CN115602890A - Fuel cell system and control method for fuel cell system - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a fuel cell system and a control method of the fuel cell system. The fuel cell system has an emergency protection state, in the emergency protection state, the module to be hydrogenated can send an alarm signal to the upper computer, and the upper computer controls the on-off of the valve assembly according to the alarm signal so as to cut off an external hydrogen source and discharge gas in the first communication pipeline. The design can realize effective control of hydrogen provided by an external hydrogen source, thereby effectively improving the safety and reliability of the operation of the fuel cell system.

Description

Fuel cell system and control method for fuel cell system

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to a fuel cell system, and more particularly, to a fuel cell system and a control method of the fuel cell system.

Background

The fuel cell system comprises a module to be hydrogenated, and the module to be hydrogenated can only passively receive hydrogen provided by an external hydrogen source in the test process of the fuel cell system. When abnormal phenomena such as overpressure or overflow occur in the module to be hydrogenated, the fuel cell system in the related art cannot effectively control hydrogen provided by an external hydrogen source, which easily causes hydrogen leakage in the module to be hydrogenated, and may cause danger such as explosion in severe cases. Therefore, how to realize the effective control of the hydrogen provided by the external hydrogen source by the fuel cell system has become an urgent problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a fuel cell system and a control method of the fuel cell system, which can realize effective control of hydrogen provided by an external hydrogen source, thereby effectively improving the safety and reliability of the operation of the fuel cell system.

In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a fuel cell system; the fuel cell system comprises a first communication pipeline, a module to be hydrogenated, a valve assembly and an upper computer. The first communication pipeline comprises a first air inlet, a first air outlet and an air outlet, the air outlet is positioned between the first air inlet and the first air outlet, and the first air inlet is used for being connected with an external hydrogen source; the module to be hydrogenated is connected with the first gas outlet and is used for receiving hydrogen provided by an external hydrogen source; the valve component is arranged on the first communication pipeline; the upper computer is electrically connected with the module to be hydrogenated and the valve component. The fuel cell system has an emergency protection state, the module to be hydrogenated can send an alarm signal to the upper computer in the emergency protection state, and the upper computer controls the on-off of the valve assembly according to the alarm signal so as to cut off an external hydrogen source and discharge gas in the first communication pipeline.

According to the fuel cell system, under the emergency protection state, the hydrogenation module sends an alarm signal to the upper computer, the upper computer controls the on-off of the valve component after receiving the alarm signal so as to cut off hydrogen supplied by an external hydrogen source, and gas flowing in the pipeline of the first communication pipeline is released to reduce the gas pressure in the first communication pipeline, so that the safety and reliability of the operation of the fuel cell system are effectively improved.

In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for controlling a fuel cell system, where the fuel cell system includes a first communication pipeline, a module to be hydrogenated, and a valve assembly, the first communication pipeline has a first gas inlet, a first gas outlet, and an exhaust port, the exhaust port is located between the first gas inlet and the first gas outlet, and the first gas inlet is used for connecting with an external hydrogen source; the module to be hydrogenated is connected with the first gas outlet and is used for receiving hydrogen provided by an external hydrogen source; the valve component is arranged on the first communication pipeline; the control method comprises the following steps:

acquiring the current state of the fuel cell system;

and when the current state is an emergency protection state, acquiring an alarm signal sent by the module to be hydrogenated, and controlling the on-off of the valve assembly according to the alarm signal so as to cut off an external hydrogen source and discharge the gas in the first communication pipeline.

According to the control method of the fuel cell system, the hydrogen provided by the external hydrogen source can be effectively controlled, so that the safety and reliability of the operation of the fuel cell system are effectively improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a frame structure of a fuel cell system in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a control method of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a control method of a fuel cell system according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a control method of a fuel cell system according to still another embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals: 1. fuel cell a system; 10. a main pipeline; 11. a first air inlet; 12. a first air outlet; 13. a first exhaust port; 14. a second exhaust port; 20. a module to be hydrogenated; 30. a first exhaust line; 40. an upper computer; 50. a second exhaust line; 60. a second communication line; 61. a second air inlet; 62. a second air outlet; 70. a vented container; 71. a first opening; 72. a second opening; 81. a first automatic valve; 82. a first automatic main valve; 83. a second automatic main valve; 84. a first manual valve; 85. a second manual valve; 86. a third manual valve; 87. a fourth manual valve; 88. cutting off the valve; 91. a flow meter; 92. a pressure regulating valve; 93. a one-way valve; 200. an external source of hydrogen; 300. an external inert gas source.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of and not restrictive on the broad application.

Referring to fig. 1, a first aspect of the present application provides a fuel cell system 1, which can effectively control hydrogen provided by an external hydrogen source 200, so as to effectively improve the safety and reliability of the operation of the fuel cell system 1.

