CN115603022B - UHF frequency band ultra-wideband high-power radio frequency power coupler - Google Patents
UHF frequency band ultra-wideband high-power radio frequency power coupler Download PDFInfo
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- CN115603022B CN115603022B CN202211524126.XA CN202211524126A CN115603022B CN 115603022 B CN115603022 B CN 115603022B CN 202211524126 A CN202211524126 A CN 202211524126A CN 115603022 B CN115603022 B CN 115603022B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
- H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
- H01P5/184—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers the guides being strip lines or microstrips
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a UHF frequency band ultra-wideband high-power radio frequency power coupler, and belongs to the technical field of radio frequency coupling. The coupler comprises a microstrip coupling straight-through microstrip line, a coupling microstrip line, an interdigital coupling structure, a first amplitude equalizer, a second amplitude equalizer, a first attenuator and a second attenuator, wherein the microstrip coupling straight-through microstrip line is provided with a UHF frequency band radio frequency signal input port and a radio frequency signal output port, the coupling microstrip line is provided with a forward coupling port and a reverse coupling port, the microstrip coupling straight-through microstrip line and the coupling microstrip line are coupled through the interdigital coupling structure, the forward coupling port is connected with the input end of the first attenuator through the first amplitude equalizer, and the reverse coupling port is connected with the input end of the second attenuator through the second amplitude equalizer. The coupler adopts a structure combining a microstrip coupling mode and lumped parameter elements, so that the size of the coupler is reduced while high power is kept.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radio frequency coupling, and particularly relates to a UHF frequency band ultra-wideband high-power radio frequency power coupler.
Background
The field of radio frequency in the twenty-first century is rapidly developed, and with the rapid development of UHF-band terrestrial digital communication and satellite communication, more and more UHF-band radio frequency applications are developed. At the end of the transmitting part inside the rf application product, a directional coupler with high output power and high flatness is often required for outputting a signal acquisition and detection circuit. The detector circuit is widely applied to important circuits such as closed-loop power control and output standing wave mismatch protection. With the increasingly prominent miniaturization requirement of electronic product development, the requirements on power capacity and working bandwidth are increasing, and it is difficult to find a device-level radio frequency directional coupler in the market at present, where the working bandwidth covers the whole UHF band (300 MHz-3000 MHz) and the radio frequency power capacity reaches about 250 watts, so that a high-power, wide-band and high-flatness radio frequency directional coupler is increasingly required in the development of radio frequency products in the UHF band.
At present, the main broadband directional coupler in the market adopts a multi-section coupling mode, realizes the power coupling function of a broadband, and can ensure that the performance index of the broadband directional coupler meets the requirements of a customized project. Due to the structural limitation, the coupler is often large in size with the capability of passing high power, small in size and incapable of passing high power, and if the required indexes meet the requirement of wider working bandwidth, the size of the circuit is correspondingly increased, so that the coupler runs counter to the direction of miniaturization design. In addition, broadband high-power directional coupler devices in the market have a certain price, and the development cost of related radio frequency projects is increased invisibly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a UHF frequency band ultra-wideband high-power radio frequency power coupler.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a UHF frequency band ultra-wideband high-power radio frequency power coupler comprises a microstrip coupling straight-through microstrip line, a coupling microstrip line, an interdigital coupling structure, a first amplitude equalizer, a second amplitude equalizer, a first attenuator and a second attenuator, wherein the microstrip coupling straight-through microstrip line is provided with a UHF frequency band radio frequency signal input port and a radio frequency signal output port, the coupling microstrip line is provided with a forward coupling port and a reverse coupling port, the microstrip coupling straight-through microstrip line and the coupling microstrip line are coupled through the interdigital coupling structure, the forward coupling port is connected with the input end of the first amplitude equalizer, the output end of the first amplitude equalizer is connected with the input end of the first attenuator, the reverse coupling port is connected with the input end of the second amplitude equalizer, and the output end of the second amplitude equalizer is connected with the input end of the second attenuator.
