CN115600796A - Enterprise carbon disk checking and calculating method based on carbon elimination factor method - Google Patents
Enterprise carbon disk checking and calculating method based on carbon elimination factor method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an enterprise carbon disk checking and calculating method based on a carbon elimination factor method, which comprises the following steps of: step 1, collecting carbon disk check data; collecting enterprise basic information, determining the activity levels of areas, industries, accounting boundaries and enterprises, and uploading the information to a system through an access center; the accounting boundary comprises fossil fuel emission, industrial process emission, outsourcing electric power emission, outsourcing heating power emission and solid carbon recovery emission; step 2, analyzing and processing carbon disk checking data; processing, analyzing and storing the enterprise carbon emission data according to the enterprise basic information, the accounting boundary, the enterprise activity level and the like; step 3, generating a report; and generating a carbon emission information report according to the system report target by using the data obtained by analyzing and calculating. The method gives consideration to the carbon emission accounting requirements of different industries, and simultaneously supplements the fixed carbon recovery algorithm to the algorithm, thereby being beneficial to enterprises to carry out carbon checking work in real time, quickly and accurately.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon emission accounting, in particular to an enterprise carbon disk checking and accounting method based on a carbon emission factor method.
Background
With the rapid development of economic society, the global warming problem is increasingly severe, the extreme weather is frequently attacked due to the aggravation of greenhouse effect, and an efficient, green, low-carbon and sustainable economic development means is sought, which becomes a global consensus.
The government of China puts forward the aims of 'carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization' in 2020, and draws attention in the domestic and international society. Enterprises serve as key main bodies for promoting the realization of the double-carbon target, and corresponding emission reduction schemes can be worked out only by determining the carbon dioxide emission amount of the enterprises through accounting, so that the carbon peak reaching and the carbon neutralization are really realized. Therefore, carbon disk examination is a necessary way to realize "carbon peak arrival" and "carbon neutralization". For an enterprise, carbon disk check is a process of self-checking and quantifying carbon emission in the enterprise, so that the carbon disk check work can be timely and accurately carried out, the enterprise can be helped to know the carbon emission condition of the enterprise, and a data basis is provided for the enterprise to formulate a carbon emission reduction strategy and implement a low carbon project; in the long run, carbon disk inspection is the basis for enterprises to find a full-life-cycle carbon management mode, and the carbon management mode is an important premise for the enterprises to realize carbon neutralization. Carbon inventory is an important measure for helping enterprises to find out own greenhouse gas emission conditions, and can also provide data-level guidance for future development planning for the enterprises.
With the development of the national carbon trading market, in order to enable enterprises to occupy an active position on the carbon trading market, the carbon disk check requirement shows the outbreak of the well-jet type, but the existing carbon disk check technical means and the development mode have certain problems and cannot meet the rapidly-increasing requirement.
Firstly, enterprise carbon disk inquiry is mainly developed by means of third-party institutions. Due to the lack of effective tools and methods, when enterprises carry out carbon inventory, third-party organizations have to be entrusted to carry out work, the time consumption period is long, and the cost is high;
secondly, the carbon disc checking tool lags behind. At present, the carbon disk checking and organizing implementation of enterprises still stays in paper operation or Excel tables, and various data are relatively complicated to search, retain, recheck, correct and calculate, and the efficiency is relatively low;
thirdly, the difference of the calculation standards among industries is large, and a large amount of industry professionals are required to participate. At present, the national release industry greenhouse gas emission accounting standard relates to 24 industries, and carbon checking of enterprises of related industries can be completed only by participation of professional personnel of the industries, so that the personnel requirement is high.
And fourthly, the cooperation change of the enterprise and the third organization is not beneficial to the continuous carbon disk check management of the enterprise, and further influences the formulation and implementation of the energy-saving and emission-reducing scheme of the enterprise.
