CN115608802A - Hot working method of boron-containing steel acid pickling plate - Google Patents
Hot working method of boron-containing steel acid pickling plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN115608802A CN115608802A CN202211211513.8A CN202211211513A CN115608802A CN 115608802 A CN115608802 A CN 115608802A CN 202211211513 A CN202211211513 A CN 202211211513A CN 115608802 A CN115608802 A CN 115608802A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/02—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
- B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
- C23C2/36—Elongated material
- C23C2/40—Plates; Strips
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hot processing method of a boron-containing steel pickling plate, which comprises the following steps: casting blank: controlling the components of the boron-containing steel according to the weight percentage: c: 0.071-0.128%, mn:1.70 to 2.49%, si:0.0003 to 0.25%, cr:0.0003 to 0.3%, nb:0.0003 to 0.024%, ti:0.015 to 0.35%, B:0.0003 to 0.0045%, als:0.01 to 0.09 percent of Fe and inevitable impurities as the rest, and casting the components after smelting into a plate blank; hot rolling: heating, descaling, rough rolling, finish rolling and laminar cooling the plate blank to obtain a hot rolled coil; acid washing: removing oxide skin on the surface of the hot-rolled coil by using an acid solution to obtain a pickled plate, wherein the pickling temperature is 70-90 ℃ and the pickling speed is 45-200 m/min in the pickling process; hot processing: and carrying out hot processing on the pickled plate to obtain a hot processed product. The method is based on the same steel component, and realizes the preparation of 780 MPa-grade complex phase steel hot-base galvanized plate and the hot-forming steel part with high fracture strain performance and the strength of 1000-1300MPa after the die quenching by adjusting each process parameter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel production, and particularly relates to a method for preparing complex phase steel hot-base galvanized plates and hot-forming steel parts by hot processing of a boron steel-containing pickled plate with specific components.
Background
With the rapid development of science and technology, the development of automotive steel towards high strength has become an inevitable trend in order to reduce the weight of the automobile body and improve the safety performance of the automobile body. The low carbon of automobile manufacture under the background of 'double carbon' has become an important issue for the development of the industry. At present, a plurality of steel parts related to a white automobile body are all made of steel plates with different components, different thicknesses and different performances. On one hand, along with the promotion of light weight of automobiles, the preparation of high-end automobile parts puts forward the requirement of high reaming ratio, so that complex phase steel (CP) taking bainite, ferrite, martensite and a small amount of austenite or Malto-island as tissues is developed and applied, and the strength grade commonly used by the current complex phase steel is 780MPa. On the other hand, the hot stamping forming technology is a novel forming technology for heating a steel plate blank or a preformed part blank to austenitizing temperature, quickly transferring the steel plate blank or the preformed part blank to a die through a manipulator after keeping the temperature for a certain time, then quickly stamping and forming the steel plate blank by a press, and quenching and maintaining the pressure in the die for a certain time to obtain an ultrahigh-strength stamping part. In a high temperature state, the steel plate is in an austenitizing state, the strength is about 200MPa, the plasticity is high, the steel plate is firstly formed under a small press pressure and then hardened into a martensite structure, the contradiction between the strength and the formability is perfectly solved, and the hot forming steel is gradually applied in recent years. A typical strength class of current high strain at break hot formed steel Parts (PHS) is 1000MPa. The production of various steel grades with different components increases the difficulty of optimizing process parameters in various working procedures such as metallurgy, inclusion control, mechanical property and the like; meanwhile, the existence of a plurality of component steel grades makes the links of forming, connecting and coating in automobile manufacturing extremely complicated, and a manufacturer almost needs to make corresponding production specifications for various steel grades with various thicknesses; scrap sorting/recycling/reuse of scrapped vehicle bodies becomes a challenge.
CN109930068A discloses an 800 MPa-grade ultrathin specification cold-rolled dual-phase steel and a preparation method thereof, wherein the cold-rolled dual-phase steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c:0.07 to 0.13%, mn:0.80 to 1.70%, si:0.10 to 0.40%, als:0.060 to 0.15%, P: less than or equal to 0.015%, S: less than or equal to 0.0020%, N: less than or equal to 0.004%, cr: 0.20-0.50%, ca: 0.0005-0.0025%, less than or equal to 0.002% of TiO, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The coiling temperature of the steel grade is too low, so that the coiling equipment has high requirements (the lower the temperature is, the higher the strength of the strip steel is), the cold rolling is adopted for twice, and the cover annealing is needed, so that the process is complicated, the cost is increased, and the production efficiency is low. From this composition, the hardenability is insufficient, and it is difficult to ensure the formation of full martensite and a large amount of bainite, and thus it cannot be used for the production of complex phase steel and hot formed steel parts.