The fuel cell system 1 includes a first communication pipe, a module to be hydrogenated 20, a valve assembly, and an upper computer 40. The first communication pipeline comprises a first gas inlet 11, a first gas outlet 12 and a gas outlet, the gas outlet is positioned between the first gas inlet 11 and the first gas outlet 12, and the first gas inlet 11 is used for being connected with an external hydrogen source 200; the module to be hydrogenated 20 is connected with the first gas outlet 12 for receiving hydrogen supplied from an external hydrogen source 200; the valve component is arranged on the first communication pipeline; the upper computer 40 is electrically connected with the module to be hydrogenated 20 and the valve assembly. The fuel cell system 1 has an emergency protection state, in which the module to be hydrogenated 20 sends an alarm signal to the upper computer 40, and the upper computer 40 controls the on-off of the valve assembly according to the alarm signal so as to cut off the external hydrogen source 200 and discharge the gas in the first communication pipeline 10.

The specific structure of the fuel cell system 1 will be described below with reference to fig. 1, and the fuel cell system 1 includes a first communication pipeline, a module to be hydrogenated 20, a valve assembly, and an upper computer 40.

As shown in fig. 1, the first communication line serves as a pipe structure for flowing hydrogen supplied from the external hydrogen source 200. Herein, the "external hydrogen source 200" can be understood as a gas generating device which is independent of the fuel cell system 1 and is suitable for generating hydrogen, for example, the external hydrogen source 200 can be, but is not limited to, a hydrogen generator. The material of the first communication pipeline is not limited, and a designer can select the material with low cost and good performance as much as possible according to actual needs. The specific structure of the first communication pipe will be described later.

The first communication pipeline has a first gas inlet 11, the first gas inlet 11 is used as a pipeline inlet of the first communication pipeline, and the first gas inlet 11 is used for connecting with an external hydrogen source 200, so that hydrogen provided by the external hydrogen source 200 flows into the pipeline of the first communication pipeline through the first gas inlet 11.

The module to be hydrogenated 20 serves as an energy conversion device that converts hydrogen energy into electric energy. The specific structure of the module to be hydrogenated 20 is not limited, and a designer skilled in the art can directly adopt an energy conversion device in the related art to realize the function.

The first communicating pipeline further has a first gas outlet 12, the first gas outlet 12 is used as a pipeline outlet of the first communicating pipeline, the first gas outlet 12 is connected with the module to be hydrogenated 20, so that the hydrogen flowing in the pipeline of the first communicating pipeline flows into the module to be hydrogenated 20 through the first gas outlet 12, that is, the module to be hydrogenated 20 is connected with the first gas outlet 12 to receive the hydrogen provided by the external hydrogen source 200.

The first communication pipeline also has an exhaust port as another pipeline outlet of the first communication pipeline, the exhaust port being located between the first air inlet 11 and the first air outlet 12.

The valve assembly is used as a structural member for switching on and off the first communication pipeline, and the valve assembly is arranged in the first communication pipeline.

The upper computer 40 serves as a controller for realizing automatic control of the fuel cell system 1.

The upper computer 40 is electrically connected with the module to be hydrogenated 20 and the valve assembly.

It is understood that the module to be hydrogenated 20 is an energy conversion device, and there are many factors that inevitably cause an abnormality during the operation of the module to be hydrogenated 20, and thus the module to be hydrogenated is in an abnormal operation state. Wherein, the module to be hydrogenated 20 comprises a hydrogen storage container, a hydrogen inlet valve, an air compressor and a current controller. For example, when the hydrogen inlet valve fails, the pressure on the hydrogen side in the hydrogen storage container may be too high, which may cause the module to be hydrogenated 20 to be in an abnormal working state; or, for example, when the air compressor runs out of control of the rotation speed, the pressure on the hydrogen side in the hydrogen storage container may be too high, which may cause the module to be hydrogenated 20 to be in an abnormal working state; alternatively, for example, when the current controller fails, a stack overcurrent fault may be caused, and the module to be hydrogenated 20 may be in an abnormal operating state.

The fuel cell system 1 is in an emergency protection state in order to effectively reduce or even avoid the risk of hydrogen leakage or even explosion of the module to be hydrogenated 20 in the abnormal operating state. When the module to be hydrogenated 20 is in the above abnormal operating state, the fuel cell system 1 is in an emergency protection state, that is, the "emergency protection state" can be understood as a state corresponding to the fuel cell system 1 when the module to be hydrogenated 20 is in the abnormal operating state.

In an emergency protection state, the module to be hydrogenated 20 sends an alarm signal to the upper computer 40, and the upper computer 40 controls the on-off of the valve assembly according to the alarm signal so as to cut off the external hydrogen source 200 and discharge the gas in the first communication pipeline. Wherein, but not only when at least one of the ambient temperature, the ambient pressure and the ambient flow in the module 20 to be hydrogenated appears abnormally, the module 20 to be hydrogenated can send an alarm signal to the upper computer 40.

