%, B:12-15%, P:3.1-3.7%, Y:1.1-1.5%, and the atomic percent T of each element satisfies (T) Si +T P ）：T B =1:1。
2. Iron-based amorphous powder for wear resistant coatings according to claim 1, characterized in that T is Si +T P Is 12.1 to 13 percent.
3. The iron-based amorphous powder for wear-resistant coating according to claim 1, wherein the iron-based amorphous powder for wear-resistant coating satisfies: the particle diameter is 15-45 μm, and the average particle size D 50 20-25 μm, and loose packed density not less than 3.5g/cm 3 The tap density is more than or equal to 4.1g/cm 3 And/or the amorphous content is more than or equal to 30 percent.
4. A method for preparing an iron-based amorphous powder for a wear resistant coating as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, comprising: the required raw materials are subjected to vacuum melting and then vacuum gas atomization.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the vacuum melting conditions include: the smelting power is 15-35KW, and the degree of superheat is 150-350 ℃.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the vacuum atomization conditions include: the pressure of the atomizing gas is 2-6MPa.
7. A wear resistant amorphous coating, characterized in that it comprises the chemical composition of the iron-based amorphous powder for a wear resistant coating according to any of claims 1-3.
8. Wear resistant amorphous coating according to claim 7, obtained by spraying the wear resistant coating according to any of claims 1-3 with an iron based amorphous powder onto the substrate surface by a supersonic flame spraying process.
9. The abrasion resistant amorphous coating according to claim 8, wherein the conditions of the supersonic flame spray process comprise: the flow rate of oxygen is 1500-2500SCFH, the flow rate of kerosene is 5-6GPH, the rotating speed of the powder feeder is 3.5-4.5r/min, and the spraying distance is 300-400mm.
10. The wear resistant amorphous coating according to claim 7, wherein the wear resistant amorphous coating satisfies: porosity is less than or equal to 1%, amorphous content is more than or equal to 75%, and hardness is more than or equal to 825HV 0.2 The abrasion resistance is more than 2.5 times of that of a 304 stainless steel matrix.
CN202211616891.4A 2022-12-16 2022-12-16 Iron-based amorphous powder for wear-resistant coating, preparation method of iron-based amorphous powder and wear-resistant amorphous coating Pending CN115608977A (en)

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CN105088108A (en) * 2015-06-25 2015-11-25 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 Iron-base amorphous alloy, powder material of alloy and wear-resisting anticorrosion coating of alloy
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JP2005060805A (en) * 2003-08-20 2005-03-10 Hitachi Metals Ltd Amorphous alloy member, its production method, and component obtained by using the same
CN101595237A (en) * 2006-12-04 2009-12-02 东北泰克诺亚奇股份有限公司 Amorphous alloy composition
CN101840764A (en) * 2010-01-25 2010-09-22 安泰科技股份有限公司 Low-cost high-saturation magnetic induction intensity iron-based amorphous soft magnetism alloy
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