Document EP1865086 discloses a steel composition comprising 0.1% to 0.2% C,0.05% to 0.3% Si,0.8% to 1.8% Mn,0.5% to 1.8% Ni, 0.015% or less P, 0.003% S,0.0002% to 0.008% B, optionally 0.01% to 0.1% Ti, optionally 0.01% to 0.05% Al, optionally 0.002% to 0.005% N. The steel composition can produce a hot press formed part having a tensile strength of greater than 1000MPa and an elongation of greater than 10%. However, this steel is expensive to manufacture due to its high nickel content.
Therefore, how to efficiently and conveniently meet various requirements of automobile body structure design becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently in the field of steel production.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for preparing a complex phase steel hot-base galvanized plate and a hot-forming steel part by using a boron steel pickling plate with specific components through hot processing. The method is based on the same steel component, and realizes the preparation of 780 MPa-grade complex phase steel hot-base galvanized plate and the high fracture strain performance hot forming steel part with the strength reaching 1000-1300MPa after die quenching by adjusting each process parameter.
According to the invention, the hot processing method of the boron-containing steel pickling plate comprises the following steps:
casting blank: controlling the components of the boron-containing steel according to the following weight percentages: c:0.071 to 0.128%, mn:1.70 to 2.49%, si:0.0003 to 0.25%, cr:0.0003 to 0.3%, nb:0.0003 to 0.024%, ti:0.015 to 0.35%, B:0.0003 to 0.0045%, als:0.01 to 0.09 percent of Fe and inevitable impurities as the rest, and casting the components into a plate blank after smelting;
hot rolling: heating, descaling, rough rolling, finish rolling and laminar cooling the plate blank to obtain a hot rolled coil;
acid washing: removing oxide skin on the surface of the hot-rolled coil by using an acid solution to obtain a pickling plate, wherein in the pickling process, the concentration of free acid is 50-140 g/L, the pickling temperature is 70-90 ℃, the pickling speed is 45-200 m/min, the rinsing water temperature is 40-85 ℃, and the pH value of a rinsing tank is more than or equal to 3.5.
Hot processing: hot working the pickled sheet to obtain a hot worked product comprising:
hot galvanizing: the pickled plate is annealed by a hot galvanizing production line to prepare a complex phase steel hot-base galvanized plate, wherein the annealing comprises the steps of heating the pickled plate to 600-700 ℃, soaking and preserving heat for 37-112 s, cooling and immersing in a hot galvanizing pool, keeping for a preset time, and cooling to room temperature;
and (3) thermoforming: and heating the pickled plate to 900-950 ℃, preserving heat to complete austenitizing to obtain steel for hot forming, transferring the steel for hot forming onto a die to form, and quenching to below 180 ℃ to obtain the steel part for hot forming.
According to one embodiment of the invention, laminar cooling is performed by front-end cooling during hot rolling.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the pickling comprises a scale breaking process,
wherein the elongation of the scale breaker is 0.6-1.3%.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the slab is hot-rolled and pickled to obtain a pickled plate for hot galvanizing, the pickled plate for hot galvanizing is annealed by a hot galvanizing production line to prepare a complex-phase steel hot-base galvanized plate,
wherein, in the hot rolling process, the finishing temperature of rough rolling is 1050-1115 ℃, the finishing temperature of final rolling is 850-930 ℃, and the coiling temperature is 450-520 ℃.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a hot dip galvanizing comprises:
the acid-washing plate is heated to 250 ℃, 580-610 ℃ and 600-700 ℃ in stages at the heating rates of 5-15 ℃/s, 2-10 ℃/s and 0.4-3 ℃/s respectively;
after soaking and heat preservation for 37-112 s, slowly cooling to 550-600 ℃ at a cooling rate of 1-8 ℃/s, and then rapidly cooling to 440-470 ℃ at a cooling rate of 10-30 ℃/s;
soaking and preserving heat for 21-63 s again, and then soaking the zinc alloy into a zinc pool for galvanizing;
and (4) cooling to room temperature at the speed of 3-10 ℃/s after the zinc is discharged from the zinc pool, so as to obtain the complex phase steel hot-base galvanized plate.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the unit speed of the hot galvanizing production line is 40-130 m/min and the finishing elongation rate is 0.50-1.5% when the product is produced.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the speed of the machine set is adjusted to be reduced by 15m/min and the finishing elongation is reduced by 0.05 percent when the thickness of the pickling plate for hot galvanizing is increased by 0.3 mm.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the slab is hot-rolled and pickled to obtain a pickled sheet for hot forming, the pickled sheet for hot forming is heated and kept warm to obtain a steel for hot forming,
wherein, in the hot rolling process, the rough rolling finishing temperature is 1050-1115 ℃, the final rolling temperature is 850-930 ℃, and the coiling temperature is 540-640 ℃.