With the continuous deepening of the carbon emission management of the country, an efficient, convenient and reliable enterprise carbon disk checking method which can be oriented to various industries needs to be introduced urgently, and application is developed through a software system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an enterprise carbon disk checking and calculating method based on a carbon emission factor method, which covers the national 24-industry greenhouse gas emission checking and calculating standards, gives consideration to the carbon emission checking and calculating requirements of different industries, supplements a fixed carbon recovery algorithm to the algorithm, is favorable for enterprises to carry out carbon disk checking work in real time, quickly and accurately, and has objective, direct and understandable results.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an enterprise carbon disk checking and calculating method based on a carbon ranking factor method comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting carbon disk search data; collecting enterprise basic information, determining the activity levels of areas, industries, accounting boundaries and enterprises, and uploading the information to a system through an access center; the accounting boundary comprises fossil fuel emission, industrial process emission, outsourcing electric power emission, outsourcing heating power emission and solid carbon recovery emission;
step 2, analyzing and processing carbon disk checking data; processing, analyzing and storing the carbon emission data of the enterprise according to the basic information, the accounting boundary, the activity level of the enterprise and the like of the enterprise;
step 3, generating a report; and generating a carbon emission information report according to a system report target by using the data obtained by analyzing and calculating.
Preferably, the carbon disk checking data analysis processing in the step 2 comprises an enterprise carbon emission calculation algorithm based on the carbon emission factor method principle, and the data analysis processing is realized through a data provider and a data analyzer; the step 2 specifically comprises the following substeps:
step 2.1, a data provider issues accounting boundary and accounting period data, and a data analyzer sends out data use requirements;
step 2.2, the data provider sends the encrypted original data to the data analyzer;
and 2.3, performing algorithm analysis and calculation by the data analysis party.
Preferably, step 2.1 comprises the following sub-steps:
A. the data provider issues metadata such as accounting boundary, accounting period and the like on an enterprise carbon disk checking system, wherein the accounting boundary data comprises description and data values of an original data set;
B. the data analysis party obtains the relevant information of all data from seeing the accounting boundaries and the accounting period data of a plurality of data providers, determines which original data of the data providers can obtain the required analysis result after aggregation, and sends a data use request to the corresponding data providers.
Preferably, step 2.2 comprises the following sub-steps:
A. a corresponding data provider generates activity level data, carbon emission factor data and an activity level verification certificate;
B. and the corresponding data provider sends the encrypted data to the data analyzer.
Preferably, step 2.3 comprises the following sub-steps:
A. the data analysis party calls the built-in emission factors and other parameters of the data provider to obtain the encrypted data provided by the data provider in the step 2;
B. the data analysis party sequentially completes the calculation of fossil fuel emission, industrial process emission, outsourcing power emission, outsourcing heating power emission and solid carbon recovery emission;
C. and the data analyzer completes the summation of the carbon emission data and the calculation of the carbon sequestration data, completes the primary data analysis aiming at the requirements (users) of the data provider and transmits the data to the data provider.
The invention has the advantages and technical effects that:
(1) The enterprise carbon emission checking system of the carbon emission factor method provided by the invention is used as a necessary tool for enterprises to carry out carbon checking work, so that the dependence on third-party institutions can be reduced, and the consumption of labor, time and capital cost of the enterprises is reduced; through data collection in the carbon disk checking process, when quota allocation is unreasonable, a curing certificate is provided for enterprise quota application addition, so that more carbon assets are strived for enterprises; the enterprises are helped to accumulate the carbon disk historical data wealth through the reserved historical data; the enterprise brings the carbon disk data checking result into an enterprise social responsibility report and a sustainable development report, establishes an enterprise low-carbon image, gains the trust of investors and consumers, and finally assists the enterprise to establish a low-carbon production system to realize green low-carbon transformation.
(2) The enterprise carbon checking method based on the carbon emission factor method provided by the invention has the advantages that the scientific and reasonable carbon emission calculation model can accurately calculate the carbon emission in the enterprise boundary, the enterprise carbon emission calculation management mode is gradually changed from the mode of roughly counting the carbon emission data and meeting the passive reporting management requirement to the mode of actively managing the accurate enterprise carbon emission boundary and the accurate accounting period time granularity, the enterprise carbon emission is accurately calculated, and the enterprise data reporting requirement is scientifically met, so that the accuracy of enterprise carbon emission data management is enhanced, the enterprise carbon assets are mined, and sufficient preparation work is provided for carbon transaction development.
