CN115600687B - Model training method, device, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Model training method, device, equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The disclosure provides a model training method, device, equipment and storage medium, relates to the technical field of computers, and particularly relates to the technical fields of artificial intelligence, deep learning, distributed training and the like. The specific implementation scheme is as follows: for each of the at least one model training phase, obtaining at least one computing operation, at least one communication operation, and a synchronization pattern corresponding to the model training phase; assigning at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation to a computing stream and a communication stream according to a synchronization pattern; and performing the computational flow and the communication flow to train the model.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of computer technology, and in particular, to the technical fields of artificial intelligence, deep learning, distributed training, and the like.
Background
In recent years, with the increasing data volume, users have increasingly higher requirements on the performance of deep learning model training. Distributed training by using a distributed system is an effective performance improvement means. However, there is a significant overhead in communication between and within the distributed systems. Thus, there is a need to reduce the congestion of communications on computation to adequately meet user performance requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure provides a model training method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and program product.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a model training method including: for each of at least one model training phase, obtaining at least one computing operation, at least one communication operation, and a synchronization pattern corresponding to the model training phase; assigning the at least one computing operation and the at least one communication operation to a computing stream and a communication stream according to the synchronization pattern; and executing the computational flow and the communication flow to train the model.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a model training apparatus including: an acquisition module for acquiring, for each of at least one model training phase, at least one computing operation, at least one communication operation, and a synchronization pattern corresponding to the model training phase; an allocation module for allocating the at least one computing operation and the at least one communication operation into a computing stream and a communication stream according to the synchronization pattern; and an execution module to execute the computational flow and the communication flow to train the model.
Another aspect of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the methods shown in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
According to another aspect of the disclosed embodiments, there is provided a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the methods shown in the disclosed embodiments.
According to another aspect of the disclosed embodiments, there is provided a computer program product comprising a computer program/instruction, characterized in that the computer program/instruction, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method shown in the disclosed embodiments.
It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following specification.
Drawings
The drawings are for a better understanding of the present solution and are not to be construed as limiting the present disclosure. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario of a model training method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a model training method according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a method of assigning at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation into a computing stream and a communication stream, in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of a method of assigning at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation into a computing stream and a communication stream according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a method of assigning at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation into a computing stream and a communication stream according to another embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of a method of assigning at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation into a computing stream and a communication stream according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a method of assigning at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation into a computing stream and a communication stream according to a synchronization pattern according to another embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 8 schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of a method of assigning at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation into a computing stream and a communication stream according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 9 schematically illustrates a block diagram of a model training apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure; and
FIG. 10 schematically illustrates a block diagram of an example electronic device that may be used to implement embodiments of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which include various details of the embodiments of the present disclosure to facilitate understanding, and should be considered as merely exemplary. Accordingly, one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications of the embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Also, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted in the following description for clarity and conciseness.
An application scenario of the model training method and apparatus provided in the present disclosure will be described below with reference to fig. 1.
Fig. 1 is an application scenario schematic diagram of a model training method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. It should be noted that fig. 1 illustrates only an example of an application scenario in which the embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to help those skilled in the art understand the technical content of the present disclosure, but it does not mean that the embodiments of the present disclosure may not be applied to other devices, systems, environments, or scenarios.
As shown in fig. 1, the application scenario 100 includes computing nodes 101, 102, 103.
According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the compute nodes 101, 102, 103 may include CPUs (central processing units), GPUs (graphics processors), and the like. The compute nodes 101, 102, 103 may be used to perform computing operations in model training. Communication may take place between the computing nodes 101, 102, 103 to send or receive data. For example, the computing nodes 101, 102, 103 may receive computing data from other nodes, from which local computations are performed. The computing nodes 101, 102, 103 may transmit the calculation result obtained by the local calculation to other nodes.
Illustratively, in this embodiment, the computing node 101 may calculate the first calculation result according to the input data. The first calculation result is then sent to the calculation node 102. The computing node 102 may receive the first computation result, compute a second computation result according to the first computation result, and then may send the second computation result to the computing node 103. The computing node 103 may receive the second calculation result and calculate an output result according to the second calculation result.