Specifically, the module 20 to be hydrogenated further includes a detection element, the detection element can detect the internal environmental conditions of the hydrogen storage container, the detection element is electrically connected to the upper computer 40, the detection element is set with a safety threshold, the detection element can send a corresponding alarm signal to the upper computer 40 when detecting that the internal environmental conditions of the hydrogen storage container exceed the safety threshold (i.e. are abnormal), the upper computer 40 controls the on-off of the valve assembly after receiving the alarm signal, so as to cut off the supply of hydrogen from the external hydrogen source 200 to the hydrogen storage container, and release the gas flowing in the pipeline of the first communication pipeline to reduce the gas pressure in the first communication pipeline. For example, the detecting member may include, but is not limited to, at least one of a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor, and the like. It should be noted that each of the different types of sensors has a respective safety threshold, and when, for example, the ambient temperature, the ambient pressure or the ambient flow rate inside the hydrogen storage vessel exceeds the safety threshold, the sensor sends a corresponding alarm signal to the upper computer 40 electrically connected thereto.

Based on the fuel cell system 1 in the embodiment of the present application, in the emergency protection state, the module to be hydrogenated 20 sends an alarm signal to the upper computer 40, and the upper computer 40 controls the on/off of the valve assembly after receiving the alarm signal to cut off the hydrogen supplied by the external hydrogen source 200, and releases the gas flowing through the pipeline of the first communication pipeline to reduce the gas pressure in the first communication pipeline, thereby effectively improving the safety and reliability of the operation of the fuel cell system 1.

It should be noted that the fuel cell system 1 has a wide application, for example, the fuel cell system 1 may be applied to, but not limited to, vehicles, tests of fuel cells in laboratories, and other application scenarios.

As shown in fig. 1, considering that the first communication pipeline is a pipeline structure for flowing the hydrogen provided by the external hydrogen source 200, it is designed that in some embodiments, the exhaust port includes a first exhaust port 13, the first communication pipeline includes a main pipeline 10 and a first exhaust pipeline 30, the first inlet 11, the first outlet 12 and the first exhaust port 13 are all located on the main pipeline 10, and the first exhaust pipeline 30 is connected to the first exhaust port 13; the valve assembly comprises a cut-off valve 88 and a first automatic valve 81, the cut-off valve 88 is arranged on the main pipeline 10, and the cut-off valve 88 is positioned between the first air inlet 11 and the first exhaust port 13 and is adjacent to the first air inlet 11; the first automatic valve 81 is arranged in the first exhaust line 30; the upper computer 40 closes the cut-off valve 88 and opens the first automatic valve 81 according to the control signal, so as to cut off the external hydrogen source 200 and exhaust the gas in the main pipeline 10 through the first exhaust pipeline 30. Wherein the cutoff valve 88 serves as an on-off valve element for disconnecting the gas supply circuit of the main pipeline 10 between the external hydrogen source 200 and the module to be hydrogenated 20 to stop the external hydrogen source 200 from supplying hydrogen to the module to be hydrogenated 20. The first exhaust pipe 30 serves as a pipe structure for branching and leading out the gas flowing through the pipe of the main pipe 10 to reduce the gas pressure in the pipe of the main pipe 10, thereby preventing the gas pressure in the pipe of the main pipe 10 from being excessively high, and improving the safety and reliability of the operation of the entire fuel cell system 1. Here, the specific shape of the first exhaust pipe 30 is not limited, and a designer may reasonably design the first exhaust pipe according to actual needs, and similarly, the material of the first exhaust pipe 30 is not limited, and the designer may select a material with low cost and good performance as much as possible according to actual needs. The first automatic valve 81 is used as a switch valve element for controlling the on-off of the first exhaust pipeline 30, and the upper computer 40 can open the first automatic valve according to the alarm signal, so that the gas flowing in the pipeline of the main pipeline 10 is discharged through the first exhaust pipeline 30.

As shown in fig. 1, considering that factors such as aging may cause poor electrical contact between the upper computer 40 and the first automatic valve 81, after the upper computer 40 receives the alarm signal, the first automatic valve 81 cannot be normally opened (i.e., the first automatic valve 81 is in a closed or non-fully open state), so that gas flowing in the pipeline of the main pipeline 10 cannot be timely released, which causes an excessive gas pressure in the pipeline of the main pipeline 10, thereby greatly increasing the risk of explosion of the module to be hydrogenated 20. In order to further improve the safety and reliability of the operation of the fuel cell system 1, it is designed that, in some embodiments, the exhaust port further includes a second exhaust port 14, the main pipeline 10 has the second exhaust port 14, the first communication pipeline further includes a second exhaust pipeline 50, the fuel cell system 1 further includes a first manual valve 84, the second exhaust pipeline 50 is connected to the second exhaust port 14, the first manual valve 84 is disposed in the second exhaust pipeline 50, the first manual valve 84 is a normally closed valve, and the first manual valve 84 is configured to open when the first automatic valve 81 fails to open (i.e., the upper computer 40 cannot normally open the first automatic valve 81). Wherein, the break-make of first manual valve 84 control second exhaust pipe 50, when first automatic valve 81 became invalid, host computer 40 can send cue signal, this cue signal can but not only be limited to including voice prompt, text prompt or combination between them, maintenance person can go manually to open first manual valve 84 so that second exhaust pipe 50 switches on according to this cue signal, second exhaust pipe 50 switches on and can draw the gas reposition of redundant personnel that circulates in the pipeline of main line 10, reduce the gas pressure in the pipeline of main line 10, it is too big to avoid the gas pressure in the pipeline of main line 10, thereby further promote the fail safe nature of whole fuel cell system 1 operation.

