CN115608780A - Method for controlling copper-containing stainless steel cracks and stainless steel - Google Patents
Method for controlling copper-containing stainless steel cracks and stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN115608780A CN115608780A CN202211632675.9A CN202211632675A CN115608780A CN 115608780 A CN115608780 A CN 115608780A CN 202211632675 A CN202211632675 A CN 202211632675A CN 115608780 A CN115608780 A CN 115608780A
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 14
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemanganese Chemical compound [Mn]=S CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 and in recent years Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B3/02—Rolling special iron alloys, e.g. stainless steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/004—Heating the product
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal rolling, and particularly relates to a method for controlling cracks of copper-containing stainless steel and the copper-containing stainless steel, wherein the copper-containing stainless steel with no cracks and excellent performance is prepared by a casting blank hot charging heating and pulse current auxiliary rolling process and combined with the control of Mn, ti, cu, S and other elements in molten steel, the structure of the stainless steel is uniform and fine, the hardness is more than or equal to 150HV, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 710MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 60%, and the copper-containing stainless steel is convenient for large-scale industrial production and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal rolling, in particular to a method for controlling copper-containing stainless steel cracks through improvement of a rolling process and stainless steel.
Background
Cu has a certain influence on the improvement of steel properties as a strengthening element equivalent to Al, mg, etc., and the addition of a certain amount of Cu to steel can significantly improve the corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, impact toughness, weldability, etc. of steel, and in recent years, copper-containing antibacterial stainless steel has been actively developed.
Compared with common stainless steel, the copper-containing stainless steel has good comprehensive performance, but the melting point of copper is lower and is 1083.4 ℃ in the production process, and Fe is oxidized preferentially to Cu in the heating process, so that the content of Fe in a surface layer is reduced when the copper-containing stainless steel is heated to 1100-1200 ℃, the content of elemental copper is increased relative to iron, when the content of elemental copper exceeds the solubility in iron, a liquid copper-rich phase is formed on a matrix-oxidation layer surface and is aggregated into a copper-rich layer, and then the liquid copper-rich phase permeates along an austenite crystal boundary of the matrix surface, so that the copper-containing stainless steel forms a crack defect on the surface.
In the aspect of improving the microstructure and the mechanical property of the copper-containing stainless steel by adding elements, most of the technologies need to add elements such as Ni, mn, si, P, S and the like. For improving the surface cracks of copper-containing stainless steel, adding nickel is an effective method at present, nickel and copper are compounded into a nickel-copper compound with high melting point, so that copper elements can not be dissociated and aggregated together to form a copper-rich phase, however, because nickel is a precious metal, the price of nickel is high, and an other method is required to replace a proper amount of nickel in view of production cost.
Besides adding elements such as nickel, silicon and the like into the alloy to improve the surface cracks of the copper, most enterprises can also inhibit the generation of the surface cracks of the copper by improving the processing technology, improve the high-temperature treatment time, deposit an oxidation-resistant coating on the surface of the copper-containing steel and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention mainly aims to provide a method for controlling the cracks of copper-containing stainless steel through the improvement of a rolling process and the stainless steel.
To solve the above technical problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a method of controlling cracking of copper-containing stainless steel, comprising the steps of:
s1, casting blank hot charging and heating, wherein the charging temperature of the casting blank is controlled at the initial temperature Ar of austenite-pearlite transformation 1 Heating at a temperature below the temperature in a reducing atmosphere;
s2, carrying out auxiliary rolling by pulse current temperature compensation, and controlling initial and final deformation during rolling.
As a preferable aspect of the method for controlling cracks of copper-containing stainless steel according to the present invention, wherein: before the step S1, the method further includes:
s0, regulating and controlling the components of the molten steel, controlling the contents of Mn and Ti in the molten steel according to the requirements of steel grades, and controlling S to be less than or equal to 0.04wt% and Cu to be 0.02-6.00wt%.
As a preferable aspect of the method for controlling cracks of copper-containing stainless steel according to the present invention, wherein: in the step S1, heating is divided into two stages:
when the temperature is lower than 1100 ℃, the heating speed is 3 to 5 ℃/min;
the heating speed is 8 to 10 ℃/min when the temperature is more than or equal to 1100 ℃.
