CN115603491A - Vertical rotor cooling structure, motor and compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of compressors and discloses a rotor cooling structure, a motor and a compressor. The rotor cooling structure comprises a shell, a first via hole and a second via hole, wherein a refrigerant is arranged at the bottom of the shell, the lower end of the rotor is arranged in the refrigerant, the first via hole is vertically arranged in the rotor along the axial direction of the rotor and penetrates through the lower end face of the rotor, the second via hole is radially arranged on the upper portion of the rotor along the radial direction of the rotor and penetrates through the circumferential face of the rotor, and the second via hole is communicated with the first via hole. The rotor cooling structure has good heat dissipation effect and can ensure the stability of the rotor during high-speed operation. The motor of the invention can ensure good heat dissipation effect and stable rotation when running at high speed by arranging the rotor cooling structure. The compressor provided by the invention has the advantages that the motor is arranged, the heat dissipation effect is good, and the work is stable.

Description

Vertical rotor cooling structure, motor and compressor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of compressors, in particular to a rotor cooling structure, a motor and a compressor.

Background

The compressor comprises a motor and a pneumatic part, wherein the motor transmits high-speed rotation motion to an execution component of the pneumatic part, so that the pneumatic part converts sucked low-pressure gas into high-pressure gas and outputs the high-pressure gas. The motor used by the magnetic suspension compressor is a magnetic suspension motor, and the stator and the rotor of the magnetic suspension motor are in a non-contact and oil-free operation mode, so that the magnetic suspension compressor has the advantages of high efficiency and energy saving, and the further speed increase is the development trend of the magnetic suspension motor.

However, as the rotation speed of the magnetic suspension motor increases, the rotor (and moving components such as the thrust disc) rubs with the gas in the cavity during the high-speed rotation process, and generates a great amount of heat, in the prior art, in order to improve the heat dissipation effect, the following two methods are adopted: 1. the velocity of the gas fluid in the gap between the rotor and the stator is increased. However, the gap between the stator and the rotor is small, and even if the gas flow speed is increased, it is difficult to meet the high heat dissipation requirement. 2. Liquid refrigerant (substance which has low boiling point, is easy to absorb heat and change into gas and is easy to release heat and change into liquid) is directly sprayed into the gap between the stator and the rotor. In this way, the refrigerant is expanded by heat and boiled in the narrow gap, and the changes affect the stability of the operation of the motor.

Therefore, a rotor cooling structure, a motor and a compressor are needed to solve the above technical problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The first purpose of the invention is to provide a rotor cooling structure which has a good heat dissipation effect and can ensure the stability of a rotor during high-speed operation.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a motor, which can ensure a good heat dissipation effect even in a high-speed operation and can rotate stably by providing the above-described rotor cooling structure.

The third purpose of the invention is to provide a compressor, which has good heat dissipation effect and stable operation by arranging the motor.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a rotor cooling structure comprising:

the rotor comprises a shell, wherein a refrigerant is arranged at the bottom of the shell, and the lower end of the rotor is arranged in the refrigerant;

the first through hole is vertically arranged in the rotor along the axial direction of the rotor and penetrates through the lower end face of the rotor;

and the second through hole is formed in the upper part of the rotor in the radial direction of the rotor and penetrates through the circumferential surface of the rotor, and the second through hole is communicated with the first through hole.

Optionally, the rotor includes a rotating shaft and a thrust disk, the thrust disk is disposed on the upper portion of the rotating shaft, the diameter of the thrust disk is greater than that of the rotating shaft, the first via hole is disposed in the rotating shaft and extends to the thrust disk, and the second via hole is disposed in the thrust disk.

Optionally, at least two second through holes are formed in the rotor and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor.

Optionally, the extending path of the second via is an arc; or the extending path of the second via hole is a broken line.

Optionally, the axis of the first via is collinear with the axis of rotation of the rotor.

Alternatively, the housing includes a body portion and an accommodation groove portion recessed in a lower end of the body portion, and the lower end of the rotor extends into the accommodation groove portion.

Optionally, a liquid inlet for introducing the refrigerant into the housing is formed in the housing, and the liquid inlet is configured to be opposite to the stator.