Of course, as shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the fuel cell system 1 further includes a second manual valve 85, the second manual valve 85 is disposed in the first exhaust pipe 30, the second manual valve 85 is a normally open valve, and the second manual valve 85 is configured to be closed when the first automatic valve 81 fails to be closed (i.e., the upper computer 40 cannot normally close the first automatic valve 81). By the design, when the upper computer 40 can completely open the first automatic valve 81, the second manual valve 85 is in a normally open state to ensure effective conduction of the first exhaust pipeline 30; when the upper computer 40 cannot completely close the first automatic valve 81, the maintenance personnel can manually close the second manual valve 85 to ensure effective shutoff of the first exhaust pipeline 30.

Considering that, as shown in fig. 1, after the upper computer 40 opens the first automatic valve 81, the gas flowing in the main pipeline 10 flows into the first exhaust pipeline 30 through the first exhaust port 13, and the gas is prevented from directly leaking into the atmosphere, in some embodiments, the fuel cell system 1 further includes an exhaust container 70, and the exhaust container 70 has a first opening 71, and the first opening 71 is connected to the first exhaust pipeline 30 of the first communication pipeline to receive the gas leaking from the first exhaust pipeline 30 of the first communication pipeline. In this design, through design exhaust container 70, exhaust container 70 can effectively avoid in gaseous direct release to the atmosphere to effectively protect the atmospheric environment.

Of course, as shown in fig. 1, in some other embodiments, the exhaust container 70 further includes a second opening 72, and the second opening 72 is connected to the second exhaust pipeline 50, so that after the first manual valve 84 is manually opened by the maintenance personnel, the gas flowing through the pipeline of the main pipeline 10 flows into the second exhaust pipeline 50 through the second exhaust port 14 and then flows into the exhaust container 70 through the second opening 72, thereby effectively preventing the gas from directly leaking into the atmosphere, and effectively protecting the atmosphere.

As shown in fig. 1, in order to realize the flow monitoring of the gas flowing through the first communicating pipeline, so as to further improve the safety and reliability of the operation of the fuel cell system 1, it is designed that in some embodiments, the fuel cell system 1 further includes a flow meter 91, the flow meter 91 is electrically connected to the upper computer 40, the flow meter 91 is disposed on the main pipeline 10 of the first communicating pipeline, and the flow meter 91 is used for measuring the flow of the gas flowing through the main pipeline 10 of the first communicating pipeline. The flowmeter 91 is electrically connected with the upper computer 40 to transmit related data signals to the upper computer 40, the upper computer 40 processes the data signals to form data information, and maintenance personnel know the gas flow in the main pipeline 10 according to the data information. The type of the flow meter 91 is not limited, and a designer may select an appropriate flow meter 91 according to actual needs.

As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the fuel cell system 1 further includes a pressure regulating valve 92, the pressure regulating valve 92 is disposed on the main pipeline 10 of the first communication pipeline, the pressure regulating valve 92 is located between the first gas inlet 11 and the first gas outlet 13, and the pressure regulating valve 92 is adapted to change the gas pressure of the gas in the main pipeline 10 of the first communication pipeline. After the upper computer 40 opens the first automatic valve 81, the inert gas remaining in the pipe of the main pipe 10 flows from the first exhaust port 13 into the first exhaust pipe 30 under the pressure of the pressure regulating valve 92, and flows into the exhaust container 70 from the first opening 71, thereby exhausting the inert gas in the first exhaust pipe 30.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the fuel cell system 1 further includes a first automatic main valve 82, the first automatic main valve 82 is electrically connected to the upper computer 40, and the first automatic main valve 82 is disposed on the main pipe 10 of the first communication pipe. When the inert gas remaining in the main pipeline 10 flows into the exhaust container 70 under the pressure of the pressure regulating valve 92 until the gas pressure of the gas inside the main pipeline 10 is reduced to zero, the upper computer 40 closes the first automatic valve 81, and then sequentially opens the cut-off valve 88 and the first automatic main valve 82, so that the hydrogen generated by the hydrogen source flows into the main pipeline 10 through the first gas inlet 11, until the gas pressure of the gas inside the main pipeline 10 reaches a first predetermined gas pressure, the upper computer 40 first closes the first automatic main valve 82 to cut off the flow of the hydrogen generated by the external hydrogen source 200 into the main pipeline 10, and the upper computer 40 then opens the first automatic valve 81 to discharge the gas inside the main pipeline 10 into the exhaust container 70 through the first exhaust pipeline 30, and the cycle is repeated, so that the hydrogen purging can be completed, and the gas inside the main pipeline 10 becomes pure hydrogen, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the fuel cell system 1 in the subsequent normal operating state.