(3) The carbon screening standards of 24 industries are integrated, an accurate carbon emission factor library is established, the carbon screening process of an enterprise is solidified in a software tool mode, the carbon screening factor library and the carbon screening algorithm facing different industries and different accounting boundaries are built in, the threshold of the enterprise for developing the carbon screening work is reduced, the enterprise carbon screening work can be continuously, efficiently and low-cost developed, the problem of hysteresis caused by the fact that the enterprise depends on the carbon screening of a third-party organization is solved, and the accuracy of the carbon emission calculation of the enterprise is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a carbon emissions calculation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an architecture diagram of an enterprise carbon disk inspection system application based on the carbon elimination factor method according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the contents, features and effects of the present invention, reference will now be made to the following examples, which are to be considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the present embodiment is illustrative, not restrictive, and the scope of the invention should not be limited thereby.
An enterprise carbon disk checking and calculating method based on a carbon elimination factor method comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting carbon disk search data; collecting enterprise basic information, determining the activity levels of areas, industries, accounting boundaries and enterprises, and uploading the information to a system through an access center; the accounting boundary comprises fossil fuel emission, industrial process emission, outsourcing electric power emission, outsourcing heating power emission and solid carbon recovery emission;
step 2, analyzing and processing carbon disk checking data; processing, analyzing and storing the enterprise carbon emission data according to the enterprise basic information, the accounting boundary, the enterprise activity level and the like;
step 3, generating a report; and generating a carbon emission information report according to the system report target by using the data obtained by analyzing and calculating.
Preferably, the carbon disk checking data analysis processing in the step 2 comprises an enterprise carbon emission calculation algorithm based on the carbon emission factor method principle, and data analysis processing is realized through a data provider and a data analyzer; the step 2 specifically comprises the following substeps:
step 2.1, a data provider issues accounting boundary and accounting period data, and a data analyzer sends out a data use demand;
step 2.2, the data provider sends the encrypted original data to the data analyzer;
and 2.3, performing algorithm analysis and calculation by the data analysis party.
Preferably, step 2.1 comprises the following sub-steps:
A. the data provider issues metadata such as accounting boundary, accounting period and the like on an enterprise carbon disk checking system, wherein the accounting boundary data comprises description and data values of an original data set;
C. the data analysis party obtains the relevant information of all data from seeing the accounting boundaries and the accounting period data of a plurality of data providers, determines which original data of the data providers can obtain a required analysis result after aggregation, and sends a data use request to the corresponding data providers.
Preferably, step 2.2 comprises the following sub-steps:
A. generating activity level data, carbon emission factor data and an activity level verification voucher by a corresponding data provider;
B. and the corresponding data provider sends the encrypted data to the data analyzer.
Preferably, step 2.3 comprises the following substeps:
A. the data analysis party calls the built-in emission factors and other parameters of the data provider to obtain the encrypted data provided by the data provider in the step 2;
B. the data analysis party sequentially completes the calculation of fossil fuel emission, industrial process emission, outsourcing power emission, outsourcing heating power emission and solid carbon recovery emission;
C. and the data analyzer completes the summation of the carbon emission data and the calculation of the carbon sequestration data, completes the primary data analysis aiming at the requirements (users) of the data provider and transmits the data to the data provider.