As a preferable aspect of the method for controlling cracks of copper-containing stainless steel according to the present invention, wherein: in the step S1, the integral heating time is controlled to be less than or equal to 200min, and then rolling is carried out immediately without heat preservation.
As a preferable aspect of the method for controlling cracks of copper-containing stainless steel according to the present invention, wherein: in the step S2, the initial deformation is controlled to be less than or equal to 10 percent; the final deformation is less than or equal to 30 percent.
As a preferable embodiment of the method for controlling cracks of copper-containing stainless steel according to the present invention, wherein: in the step S2, the frequency of the pulse current is 600 to 800Hz, and the voltage is 100 to 150V.
As a preferable aspect of the method for controlling cracks of copper-containing stainless steel according to the present invention, wherein: in the step S2, the rolling temperature is 1220 to 1250 ℃.
In order to solve the above technical problem, according to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the stainless steel has no crack defects and is prepared by the method.
As a preferable embodiment of the stainless steel of the present invention, wherein: the hardness of the stainless steel is more than or equal to 150HV, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 710MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 60 percent.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a method for controlling cracks of copper-containing stainless steel and the stainless steel, wherein the copper-containing stainless steel with no cracks and excellent performance is prepared by the processes of casting blank hot charging heating and pulse current auxiliary rolling and the control of Mn, ti, cu, S and other elements in molten steel, the structure of the stainless steel is uniform and fine, the hardness is more than or equal to 150HV, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 710MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 60%.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a structural view of a stainless steel manufactured in example 1 of the present invention.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for controlling copper-containing stainless steel cracks and stainless steel, wherein the contents of Mn and Ti in molten steel are controlled according to steel grade requirements, and the contents of S and Cu are controlled to obtain the copper-containing stainless steelUntil MnS inclusion can be used as heterogeneous nucleation core of copper precipitation, so that copper is dispersed and precipitated instead of being segregated; heating under a reducing atmosphere: continuous casting hot charging heating, wherein the charging temperature of a casting blank is Ar 1 Heating in two stages at a temperature below; during rolling, pulse current is added while initial and final deformation is controlled, so that the copper-containing stainless steel with no crack and excellent performance is prepared.
A method of controlling cracking of copper-containing stainless steel, comprising the steps of:
s0, regulating and controlling the components of the molten steel, controlling the contents of Mn and Ti in the molten steel according to the requirements of steel grades, and controlling S to be less than or equal to 0.04wt% and Cu to be 0.02-6.00wt%;
mn can promote the formation of nucleation centers and then diffuse from the inside of the cores to the outside, so that excessive growth of Cu-rich phases is prevented, and the content of copper-rich phases at the interface of steel/oxide skin is reduced. The S element can be dissolved in liquid molten steel, but is usually present in solid steel in the form of FeS in the solid state, when the oxygen content is high, fe + FeS + FeO three-phase eutectic with lower melting point can be generated, and after Mn is adjusted by adding ferromanganese and the like, the sulfur and the manganese in the steel form MnS because the chemical affinity of the manganese is greater than the binding force of the iron and the sulfur, so that the formation of FeS is avoided. MnS has high melting point and certain plasticity at high temperature, and manganese sulfide can be used as a heterogeneous nucleation core for copper precipitation to form a copper-phase-containing MnS-coated composite inclusion. Copper can be separated out and nucleated on manganese sulfide inclusions and silicon oxide/manganese sulfide composite inclusions, and MnS inclusions are more suitable for copper separation than silicon oxide and aluminum oxide inclusions. With the increase of the Mn content, the precipitation proportion of copper is reduced, but the precipitation amount of copper on manganese sulfide is increased; the alloy is added with ferrotitanium, and because the titanium oxide generated in the steel is easy to combine with the steel, and the sulfide is evenly dispersed and distributed in the steel.