As shown in fig. 1, in order to improve the practicability of the fuel cell system 1, it is designed that, in some embodiments, the fuel cell system 1 further includes a third manual valve 86, the third manual valve 86 is connected in parallel with the first automatic total valve 82 to the first communication pipeline, the third manual valve 86 is a normally closed valve, and the third manual valve 86 is configured to open when the first automatic total valve 82 fails to open (i.e., the upper computer 40 fails to normally open the first automatic total valve 82), in consideration of the fact that the upper computer 40 fails to make electrical contact with the first automatic total valve 82, for example, the upper computer 40 cannot normally open the first automatic total valve 82, and the first automatic total valve 82 cannot normally open, for example, the first automatic total valve 82 cannot open, and hydrogen provided by the external hydrogen source 200 cannot flow into the module to be hydrogenated 20 through the main pipeline 10 of the first communication pipeline. The third manual valve 86 is the same as the first automatic main valve 82, and is used as a switch valve element for controlling the on/off of the main pipeline 10 of the first communication pipeline, and the difference is that the third manual valve 86 is used as an auxiliary valve, and when the upper computer 40 cannot normally open the first automatic main valve 82, the maintenance personnel manually opens the third manual valve 86 to communicate the main pipeline 10, so that the hydrogen provided by the hydrogen source can normally flow into the module to be hydrogenated 20 through the main pipeline 10. Note that, when the upper machine 40 can normally open the first automatic main valve 82, the third manual valve 86 is in a normally closed state.

As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the fuel cell system 1 further includes a second communication pipeline 60 and a second automatic main valve 83, the second communication pipeline 60 has a second gas inlet 61 and a second gas outlet 62, the second gas inlet 61 is used for connecting with an external inert gas source 300, the second gas outlet 62 is connected with the main pipeline 10 of the first communication pipeline, the second automatic main valve 83 is disposed on the second communication pipeline 60, and the second automatic main valve 83 is electrically connected with the upper computer 40. The upper computer 40 opens the first manual valve 84 first, and when the air pressure of the gas in the main pipeline 10 of the first communication pipeline is reduced to zero, the upper computer 40 closes the first automatic main valve 82 first and then opens the second automatic main valve 83, and until the air pressure of the gas in the main pipeline 10 reaches a second preset air pressure, the upper computer 40 closes the second automatic main valve 83 first and then opens the first automatic main valve 82. After the upper computer 40 opens the first automatic valve 81, the hydrogen remaining in the main pipeline 10 of the first communication pipeline flows into the first exhaust pipeline 30 from the first exhaust port 13 under the pressure of the pressure regulating valve 92, and flows into the exhaust container 70 from the first opening 71, so that the hydrogen in the first exhaust pipeline 30 is exhausted. When the hydrogen remaining in the pipeline of the main pipeline 10 flows into the exhaust container 70 under the pressure action of the pressure regulating valve 92 until the gas pressure of the gas inside the exhaust container is reduced to zero, the upper computer 40 closes the first automatic valve 81, and then opens the second automatic main valve 83, so that the inert gas provided by the inert gas source flows into the second communication pipeline 60 through the second gas inlet 61, and then flows into the main pipeline 10 from the second gas outlet 62, until the gas pressure in the pipeline of the main pipeline 10 reaches a second predetermined gas pressure, the upper computer 40 first closes the second automatic main valve 83 to cut off the inert gas provided by the external inert gas source 300 from flowing into the main pipeline 10 through the second communication pipeline 60, and the upper computer 40 then opens the first automatic valve 81 to discharge the gas in the pipeline of the main pipeline 10 into the exhaust container 70 through the first exhaust pipeline 30, and the above-mentioned cycle is repeated for several times, so that the inert gas purging can be completed, and the gas in the pipeline of the first communication pipeline becomes a detachable pure inert gas, and the maintenance personnel system can avoid hydrogen leakage.

As shown in fig. 1, in order to prevent hydrogen provided by the hydrogen source from flowing backward from the main pipeline 10 of the first communication pipeline into the second communication pipeline 60 under the normal operation condition of the fuel cell system 1, in some embodiments, the fuel cell system 1 further includes a one-way valve 93, the one-way valve 93 is disposed on the second communication pipeline 60, and the one-way valve 93 only enables the inert gas generated by the inert gas source to flow from the inert gas source into the main pipeline 10 of the first communication pipeline. In this design, by designing the check valve 93, the check valve 93 can only allow the inert gas to flow into the main pipe 10 of the first communicating pipe from the second communicating pipe 60, and cannot allow the hydrogen gas to flow into the second communicating pipe 60 from the main pipe 10 of the first communicating pipe, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of the fuel cell system 1.