In the technical scheme of the disclosure, the related processes of collecting, storing, using, processing, transmitting, providing, disclosing, applying and the like of the personal information of the user all conform to the regulations of related laws and regulations, necessary security measures are adopted, and the public order harmony is not violated.
In the technical scheme of the disclosure, the authorization or consent of the user is obtained before the personal information of the user is obtained or acquired.
The model training method provided by the present disclosure will be described below with reference to fig. 2.
Fig. 2 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a model training method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method may be applied, for example, to the computing nodes shown above, hereinafter referred to as nodes.
As shown in fig. 2, the model training method 200 includes acquiring, for each of at least one model training phase, at least one computing operation, at least one communication operation, and synchronization parameters corresponding to the model training phase, in operation S210.
According to embodiments of the present disclosure, model training may be divided into at least one model training phase, for example, each model training phase may correspond to at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation. The computing operations may include, for example, adding, subtracting, multiplying, dividing, exclusive-or, and the like. The communication operation may be used to receive data from other nodes or to send data of the present node to other nodes. The data may be a calculation result of the calculation operation, and the other nodes may be one or a plurality of other nodes.
Then, at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation are allocated into the computing stream and the communication stream according to the synchronization pattern in operation S220.
According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the synchronization pattern employed in the model training phase may be indicated, for example, by a synchronization parameter. The synchronization parameters may be made available to the user equipment. The computation flow (calculation stream) and the communication flow (communication stream) may each comprise an operation queue, for example.
In operation S230, the calculation flow and the communication flow are performed in order to train the model.
According to embodiments of the present disclosure, for example, a computation flow and a communication flow may be executed in parallel, wherein operations in the computation flow are executed in series during execution of the computation flow, and operations in the communication flow are executed in series during execution of the communication flow.
In the process of training the deep learning model by using the distributed system, large overheads exist in communication between the distributed systems and in the systems, and therefore calculation is blocked.
The computation flow and the communication flow in this embodiment may be, for example, a CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture, unified computing device architecture) flow (stream), which is an operation queue constructed using the asynchronous nature of CUDA functions. Operations belonging to different streams are asynchronous and thus may be parallel. While operations belonging to the same stream are serial. Since the CUDA function itself is asynchronous, this approach can effectively reduce blocking of asynchronous operations.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, by distributing the computing operation and the communication operation to the computing flow and the communication flow, the computing flow and the communication flow have their own roles, which is beneficial to realizing overlapping of the communication process and the computing process, reducing the communication overhead and improving the computing efficiency.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the synchronous mode may include at least one of an asynchronous mode, a communication stream synchronous mode, and a calculation stream synchronous mode, for example.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the at least one computing operation may include a first computing operation, and the at least one communication operation may include a first communication operation. The first computing operation may be a computing operation in which the computing result needs to be sent to other nodes. The first communication operation may be for transmitting a calculation result of the first calculation operation to the first node. The first computing operation may be plural, and the first communication operation may be plural.
According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the at least one computing operation may further comprise a second computing operation, and the at least one communication operation may further comprise a second communication operation. The second computing operation may be a computing operation that requires computing data of other nodes to perform the computation. The second communication operation is used for acquiring calculation data from the second node, and the second calculation operation is used for calculating the calculation data.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first computing operation and the second computing operation may be the same operation or different operations. The first communication operation and the second communication operation may be the same operation or different operations.
Because of the asynchronous nature of the CUDA function itself, additional design is needed to ensure correctness if data synchronization across multiple streams is to be achieved. To solve this problem, the flow may be used for messaging to achieve synchronization after the computation is completed. However, this process ignores the serial nature of the CUDA flow itself, and the number of message passes is large, and the overhead of flow switching is large. Moreover, the user cannot feel and interfere in the process of message transmission, which is unfavorable for optimization, and the requirement of the user on performance is difficult to meet.