In order to more clearly describe the embodiments of the present invention, several examples are provided below:
the enterprise carbon disk checking system based on the carbon elimination factor method comprises an access center, a data center, an algorithm center and a service center according to a layered architecture. The access center is used for collecting access of basic data for carbon emission calculation, mainly takes manual input as a main part, and can upload related certificates at the same time; the data center is used for processing, calculating and storing the data collected by the access center; the algorithm center is used for managing algorithm formulas of enterprise carbon emission of different types, different industries and different energy consumptions, comprises a fossil fuel emission algorithm, an industrial process emission algorithm, an outsourcing power emission algorithm, an outsourcing heating power emission algorithm and a fixed carbon recovery algorithm, and manages activity factors; and the service center analyzes and applies the carbon disk data checking result to generate a carbon checking report.
To ensure that the construction, implementation and operation of the carbon disk inspection tool software can be effectively supported, the following basic principles are followed:
normative principle: the method follows the relevant standards and technical specifications of the informatization construction planning of the national power grid company and follows the application and development technical specification system established by the national power grid company.
And (3) fusion of an adaptability principle: the concept of componentization is adhered to, and the arrangement and integration scheme of each component in the system architecture realizes the close integration with the related business application.
Standardization and applicability: the method has the advantages that the method adheres to the standard and the applicability, and has no standard which is designed according to the specific conditions of projects and is related to the adoption of the existing international, national and industrial standards.
The principle of expandability is as follows: the system has flexible configuration of service processing, can be flexibly adjusted along with the change of service functions, and simultaneously provides a standard open interface, thereby facilitating the upgrading and reconstruction of the system and the interaction of data and information with other systems.
The system utilizes the design of the micro-service architecture to move the application to micro-service, so that the system is suitable for users with different application scenes, and the compatibility and expandability of the system are ensured. The functional architecture is shown in fig. 2, and the system is mainly designed into 6 modules of algorithm management, emission factor management, carbon disk check calculation, carbon disk check analysis, carbon disk check report and system management in the design of the business system.
The invention discloses a carbon emission algorithm based on a carbon emission factor method.
A set of scientific and accurate carbon dioxide emission accounting method and system can directly quantify carbon emission data, can find out potential emission reduction links and modes by analyzing the carbon emission data of all links, and are important for realizing carbon neutralization targets and building and operating carbon trading markets.
Carbon emissions inventory may employ both measurement-based and calculation-based methods. The measurement-based method is a calculation by continuously measuring the greenhouse gas emission concentration or volume, and the like, and a continuous monitoring system is required to be installed at an emission source for real-time monitoring.
The calculation-based methods can be further classified into an element balance method and an emission factor method. Principle of the element balance method: assuming that only carbon dioxide is produced by burning the fuel, and carbon element in the fuel is completely converted into carbon dioxide, the greenhouse gas emission of the enterprise in a certain period of time is obtained according to the fuel consumption and the mass conservation law.
The disadvantages of the element balance method: the combustion process of the fuel is very complicated, and when the oxygen content is insufficient, the carbon element is combusted to generate a large amount of carbon monoxide; it is also possible that the mixing is not uniform, the wind speed is too high, etc., which may cause insufficient combustion, and the global warming potential is much higher than that of carbon dioxide, which may challenge the assumption that carbon is completely combusted to produce carbon dioxide.
The emission factor method calculates the emission amount by combining the fuel type, the activity level, and the emission factor based on the fuel calorific value. The emission factor method is simple in calculation, high in authority and wide in application, and is adopted by relevant greenhouse gas list compiling guidelines, greenhouse gas emission accounting methods and report guidelines in China. In 2013-2015, the state issues accounting methods and report guidelines for greenhouse gas emission in 24 industries in three batches, and the lower basic tone is set for the carbon emission monitoring system in China.
Although the method based on measurement is accurate, the workload is large, the equipment cost is high, and the emission factor method is the most common carbon calculation method with the widest application range at present.
The calculation principle of the invention is as follows: carbon dioxide emissions are equal to the activity level multiplied by an emission factor, as shown in fig. 1.
Activity level data quantifies activities that contribute to enterprise greenhouse gas emissions, such as the amount of coal consumed by boiler combustion, residential utility consumption, and the like. The emission factor refers to the amount of greenhouse gas emitted per unit activity level (e.g., one ton of coal or one degree of electricity).