As shown in fig. 1, in consideration of the reason that the upper computer 40 and the second automatic main valve 83 are in poor electrical contact due to factors such as aging, the upper computer 40 cannot normally open the second automatic main valve 83, so that the inert gas provided by the external inert gas source 300 cannot flow into the main pipeline 10 of the first communication pipeline through the second communication pipeline 60, in order to improve the practicability of the fuel cell system 1, it is designed that, in some embodiments, the fuel cell system 1 further includes a fourth manual valve 87, the fourth manual valve 87 and the second automatic main valve 83 are connected in parallel to the second communication pipeline 60, the fourth manual valve 87 is a normally closed valve, and the fourth manual valve 87 is configured to open when the second automatic main valve 83 fails to open (i.e., the upper computer 40 cannot normally open the second automatic main valve 83). The fourth manual valve 87 is a switch valve element for controlling the on/off of the second communication pipeline 60, like the second automatic main valve 83, except that the fourth manual valve 87 is an auxiliary valve, and when the upper computer 40 cannot normally open the second automatic main valve 83, the maintenance personnel manually opens the fourth manual valve 87 to conduct the second communication pipeline 60, so that the inert gas provided by the inert gas source can normally flow into the main pipeline 10 of the first communication pipeline through the second communication pipeline 60. Note that, when the upper machine 40 can normally open the second automatic main valve 83, the fourth manual valve 87 is in a normally closed state.

Referring to fig. 2, a second aspect of the present application proposes a control method of a fuel cell system 1, the control method including the steps of:

in step S201, the current state of the fuel cell system 1 is acquired.

Step S202, when the current state is the emergency protection state, acquiring an alarm signal sent by the module to be hydrogenated 20, and controlling the on-off of the valve assembly according to the alarm signal so as to cut off the external hydrogen source 200 and discharge the gas in the first communication pipeline.

In step S202, in an emergency protection state, the module to be hydrogenated 20 sends an alarm signal to the upper computer 40, and the upper computer 40 controls the on/off of the valve assembly after receiving the alarm signal to cut off the hydrogen supplied from the external hydrogen source 200 and release the gas flowing through the pipeline of the first communication pipeline to reduce the gas pressure in the first communication pipeline.

Based on the control method of the fuel cell system 1 in the embodiment of the present application, the control method can effectively control the hydrogen provided by the external hydrogen source 200, thereby effectively improving the safety and reliability of the operation of the fuel cell system 1.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, the exhaust port includes a first exhaust port 13, the first communication pipeline includes a main pipeline 10 and a first exhaust pipeline 30, the first inlet 11, the first outlet 12 and the first exhaust port 13 are located on the main pipeline 10, and the first exhaust pipeline 30 is connected to the first exhaust port 13; the valve assembly comprises a cut-off valve 88 and a first automatic valve 81, the cut-off valve 88 is arranged on the main pipeline 10, and the first automatic valve 81 is arranged on the first exhaust pipeline 30; the fuel cell system 1 further includes a first automatic main valve 82, and the first automatic main valve 82 is provided in the main pipe 10; the fuel cell system 1 further has a normal operation state, and a first preprocessing state located before the normal operation state, and the control method further includes the steps of:

step S302, when the current state is the first preprocessing state and the air pressure of the gas in the main pipeline 10 is reduced to zero, first close the first automatic valve 81, then sequentially open the cut-off valve 88 and the first automatic main valve 82, and until the obtained air pressure of the gas in the main pipeline 10 reaches the first predetermined air pressure, first close the first automatic main valve 82 and then open the first automatic valve 81.

In step S302, the "normal operation state" can be understood as a state corresponding to the fuel cell system 1 when the module to be hydrogenated 20 is in the normal operation state; the "first preprocessing state" can be understood as a process of evacuating gas (hereinafter, inert gas) remaining in the pipe of the main pipe 10 of the first communication pipe in the last operation and achieving hydrogen replacement in the pipe of the main pipe 10 of the first communication pipe before each new startup operation of the fuel cell system 1.

In this design, in the first preprocessing state, the upper computer 40 first opens the first automatic valve 81 to discharge the gas in the main line 10 of the first communication line through the first exhaust line. After the upper computer opens the first automatic valve 81, the inert gas remaining in the main pipeline 10 of the first communication pipeline flows into the first exhaust pipeline 30 from the first exhaust port 13 under the pressure action of the pressure regulating valve 92, and flows into the exhaust container 70 from the first opening 71, so that the inert gas in the first exhaust pipeline 30 is exhausted.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, the fuel cell system 1 further includes a second communication pipeline 60 and a second automatic main valve 83, the second communication pipeline 60 has a second gas inlet 61 and a second gas outlet 62, the second gas inlet 61 is used for connecting with an external inert gas source 300, the second gas outlet 62 is connected with the main pipeline 10, and the second automatic main valve 83 is disposed on the second communication pipeline 60; the fuel cell system 1 also has a second preprocessing state after the normal operation state; the control method further comprises the following steps:

step S402, when the current state is the second preprocessing state, first open the first automatic valve 81, and when the air pressure of the gas in the main pipeline 10 is reduced to zero, close the first automatic valve 81 and then open the second automatic main valve 83, until the air pressure of the gas in the main pipeline 10 reaches the second predetermined air pressure, close the second automatic main valve 83 and then open the first automatic valve 81.