According to embodiments of the present disclosure, operations belonging to different flows are asynchronous. By further subdividing the streams into a computation stream and a communication stream, which each function, the effect of asynchronous execution can be achieved, enabling overlapping of communication procedures and computation procedures. Operations belonging to the same flow may be performed serially. By performing successive computation operations on the computation flow, or performing subsequent computation operations directly on the communication flow after the communication operation, the number of times of switching flows can be reduced while guaranteeing synchronization semantics, thereby reducing overhead.
The method of allocating at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation into a computing stream and a communication stream provided by the present disclosure in the case where the synchronous mode is the asynchronous mode will be described below with reference to fig. 3.
Fig. 3 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a method of assigning at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation into a computing stream and a communication stream according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
As shown in fig. 3, in case that the synchronous mode is the asynchronous mode, the method 330 of allocating at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation into the computing stream and the communication stream includes adding at least one computing operation in the computing stream and adding at least one communication operation in the communication stream in operation S331.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, for a plurality of computing operations, the plurality of computing operations may be added to the computing stream according to an execution order of the computing operations. The earlier the computation operations performed the earlier the position in the computation flow.
In operation S332, it is determined whether at least one computing operation includes a first computing operation. If the at least one computing operation includes a first computing operation, operation S333 is performed. Otherwise, operation S335 is performed.
According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the first computing operation may include a computing operation that requires a computation result to be sent to other nodes. Each first computing operation may correspond to a first communication operation, and may be configured to send the computation result of the first computing node to other nodes.
In operation S333, a first switching operation is added to a next bit of the first computing operation in the computing stream.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first switching operation may be used to switch to a first communication operation corresponding to the first calculation operation in the communication flow, thereby performing the first communication operation in the next step.
In operation S334, a first waiting operation is added to a previous bit of the first communication operation in the communication stream.
According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first waiting operation may be used to wait for the first switching operation to finish execution. The communication flow is in a waiting state before the first switching operation is performed, and after the first switching operation is performed, the waiting state is ended and the first communication operation starts to be performed.
In operation S335, it is determined whether the at least one computing operation includes a second computing operation. If the at least one computing operation includes a second computing operation, operations S336-S337 are performed. Otherwise, the operation is ended.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second computing operation may include a computing operation requiring computation from computing data from other nodes. Each second computing operation may correspond to a second communication operation that may be used to obtain computing data from other nodes that is required by the second computing node to provide to the second computing node.
In operation S336, a third switching operation is added to the communication stream subsequent to the second communication operation.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the third switching operation may be used to switch to a second computing operation corresponding to the second communication operation in the computing flow, thereby performing the second computing operation in the next step.
In operation S337, a third waiting operation is added to a previous bit of the second calculation operation in the calculation flow.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the third waiting operation may be used to wait for the third switching operation to be performed. Before the third switching operation is executed, the calculation flow is in a waiting state, and after the third switching operation is executed, the waiting state is ended, and the second calculation operation starts to be executed.
It should be noted that each calculation operation and communication operation is added only once, and is not repeated.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, by further dividing the flow into the calculation flow and the communication flow, the calculation flow and the communication flow each take their part in the role, the effect of asynchronous execution can be achieved, the communication process and the calculation process can be overlapped, and the calculation efficiency can be improved.
The method of allocating at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation into a computing stream and a communication stream in the case where the synchronous mode is the asynchronous mode, as shown above, is further described with reference to fig. 4 in connection with an embodiment. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following example embodiments are merely for the understanding of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
Fig. 4 schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of a method of assigning at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation into a computing stream and a communication stream according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 4, the computing operations may include 411, 412, 413, 414. The communication operations may include 441, 442. Wherein the computing operations 412, 413 are first computing operations, the communication operation 441 is a first communication operation corresponding to the computing operation 412, and the communication operation 442 is a first communication operation corresponding to the computing operation 413. The computing operation 414 is a second computing operation, and the communication operation 442 is a second communication operation corresponding to the computing operation 414.