The system and the method which are researched and developed by the invention all adopt an emission factor method, and the algorithm is as follows:
E CO2 ＝E burning of +E Procedure +E Electric power +E Heating power -R Carbon sequestration
Content comprising 5 parts, wherein:
E CO2 the total CO2 emission of an enterprise is in tons (tCO 2);
E burning of The emission of CO2 generated by the combustion activity of all net consumed fossil fuels of an enterprise is in tons (tCO 2);
E Procedure the unit is ton (tCO 2) of CO2 emission generated in the industrial production process of enterprises;
E electric power The emission of CO2 generated by net purchasing of electric power for an enterprise is ton (tCO 2);
E heating power The CO2 emission amount generated by heat is purchased for enterprises in ton (tCO 2);
R carbon sequestration The unit of the emission of CO2 hidden in the carbon sequestration products of enterprises is ton (tCO 2).
The following is the development of the algorithm design for each part of the algorithm formula:
algorithm (1)
E Burning of For the accounting and reporting period the net consumption of CO2 emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels in tons (tCO 2);
i is the type of net consumption of fossil fuel.
FCi is the net consumption of the ith fossil fuel in tons (t) for solid or liquid fuels; for gaseous fuels, the unit is ten thousand cubic meters (ten thousand Nm 3).
NCVi is the average lower calorific value of the ith fossil fuel in million kilojoules per ton (GJ/t) for solid or liquid fuels; for gaseous fuels, the unit is million kilojoules per million cubic meters (GJ/ten thousand Nm 3);
CCi is the carbon content per heating value of the ith fossil fuel in tons of carbon per million kilojoules (tC/GJ);
OFi is the carbon oxidation rate of the ith fossil fuel in%.
The 44/12 coefficient is due to carbon dioxide (CO) 2 ) Contains 1 carbon atom and 2 oxygen atoms, and has a molecular weight of 44 (C atomic weight 12, O atomic weight 16). 1 ton of carbon can produce about 3.67 (= 44/12) tons of carbon dioxide after complete combustion in oxygen.
Algorithm (2)
Pi is the net consumption of the i-th production process raw material in the accounting and reporting period and is expressed in tons (t);
EF i CO as feedstock for the ith process 2 The emission factor is given in tCO2/t;
algorithm (3)
E Electric power ＝AD Electric power ×EF Electric power
E Electric power The unit is ton (tCO 2) for the net purchase of the CO2 emission implicitly generated by electric power and heat for production;
AD electric power The unit is megawatt hour (MWh) for net purchased electric quantity in accounting and reporting period;
EF electric power The CO2 emission factor of the power is respectively the unit of ton CO 2/megawatt hour (tCO 2/MWh).
Algorithm (4)
E Heating power ＝AD Heating power ×EF Heating power
E Heating power The unit of the CO2 emission amount implicitly generated by heating power for production is ton (tCO 2) for net purchase;
AD heating power Net purchased heat (e.g., steam) in units of million kilojoules (GJ) for the accounting and reporting period;
EF heating power CO2 emission factor is a thermodynamic (e.g., steam) factor in units of tons of CO2 per million kilojoules (tCO 2/GJ).
Algorithm (5)
R Carbon sequestration ＝∑ i＝1 n AD Carbon sequestration ×EF Carbon sequestration
R Carbon sequestration The unit of the emission of CO2 hidden by the carbon fixation product is ton (tCO 2);
AD carbon sequestration The yield of the ith carbon fixation product is expressed in tons (t);
EF carbon sequestration Is the CO2 emission factor of the ith carbon fixation product, and the unit is tCO2/t;
i is the type of the carbon-fixing product (such as crude steel, methanol and the like).
The activity level acquisition related in the algorithms (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) is realized by setting a data input window in an enterprise carbon inventory system, verifying through front-end data input and back-end, and finishing the activity level data acquisition by taking purchase, sale and settlement certificates filed by suppliers and enterprises in an accounting and reporting period as evidences or butting the activity level acquisition with an enterprise energy balance table interface through the enterprise carbon inventory system.
