CN115608379B - Ultraviolet light-induced sulfur hybridization graphene catalytic material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Ultraviolet light-induced sulfur hybridization graphene catalytic material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN115608379B
CN115608379B CN202211285900.6A CN202211285900A CN115608379B CN 115608379 B CN115608379 B CN 115608379B CN 202211285900 A CN202211285900 A CN 202211285900A CN 115608379 B CN115608379 B CN 115608379B
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sulfur
ultraviolet light
graphene
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catalytic material
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CN115608379A (en
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张倩
洪俊明
陈思
胡腾飞
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Huaqiao University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/02—Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
    • B01J27/04—Sulfides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/20—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state
    • B01J35/23—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state in a colloidal state
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/33—Electric or magnetic properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/34—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation
    • B01J37/341—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation
    • B01J37/344—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation of electromagnetic wave energy
    • B01J37/345—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation of electromagnetic wave energy of ultraviolet wave energy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/308—Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/34—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C02F2101/345—Phenols

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Abstract

The invention discloses an ultraviolet light-induced sulfur hybridization graphene catalytic material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the thia-hybridized graphene catalytic material comprises the steps of exciting 50-200 mL/min carrier gas by 15-40W ultraviolet light source irradiation titanium dioxide, and then introducing graphene oxide, sulfur precursor and water, and carrying out low-temperature thermal annealing for 1-8 h at 150-400 ℃, wherein the edge-type thia-hybridized structure accounts for more than 65% of the total thia-hybridized structure. According to the invention, the synergistic effect of ultraviolet light source irradiation titanium dioxide excitation carrier gas activation and low-temperature annealing is utilized, and the edge type sulfur hybridization proportion with high catalytic activity is improved by regulating and controlling the ultraviolet light induction duration and the reaction temperature under proper reaction conditions, so that the hybridized graphene material has more excellent catalytic activity; the invention can reduce the energy consumption and operation safety of directional regulation of the catalytic material, is favorable for deeply exploring the catalytic action mechanism of the hybridized graphene material, and has important significance in theoretical research and popularization and application of the hybridized graphene material.