According to one embodiment of the invention, thermoforming comprises: and keeping the temperature for 400-500 s after heating to complete austenitizing.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the low-cost 780 MPa-grade complex-phase steel hot-base galvanized sheet with excellent performance is flexibly obtained through heat treatment, 1000-1300 MPa-grade hot-forming steel parts are prepared by utilizing the pickled sheet, and the automobile body manufacturing mode of the global automobile industry can be assisted and reformed;
2. the 'element' of the steel grade can reduce the complexity of each link of design, purchase, production, manufacture and the like of a steel white car body;
3. the Nb microalloying is fully exerted, a small amount of Nb is added to refine austenite grains, martensite pack and Block units are refined, fine grain strengthening is provided, and meanwhile, the toughness is improved; the crystal grain refinement and NbC, tiC and other nano precipitated particles are used for improving the hydrogen induced cracking resistance of various steel types;
4. through the flexible adjustment of the galvanizing process, the hot stamping process and the like, the boron-containing steel with innovative design can simultaneously prepare 780 MPa-grade complex phase steel hot-base galvanized plates with excellent performance and hot forming steel parts with high fracture strain performance and the strength reaching 1000-1300MPa after the die quenching.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for hot working a pickled sheet of boron-containing steel to produce a complex phase steel hot-based galvanized sheet, a hot-formed steel part, according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a microstructure of the complex phase steel hot-base galvanized sheet obtained in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a microstructure of a hot forming steel obtained in example 5;
FIG. 4 is a microstructure of the hot formed steel part obtained in example 5.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The method for preparing the galvanized sheet by using the boron-containing steel aims to obtain 780 MPa-grade complex-phase steel hot-base galvanized sheet with excellent performance and a high fracture strain performance (large VDA238-100 three-point bending angle) hot forming steel part with the strength reaching 1000-1300MPa after die quenching by adjusting the working procedures of the existing hot processing production line on the basis of the same steel component. As shown in fig. 1, the method specifically includes the following steps:
casting blank
Controlling the components of the boron-containing steel according to the weight percentage: c: 0.071-0.128%, mn:1.70 to 2.49%, si:0.0003 to 0.25%, cr:0.0003 to 0.3%, nb:0.0003 to 0.024%, ti:0.015 to 0.35%, B:0.0003 to 0.0045%, als:0.01 to 0.09 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and casting the components into a plate blank after smelting. Wherein, the P, S and N are taken as inevitable impurity elements to meet the requirements of traditional steelmaking, and the specific content is not limited.
The components give full play to Nb microalloying, and a small amount of Nb is added to refine austenite grains, refine martensite Block (Packet) and martensite bundle (Block) units, provide fine grain reinforcement and improve toughness.
The boron element (B) is an indispensable element, and is extremely effective in improving the hardenability of steel. The hardenability of this steel is not directly determined by the total B content added, but by the solid-solution B content that enhances hardenability. However, B has a strong tendency to bind to N, and the resulting BN has no effect on the improvement of hardenability, and this portion is called ineffective B, and is usually subjected to nitrogen fixation treatment with other strong nitride-forming elements (such as Ti and the like). The titanium element (Ti) mainly fixes the N element, and on one hand, tiN particles with the size of hundreds of nanometers precipitated in the high-temperature soaking process can effectively inhibit the growth of high-temperature austenite; on the other hand, ti consumes N element to avoid the formation of ineffective B compound BN to ensure the effectiveness of solid solution B for hardenability.