Optionally, the housing is provided with an overflow port, and the height of the overflow port is lower than the lowest point of the stator.

The utility model provides a motor, includes stator, rotor and rotor cooling structure, the rotor rotationally support in the casing, the stator cover is established the rotor is located second via hole below.

A compressor comprises the motor.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the rotor cooling structure, in the working process of the rotor, gas in the second through hole arranged along the radial direction generates negative pressure under the action of centrifugal force, so that a refrigerant at the bottom of the shell can be sucked from the first through hole and thrown out of the peripheral surface of the thrust plate through the second through hole, the rotor can be fully cooled in the flowing process of the refrigerant in the first through hole and the second through hole, the high cooling requirement is met, meanwhile, the refrigerant does not pass through a narrow gap between the stator and the rotor, is cooled in the rotor, and the stability of the rotor in the high-speed rotating process can be guaranteed.

According to the motor, the rotor cooling structure is arranged, so that the high cooling requirement in the high-speed running process can be met, the stability of the running process can be ensured, and the speed-up requirement of the motor can be further met.

The compressor provided by the invention has the advantages that the cooling effect is good and the operation is stable by arranging the motor.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a thrust plate provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a thrust disk and rotor provided in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a top view of fig. 3.

In the figure:

1-a shell; 11-a body portion; 111-a liquid inlet; 112-overflow port; 113-an exhaust port; 12-a receiving slot portion;

2-a stator;

3-a rotor; 31-a rotating shaft; 311-a first via; 312-upper subsection; 313-lower section; 32-a thrust disk; 321-a second via; 3211-a first bore section; 3212-a second pore section; 322-upper half of the disc; 323-lower half disc;

4-a radial bearing;

5-axial bearing.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of them.

In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the recitation of a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature may include the recitation of the first and second features being in direct contact, and may also include the recitation that the first and second features are not in direct contact, but are in contact via another feature between them. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are used in an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.

The embodiment provides a rotor cooling structure, a motor and a compressor, wherein the compressor comprises the motor and a pneumatic part, the pneumatic part comprises an impeller, a volute, a supercharger and guide vanes, and the motor can drive the impeller to rotate at a high speed, so that low-pressure gas sucked into the volute is compressed into high-pressure gas to be output. The motor comprises a stator 2, a rotor 3 and a rotor cooling structure, and the rotor cooling structure is particularly suitable for a contactless oil-free magnetic suspension type motor between the stator 2 and the rotor 3. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the rotor cooling structure includes a housing 1, a first via hole 311 and a second via hole 321, a refrigerant is disposed at the bottom of the housing 1, the rotor 3 is rotatably disposed in the housing 1, and the lower end of the rotor is disposed in the refrigerant, the first via hole 311 is vertically disposed in the rotor 3 along the axial direction of the rotor 3 and penetrates through the lower end surface of the rotor 3, the second via hole 321 is radially disposed on the upper portion of the rotor 3 along the radial direction of the rotor 3 and penetrates through the circumferential surface of the rotor 3, the second via hole 321 is communicated with the first via hole 311, the stator 2 is sleeved on the rotor 3 and is fixed in the housing 1, and the stator 2 is located below the second via hole 321. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the second through hole 321 extends along the radial direction of the rotor 3, and the second through hole 321 extends from the central position of the rotor 3 to the circumferential surface thereof in any track.