Based on this, the computation operations 411, 412, 413, 414 may be added sequentially to the computation flow, and the communication operations 441, 442 may be added sequentially to the communication flow. Then the next bit of the calculation operation 412 is added to the switching operation 421 in the calculation flow and the previous bit of the communication operation 441 is added to the waiting operation 431 in the communication flow. A next bit addition switching operation 422 of the calculation operation 413 in the calculation flow and a previous bit addition waiting operation 432 of the communication operation 442 in the communication flow. A next bit addition switching operation 451 of communication operation 442 in the communication stream, and a previous bit addition waiting operation 461 of calculation operation 414 in the calculation stream.
In the following, a method for allocating at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation into a computing stream and a communication stream according to a synchronization mode in the case where the synchronization mode is the communication stream synchronization mode provided in the present disclosure will be described with reference to fig. 5.
Fig. 5 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a method of assigning at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation into a computing stream and a communication stream according to another embodiment of the disclosure.
As shown in fig. 5, in case that the synchronization mode is a communication flow synchronization mode, the method 530 of allocating at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation into the computing flow and the communication flow includes adding at least one communication operation in the communication flow in operation S531.
In operation S532, it is determined whether at least one computing operation includes a second computing operation. If the at least one computing operation includes a second computing operation, operation S533 is performed. Otherwise, operation S534 is performed.
In operation S533, for each second communication operation in the communication flow, a second calculation operation corresponding to the second communication operation is added in a subsequent bit of the second communication operation.
In operation S534, it is determined whether the at least one computing operation includes a first computing operation. If the at least one computing operation includes a first computing operation, operation S535 is performed. Otherwise, operation S538 is performed.
In operation S535, a first computing operation is added to the computing stream.
According to embodiments of the present disclosure, if a computing operation has been added to a communication flow, the addition to the computing flow is not repeated.
In operation S536, a first switching operation is added to a bit subsequent to the first computing operation in the computing stream, and a second waiting operation is added to a bit subsequent to the first switching operation.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a first switching operation may be used to switch to a first communication operation corresponding to a first computing operation in a communication flow, and a second waiting operation may be used to wait for the first communication operation to finish execution.
In operation S537, a first waiting operation is added to the communication stream before the first communication operation, and a second switching operation is added to the communication stream after the first waiting operation.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a first waiting operation may be used to wait for the completion of the execution of a first switching operation, and a second switching operation may be used to switch to a first computing operation corresponding to a first communication operation in a computing stream.
In operation S538, a computing operation among at least one computing operation that is not added to the computing stream and the communication stream is added to the computing stream.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, for computing operations among at least one computing operation that are not added to the computing stream and the communication stream, these computing operations may be added to specified positions in the computing stream according to an execution order.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the number of times of switching the streams can be reduced by performing subsequent calculation operations directly on the communication streams after the communication operation, thereby reducing the overhead.
The method of allocating at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation into a computing stream and a communication stream according to the synchronization mode in the case where the synchronization mode is the communication stream synchronization mode as shown above is further described with reference to fig. 6 in connection with the embodiment. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following example embodiments are merely for the understanding of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
Fig. 6 schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of a method of assigning at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation into a computing stream and a communication stream according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 6, the computing operations may include 611, 612, 613. The communication operations may include 621, 622. The computing operation 612 is a first computing operation, and the communication operation 421 is a first communication operation corresponding to the computing operation 612. The computing operation 613 is a second computing operation, and the communication operation 621 is a second communication operation corresponding to the computing operation 613.
Based on this, computing operations 611, 612, 613 may be added sequentially to the computing stream. The calculation operation 613 is then added to the communication stream at the next bit of communication operation 621, i.e., the previous bit of communication operation 622. It should be noted that each calculation operation and communication operation is added only once, and is not repeated. A switching operation 631 is added subsequent to the computing operation 612 followed by a waiting operation 651. A wait operation 641 is added to the previous bit of the communication operation 621. In addition, a waiting operation 651 may be added to the calculation flow according to the needs of the user, so as to wait for the completion of the communication operation 622.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, by performing the subsequent calculation operation 613 directly on the communication flow after the communication operation 621, the steps of waiting operation, switching operation, and the like required for switching the communication operation 621 to the calculation operation 613 are reduced, thereby reducing overhead.