The boron-containing steel components of samples 1-4 are shown in table 1:
table 1 boron-containing steel composition (wt.%)
Hot rolling
And heating, descaling, rough rolling, finish rolling and laminar cooling the plate blank to obtain a hot rolled coil. In the embodiment of the invention, the rough rolling finishing temperature in the hot rolling process is 1050-1115 ℃, the final rolling temperature is 850-930 ℃, and the coiling temperature is 450-640 ℃. The laminar cooling can adopt a front section cooling mode.
Acid pickling
The acid-pickled sheet is obtained after removing the scale on the surface of the hot-rolled coil using an acid solution. The acid solution can be selected from sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, chromic acid, hydrofluoric acid or mixed acid of any combination, and the concentration and specific dosage of the acid solution can be reasonably controlled according to actual working conditions.
In the acid washing process, the acid washing temperature can be 70-90 ℃, preferably 75-86 ℃, the concentration of free acid is 50-140 g/L, the acid washing speed is 45-200 m/min, the rinsing water temperature is 40-85 ℃, and the pH value of a rinsing tank is more than or equal to 3.5, preferably more than or equal to 4. Wherein the acid washing comprises a scale breaking process, and the elongation of the scale breaker in the scale breaking process is preferably 0.6-1.3%.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the pickling process may be performed by a continuous pickling line.
Hot working
And carrying out hot processing on the pickled plate to obtain a hot processed product. Including but not limited to hot galvanizing and/or hot forming.
In one embodiment of the invention, the pickled plate is annealed by a hot galvanizing production line to prepare the complex phase steel hot-base galvanized plate. Wherein, the annealing comprises heating the pickled plate to 600-700 ℃, soaking and preserving heat for 37-112 s, cooling and immersing in a hot galvanizing bath, keeping for a predetermined time, and then cooling to room temperature. Further, the speed of the hot galvanizing production line can be set to be 40-130 m/min when the product is produced, and the speed of the hot galvanizing production line can be gradually reduced along with the increase of the thickness of the pickled plate, for example, the speed of the hot galvanizing production line can be adjusted to be reduced by about 15m/min every time the thickness specification of the pickled plate is increased by 0.3 mm; the temper rolling elongation may range from 0.50 to 1.5% and is preferably reduced by 0.05% for every 0.3mm increase in the pickled plate thickness.
Specifically, soaking and preserving heat, cooling to the temperature of 440-470 ℃ of a zinc pool furnace nose, immersing in a zinc pool, and cooling to room temperature at the final cooling rate of 3-10 ℃/s after galvanizing to obtain the complex phase steel hot-base galvanized plate. The hot dip galvanizing process may specifically include the steps of:
1) Heating the acid-washing plate to 250 ℃, 580-610 ℃ and 600-700 ℃ in stages at the heating rates of 5-15 ℃/s, 2-10 ℃/s and 0.4-3 ℃/s respectively;
2) After soaking and heat preservation for 37-112 s, slowly cooling to 550-600 ℃ at a cooling rate of 1-8 ℃/s, and then rapidly cooling to 440-470 ℃ at a cooling rate of 10-30 ℃/s;
3) Soaking and preserving heat for 21-63 s again, and then soaking the zinc alloy into a zinc bath for galvanizing treatment;
4) And cooling to room temperature at the speed of 3-10 ℃/s after the zinc bath is discharged to obtain the complex phase steel hot-base galvanized sheet.
In the low-cost 780 MPa-grade complex phase steel plate obtained by adjusting the heat treatment process under the alloy system, the yield strength is 650-720 MPa, the tensile strength is 760-820 MPa, and the elongation A is 80 About 15.0%, and the structure thereof is composed of bainite + ferrite + martensite or martensite/retained austenite.
In another embodiment of the invention, the pickled plate is heated to 900-950 ℃, the temperature is kept for 120-500 s to complete austenitization, then the steel for hot forming is transferred to a die to be formed and quenched to below 180 ℃, and the steel part for hot forming is obtained. Wherein the austenitizing heat preservation time is determined by the specifications of the acid-washed plate, for example, the heat preservation time of a 3.0mm thick plate is about 120-300s. The hot forming may be a hot stamping, or alternatively, the hot forming may be other high temperature forming processes similar thereto.
The yield strength of the material obtained by quenching the low-cost 1000-1300 MPa-grade steel pickling plate for hot forming under the alloy system through adjusting a hot stamping heat treatment process is 850-1050 MPa, the tensile strength is 1000-1300MPa, the elongation A50 is 5.0-10.0%, the corresponding bending angle under the standard maximum bending load of VDA238-100 with the thickness of 3.0mm is higher than 75 degrees, and the quenching structure of the material consists of fresh martensite, tempered martensite or fresh martensite, tempered martensite and a certain amount of bainite.