The rotor cooling structure of this embodiment, in rotor 3 working process, the gaseous negative pressure that produces under the effect of centrifugal force along the interior second via hole 321 that radially sets up, thereby can inhale the refrigerant of casing 1 bottom from first via hole 311, and throw away on the global from thrust disc 32 through second via hole 321, the refrigerant can fully cool down rotor 3 at the flow process of first via hole 311 and second via hole 321, in order to satisfy higher cooling demand, the refrigerant does not pass through the narrow and small clearance between stator 2 and the rotor 3 simultaneously, but cools down in rotor 3's inside, thereby can guarantee rotor 3 at the stability of high-speed rotation in-process. The motor of this embodiment through setting up foretell rotor cooling structure, not only can satisfy the higher cooling demand in high operation process, can also guarantee the stability of operation process, and then satisfies the speed-up demand of motor. The compressor of this embodiment, through setting up foretell motor, cooling is effectual, and the operation is stable.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the rotor 3 includes a rotating shaft 31 and a thrust disk 32, the thrust disk 32 is connected to an upper portion of the rotating shaft 31 to be located on an upper side of the stator 2, a diameter of the thrust disk 32 is greater than a diameter of the rotating shaft 31, the motor includes two axial bearings 5 and two radial bearings 4, wherein the two radial bearings 4 are respectively sleeved on the rotating shaft 31 and are respectively located on upper and lower sides of the stator 2, the two axial bearings 5 are respectively sleeved on the rotor 3 and are respectively located on upper and lower sides of the thrust disk 32, and the radial bearings 4 and the axial bearings 5 can respectively provide radial support and axial support for the rotor 3, so that the rotor can stably rotate in the housing 1. The diameter of the thrust disk 32 is larger than that of the rotating shaft 31, so that the thrust disk not only cooperates with the axial bearing 5, but also reduces the occurrence of splashing of the refrigerant thrown out of the second through hole 321 to the gap between the stator 2 and the rotor 3. Preferably, the diameter of the thrust disk 32 is not smaller than the diameter of the stator 2, so as to further ensure that the refrigerant discharged from the second through hole 321 does not flow between the stator 2 and the rotor 3. Further, the first via hole 311 is disposed in the rotating shaft 31 and extends to the thrust disk 32, the second via hole 321 is disposed in the thrust disk 32, and the thrust disk 32 and the rotating shaft 31 are integrally formed, so that the first via hole 311 and the second via hole 321 can be directly communicated, a gap is not generated at a connection position, and a liquid passing channel formed by the first via hole 311 and the second via hole 321 is ensured to have good sealing performance.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, an axis of the first through hole 311 is collinear with a rotation axis of the rotor 3, so when the refrigerant passes through the first through hole 311, it can be ensured that a center of gravity of the rotor 3 coincides with the rotation axis, thereby ensuring rotation balance of the rotor 3, and improving running stability of the motor.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, at least two second through holes 321 are provided on the thrust disk 32, and the at least two second through holes 321 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the thrust disk 32, so that the center of gravity of the entire thrust disk 32 is maintained in a state of being overlapped with the rotation axis of the rotor 3 during the flowing process of the thrust disk 32, thereby further ensuring the stability of the motor during the rotation process. Specifically, in the present embodiment, two second through holes 321 are provided in the thrust disk 32, and in other embodiments, three or four through holes may also be provided in the thrust disk 32, which is not limited herein.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the extending path of the second via hole 321 is a polygonal line, and compared to the straight path, the polygonal line can buffer and reduce the speed of the refrigerant discharged from the second via hole 321, so as to reduce the linear speed of the refrigerant discharged from the second via hole 321, so as to reduce the reverse impact force of the refrigerant thrown out by the thrust disk 32 on the thrust disk 32 and the impact force of other structures such as the housing 1, and further improve the stability of the motor in the operation process. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the second via hole 321 includes a first hole segment 3211 and a second hole segment 3212 that are arranged in an intersecting manner, both the first hole segment 3211 and the second hole segment 3212 are linear hole segments, the first hole segment 3211 coincides with a radius of the thrust disk 32, both ends of the first hole segment and the second hole segment 3212 are respectively communicated with the first via hole 311 and the second hole segment 3212, the second hole segment 3212 extends to a circumferential surface of the thrust disk 32, and a flow path of a refrigerant flows from a rear line of the first via hole 311 to the first hole segment 3211, and then flows out of the rotor 3 through the second hole segment 3212.