The "second preprocessing state" in step S402 can be understood as a process in which the fuel cell system 1 evacuates the hydrogen gas remaining in the pipe of the main pipe 10 of the first communication pipe after each operation is finished, and performs the replacement of the inert gas in the pipe of the main pipe 10 of the first communication pipe. Where the inert gas is generated by an external inert gas source 300, the term "external inert gas source 300" is understood to mean a gas generating device that is independent of the fuel cell system 1 and is suitable for generating inert gas, for example, the external inert gas source 300 may be, but is not limited to, an inert gas generator. The inert gas may include, but is not limited to, nitrogen, helium, argon, and the like. Typically the inert gas is nitrogen.

In this design, in the second preprocessing state, the upper computer 40 opens the first manual valve 84 first, and when the air pressure of the gas in the main pipeline 10 of the first communication pipeline is reduced to zero, the upper computer 40 closes the first automatic main valve 82 first and then opens the second automatic main valve 83, and until the air pressure of the gas in the main pipeline 10 of the first communication pipeline reaches the second predetermined air pressure, the upper computer 40 closes the second automatic main valve 83 first and then opens the first automatic main valve 82. After the upper computer 40 opens the first automatic valve 81, the hydrogen remaining in the main pipeline 10 of the first communication pipeline flows into the first exhaust pipeline 30 from the first exhaust port 13 under the pressure of the pressure regulating valve 92, and flows into the exhaust container 70 from the first opening 71, so that the hydrogen in the first exhaust pipeline 30 is exhausted. When the hydrogen remaining in the main pipeline 10 of the first communication pipeline flows into the exhaust container 70 under the pressure of the pressure regulating valve 92 until the gas pressure of the gas inside the exhaust container is reduced to zero, the upper computer 40 closes the first automatic valve 81 and then opens the second automatic main valve 83, so that the inert gas provided by the inert gas source flows into the second communication pipeline 60 through the second gas inlet 61 and then flows into the first communication pipeline from the second gas outlet 62, until the gas pressure in the main pipeline of the first communication pipeline reaches a second predetermined gas pressure, the upper computer 40 first closes the second automatic main valve 83 to cut off the inert gas provided by the external inert gas source 300 from flowing into the main pipeline 10 of the first communication pipeline through the second communication pipeline 60, and then the upper computer 40 opens the first automatic valve 81 to discharge the gas in the main pipeline 10 of the first communication pipeline into the exhaust container 70 through the first exhaust pipeline 30, and the cycle is repeated, so that purging can be completed several times, so that the gas in the main pipeline of the first communication pipeline becomes pure inert gas, thereby preventing the hydrogen from leaking out of the maintenance personnel.

The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the present embodiment correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present application, it is to be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limitations of the present patent, and specific meanings of the above terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (14)

1. A fuel cell system, characterized by comprising:

the first communication pipeline is provided with a first air inlet, a first air outlet and an air outlet, the air outlet is positioned between the first air inlet and the first air outlet, and the first air inlet is used for being connected with an external hydrogen source;

the module to be hydrogenated is connected with the first gas outlet and is used for receiving hydrogen provided by the external hydrogen source;

the valve component is arranged on the first communication pipeline;

the upper computer is electrically connected with the module to be hydrogenated and the valve assembly;

the fuel cell system is provided with an emergency protection state, the module to be hydrogenated can send an alarm signal to the upper computer in the emergency protection state, and the upper computer controls the on-off of the valve assembly according to the alarm signal so as to cut off the external hydrogen source and discharge gas in the first communication pipeline.

2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1,

the exhaust port comprises a first exhaust port, the first communication pipeline comprises a main pipeline and a first exhaust pipeline, the first air inlet, the first air outlet and the first exhaust port are positioned on the main pipeline, and the first exhaust pipeline is connected with the first exhaust port;

the valve assembly comprises a cut-off valve and a first automatic valve, the cut-off valve is arranged on the main pipeline, the cut-off valve is positioned between the first air inlet and the first exhaust port and is adjacent to the first air inlet, and the first automatic valve is arranged on the first exhaust pipeline;

and the upper computer closes the cut-off valve and opens the first automatic valve according to the control signal so as to cut off the external hydrogen source and discharge the gas in the main pipeline through the first exhaust pipeline.

3. The fuel cell system according to claim 2,

the gas vent still includes the second gas vent, the main line has the second gas vent, first intercommunication pipeline still includes second exhaust pipe, fuel cell system still includes first manual valve, second exhaust pipe with the second gas vent is connected, first manual valve is located second exhaust pipe, first manual valve is the normally closed valve, just first manual valve is used for first automatic valve opens when inefficacy.