Further, the first amplitude equalizer is identical to the second amplitude equalizer in structure, and the first amplitude equalizer includes a resistor R107, a resistor R109, a resistor R111, a resistor R113, a resistor R115, a resistor R117, a resistor R119, a resistor R121, a resistor R123, a resistor R125, a resistor R127, a capacitor C100, a capacitor C102, a capacitor C104, a capacitor C106, a capacitor C108, an inductor L100, an inductor L102, an inductor L104, an inductor L106, and an inductor L108; the first end of the inductor L100 is used as an input end of a first amplitude equalizer, the first end of the resistor R107, the first end of the resistor R109, and the first end of the capacitor C100 are all connected to the first end of the inductor L100, the second end of the capacitor C100, the first end of the capacitor C102, the second end of the resistor R109, the first end of the resistor R111, the first end of the resistor R113, and the first end of the inductor L102 are all connected to the second end of the inductor L100, the second end of the capacitor C102, the first end of the capacitor C104, the second end of the resistor R113, the first end of the resistor R115, the first end of the resistor R117, and the first end of the inductor L104 are all connected to the second end of the inductor L102, the second end of the capacitor C104, the first end of the capacitor C106, the second end of the resistor R117, the first end of the resistor R119, the first end of the resistor R121, and the first end of the inductor L106 are all connected to the second end of the inductor L104, the second end of the capacitor C106, the first end of the capacitor C108, the second end of the resistor R121, the first end of the resistor R123, the first end of the resistor R125, and the first end of the inductor L108 are all connected to the second end of the inductor L106, the second end of the capacitor C108, the second end of the resistor R125, and the first end of the resistor R127 are all connected to the second end of the inductor L108, the second end of the inductor L108 serves as an output end of the first amplitude equalizer, and the second end of the resistor R107, the second end of the resistor R111, the second end of the resistor R115, the second end of the resistor R119, the second end of the resistor R123, and the second end of the resistor R127 are all grounded.
Further, the first attenuator and the second attenuator have the same structure, the first attenuator includes a resistor R101, a resistor R102, and a resistor R103, a first end of the resistor R102 is used as an input end of the first attenuator, a second end of the resistor R102 is used as an output end of the second attenuator, a first end of the resistor R101 is connected to the first end of the resistor R102, a second end of the resistor R101 is grounded, a first end of the resistor R103 is connected to the second end of the resistor R102, and a second end of the resistor R103 is grounded.
Furthermore, the depth of the interdigital coupling structure is 0mm, the length of the interdigital coupling structure is 0.32mm-0.38mm, the distance between the interdigital of the interdigital coupling structure is 0.15mm-0.21mm, the number of the interdigital coupling structure is 21 pairs, and the depth of the interdigital is the depth of the corresponding concave structure embedded in the interdigital coupling structure.
Furthermore, the structural sizes of the microstrip coupling straight-through microstrip line and the coupling microstrip line are both 21mm × 6mm.
Further, the distance between the microstrip coupling straight-through microstrip line and the coupling microstrip line is 0.6mm.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
(1) The coupler adopts a structure combining a micro-strip coupling mode and lumped parameter elements, the size of the coupler is reduced while high power is maintained, the size of the coupler can be within 32mm multiplied by 17mm, 250W continuous wave radio frequency power which can maximally pass through a 300 MHz-3000 MHz working frequency band is actually measured, the coupler has directivity of more than-11 dBc, the flatness in the band is less than or equal to +/-1.5 dB, the insertion loss in the band is less than or equal to 0.3dB, the index is completely suitable for developing radio frequency products in the frequency band, and the coupler is superior to most of the circuits of the same type in size, working bandwidth and power capacity at present;
(2) The coupler can be directly arranged on a PCB circuit board, so that the cost for purchasing an external coupling device is saved;
(3) The working bandwidth of the coupler is the whole UHF wave band (300 MHz-3000 MHz), the volume is smaller than that of products with narrower working bandwidth on the market, the power of radio frequency signals of in-band continuous waves can reach 250 watts and is not lower than that of the same type broadband coupler on the market, and due to the circuit structure of micro-strips and resistance-capacitance inductance, the production with extremely low cost can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coupler according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the final circuit PCB layout of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a first amplitude equalizer and a first attenuator in the present invention;