Specifically, when the second via hole 321 is processed, a first hole is firstly drilled on the circumferential surface of the thrust disk 32 in the radial direction, and the first hole passes through the center of the thrust disk 32 so as to be communicated with the first via hole 311, then, a second hole segment 3212 is drilled at other positions on the circumferential surface of the thrust disk 32 in the non-radial direction, so that the second hole segment 3212 is communicated with the first hole in an intersecting manner, at this time, one end of the first hole close to the circumferential surface of the thrust disk 32 is blocked by a screw or a pin, and the first hole (i.e., the first hole segment 3211) which is not blocked and the second hole segment 3212 jointly form the second via hole 321 which is folded in a linear shape. It should be noted that, in an actual implementation process, the suction force of the entire liquid passing channel and the linear velocity of the refrigerant discharged from the second through hole 321 may be adjusted and optimized by changing the inclination angle of the second hole segment 3212, so as to meet different usage requirements, and therefore, the specific angle of the second hole segment 3212 is not limited herein.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the housing 1 includes a body portion 11 and an accommodating groove portion 12, the accommodating groove portion 12 is concavely disposed at a lower end of the body portion 11, the stator 2, the radial bearing 4 and the axial bearing 5 are disposed in the body portion 11, a lower end of the rotating shaft 31 extends into the accommodating groove portion 12, and a cooling medium is located in the accommodating groove portion 12 to ensure that a lower end of the first through hole 311 can be always immersed by the cooling medium. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the accommodating groove portion 12 is smaller than that of the body portion 11, which is further advantageous for ensuring that the lower end of the first via hole 311 is submerged in the refrigerant. Of course, in other embodiments, the housing 1 may not be segmented but may be a cylinder with a constant cross-sectional area, and the configuration may be as required.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the casing 1 is provided with a liquid inlet 111 for introducing a refrigerant into the casing 1, and the liquid inlet 111 is disposed on the main body 11 and opposite to the stator 2, so that the liquid refrigerant will contact the stator 2 after entering the casing 1, and the stator 2 is cooled to a certain extent and then falls to the bottom of the casing 1 (i.e., the accommodating groove 12) to be sucked by the first through hole 311. In other embodiments, the liquid inlet 111 may be disposed in the accommodating groove 12, and is not limited in particular.

Further, the upper end of the main body 11 is provided with an air outlet 113, after the refrigerant is discharged from the second through hole 321, a part of the refrigerant which is not gasified is collected in the accommodating groove 12 along the inner wall of the housing 1, and a part of the refrigerant is gasified due to the temperature rise, and the gasified refrigerant can be discharged from the air outlet 113, so that the air pressure in the housing 1 is ensured to be stable, and the normal operation of the motor is ensured. It should be noted that, a collecting structure is disposed outside the housing 1, and the collecting structure can collect the gasified refrigerant discharged from the gas outlet 113, and cool and liquefy the collected gaseous refrigerant and then introduce the refrigerant into the housing 1 from the liquid inlet 111, so as to realize recycling of the refrigerant.

Preferably, the body 11 of the casing 1 is provided with an overflow port 112, the height of the overflow port 112 is lower than the lowest point of the stator 2, when the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant in the casing 1 rises, the liquid refrigerant is discharged from the overflow port 112, and the refrigerant is prevented from entering into the gap between the stator 2 and the rotor 3. Of course, the refrigerant discharged from the overflow port 112 may be communicated to the collecting structure to be collected, so that the refrigerant is recycled.

Example two

The present embodiment also provides a liquid cooling structure, a motor and a compressor, the motor includes a stator 2, a rotor 3, a rotor cooling structure, a radial bearing 4 and an axial bearing 5, the inventive concept of the present embodiment and the arrangement structure of the housing 1, the stator 2, the radial bearing 4 and the axial bearing 5 are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again, and the difference lies in the arrangement manner of the rotor 3 and the second via hole 321, specifically:

as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the extending path of the second via hole 321 is an arc, and the arrangement manner of the arc makes the flow of the refrigerant in the second via hole 321 smoother, and also can further reduce the linear velocity of the refrigerant when the refrigerant is discharged out of the thrust disk 32, reduce the reverse impact force of the refrigerant on the thrust disk 32 and the impact force on other structures such as the housing 1, and make the operation process of the motor more stable and stable. In this embodiment, the second via hole 321 is a semicircular hole, and in other embodiments, the radian of the second via hole 321 is not specifically limited, and may be appropriately selected as needed. Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, a tangential direction of one end of the second through hole 321 close to the circumferential surface of the thrust disc 32 is an a direction (i.e., a discharge direction of the refrigerant), and a linear velocity direction at an outlet of the second through hole 321 is a B direction during rotation of the rotor 3, an included angle between the a direction and the B direction is α, and α is an obtuse angle, so that the linear velocity of the refrigerant discharged from the second through hole 321 is further reduced.