Description

Ultraviolet light-induced sulfur hybridization graphene catalytic material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of graphene catalysts, and particularly relates to an ultraviolet light-induced sulfur hybridization graphene catalytic material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Graphene, one of the most interesting materials in the new era, integrates the advantages of excellent conductivity, excellent mechanical strength, surprising chemical stability, unparalleled thinness and transparency. With continuous deep research, in order to widen the practical application prospect of graphene materials, improve the problems of easy aggregation, accumulation and the like of graphene, give play to the original characteristics of the materials, and the innovative materials based on graphene hybridization get more attention and become an emerging research hot spot. Among the many hybrid elements, sulfur is considered to be a more suitable dopant for graphene due to its similar properties to carbon. The electron distribution of graphene can be effectively regulated by introducing sulfur for graphene hybridization, the structure and element composition are changed, the physical and chemical properties of the graphene are regulated, and the bottleneck of the graphene material in practical application is solved, so that the application potential of the graphene material is released.
However, studies have shown that there are four types of sulfur atoms in sulfur hybridized graphene: sulfur adsorbed on the graphene surface replaces graphene carbon atoms in two different forms of sulfur or sulfur oxide, or connects two graphene sheets by forming a sulfur cluster ring. The level of sulfur hybridization and the configuration of sulfur have a significant impact on the electrochemical activity of the sulfur hybridized graphene material, with edge sulfur (C-SO X The structure of the-C) can effectively increase the active site of the graphene material in the electrocatalytic reaction, and is beneficial to the improvement of the catalytic performance of the material. In order to effectively regulate and control the doping configuration of sulfur, the traditional thermal annealing method can utilize high-temperature calcination to promote heteroatom doping, and is widely applied to the preparation of various hybrid graphene materials. The method can realize the adjustment of the doping type of the hetero atom by controlling the reaction temperature, but the preparation of the material with the optimal performance by using the thermal annealing generally needs higher calcination temperature>500 ℃ and higher energy consumption. To solve this problem, improvements in thermal annealing have been developed. In a plurality of treatment methods, the ultraviolet light induction developed by the invention has the advantages of simple and easy operation, controllable defect degree, low cost, high efficiency and the like. The free radical generated by ultraviolet light induction can attack the graphene and generate defects, which is helpful for doping hetero atoms and adjusting sulfur doping configuration. Therefore, the ultraviolet light induction method can be used for realizing the aim of preparing the material with high catalytic performance with low energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides an ultraviolet light-induced sulfur hybridization graphene catalytic material and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problem of high energy consumption of a thermal annealing method in the background art.
One of the technical schemes adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the preparation method of the ultraviolet light induced thia graphene catalytic material comprises the following steps:
and (3) exciting 50-200 mL/min carrier gas to generate an active intermediate by using 15-40W ultraviolet light source to irradiate titanium dioxide, and then introducing graphene oxide, sulfur precursor and water, and carrying out low-temperature thermal annealing for 1-8 h at 150-400 ℃ to obtain the ultraviolet light-induced sulfur hybridized graphene catalytic material.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, 80 to 90wt% graphene oxide, 1.50 to 5.00wt% sulfur precursor, and the balance water are introduced.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the titanium dioxide is irradiated by 20-35W ultraviolet light source to excite 80-150 mL/min carrier gas, 82-88 wt% of graphene oxide, 2.50-4.00 wt% of sulfur precursor and the balance of water are introduced, and low temperature thermal annealing is carried out for 2-6 h at 200-350 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the carrier gas is carbon monoxide or methane.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sulfur precursor is diphenyl disulfide or hexamercaptobenzene.
The second technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: provides an ultraviolet light-induced thia-graphene catalytic material, which is prepared by adopting the method.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an edge-type sulfur-hybridized graphene material is included.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the edge-type sulfur-hybridized structure accounts for 65wt% or more of the total sulfur-hybridized structure.
Compared with the background technology, the technical proposal has the following advantages:
(1) The invention generates CO and CH by ultraviolet light induced excitation carrier gas 3 ·- The active intermediate is then reacted with the graphene edge with higher electron density to form an activated graphene edge structure,the preparation method has the advantages of novel preparation route, simple and easy operation, high sulfur hybridization controllability, low energy consumption and high efficiency, regulates and controls the load quantity and load form of sulfur atoms under proper reaction conditions, improves the edge type sulfur hybridization proportion with high catalytic activity, and provides an important technical means for promoting the electrocatalytic efficiency of the hybridization material and deeply researching the heteroatom action principle.
(2) The ultraviolet light induced edge type sulfur hybridization graphene catalytic material has good electrocatalytic activity under normal temperature and normal pressure.
(3) The invention can expand the practical application prospect of the material in the catalytic industry, is helpful for in-depth exploration of the catalytic action mechanism of the hybrid graphene material, and has important significance in theoretical research and popularization and application of the hybrid graphene material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a transmission electron microscope image of an example UV-induced edge-type thia-graphene catalytic material.
FIG. 2 is an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of an ultraviolet light-induced edge-type thia-graphene catalytic material in an example.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the efficiency of the graphene catalytic material and graphene catalyst material to degrade bisphenol a in the examples and comparative examples.
Fig. 4 is an efficiency graph of degradation of dye methyl orange and active black 5 by the uv-induced edge-type sulfur hybridized graphene catalytic material in the examples.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