in the figure, a 1-UHF frequency band radio frequency signal input port, a 2-radio frequency signal output port, a 3-forward coupling port, a 4-backward coupling port, a 5-microstrip coupling straight-through microstrip line, a 6-coupling microstrip line and a 7-interdigital coupling structure are arranged.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, the present embodiment provides an ultra-wideband high-power rf power coupler in the UHF band:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a UHF-band ultra-wideband high-power radio-frequency power coupler includes a microstrip-coupled through microstrip line 5, a coupled microstrip line 6, an interdigital coupling structure 7, a first amplitude equalizer, a second amplitude equalizer, a first attenuator and a second attenuator, where the microstrip-coupled through microstrip line 5 has a UHF-band radio-frequency signal input port 1 and a radio-frequency signal output port 2, the coupled microstrip line 6 has a forward coupling port 3 and a reverse coupling port 4, the microstrip-coupled through microstrip line 5 and the coupled microstrip line 6 are coupled by the interdigital coupling structure 7, the forward coupling port 3 is connected with an input end of the first amplitude equalizer, an output end of the first amplitude equalizer is connected with an input end of the first attenuator, the reverse coupling port 4 is connected with an input end of the second amplitude equalizer, and an output end of the second amplitude equalizer is connected with an input end of the second attenuator.
In the embodiment, a radio frequency signal is input into the coupler through the UHF frequency band radio frequency signal input port 1 and is output from the radio frequency signal output port 2, meanwhile, the forward coupling port 3 outputs a forward coupling signal, the backward coupling port 4 outputs a backward coupling signal, and the backward coupling signal is lower than the forward coupling signal by about 10dB in the whole working bandwidth, so that the functions of power acquisition, state monitoring, abnormal alarm and the like can be realized in an actual product.
In microwave signal transmission, because the load end and the source end are not matched in impedance, part of signals are reflected back to the source end when the signals are transmitted from the source end to the load end, and an important index of the radio frequency signal coupler, namely directivity, is used for measuring the relationship between incident signals of the source end and reflected signals of the load end. Because the incident signal and the reflected signal need to be distinguished in real time, the amplitude of the signal output by the forward coupling port 3 needs to be different from that of the signal output by the backward coupling port 4, and the difference between the amplitude of the signal at the forward coupling end and the amplitude of the signal at the backward coupling section is the directivity of the coupler. Since the difference between the output signal of the backward coupling end and the output signal of the forward coupling end is greater than or equal to 10dB, the directivity index of the coupler in the embodiment is greater than or equal to 10dB.
The power acquisition function: the radio frequency signal output by the forward coupling port 3 is input to other functional circuits, the envelope of the signal is the same as that of the through end signal of the coupler, the amplitude of the signal is different, and whether the through end signal is normal or not can be known in real time through the coupling signal.
The state monitoring and abnormal alarming function is as follows: and inputting the output signal of the forward coupling port 3 and the output signal of the reverse coupling port 4 into a radio frequency detector circuit, and calibrating the output amplitude of the detector and the real-time output power value of the antenna port, so as to monitor whether the output of a product is normal or not in real time, wherein if the reverse amplitude exceeds a certain threshold, the situation that the load standing wave at the antenna end is abnormal at the moment, the connection is poor or the load is damaged is possible, and the like is indicated.
In this embodiment, the UHF-band radio frequency signal input port and the forward coupling output port are located on the same side, and the radio frequency signal output port and the reverse coupling output port are located on the same side. For example, in fig. 1, the UHF-band rf signal input port and the forward-coupling output port are located on the left side, and the rf signal output port and the reverse-coupling output port are located on the right side.
In this embodiment, a radio frequency signal enters the coupler through a radio frequency signal input port and is respectively transmitted to a through output port (radio frequency signal output port), a coupled output port (forward coupled port 3), and an isolated output port (reverse coupled port 4); when the signal is transmitted to the straight-through output port, the signal amplitude attenuation is less than or equal to 0.5dB, when the signal is transmitted to the forward coupling port 3, the signal amplitude attenuation is 40.5 dB-42.5 dB, and when the signal is transmitted to the reverse coupling port 4, the signal amplitude attenuation is 52 dB-60 dB.