4. The fuel cell system according to claim 2,

the fuel cell system further comprises a second manual valve, the second manual valve is arranged on the first exhaust pipeline, the second manual valve is a normally open valve, and the second manual valve is used for being closed when the first automatic valve is closed and fails.

5. The fuel cell system according to claim 1,

the fuel cell system further includes an exhaust container having a first opening connected to the first communication line to receive gas discharged from the first communication line.

6. The fuel cell system according to claim 1,

the fuel cell system further comprises a flow meter electrically connected with the upper computer, the flow meter is arranged on the first communication pipeline, and the flow meter is used for measuring the flow of the gas flowing in the first communication pipeline.

7. The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 6,

the fuel cell system further comprises a pressure regulating valve, the pressure regulating valve is arranged on the first communicating pipeline, the pressure regulating valve is located between the first air inlet and the air outlet, and the pressure regulating valve is suitable for changing the air pressure of the air in the first communicating pipeline.

8. The fuel cell system according to claim 7,

the fuel cell system further comprises a first automatic main valve electrically connected with the upper computer, and the first automatic main valve is arranged on the first communicating pipeline.

9. The fuel cell system according to claim 8,

the fuel cell system further comprises a third manual valve, the third manual valve and the first automatic main valve are connected to the first communication pipeline in parallel, the third manual valve is a normally closed valve, and the third manual valve is used for being opened when the first automatic main valve is opened and fails.

10. The fuel cell system according to claim 8,

the fuel cell system further comprises a second communication pipeline and a second automatic main valve, the second communication pipeline is provided with a second air inlet and a second air outlet, the second air inlet is used for being connected with an external inert gas source, the second air outlet is connected with the first communication pipeline, the second automatic main valve is arranged on the second communication pipeline, and the second automatic main valve is electrically connected with the upper computer.

11. The fuel cell system according to claim 10,

the fuel cell system further comprises a one-way valve, the one-way valve is arranged on the second communication pipeline, and the one-way valve only enables the inert gas generated by the inert gas source to flow from the inert gas source to the first communication pipeline; and/or

The fuel cell system further comprises a fourth manual valve, the fourth manual valve and the second automatic main valve are connected to the second communication pipeline in parallel, the fourth manual valve is a normally closed valve, and the fourth manual valve is used for being opened when the second automatic main valve is opened and fails.

12. A control method of a fuel cell system is characterized in that the fuel cell system comprises a first communication pipeline, a module to be hydrogenated and a valve component, wherein the first communication pipeline is provided with a first gas inlet, a first gas outlet and a gas outlet, the gas outlet is positioned between the first gas inlet and the first gas outlet, and the first gas inlet is used for being connected with an external hydrogen source; the module to be hydrogenated is connected with the first gas outlet and is used for receiving hydrogen provided by the external hydrogen source; the valve component is arranged on the first communication pipeline; the control method comprises the following steps:

acquiring the current state of the fuel cell system;

and when the current state is an emergency protection state, acquiring an alarm signal sent by the module to be hydrogenated, and controlling the on-off of the valve assembly according to the alarm signal so as to cut off the external hydrogen source and discharge the gas in the first communication pipeline.

13. The control method of claim 12, wherein the exhaust port comprises a first exhaust port, the first communication line comprises a main line and a first exhaust line, the first inlet port, the first outlet port, and the first exhaust port are located on the main line, and the first exhaust line is connected to the first exhaust port; the valve assembly comprises a cut-off valve and a first automatic valve, the cut-off valve is arranged on the main pipeline, and the first automatic valve is arranged on the first exhaust pipeline; the fuel cell system also comprises a first automatic main valve which is arranged on the main pipeline; the fuel cell system further has a normal operation state, and a first preprocessing state located before the normal operation state, and the control method further includes the steps of:

when the current state is the first preprocessing state and the air pressure of the gas in the main pipeline is reduced to zero, the first automatic valve is closed, then the cut-off valve and the first automatic main valve are sequentially opened, and until the obtained air pressure of the gas in the main pipeline reaches a first preset air pressure, the first automatic main valve is closed first and then the first automatic valve is opened.

14. The control method of claim 13, wherein the fuel cell system further comprises a second communication line having a second gas inlet for connection to an external inert gas source and a second gas outlet for connection to the main line, and a second automatic main valve disposed in the second communication line; the fuel cell system also has a second preconditioning state that follows the normal operating state; the control method further comprises the following steps:

when the current state is the second preprocessing state, the first automatic valve is opened first, and when the air pressure of the gas in the main pipeline is reduced to zero, the first automatic valve is closed first and then the second automatic main valve is opened, until the obtained air pressure of the gas in the main pipeline reaches a second preset air pressure, the second automatic main valve is closed first and then the first automatic valve is opened.

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