The invention relates to an ultraviolet light induced thia graphene catalytic material, which utilizes the synergistic effect of ultraviolet light induced process for activating and annealing at low temperature by exciting carrier gas by irradiating titanium dioxide with ultraviolet light source 3 The intermediate is a compound of the formula II,the generated active intermediate is then reacted with graphene edges with higher electron density to form an activated graphene edge structure, so that more sulfur atoms are obtained to be doped in the graphene structure in an edge hybridization mode.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials: 80-90 wt% of graphene oxide, 1.50-5.00 wt% of sulfur precursor and the balance of water;
(2) Irradiating the titanium dioxide assembly with a carrier gas via an ultraviolet light source: the titanium dioxide is irradiated by a 15W to 40W ultraviolet light source to excite 50mL/min to 200mL/min carrier gas;
(3) And (3) introducing the excitation carrier gas obtained in the step (2) into the mixture obtained in the step (1), and carrying out low-temperature thermal annealing for 1-8 h at 150-400 ℃ to obtain the ultraviolet light-induced sulfur hybridized graphene catalytic material, wherein the edge type sulfur hybridized structure accounts for more than 65% of the total sulfur hybridized structure.
The sulfur precursor is diphenyl disulfide or hexamercapto benzene.
Examples
The ultraviolet light induced edge type sulfur hybridization graphene catalytic material specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials: 85wt% of graphene oxide, 2.0wt% of diphenyl disulfide and the balance of water;
(2) Irradiating the titanium dioxide component with carbon monoxide carrier gas through an ultraviolet light source;
(3) And (3) introducing the excitation carrier gas obtained in the step (2) into the mixture obtained in the step (1), and carrying out low-temperature thermal annealing at 1200 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain the ultraviolet light-induced edge-type sulfur hybridized graphene catalytic material.
The microscopic morphology of the ultraviolet light induced edge type sulfur hybridization graphene material is shown in fig. 1, and the analysis of the edge type sulfur hybridization morphology in the ultraviolet light induced edge type sulfur hybridization graphene material is shown in fig. 2. As shown in fig. 1, the hybrid material exhibits a typical disordered carbon structure and a stacked two-dimensional (2D) nanoplatelet morphology. FIG. 2 is a S2 p spectrum in which an ultraviolet light induced edge type sulfur hybrid graphene material is located at a peak at 169.0eV and an edge sulfur C-SO X C is related and the peak at 163.9eV is related to the central sulfur C-S-C. The hybrid material prepared by the invention adopts edge sulfur C-SO X -C is the dominant morphology (66.67%).
Comparative example
The comparative example differs from the example in that: the conventional thermal annealing method at 200 ℃, 400 ℃ and 600 ℃ is adopted respectively.
The ultraviolet light-induced edge type sulfur hybridization graphene catalytic material prepared in the embodiment is subjected to electrocatalytic activity test:
electrocatalytically degraded bisphenol a (BPA) was tested using a potentiostat.
BPA is used as a target pollutant, and the material performance is judged according to the electrocatalytic oxidative degradation effect. Coating 4mg of thia-hybridized graphene on 2cm multiplied by 2cm carbon cloth by using conductive adhesive, and taking the dried carbon cloth as an anode; taking a copper sheet with the length of 8cm multiplied by 2cm as a cathode; the distance between the two is controlled to be 1cm, a constant potential current meter (Shanghai's day) of DJS-292B is used for adjusting the external current, 1g/L NaCl is used as electrolyte, 200mL of 10mg/L BPA solution is degraded in a 250mL beaker, and a magnetic stirrer is used for keeping the solution uniformly stirred in the whole process. The potentiostat switch was turned on and 1mL of water sample was taken over the set time period and added to a 2mL centrifuge tube that had been filled with 1mL of methanol quencher. The well mixed liquid was filtered for impurities using a 0.22 μm filter head, and the BPA content of the filtered liquid was measured using an actyarc high performance liquid chromatograph (wattsu, usa).
And performing electrocatalytic activity test on the ultraviolet light-induced edge type sulfur hybridized graphene material to respectively obtain an efficiency map of degrading BPA of the ultraviolet light-induced edge type sulfur hybridized graphene catalytic material in FIG. 3 and an efficiency map of degrading dye of the ultraviolet light-induced edge type sulfur hybridized graphene catalytic material in FIG. 4. As can be seen from fig. 3, when the ultraviolet light-induced edge type sulfur hybridized graphene is adopted, the degradation effect of BPA is obviously better than that of the catalyst and the graphene prepared by the traditional thermal annealing method. The degradation efficiency of the dye of FIG. 4 (methyl orange, reactive black 5) can reach 60-80%, slightly lower than the catalytic efficiency for BPA. Ultraviolet light induces hybridization of edge type sulfur to obviously improve the removal rate of BPA and dye, which illustrates the important effect of the hybridization of the edge type sulfur.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A preparation method of an ultraviolet light induced thia graphene catalytic material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
after titanium dioxide is irradiated by a 15-40W ultraviolet light source to excite 50-200 mL/min carrier gas to generate an active intermediate, graphene oxide, a sulfur precursor and water are introduced, and low-temperature thermal annealing is performed for 1-8 hours at 150-400 ℃ to obtain an ultraviolet light-induced sulfur hybridized graphene catalytic material; the carrier gas is carbon monoxide or methane, and the sulfur precursor is diphenyl disulfide or hexamercapto benzene; the reactive intermediate comprises CO or CH 3 -an intermediate;
the prepared ultraviolet light-induced sulfur hybridized graphene catalytic material comprises an edge type sulfur hybridized graphene material; the edge type sulfur hybridized structure accounts for more than 65 weight percent of the total sulfur hybridized structure.
2. The method for preparing the ultraviolet light induced sulfur hybridized graphene catalytic material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) introducing 80-90 wt% of graphene oxide, 1.50-5.00 wt% of sulfur precursor and the balance of water.
3. The method for preparing the ultraviolet light induced sulfur hybridized graphene catalytic material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) irradiating titanium dioxide by using a 20-35W ultraviolet light source to excite carrier gas with a concentration of 80-150 mL/min.
4. The method for preparing the ultraviolet light induced sulfur hybridized graphene catalytic material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) introducing 82-88 wt% of graphene oxide, 2.50-4.00 wt% of sulfur precursor and the balance of water.
5. The method for preparing the ultraviolet light induced sulfur hybridized graphene catalytic material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) low-temperature thermal annealing at 200-350 ℃ for 2-6 h.
6. An ultraviolet light induced thia-graphene catalytic material, characterized in that: the method of any one of claims 1-5.
CN202211285900.6A 2022-10-20 2022-10-20 Ultraviolet light-induced sulfur hybridization graphene catalytic material and preparation method thereof Active CN115608379B (en)

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