S1, casting blank hot charging and heating, and controlling the charging temperature of the casting blank to be Ar 1 Below that temperature which is due to the ingot charging temperature being Ar 1 The structure of the steel is a gamma + alpha two-phase mixed structure above the temperature, so that the stress concentration of the casting blank is easily caused, and the casting blank generates hot charging cracks, so the charging temperature of the casting blank is Ar 1 Below the temperature. And the heating is divided into two stages:
when the temperature is lower than 1100 ℃, the oxidation speed is slow, and the heating can be slowly carried out, specifically, the heating speed is 3 to 5 ℃/min;
when the temperature is higher than 1100 ℃, rapid heating is needed, and the holding time after heating cannot be too long, because more Cu is diffused to grain boundaries or steel/oxide scale interfaces to form segregation during high-temperature holding. The long-time heat preservation above 1200 ℃ is avoided as much as possible in the heating process of the copper-containing steel; specifically, the heating speed is 8 to 10 ℃/min;
heating under a reducing atmosphere; the integral heating time is controlled to be less than or equal to 200min, and then rolling is carried out immediately without heat preservation.
S2, carrying out auxiliary rolling by pulse current temperature compensation, and controlling initial and final deformation during rolling; controlling the initial deformation amount to be less than or equal to 10 percent; the final deformation is less than or equal to 30 percent; the frequency of the pulse current is 600 to 800Hz, and the voltage is 100 to 150V; the rolling temperature is 1220 to 1250 ℃.
The formation of hot cracks of the copper-containing stainless steel is very sensitive to the rolling temperature, the liquid copper-rich phase is rapidly generated at about 1100 ℃, the liquid copper-rich phase is gradually dissolved into the matrix iron along with the temperature rise, cu at about 1220 ℃ is completely dissolved into the matrix iron, and the liquid copper-rich phase disappears. When the rolling temperature is 1110-1160 ℃, the content of the liquid copper-rich phase is the highest, and the problem of copper-induced thermal cracking is the most serious. When the rolling temperature is raised to 1210 ℃, the copper-rich phase is gradually dissolved into the iron matrix, the number of cracks and microcracks is less than that of 1160 ℃, and the length and depth of the cracks are shortened. The rolling temperature of the copper-containing stainless steel can be controlled below 1100 ℃ or above 1220 ℃.
The amount of rolling deformation has an effect on copper induced thermal crack formation. And the formation of cracks in the test piece corresponding to the amount of deformation presents a critical value. Under most conditions, this critical value is 30%. Above 30% deformation, cracks increase significantly. And the increase in the number of cracks is not linear with the continued increase in the amount of deformation. Therefore, the deformation amount for each rolling pass: the deformation in the initial stage is less than or equal to 10 percent; the deformation amount in the final stage is to prevent the generation of coarse grains, and the deformation amount can reach 30% of the critical deformation amount.
The rolling stage is very sensitive to the rolling temperature due to the formation of hot cracks in the copper-containing stainless steel,therefore, in order to prevent the rolling temperature from decreasing, a pulse current device is added for temperature compensation and rolling. The device is positioned in front of the roller, the temperature of the rolled piece is monitored by using an infrared thermometer, and when the temperature is not enough for rolling, the computer controls the pulse power supply to perform temperature compensation heating. Pulse current is led in from the plate blank far away from a rolling inlet through a copper conductive clamp provided with a graphite gasket, the frequency of the pulse current is 600 to 800Hz, the waveform is rectangular, the voltage is 120V, and the peak current is 200A/mm 2 Left and right sides, the rolling mill frame insulation is realized by a bearing seat ceramic insulation gasket
The introduction of a pulsed current makes rolling relatively easy. The pulse current promotes the movement of dislocation, thereby improving the plasticity of the material and reducing the deformation resistance; in terms of thermal effect, the introduction of pulse current raises the temperature of the material, enhances the atomic vibration and diffusion capacity, promotes the dynamic softening (recrystallization) effect of the deformed metal, weakens the work hardening phenomenon, and reduces the deformation resistance.
The manganese sulfide can refine ferrite grains, and products rolled by electro-plasticity have good quality, no oxide layer falling off, no cracks, uniform and fine plate tissues, improved hardness and tensile strength and excellent mechanical properties.