In some embodiments, the depth of the interdigital coupling structure 7 is 0mm, the length of the interdigital coupling structure 7 is 0.32mm-0.38mm, the distance between the interdigital coupling structures 7 is 0.15mm-0.21mm, the number of the interdigital coupling structures 7 is 21 pairs, and the depth of the interdigital coupling structure is the depth of the interdigital embedded in the corresponding concave structure of the interdigital coupling structure.
In some embodiments, the microstrip-coupled through microstrip line 5 and the coupled microstrip line 6 have structural dimensions of 21mm × 6mm, and the distance between the microstrip-coupled through microstrip line 5 and the coupled microstrip line 6 is 0.6mm.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the first amplitude equalizer is identical to the second amplitude equalizer in structure, and the first amplitude equalizer includes a resistor R107, a resistor R109, a resistor R111, a resistor R113, a resistor R115, a resistor R117, a resistor R119, a resistor R121, a resistor R123, a resistor R125, a resistor R127, a capacitor C100, a capacitor C102, a capacitor C104, a capacitor C106, a capacitor C108, an inductor L100, an inductor L102, an inductor L104, an inductor L106, and an inductor L108.
The first end of the inductor L100 serves as an input end of the first amplitude equalizer, and the first end of the resistor R107, the first end of the resistor R109, and the first end of the capacitor C100 are all connected to the first end of the inductor L100. The second end of the capacitor C100, the first end of the capacitor C102, the second end of the resistor R109, the first end of the resistor R111, the first end of the resistor R113, and the first end of the inductor L102 are all connected to the second end of the inductor L100. The second end of the capacitor C102, the first end of the capacitor C104, the second end of the resistor R113, the first end of the resistor R115, the first end of the resistor R117, and the first end of the inductor L104 are all connected to the second end of the inductor L102. The second end of the capacitor C104, the first end of the capacitor C106, the second end of the resistor R117, the first end of the resistor R119, the first end of the resistor R121, and the first end of the inductor L106 are all connected to the second end of the inductor L104. The second end of the capacitor C106, the first end of the capacitor C108, the second end of the resistor R121, the first end of the resistor R123, the first end of the resistor R125, and the first end of the inductor L108 are all connected to the second end of the inductor L106. The second end of the capacitor C108, the second end of the resistor R125, and the first end of the resistor R127 are connected to the second end of the inductor L108, the second end of the inductor L108 serves as an output end of the first amplitude equalizer, and the second end of the resistor R107, the second end of the resistor R111, the second end of the resistor R115, the second end of the resistor R119, the second end of the resistor R123, and the second end of the resistor R127 are all grounded.
In this embodiment, the first amplitude equalizer and the second amplitude equalizer are designed as a multi-stage structure, so that the coupler can maintain good gain flatness in the entire UHF frequency band (300 MHz to 3000 MHz). Meanwhile, by setting the resistor R109, the resistor R113, the resistor R117, the resistor R121 and the resistor R125, the interstage standing wave index of each stage of equalizer and the whole link is optimized and improved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the first attenuator and the second attenuator have the same structure, the first attenuator includes a resistor R101, a resistor R102, and a resistor R103, a first end of the resistor R102 serves as an input end of the first attenuator, a second end of the resistor R102 serves as an output end of the second attenuator, a first end of the resistor R101 is connected to the first end of the resistor R102, a second end of the resistor R101 is grounded, a first end of the resistor R103 is connected to the second end of the resistor R102, and a second end of the resistor R103 is grounded. In this embodiment, the resistor R101, the resistor R102, and the resistor R103 are used to adjust the amplitude value of the final coupled signal.
