CN115600368A - Deep hole blasting optimization method, device and equipment and readable storage medium - Google Patents
Deep hole blasting optimization method, device and equipment and readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a deep hole blasting optimization method, a device, equipment and a readable storage medium, which relate to the technical field of blasting, and comprise the steps of utilizing an unmanned aerial vehicle to carry out close photography on the terrain and the topography and the arrangement condition of blast holes in a deep hole blasting operation area, and importing the acquired information into three-dimensional software to generate a three-dimensional model; extracting first information in the three-dimensional model; obtaining the distance between the blast hole and the test point; and fitting the blasting center distance, the preset charging amount of each blast hole and the measured vibration speed based on the Sadow-Fuji formula to obtain a deep hole blasting optimization result. The method has the advantages of solving the problems of difficult on-site manual measurement of the center distance, high cost and the like, simultaneously solving the problem of influence on the center distance due to hole depth under deep hole blasting, enabling a fitting empirical formula to be closer to the blasting situation of the on-site blasting, more accurately predicting the vibration speed of the on-site blasting, optimizing blasting construction parameters and ensuring the construction progress and the safety of the surrounding environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blasting, in particular to a deep hole blasting optimization method, a deep hole blasting optimization device, deep hole blasting optimization equipment and a readable storage medium.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous development of national infrastructure, deep hole blasting and single hole single blasting are often adopted for construction in the engineering construction process of high-speed kilometer roadbeds, deep and large foundation pits, deep and large vertical shafts and the like, a construction site is close to buildings (structures) such as buildings, railways, high-voltage lines and the like, and shock waves and vibration generated by blasting easily cause adverse effects on the safety of the buildings, so that fine blasting needs to be adopted when deep hole blasting construction is adopted, the requirements on blasting parameter design in all aspects are stricter, and the safety of a protection object is ensured.
When the open-air engineering adopts deep hole blasting to carry out construction, the influence of the drilling depth, stemming blocking length, blasting footage, terrain topography and the like on the blasting center distance R of the deep hole cannot be ignored like tunnel blasting, and simultaneously the blasting center distance from the blasting center point to a measuring point cannot be simply simplified into the whole blast hole, so that the fitting result of the fitting Sudofski formula is inaccurate, and the large errors of the construction design parameters at the later stage of the site are caused, and the safety of nearby protective objects is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a deep hole blasting optimization method, a deep hole blasting optimization device, deep hole blasting optimization equipment and a readable storage medium, so as to solve the problems. In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a deep hole blasting optimization method, including:
collecting terrain topography and blast hole information in an open-air deep hole blasting operation area by using an unmanned aerial vehicle, and importing the collected terrain topography and blast hole information into three-dimensional software to generate a three-dimensional model, wherein the three-dimensional model comprises terrain information of the ground surface and the ground surface, and position information of covered blast holes and measuring points;
extracting first information in the three-dimensional model, wherein the first information comprises the relative coordinates of the blast hole, the relative elevation of the blast hole, the relative coordinates of the test point and the relative elevation of the test point;
acquiring blast hole information, and calculating to obtain second information based on the first information and the blast hole information, wherein the second information comprises the horizontal distance from the orifice of the blast hole to the test point, the height difference from the blocked bottom of the stemming to the test point and the distance from the explosion center of the deep hole blasting to the blocked bottom of the stemming, and the blast hole information comprises the drilling length of the blast hole and the blocking length of the stemming;
calculating the second information and a first included angle obtained by calculation to obtain the distance of the center of percussion from each blast hole to the test point, wherein the first included angle is the included angle between a straight line formed from the test point to the bottom of the stemming and a charging section;
and fitting the blasting center distance, the preset charging amount of each blast hole and the measured vibration speed based on the Sadow-Fuji formula to obtain a deep hole blasting optimization result.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides a deep hole blasting optimization apparatus, including an acquisition module, an extraction module, a first calculation module, a second calculation module, and a fitting module, wherein:
an acquisition module: the system comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, a three-dimensional software and a three-dimensional model, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for acquiring terrain topography and blast hole information in an open-air deep hole blasting operation area, and importing the acquired terrain topography and blast hole information into the three-dimensional software to generate the three-dimensional model, and the three-dimensional model comprises terrain information of the ground and the ground surface, and position information of covered blast holes and measuring points;
an extraction module: the three-dimensional model is used for extracting first information in the three-dimensional model, wherein the first information comprises the relative coordinates of the blast holes, the relative elevations of the blast holes, the relative coordinates of the test points and the relative elevations of the test points;
a first calculation module: the blast hole monitoring system is used for acquiring blast hole information, and calculating to obtain second information based on the first information and the blast hole information, wherein the second information comprises the horizontal distance from the orifice of the blast hole to the test point, the height difference from the blocked bottom of the stemming to the test point and the distance from the blasting center of the deep hole blasting to the blocked bottom of the stemming, and the blast hole information comprises the drilling length of the blast hole and the blocked length of the stemming;
a second calculation module: the second information and a first included angle obtained through calculation are used for calculating to obtain the center-of-burst distance from each blast hole to the test point, and the first included angle is the included angle between a straight line formed from the test point to the bottom of the stemming and a charging section;
a fitting module: and fitting the blasting center distance, the preset charging amount of each blast hole and the measured vibration speed based on the Sadow-Fuki formula to obtain a deep hole blasting optimization result.