The method of allocating at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation into a computing stream and a communication stream according to the synchronization mode in the case where the synchronization mode is the computing stream synchronization mode provided in the present disclosure will be described below with reference to fig. 7.
Fig. 7 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a method of allocating at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation into a computing stream and a communication stream according to a synchronization pattern according to another embodiment of the disclosure.
As shown in fig. 7, in case that the synchronization mode is a computation flow synchronization mode, the method 730 of allocating at least one computation operation and at least one communication operation into the computation flow and the communication flow includes adding at least one computation operation in the computation flow in operation S731.
In operation S732, it is determined whether the first computing operation is included in the at least one computing operation. If the first computing operation is included in the at least one computing operation, operation S733 is performed. Otherwise, operation S734 is performed.
In operation S733, for each first computing operation in the computing stream, a first communication operation corresponding to the first computing operation is added at a subsequent bit of the first computing operation.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, by adding the first communication operation corresponding to the first calculation operation at the later bit of the first calculation operation, the first communication operation can be continuously executed in the calculation flow after the first calculation operation is finished, flow switching is not needed, switching loss is reduced, and calculation efficiency is improved.
In operation S734, it is determined whether a second computing operation is included in the at least one computing operation. If the second computing operation is included in the at least one computing operation, operation S735 is performed. Otherwise, the operation is ended.
In operation S735, for each second computing operation in the computing stream, a second communication operation corresponding to the second computing operation is added in a previous bit of the second computing operation.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the second communication operation corresponding to the second calculation operation is added in the previous bit of the second calculation operation, so that the first calculation operation can be directly executed in the calculation flow after the first communication operation is finished, flow switching is not needed, switching loss is reduced, and calculation efficiency is improved.
The method of allocating at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation into a computing stream and a communication stream according to the synchronization mode in the case where the synchronization mode is the computing stream synchronization mode as shown above is further described with reference to fig. 8 in connection with the embodiment. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following example embodiments are merely for the understanding of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
Fig. 8 schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of a method of assigning at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation into a computing stream and a communication stream according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 8, the computing operations may include 811, 812, 813. The communication operations may include 821, 822. The computing operations 812, 813 may be first computing operations, the communication operation 821 is a first communication operation corresponding to the computing operation 812, and the communication operation 822 is a first communication operation corresponding to the computing operation 813. The computing operation 813 may also be a second computing operation, and the communication operation 821 is a second communication operation corresponding to the computing operation 813.
Based on this, computing operations 811, 812, 813 may be added sequentially to the computation flow. The next bit of the calculation operation 812, i.e., the previous bit of the calculation operation 813, is then added to the communication operation 821 in the calculation flow, and the next bit of the calculation operation 813 is added to the communication operation 822.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, by adding the communication operations 821, 822 to the computation flow, the computation operations 811, 812, the communication operation 821, the computation operation 813, and the computation operation 813 can be performed continuously on the computation flow, without switching to the communication flow, without waiting for the steps of operation, switching operation, and the like, thereby reducing the number of times of switching the flow and reducing the overhead.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, in the process of training the model, a user can set a corresponding synchronous mode for each model training stage according to actual needs.
According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, for example, an application program interface may be provided, wherein the application program interface may be used to receive the synchronization parameters. The synchronization parameter may represent a synchronization pattern. By providing the application program interface to the user, the user can enter synchronization parameters at the application program interface to set the synchronization mode of the model training phase. Thus, further demands of users for performance in specific scenarios can be met.
The model training apparatus provided by the present disclosure will be described below with reference to fig. 9.
Fig. 9 schematically illustrates a block diagram of a model training apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 9, the model training apparatus 900 includes an acquisition module 910, an allocation module 920, and an execution module 930.
An acquisition module 910 for acquiring, for each of the at least one model training phase, at least one computing operation, at least one communication operation, and a synchronization pattern corresponding to the model training phase.
The allocation module 920 is configured to allocate at least one computing operation and at least one communication operation to the computing stream and the communication stream according to the synchronization mode.