The following are specific examples of the method for preparing the complex phase steel hot-base galvanized sheet and the hot-formed steel part by hot-working the pickled sheet containing boron steel according to the invention and specific process parameters thereof. It should be appreciated that although the following examples illustrate the preparation of complex phase steel hot-base galvanized sheet or hot-formed steel part from pickled sheet of boron-containing steel alone, one skilled in the art can combine hot galvanizing with hot forming to obtain hot-formed steel galvanized part depending on actual production requirements. That is, on one hand, the complex phase steel hot-base galvanized sheet with the microstructure composed of ferrite, bainite, martensite and a small amount of martensite can be obtained after hot galvanizing is finished, and the complex phase steel hot-base galvanized sheet can be used for subsequent cold processing; on the other hand, a galvanized/aluminosilicate sheet of steel for precoating hot forming suitable for a hot forming process as a post-process can also be obtained, and the structure thereof may be a single phase (e.g., pearlite), a dual phase (ferrite + martensite), or a multiple phase (ferrite, bainite, martensite, and/or martensite), followed by hot forming to obtain a galvanized/aluminosilicate component of hot formed steel.
Example 1 (CP-1)
In this example, a hot dip galvanizing process was performed on sample 1. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Hot rolling: heating, descaling, rough rolling, finish rolling and laminar cooling the plate blank to obtain a hot rolled coil, wherein in the hot rolling process, the finish temperature of the rough rolling is 1090 ℃, the finish rolling temperature is 880 ℃, and the coiling temperature is 470 ℃;
2) Acid washing: removing oxide skin on the surface of the hot-rolled coil by using an acid solution to obtain a pickling plate for hot galvanizing, wherein in the pickling process, the pickling temperature is 70 ℃, the pickling speed is 45m/min, the concentration of free acid is 50-140 g/L, the rinsing water temperature is 40-85 ℃, the pH value of a rinsing tank is more than or equal to 3.5, and the elongation of a scale breaker is 0.6%;
3) Heating a pickling plate for hot galvanizing to 250 ℃, 580 ℃ and 600 ℃ in a segmented mode at the heating rates of 9 ℃/s, 5 ℃/s and 1 ℃/s respectively;
4) Soaking and preserving heat for 112s, then slowly cooling to 550 ℃ at a cooling rate of 1 ℃/s, and then rapidly cooling to 470 ℃ at a cooling rate of 4 ℃/s;
5) Soaking and preserving heat for 63s again, and then soaking the zinc alloy into a zinc pool for galvanizing;
6) And (4) cooling to room temperature at the speed of 10 ℃/s after the zinc is discharged from the zinc pool, so as to obtain the complex phase steel hot-base galvanized plate, namely CP-1.
Fig. 2 shows the metallographic structure of the complex phase steel hot-base galvanized sheet obtained in the present example, which is composed of ferrite + bainite + martensite + maroza and belongs to a typical complex phase steel.
Example 2 (CP-2)
In this example, a hot dip galvanizing process was performed on sample 2. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Hot rolling: heating, descaling, rough rolling, finish rolling and laminar cooling the plate blank to obtain a hot rolled coil, wherein in the hot rolling process, the finish temperature of the rough rolling is 1076 ℃, the finish rolling temperature is 900 ℃, and the coiling temperature is 480 ℃;
2) Acid washing: removing oxide skin on the surface of the hot-rolled coil by using an acid solution to obtain a pickling plate for hot galvanizing, wherein in the pickling process, the pickling temperature is 75 ℃, the pickling speed is 100m/min, the concentration of free acid is 50-140 g/L, the rinsing water temperature is 40-85 ℃, the pH value of a rinsing tank is more than or equal to 3.5, and the elongation of a scale breaker is 0.7%;
3) Heating a pickling plate for hot galvanizing to 250 ℃, 590 ℃ and 620 ℃ in a segmented mode at the heating rates of 10 ℃/s, 3 ℃/s and 2 ℃/s respectively;
4) Soaking and keeping the temperature for 64s, then slowly cooling to 560 ℃ at a cooling rate of 5 ℃/s, and then rapidly cooling to 440 ℃ at a cooling rate of 30 ℃/s;
5) Soaking for 63s again, and soaking in a zinc bath for galvanizing;
6) And (4) cooling to room temperature at the speed of 3 ℃/s after the zinc is discharged from the zinc pool, so as to obtain the complex phase steel hot-base galvanized plate, namely CP-2.