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
A copper-containing stainless steel with the structure shown in figure 1 is prepared by adopting the following method for controlling cracks of the copper-containing stainless steel, and comprises the following steps:
s0, regulating and controlling the components of the molten steel, controlling the contents of Mn and Ti in the molten steel according to the requirements of steel grades, and controlling 0.025wt% of S and 3.205wt% of Cu, wherein the components and the contents (wt%) of stainless steel are shown in the following table:
s1, hot charging and heating a casting blank, keeping a good reducing atmosphere in a heating furnace, wherein the charging temperature of the casting blank is Ar 1 The maximum heating temperature is 1250 ℃ below the temperature. The heating is divided into two stages:
when the temperature is lower than 1100 ℃, the heating speed is 3 ℃/min, and then the heat preservation is carried out for about 30 min;
when the temperature is more than or equal to 1100 ℃, the heating speed is 10 ℃/min, the integral heating time is controlled to be 200min, and then the rolling is carried out immediately without heat preservation.
S2, carrying out auxiliary rolling by pulse current temperature compensation, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 1230 ℃. Controlling initial and final deformation during rolling; controlling the initial deformation amount to be 10%; the final deformation amount is 25%; the frequency of the pulse current is 600Hz, and the voltage is 120V.
Example 2
The copper-containing stainless steel is prepared by adopting the following method for controlling the cracks of the copper-containing stainless steel, and comprises the following steps:
s0, regulating and controlling the components of the molten steel, controlling the contents of Mn and Ti in the molten steel according to the requirements of steel grades, and controlling 0.026wt% of S and 2.354wt% of Cu, and the components and the contents (wt%) of stainless steel are shown in the following table:
s1, hot charging and heating a casting blank, keeping a good reducing atmosphere in a heating furnace, wherein the charging temperature of the casting blank is Ar 1 The maximum heating temperature is 1250 ℃ below the temperature. The heating is divided into two stages:
when the temperature is lower than 1100 ℃, the heating speed is 3 ℃/min, and then the temperature is kept for about 30 min;
when the temperature is more than or equal to 1100 ℃, the heating speed is 10 ℃/min, the integral heating time is controlled to be 200min, and then the rolling is carried out immediately without heat preservation.
S2, carrying out auxiliary rolling by pulse current temperature compensation, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 1250 ℃. Controlling initial and final deformation during rolling; controlling the initial deformation amount to be 10%; the final deformation amount is 25%; the frequency of the pulse current is 700Hz, and the voltage is 100V.
Example 3
A copper-containing stainless steel is prepared by adopting the following method for controlling cracks of the copper-containing stainless steel, and comprises the following steps:
s0, regulating and controlling the components of the molten steel, controlling the contents of Mn and Ti in the molten steel according to the requirements of steel grades, and controlling 0.021wt% of S and 3.205wt% of Cu, wherein the components and the contents (wt%) of stainless steel are shown in the following table:
s1, hot charging and heating a casting blank, keeping a good reducing atmosphere in a heating furnace, wherein the charging temperature of the casting blank is Ar 1 The maximum heating temperature is 1250 ℃ below the temperature. The heating is divided into two stages:
when the temperature is lower than 1100 ℃, the heating speed is 3 ℃/min, and then the heat preservation is carried out for about 30 min;
when the temperature is more than or equal to 1100 ℃, the heating speed is 10 ℃/min, the integral heating time is controlled to be 200min, and then the rolling is carried out immediately without heat preservation.
S2, carrying out auxiliary rolling by pulse current temperature compensation, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 1220 ℃. Controlling initial and final deformation during rolling; controlling the initial deformation amount to be 10%; the final deformation amount is 25%; the frequency of the pulse current is 600Hz, and the voltage is 150V.
Comparative example 1
A copper-containing stainless steel is prepared by adopting the following method for controlling cracks of the copper-containing stainless steel, and comprises the following steps:
s0, regulating and controlling the components of the molten steel, controlling the contents of Mn and Ti in the molten steel according to the requirements of steel grades, and controlling 0.030wt% of S and 3.108wt% of Cu, and stainless steel components and the contents (wt%) thereof as shown in the following table:
s1, hot charging and heating a casting blank, keeping a good reducing atmosphere in a heating furnace, wherein the charging temperature of the casting blank is Ar 1 The maximum heating temperature is 1250 ℃ or below. The heating is divided into two stages:
when the temperature is lower than 1100 ℃, the heating speed is 3 ℃/min, and then the temperature is kept for about 30 min;
when the temperature is more than or equal to 1100 ℃, the heating speed is 10 ℃/min, the integral heating time is controlled to be 200min, and then the rolling is carried out immediately without heat preservation.