And are not to be construed as excluding other embodiments and from consideration of the specification and various other combinations, modifications, and environments of use, which may be within the scope of the concepts described herein, as modified by the teachings or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A UHF frequency band ultra-wideband high-power radio frequency power coupler is characterized by comprising a microstrip coupling straight-through microstrip line, a coupling microstrip line, an interdigital coupling structure, a first amplitude equalizer, a second amplitude equalizer, a first attenuator and a second attenuator, wherein the microstrip coupling straight-through microstrip line is provided with a UHF frequency band radio frequency signal input port and a radio frequency signal output port, the coupling microstrip line is provided with a forward coupling port and a reverse coupling port, the microstrip coupling straight-through microstrip line and the coupling microstrip line are coupled through the interdigital coupling structure, the forward coupling port is connected with the input end of the first amplitude equalizer, the output end of the first amplitude equalizer is connected with the input end of the first attenuator, the reverse coupling port is connected with the input end of the second amplitude equalizer, and the output end of the second amplitude equalizer is connected with the input end of the second attenuator;
the first amplitude equalizer and the second amplitude equalizer have the same structure, and the first amplitude equalizer comprises a resistor R107, a resistor R109, a resistor R111, a resistor R113, a resistor R115, a resistor R117, a resistor R119, a resistor R121, a resistor R123, a resistor R125, a resistor R127, a capacitor C100, a capacitor C102, a capacitor C104, a capacitor C106, a capacitor C108, an inductor L100, an inductor L102, an inductor L104, an inductor L106 and an inductor L108; the first end of the inductor L100 is used as an input end of the first amplitude equalizer, the first end of the resistor R107, the first end of the resistor R109, and the first end of the capacitor C100 are all connected to the first end of the inductor L100, the second end of the capacitor C100, the first end of the capacitor C102, the second end of the resistor R109, the first end of the resistor R111, the first end of the resistor R113, and the first end of the inductor L102 are all connected to the second end of the inductor L100, the second end of the capacitor C102, the first end of the capacitor C104, the second end of the resistor R113, the first end of the resistor R115, the first end of the resistor R117, and the first end of the inductor L104 are all connected to the second end of the inductor L102, the second end of the capacitor C104, the first end of the capacitor C106, the second end of the resistor R117, the first end of the resistor R119, the first end of the resistor R121, and the first end of the inductor L106 are all connected to the second end of the inductor L104, the second end of the capacitor C106, the first end of the capacitor C108, the second end of the resistor R121, the first end of the resistor R123, the first end of the resistor R125, and the first end of the inductor L108 are all connected to the second end of the inductor L106, the second end of the capacitor C108, the second end of the resistor R125, and the first end of the resistor R127 are all connected to the second end of the inductor L108, the second end of the inductor L108 serves as an output end of the first amplitude equalizer, and the second end of the resistor R107, the second end of the resistor R111, the second end of the resistor R115, the second end of the resistor R119, the second end of the resistor R123, and the second end of the resistor R127 are all grounded.
2. The coupler of claim 1, wherein the first attenuator and the second attenuator have the same structure, the first attenuator includes a resistor R101, a resistor R102, and a resistor R103, a first end of the resistor R102 is used as an input end of the first attenuator, a second end of the resistor R102 is used as an output end of the second attenuator, a first end of the resistor R101 is connected to the first end of the resistor R102, a second end of the resistor R101 is grounded, a first end of the resistor R103 is connected to the second end of the resistor R102, and a second end of the resistor R103 is grounded.
3. The coupler of claim 1, wherein the interdigital depth of the interdigital coupling structure is 0mm, the interdigital length of the interdigital coupling structure is 0.32mm-0.38mm, the interdigital distance of the interdigital coupling structure is 0.15mm-0.21mm, the number of the interdigital coupling structure is 21 pairs, and the interdigital depth is the depth of embedding the interdigital of the interdigital coupling structure into the corresponding concave structure of the interdigital coupling structure.
4. The UHF band ultra-wideband high-power radio-frequency power coupler of claim 1, wherein the microstrip-coupled straight-through microstrip line and the coupled microstrip line both have a structural size of 21mm x 6mm.
5. The coupler of claim 1, wherein the distance between the microstrip-coupled straight-through microstrip line and the coupled microstrip line is 0.6mm.
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