An execution module 930 for executing the computation flow and the communication flow to train the model.
According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the at least one computing operation may comprise a first computing operation, and the at least one communication operation may comprise a first communication operation, which may be used to send a result of the computation of the first computing operation to a first node. The first node may be any other node than the current executing node. The first node may be one or a plurality of first nodes.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the allocation module may include: a first adding sub-module for adding the at least one computing operation in the computing stream and the at least one communication operation in the communication stream if the synchronous mode is an asynchronous mode; a second adding sub-module, configured to add a first switching operation to a bit subsequent to the first computing operation in the computing flow, where the first switching operation is used to switch to a first communication operation corresponding to the first computing operation in the communication flow; and a third adding sub-module, configured to add a first waiting operation to a bit preceding the first communication operation in the communication flow, where the first waiting operation is used to wait for the execution of the first switching operation to finish.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the allocation module may include: a fourth adding sub-module, configured to add the at least one computing operation in the computing stream and add the at least one communication operation in the communication stream, where the synchronization mode is a communication stream synchronization mode; a fifth adding sub-module, configured to add a first switching operation to a bit after the first computing operation in the computing stream, and add a second waiting operation to a bit after the first switching operation, where the first switching operation is used to switch to a first communication operation corresponding to the first computing operation in the communication stream, and the second waiting operation is used to wait for the execution of the first communication operation to finish; and a sixth adding sub-module, configured to add a first waiting operation to a bit before the first communication operation in the communication flow, and add a second switching operation to a bit after the first waiting operation, where the first waiting operation is used to wait for the first switching operation to be performed, and the second switching operation is used to switch to a first computing operation corresponding to the first communication operation in the computing flow.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the allocation module may include: a seventh adding sub-module, configured to add the at least one computing operation in the computing stream if the synchronization mode is a computing stream synchronization mode; and an eighth adding sub-module for adding, for each first computing operation in the computing stream, a first communication operation corresponding to the first computing operation at a subsequent bit to the first computing operation.
According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the at least one computing operation may comprise a second computing operation, the at least one communication operation may comprise a second communication operation, the second communication operation may be used to obtain computing data from a second node, the second computing operation may be used to compute the computing data. The second node may be any other node than the currently executing node. The second node may be one or a plurality of second nodes. The second node may be the same node as the first node, or may be a different node.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the allocation module may include: a ninth adding sub-module, configured to add the at least one computing operation in the computing stream and add the at least one communication operation in the communication stream, in a case where the synchronous mode is an asynchronous mode; a tenth adding submodule, configured to add a third switching operation to a bit after the second communication operation in the communication flow, where the third switching operation is used to switch to a second computing operation corresponding to the second communication operation in the computing flow; and an eleventh adding submodule, configured to add a third waiting operation to a bit before the second computing operation in the computing flow, where the third waiting operation is used to wait for the third switching operation to finish executing.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the allocation module may include: a twelfth adding sub-module, configured to add the at least one communication operation in the communication flow if the synchronization mode is a communication flow synchronization mode; and a thirteenth adding sub-module configured to add, for each second communication operation in the communication flow, a second calculation operation corresponding to the second communication operation in a subsequent bit to the second communication operation.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the allocation module may include: a fourteenth adding sub-module for adding the at least one computing operation in the computing stream if the synchronization mode is a computing stream synchronization mode; and a fifteenth adding sub-module for adding, for each second computing operation in the computing stream, a second communication operation corresponding to the second computing operation in a preceding bit of the second computing operation.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an execution module includes: and the execution submodule is used for executing the calculation flow and the communication flow in parallel, wherein the operation in the calculation flow is executed in series in the process of executing the calculation flow, and the operation in the communication flow is executed in series in the process of executing the communication flow.
According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the present disclosure also provides an electronic device, a readable storage medium and a computer program product.
Fig. 10 schematically illustrates a block diagram of an example electronic device 1000 that may be used to implement embodiments of the present disclosure. Electronic devices are intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptops, desktops, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframes, and other appropriate computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular telephones, smartphones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions, are meant to be exemplary only, and are not meant to limit implementations of the disclosure described and/or claimed herein.