S2, carrying out temperature-supplementing auxiliary rolling by pulse current, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 1230 ℃, and the deformation is 33% during rolling; the frequency of the pulse current is 600Hz, and the voltage is 120V.
Comparative example 2
The copper-containing stainless steel is prepared by adopting the following method for controlling the cracks of the copper-containing stainless steel, and comprises the following steps:
s0, regulating and controlling the components of the molten steel, controlling the contents of Mn and Ti in the molten steel according to the requirements of steel grades, and controlling 0.043wt% of S, 2.303wt% of Cu, and stainless steel components and the contents (wt%) thereof as shown in the following table:
s1, hot charging and heating a casting blank, keeping a good reducing atmosphere in a heating furnace, wherein the charging temperature of the casting blank is Ar 1 The maximum heating temperature is 1250 ℃ below the temperature. The heating is divided into two stages:
when the temperature is lower than 1100 ℃, the heating speed is 3 ℃/min, and then the temperature is kept for about 30 min;
when the temperature is more than or equal to 1100 ℃, the heating speed is 10 ℃/min, the integral heating time is controlled to be 200min, and then the rolling is carried out immediately without heat preservation.
S2, carrying out temperature compensation auxiliary rolling by using pulse current, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 1230 ℃. Controlling initial and final deformation during rolling; controlling the initial deformation amount to be 10%; the final deformation amount is 25%; the frequency of the pulse current is 600Hz, and the voltage is 120V.
The properties of the stainless steels of the respective examples and comparative examples are shown in the following table
As can be seen from the above examples and comparative examples, the product prepared by the method of the invention has no crack defect, good quality and good mechanical property, the hardness is more than or equal to 150HV, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 710MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 60%; while comparative example 1, which has been rolled with a large deformation amount, cannot prevent the generation of coarse grains, comparative example 2 adjusts the contents of Mn, S, ti, and Cu, and excessive MnS does not need to be precipitated as heterogeneous nucleation cores of copper to form inclusions in the steel, affecting the quality of the product, finally resulting in crack defects on the surfaces of comparative examples 1-2, and inferior in hardness, tensile strength, and elongation to those of the examples of the present invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the content of the present specification or other related technical fields within the spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of controlling cracking in copper-containing stainless steel, comprising the steps of:
s1, casting blank hot charging and heating, wherein the charging temperature of the casting blank is controlled at the initial temperature Ar of austenite-pearlite transformation 1 Heating at a temperature below the temperature in a reducing atmosphere;
s2, carrying out temperature compensation auxiliary rolling by using pulse current, and controlling initial and final deformation during rolling.
2. The method for controlling cracks of copper-containing stainless steel according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 is preceded by:
s0, regulating and controlling the components of the molten steel, controlling the contents of Mn and Ti in the molten steel according to the requirements of steel grades, and controlling the S to be less than or equal to 0.04wt% and the Cu to be 0.02-6.00wt%.
3. The method for controlling cracks of copper-containing stainless steel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step S1, heating is divided into two stages:
when the temperature is lower than 1100 ℃, the heating speed is 3 to 5 ℃/min;
the heating speed is 8 to 10 ℃/min when the temperature is more than or equal to 1100 ℃.
4. The method for controlling cracks of copper-containing stainless steel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step S1, the overall heating time is controlled to be less than or equal to 200min, and then the rolling is immediately carried out without heat preservation.
5. The method for controlling cracks in copper-containing stainless steel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step S2, the initial deformation is controlled to be less than or equal to 10%.
6. The method for controlling cracks of copper-containing stainless steel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step S2, the final deformation is controlled to be less than or equal to 30%.
7. The method for controlling the cracks of the copper-containing stainless steel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step S2, the frequency of the pulse current is 600 to 800Hz, and the voltage is 100 to 150V.
8. The method for controlling the cracks of the copper-containing stainless steel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step S2, the rolling temperature is 1220 to 1250 ℃.
9. Stainless steel, characterized by being free of crack defects, produced by the method according to any one of claims 1-7.
10. The stainless steel according to claim 9, wherein the stainless steel has a hardness of 150HV or more, a tensile strength of 710MPa or more, and an elongation of 60% or more.
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