The carbon emission factors related in the algorithms (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) are used for establishing a carbon emission factor database in the system, selecting corresponding factors published in the latest year by national governing departments as references, and providing data interface docking when an enterprise has self-detection data.
Finally, the invention preferably adopts mature products and mature technical means in the prior art.
It will be appreciated that modifications and variations are possible to those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings, and it is intended to cover all such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. An enterprise carbon disk checking and calculating method based on a carbon elimination factor method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, collecting carbon disk check data; collecting enterprise basic information, determining the activity levels of areas, industries, accounting boundaries and enterprises, and uploading the information to a system through an access center; the accounting boundary comprises fossil fuel emission, industrial process emission, outsourcing electric power emission, outsourcing heating power emission and solid carbon recovery emission;
step 2, analyzing and processing carbon disk checking data; processing, analyzing and storing the carbon emission data of the enterprise according to the basic information, the accounting boundary, the activity level of the enterprise and the like of the enterprise;
step 3, generating a report; and generating a carbon emission information report according to a system report target by using the data obtained by analyzing and calculating.
2. The method for checking and calculating the enterprise carbon disk based on the carbon ranking factor method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the carbon disk inquiry data analysis processing in the step 2 comprises an enterprise carbon emission calculation algorithm based on the carbon emission factor method principle, and data analysis processing is realized through a data provider and a data analyzer; the step 2 specifically comprises the following substeps:
step 2.1, a data provider issues accounting boundary and accounting period data, and a data analyzer sends out data use requirements;
step 2.2, the data provider sends the encrypted original data to the data analyzer;
and 2.3, performing algorithm analysis and calculation by a data analysis party.
3. The enterprise carbon disk checking and calculating method based on the carbon ranking factor method according to claim 2, characterized in that: said step 2.1 comprises the following sub-steps:
A. the data provider issues metadata such as accounting boundary, accounting period and the like on an enterprise carbon disk checking system, wherein the accounting boundary data comprises description and data values of an original data set;
B. the data analysis party obtains the relevant information of all data from seeing the accounting boundaries and the accounting period data of a plurality of data providers, determines which original data of the data providers can obtain a required analysis result after aggregation, and sends a data use request to the corresponding data providers.
4. The enterprise carbon disk checking and calculating method based on the carbon ranking factor method according to claim 2, characterized in that: said step 2.2 comprises the following sub-steps:
A. generating activity level data, carbon emission factor data and an activity level verification voucher by a corresponding data provider;
B. and the corresponding data provider sends the encrypted data to the data analyzer.
5. The enterprise carbon disk checking and calculating method based on the carbon ranking factor method according to claim 2, characterized in that: said step 2.3 comprises the following sub-steps:
A. the data analysis party calls built-in emission factors and other parameters of the data provider and obtains the encrypted data provided by the data provider in the step 2;
B. the data analysis party sequentially completes the calculation of fossil fuel emission, industrial process emission, outsourcing power emission, outsourcing heating power emission and solid carbon recovery emission;
C. and the data analyzer completes the summation of the carbon emission data and the calculation of the carbon sequestration data, completes the primary data analysis aiming at the requirements (users) of the data provider and transmits the data to the data provider.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116757732A (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-09-15 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Textile enterprise industry carbon emission checking accounting method |
| CN116823295A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-09-29 | 国网山东省电力公司营销服务中心(计量中心) | Method, system, equipment and medium for measuring carbon emission in steel industry |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116757732A (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-09-15 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Textile enterprise industry carbon emission checking accounting method |
| CN116757732B (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2024-03-26 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Textile enterprise industry carbon emission checking accounting method |
| CN116823295A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-09-29 | 国网山东省电力公司营销服务中心(计量中心) | Method, system, equipment and medium for measuring carbon emission in steel industry |
| CN116823295B (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2024-04-19 | 国网山东省电力公司营销服务中心(计量中心) | Method, system, equipment and medium for measuring carbon emission in steel industry |
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