Example 3 (CP-3)
In this example, the hot dip galvanizing process was performed on sample 3. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Hot rolling: heating, descaling, rough rolling, finish rolling and laminar cooling the plate blank to obtain a hot rolled coil, wherein in the hot rolling process, the rough rolling finishing temperature is 1082 ℃, the finish rolling temperature is 850 ℃, and the coiling temperature is 450 ℃;
2) Acid washing: removing oxide skin on the surface of the hot-rolled coil by using an acid solution to obtain a pickling plate for hot galvanizing, wherein in the pickling process, the pickling temperature is 82 ℃, the pickling speed is 150m/min, the concentration of free acid is 50-140 g/L, the rinsing water temperature is 40-85 ℃, the pH value of a rinsing tank is more than or equal to 4, and the elongation of a scale breaker is 1.3%;
3) Heating acid-washing plates for hot galvanizing to 250 ℃, 600 ℃ and 660 ℃ in stages at the heating rates of 15 ℃/s, 10 ℃/s and 0.4 ℃/s respectively;
4) After soaking and heat preservation for 37s, slowly cooling to 570 ℃ at a cooling rate of 10 ℃/s, and then rapidly cooling to 450 ℃ at a cooling rate of 20 ℃/s;
5) Soaking and preserving heat for 21s again, and then soaking the zinc alloy into a zinc pool for galvanizing;
6) And cooling to room temperature at the speed of 5 ℃/s after discharging the zinc bath to obtain the multiphase steel hot-base galvanized sheet, namely CP-3.
Example 4 (CP-4)
In this example, the hot dip galvanizing process was performed on sample 4. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Hot rolling: heating, descaling, rough rolling, finish rolling and laminar cooling the plate blank to obtain a hot rolled coil, wherein in the hot rolling process, the rough rolling is finished at 1115 ℃, the finish rolling temperature is 930 ℃, and the coiling temperature is 520 ℃;
2) Acid washing: removing oxide skin on the surface of the hot-rolled coil by using an acid solution to obtain a pickling plate for hot galvanizing, wherein in the pickling process, the pickling temperature is 90 ℃, the pickling speed is 200m/min, the concentration of free acid is 50-140 g/L, the rinsing water temperature is 40-85 ℃, the pH value of a rinsing tank is more than or equal to 4, and the elongation of a scale breaker is 1.0%;
3) Heating a pickling plate for hot galvanizing to 250 ℃, 610 ℃ and 700 ℃ in a segmented mode at the heating rates of 8 ℃/s, 6 ℃/s and 2.5 ℃/s respectively;
4) After soaking and heat preservation for 45s, slowly cooling to 600 ℃ at a cooling rate of 7 ℃/s, and then rapidly cooling to 460 ℃ at a cooling rate of 28 ℃/s;
5) Soaking and preserving heat for 25s again, and then soaking the zinc alloy into a zinc bath for galvanizing treatment;
6) And (4) cooling to room temperature at the speed of 7 ℃/s after the zinc is discharged from the zinc pool, so as to obtain the complex phase steel hot-base galvanized plate, namely CP-4.
Embodiment 5 (PHS-1)
In this embodiment, a hot stamping process is performed on sample 1. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Hot rolling: heating, descaling, rough rolling, finish rolling and laminar cooling the plate blank to obtain a hot rolled coil, wherein in the hot rolling process, the finishing temperature of the rough rolling is 1090 ℃, the finishing temperature of the finish rolling is 900 ℃, and the coiling temperature is 600 ℃;
2) Acid washing: removing oxide skin on the surface of the hot-rolled coil by using an acid solution to obtain a pickling plate for hot forming, wherein in the pickling process, the pickling temperature is 70 ℃, the pickling speed is 45m/min, the concentration of free acid is 50-140 g/L, the temperature of rinsing water is 40-85 ℃, the pH value of a rinsing tank is more than or equal to 3.5, and the elongation of a scale breaker is 0.6%;
3) Heating the acid-washing plate for hot forming to 925 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 300s to complete austenitizing to obtain steel for hot stamping, transferring to a die for stamping, and quenching to below 180 deg.C to obtain hot stamping steel part, i.e. PHS-1
Fig. 3 and 4 show the microstructures of the hot-forming steel (before hot forming) and the hot-forming steel member (after hot forming) obtained in the present example, respectively, in which the microstructure before hot forming was composed of ferrite + pearlite + martensite, and the microstructure after hot forming was a clearly martensitic structure.