Specifically, in order to implement the processing of the circular arc-shaped second through hole 321, as shown in fig. 3, the rotor 3 is a split structure, wherein the rotating shaft 31 includes an upper part 312 and a lower part 313, the thrust plate 32 includes an upper half disc 322 and a lower half disc 323, wherein the upper part 312 of the rotating shaft 31 and the upper half disc 322 of the thrust plate 32 are integrally formed, the lower part 313 of the rotating shaft 31 and the lower half disc 323 of the thrust plate 32 are integrally formed, the lower surface of the upper half disc 322 is provided with a plurality of semicircular half grooves, the upper surface of the lower half disc 323 is also provided with a corresponding number of semicircular half grooves, when the upper half disc 322 and the lower half disc 323 are fastened and fixedly connected, the complete rotor 3 is formed, and at this time, the half grooves on the upper half disc 322 and the half grooves on the lower half disc 323 are correspondingly fastened into a plurality of second through holes 321. Optionally, the upper half disc 322 and the lower half disc 323 can be fixedly connected by a fastener or welded, and a specific connection manner of the upper half disc 322 and the lower half disc 323 is not limited on the premise of ensuring the sealing property of the second through hole 321.

It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limitations of the embodiments of the present invention, but may be modified in various embodiments and applications by those skilled in the art according to the spirit of the present invention, and the content of the present description should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A rotor cooling structure, comprising:

the cooling device comprises a shell (1), wherein a refrigerant is arranged at the bottom of the shell (1), and the lower end of a rotor (3) is arranged in the refrigerant;

the first through hole (311) is vertically arranged in the rotor (3) along the axial direction of the rotor (3) and penetrates through the lower end face of the rotor (3);

and the second through hole (321) is formed in the upper part of the rotor (3) along the radial direction of the rotor (3) and penetrates through the circumferential surface of the rotor (3), and the second through hole (321) is communicated with the first through hole (311).

2. The rotor cooling structure according to claim 1, wherein the rotor (3) includes a rotating shaft (31) and a thrust disk (32), the thrust disk (32) is disposed at an upper portion of the rotating shaft (31), and a diameter of the thrust disk (32) is larger than a diameter of the rotating shaft (31), the first through hole (311) is disposed in the rotating shaft (31) and extends to the thrust disk (32), and the second through hole (321) is disposed in the thrust disk (32).

3. The rotor cooling structure according to claim 1, wherein at least two second through holes (321) are provided in the rotor (3), and at least two second through holes (321) are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the rotor (3).

4. The rotor cooling structure according to claim 1, wherein the extension path of the second via hole (321) is an arc line; or the extending path of the second via hole (321) is a broken line.

5. A rotor cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of the first through hole (311) is collinear with the axis of rotation of the rotor (3).

6. A rotor cooling structure according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the housing (1) comprises a body portion (11) and a receiving groove portion (12), the receiving groove portion (12) being recessed in a lower end of the body portion (11), the lower end of the rotor (3) extending into the receiving groove portion (12).

7. A rotor cooling structure according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the housing (1) is provided with a liquid inlet (111) for introducing the cooling medium into the housing (1), and the liquid inlet (111) is arranged opposite to the stator (2).

8. Rotor cooling according to any of claims 1-5, characterised in that an overflow (112) is provided in the housing (1), the level of the overflow (112) being lower than the lowest point of the stator (2).

9. An electrical machine, characterized by comprising a stator (2), a rotor (3) and the rotor cooling structure of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the rotor (3) is rotatably supported in the housing (1), and the stator (2) is sleeved on the rotor (3) and located below the second through hole (321).

10. A compressor comprising the motor of claim 9.

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