As shown in fig. 10, the apparatus 1000 includes a computing unit 1001 that can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a computer program stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM) 1002 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 1008 into a Random Access Memory (RAM) 1003. In the RAM 1003, various programs and data required for the operation of the device 1000 can also be stored. The computing unit 1001, the ROM 1002, and the RAM 1003 are connected to each other by a bus 1004. An input/output (I/O) interface 1005 is also connected to bus 1004.
Various components in device 1000 are connected to I/O interface 1005, including: an input unit 1006 such as a keyboard, a mouse, and the like; an output unit 1007 such as various types of displays, speakers, and the like; a storage unit 1008 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like; and communication unit 1009 such as a network card, modem, wireless communication transceiver, etc. Communication unit 1009 allows device 1000 to exchange information/data with other devices via a computer network, such as the internet, and/or various telecommunications networks.
The computing unit 1001 may be a variety of general and/or special purpose processing components having processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of computing unit 1001 include, but are not limited to, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), various specialized Artificial Intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The computing unit 1001 performs the respective methods and processes described above, such as a model training method. For example, in some embodiments, the model training method may be implemented as a computer software program tangibly embodied on a machine-readable medium, such as the storage unit 1008. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and/or installed onto device 1000 via ROM 1002 and/or communication unit 1009. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 1003 and executed by computing unit 1001, one or more steps of the model training method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 1001 may be configured to perform the model training method in any other suitable way (e.g., by means of firmware).
Various implementations of the systems and techniques described here above can be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuit systems, field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), application Specific Standard Products (ASSPs), systems On Chip (SOCs), complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and/or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include: implemented in one or more computer programs, the one or more computer programs may be executed and/or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a special purpose or general-purpose programmable processor, that may receive data and instructions from, and transmit data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device.
Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus such that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, causes the functions/operations specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on the machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
In the context of this disclosure, a machine-readable medium may be a tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. The machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described here can be implemented on a computer having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to a user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) by which a user can provide input to the computer. Other kinds of devices may also be used to provide for interaction with a user; for example, feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form, including acoustic input, speech input, or tactile input.
The systems and techniques described here can be implemented in a computing system that includes a background component (e.g., as a data server), or that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), or that includes a front-end component (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described here), or any combination of such background, middleware, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: local Area Networks (LANs), wide Area Networks (WANs), and the internet.
The computer system may include a client and a server. The client and server are typically remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other.
The server can be a cloud server, also called a cloud computing server or a cloud host, and is a host product in a cloud computing service system, so that the defects of high management difficulty and weak service expansibility in the traditional physical hosts and VPS service ("Virtual Private Server" or simply "VPS") are overcome. The server may also be a server of a distributed system or a server that incorporates a blockchain.
It should be appreciated that various forms of the flows shown above may be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps recited in the present disclosure may be performed in parallel or sequentially or in a different order, provided that the desired results of the technical solutions of the present disclosure are achieved, and are not limited herein.