Embodiment 6 (PHS-2)
In this embodiment, a hot stamping process is performed on sample 2. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Hot rolling: heating, descaling, rough rolling, finish rolling and laminar cooling the plate blank to obtain a hot rolled coil, wherein in the hot rolling process, the finish temperature of the rough rolling is 1076 ℃, the finish rolling temperature is 925 ℃ and the coiling temperature is 640 ℃;
2) Acid washing: removing oxide skin on the surface of the hot-rolled coil by using an acid solution to obtain a pickling plate for hot forming, wherein in the pickling process, the pickling temperature is 75 ℃, the pickling speed is 100m/min, the concentration of free acid is 50-140 g/L, the rinsing water temperature is 40-85 ℃, the pH value of a rinsing tank is more than or equal to 3.5, and the elongation of a scale breaker is 0.7%;
3) Heating the acid pickling plate for hot forming to 915 ℃, preserving heat for 200s to finish austenitizing to obtain steel for hot stamping, then transferring the steel to a die for stamping and quenching to below 180 ℃ to obtain a hot stamping steel part, namely PHS-2
Embodiment 7 (PHS-3)
In this embodiment, a hot stamping process is performed on the sample 3. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Hot rolling: heating, descaling, rough rolling, finish rolling and laminar cooling the plate blank to obtain a hot rolled coil, wherein in the hot rolling process, the rough rolling finishing temperature is 1082 ℃, the finish rolling temperature is 860 ℃, and the coiling temperature is 580 ℃;
2) Acid washing: removing oxide skin on the surface of the hot-rolled coil by using an acid solution to obtain a pickling plate for hot forming, wherein in the pickling process, the pickling temperature is 80 ℃, the pickling speed is 150m/min, the concentration of free acid is 50-140 g/L, the temperature of rinsing water is 40-85 ℃, the pH value of a rinsing tank is more than or equal to 4, and the elongation of a scale breaker is 1.3%;
3) And heating the pickling plate for hot forming to 950 ℃, preserving heat for 120s to complete austenitizing to obtain steel for hot stamping, transferring the steel to a die for stamping, and quenching to below 180 ℃ to obtain a hot stamping steel part, namely PHS-3.
Embodiment 8 (PHS-4)
In this embodiment, a hot stamping process is performed on the sample 4. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Hot rolling: heating, descaling, rough rolling, finish rolling and laminar cooling the plate blank to obtain a hot rolled coil, wherein in the hot rolling process, the finish temperature of the rough rolling is 1055 ℃, the finish rolling temperature is 850 ℃, and the coiling temperature is 540 ℃;
2) Acid washing: removing oxide skin on the surface of the hot-rolled coil by using an acid solution to obtain a pickling plate for hot forming, wherein in the pickling process, the pickling temperature is 90 ℃, the pickling speed is 200m/min, the concentration of free acid is 50-140 g/L, the rinsing water temperature is 40-85 ℃, the pH value of a rinsing tank is more than or equal to 4, and the elongation of a scale breaker is 0.6%;
3) Heating the pickling plate for hot forming to 900 ℃, preserving heat for 500s to finish austenitizing to obtain steel for hot stamping, then transferring the steel to a die for stamping and quenching to below 180 ℃ to obtain a hot stamping steel part, namely PHS-4.
The complex phase steel hot-base galvanized plates obtained in examples 1 to 4 were subjected to mechanical property detection, and the results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 mechanical properties of complex phase steel hot-base galvanized sheet
The mechanical properties of the hot stamping steels and hot stamping steel parts obtained in examples 5 to 8 were measured, and the results are shown in tables 3 to 4:
TABLE 3 mechanical Properties of steels for Hot stamping (before Hot stamping)
TABLE 4 mechanical Properties of Hot stamped Steel parts (3.0 mm Steel plates after Hot stamping)
The result shows that the microstructure of the complex phase steel hot-base galvanized sheet prepared by the invention consists of ferrite, bainite, martensite and a small amount of martensite/retained austenite, and the surface galvanizing quality is good. The complex phase steel hot-base galvanized plate has good welding performance and high elongation, and meets the requirements of high strength and high elongation; meanwhile, the alloy component system is simultaneously suitable for preparing hot stamping forming steel and corresponding parts thereof, the structure before hot stamping is ferrite, pearlite structure or ferrite + bainite + martensite structure, the structure after hot stamping is martensite and tempered martensite, the tensile strength is up to 1000-1300MPa, the average value of the VDA238-100 maximum bending angle (3.0 mm plate) representing the collision performance is more than 75 degrees, the preferred value is 90 degrees, and the ductility and toughness of the alloy component system are far superior to that of 22MnB5 steel (the bending angle is about 60 degrees).