The above detailed description should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alternatives are possible, depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (12)
1. A model training method, comprising:
for each of the at least one model training phase,
acquiring at least one computing operation, at least one communication operation and a synchronization mode corresponding to the model training phase, wherein the at least one computing operation comprises a first computing operation, the at least one communication operation comprises a first communication operation, and the first communication operation is used for sending a computing result of the first computing operation to a first node;
Distributing the at least one computing operation into a computing stream and the at least one communication operation into a communication stream according to the synchronization pattern; and
executing the computational flow and the communication flow to train the model;
wherein said assigning the at least one computing operation to a computing stream and the at least one communication operation to a communication stream according to the synchronization pattern comprises: in case the synchronization pattern is a computational stream synchronization pattern,
adding the at least one computing operation in the computing stream; and
for each first computing operation in the computing stream, adding a first communication operation corresponding to the first computing operation at a later bit of the first computing operation.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the assigning the at least one computing operation to a computing flow and the at least one communication operation into a communication flow according to the synchronization pattern further comprises:
in case the synchronous mode is an asynchronous mode,
adding the at least one computing operation in the computing stream, adding the at least one communication operation in the communication stream;
Adding a first switching operation in a subsequent bit of the first computing operation in the computing stream, wherein the first switching operation is used for switching to a first communication operation corresponding to the first computing operation in the communication stream; and
and adding a first waiting operation in the communication flow before the first communication operation, wherein the first waiting operation is used for waiting for the completion of the execution of the first switching operation.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the assigning the at least one computing operation to a computing flow and the at least one communication operation into a communication flow according to the synchronization pattern further comprises:
in the case where the synchronization mode is a traffic synchronization mode,
adding the at least one computing operation in the computing stream, adding the at least one communication operation in the communication stream;
adding a first switching operation in a subsequent bit of the first computing operation in the computing stream, and adding a second waiting operation in the subsequent bit of the first switching operation, wherein the first switching operation is used for switching to a first communication operation corresponding to the first computing operation in the communication stream, and the second waiting operation is used for waiting for the execution of the first communication operation; and
Adding a first waiting operation in the communication flow before the first communication operation, and adding a second switching operation in the communication flow after the first waiting operation, wherein the first waiting operation is used for waiting for the execution of the first switching operation, and the second switching operation is used for switching to a first computing operation corresponding to the first communication operation in the computing flow.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one computing operation further comprises a second computing operation, the at least one communication operation comprising a second communication operation to obtain computing data from a second node, the second computing operation to compute the computing data.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the assigning the at least one computing operation to a computing flow and the at least one communication operation into a communication flow according to the synchronization pattern further comprises:
in case the synchronous mode is an asynchronous mode,
adding the at least one computing operation in the computing stream, adding the at least one communication operation in the communication stream;
Adding a third switching operation to the subsequent bit of the second communication operation in the communication flow, wherein the third switching operation is used for switching to a second computing operation corresponding to the second communication operation in the computing flow; and
and adding a third waiting operation in the computing flow before the second computing operation, wherein the third waiting operation is used for waiting for the completion of the execution of the third switching operation.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the assigning the at least one computing operation to a computing flow and the at least one communication operation into a communication flow according to the synchronization pattern further comprises:
in the case where the synchronization mode is a traffic synchronization mode,
adding the at least one communication operation in the communication stream; and
for each second communication operation in the communication flow, adding a second computing operation corresponding to the second communication operation in a subsequent bit of the second communication operation.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the assigning the at least one computing operation to a computing stream and the at least one communication operation to a communication stream according to the synchronization pattern further comprises:
In case the synchronization pattern is a computational stream synchronization pattern,
adding the at least one computing operation in the computing stream; and
for each second computing operation in the computing stream, adding a second communication operation corresponding to the second computing operation in a preceding bit of the second computing operation.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the performing operations in the computing stream and the communication stream comprises:
and executing the calculation flow and the communication flow in parallel, wherein the operations in the calculation flow are executed in series during the execution of the calculation flow, and the operations in the communication flow are executed in series during the execution of the communication flow.
9. A model training apparatus comprising:
an obtaining module, configured to obtain, for each model training stage of at least one model training stage, at least one computing operation, at least one communication operation, and a synchronization mode corresponding to the model training stage, where the at least one computing operation includes a first computing operation, and the at least one communication operation includes a first communication operation, where the first communication operation is configured to send a computation result of the first computing operation to a first node;
An allocation module for allocating the at least one computing operation into a computing stream and the at least one communication operation into a communication stream according to the synchronization pattern; and
an execution module for executing the computational flow and the communication flow to train the model;
wherein the allocation module is further configured to: in case the synchronization pattern is a computational stream synchronization pattern,
adding the at least one computing operation in the computing stream; and
for each first computing operation in the computing stream, adding a first communication operation corresponding to the first computing operation at a later bit of the first computing operation.
10. An electronic device, comprising:
at least one processor; and
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein,,
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-8.
11. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-8.
12. A computer program product comprising computer programs/instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method of any of claims 1-8.
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