The above examples only express embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A hot working method of a boron-containing steel pickling plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
casting blank: controlling the components of the boron-containing steel according to the following weight percentages: c:0.071 to 0.128%, mn:1.70 to 2.49%, si:0.0003 to 0.25%, cr:0.0003 to 0.3%, nb:0.0003 to 0.024%, ti:0.015 to 0.35%, B:0.0003 to 0.0045%, als:0.01 to 0.09 percent of Fe and inevitable impurities as the rest, and casting the components into a plate blank after smelting;
hot rolling: heating, descaling, rough rolling, finish rolling and laminar cooling the plate blank to obtain a hot-rolled coil;
acid washing: removing oxide skin on the surface of the hot-rolled coil by using an acid solution to obtain a pickling plate, wherein in the pickling process, the concentration of free acid is 50-140 g/L, the pickling temperature is 70-90 ℃, the pickling speed is 45-200 m/min, the rinsing water temperature is 40-85 ℃, and the pH value of a rinsing tank is more than or equal to 3.5;
hot processing: hot working the pickled sheet to obtain a hot worked product comprising:
hot galvanizing: annealing the pickled plate by a hot galvanizing production line to prepare a complex phase steel hot-base galvanized plate, wherein the annealing comprises heating the pickled plate to 600-700 ℃, soaking and preserving heat for 37-112 s, cooling and immersing the pickled plate in a hot galvanizing bath, keeping for a predetermined time, and cooling to room temperature;
and (3) thermoforming: and heating the pickled plate to 900-950 ℃, preserving heat to complete austenitizing to obtain steel for hot forming, transferring the steel for hot forming to a die for forming, and quenching to below 180 ℃ to obtain the steel part for hot forming.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the laminar cooling is performed by front-end cooling during the hot rolling.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pickling comprises a scale breaking process,
wherein the elongation of the scale breaker is 0.6-1.3%.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the slab is hot-rolled and pickled to obtain a pickled sheet for hot galvanizing, the pickled sheet for hot galvanizing is annealed by a hot galvanizing production line to form a complex-phase steel hot-base galvanized sheet,
wherein, in the hot rolling process, the rough rolling finishing temperature is 1050-1115 ℃, the final rolling temperature is 850-930 ℃, and the coiling temperature is 450-520 ℃.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the hot galvanizing comprises:
heating the acid-washing plate to 250 ℃, 580-610 ℃ and 600-700 ℃ in stages at the heating rates of 5-15 ℃/s, 2-10 ℃/s and 0.4-3 ℃/s respectively;
after soaking and heat preservation for 37-112 s, slowly cooling to 550-600 ℃ at a cooling rate of 1-8 ℃/s, and then rapidly cooling to 440-470 ℃ at a cooling rate of 10-30 ℃/s;
soaking and preserving heat for 21-63 s again, and then soaking the zinc alloy into a zinc pool for galvanizing;
and (4) cooling to room temperature at the speed of 3-10 ℃/s after the zinc is discharged from the zinc pool, so as to obtain the complex phase steel hot-base galvanized plate.
6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the unit speed of the hot galvanizing production line is 40-130 m/min and the finishing elongation rate is 0.50-1.5% in the hot galvanizing process.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the unit speed is adjusted to be reduced by 15m/min and the temper elongation is reduced by 0.05% for every 0.3mm increase in thickness of the pickled plate for hot galvanizing.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the slab is hot-rolled and pickled to obtain a pickled hot-forming plate, and the pickled hot-forming plate is heated and kept warm to obtain a steel for hot-forming,
wherein, in the hot rolling process, the rough rolling finishing temperature is 1050-1150 ℃, the final rolling temperature is 850-930 ℃, and the coiling temperature is 540-640 ℃.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the thermoforming comprises:
and after heating, keeping the temperature for 120-500 s to complete austenitizing.
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