In a third aspect, the present application further provides a deep hole blasting optimization apparatus, including:
a memory for storing a computer program;
and the processor is used for realizing the steps of the deep hole blasting optimization method when the computer program is executed.
In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the deep hole blasting optimization-based method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for accurately fitting the Sudofski formula for multiple explosion sources and single measuring point under open-air deep hole blasting solves the problem that the explosion center distance is influenced by the hole depth under the deep hole blasting, so that the fitting empirical formula is closer to the blasting actual situation of the site blasting, the vibration speed of the site blasting is more accurately predicted, the blasting construction parameters are optimized according to the empirical formula, the interference on surrounding buildings is reduced to the maximum extent, and the construction progress and the surrounding environment safety are ensured. Meanwhile, the beneficial effects provided by the invention are as follows: the complex work of field measurement can be reduced, and the distance of the center of burst from each blast hole to a measuring point can be obtained according to the unmanned aerial vehicle measurement and the calculation formula of the text;
additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the embodiments of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a shot hole of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the geometric relationship between the arrangement of blast holes and the measuring points in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the measured vibration velocity in the field according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a deep hole blasting Sadow-fusi formula fitting according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a deep hole blasting optimization method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a deep hole blasting optimization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the deep hole blasting optimization apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 701, an acquisition module; 7011. a first acquisition unit; 7012. a processing unit; 7013. an extraction unit; 7014. a conversion unit; 702. an extraction module; 703. a first calculation module; 7031. a second acquisition unit; 7032. a first calculation unit; 704. a second calculation module; 7041. a third calculation unit; 7042. a fourth calculation unit; 7043. an arrangement unit; 7044. an obtaining unit; 705. a fitting module; 7051. a determination unit; 7052. a fitting unit; 800. deep hole blasting optimization equipment; 801. a processor; 802. a memory; 803. a multimedia component; 804. an I/O interface; 805. a communication component.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a deep hole blasting optimization method.
Referring to fig. 5, it is shown that the method includes step S100, step S200, step S300, step S400 and step S500.
S100, collecting terrain topography and blast hole information in an open-air deep hole blasting operation area by using an unmanned aerial vehicle, and importing the collected terrain topography and blast hole information into three-dimensional software to generate a three-dimensional model, wherein the three-dimensional model comprises terrain information of the ground and the ground surface, and position information of covered blast holes and measuring points.
It is understood that step S100 includes steps S101, S102, S103 and S104, where:
s101, acquiring an overhead image of a blast hole to be acquired in an open-air deep hole blasting operation area by controlling an unmanned aerial vehicle to fly in a circling manner in the open-air deep hole blasting operation area;
it should be noted that, the unmanned aerial vehicle is used to approach the distribution situation of the shot holes of the open-air deep hole blasting by the photography technology, and the distribution of the shot holes is arranged by professional blasting constructors according to the construction scheme. Wherein, the model reconstruction technique covers the terrain of the ground and the earth surface and the elevation information and the relative coordinate information of the surrounding environment (the relative coordinate information and the elevation are measured by RTK in an unmanned plane and then are obtained by coordinate transformation of an urban coordinate system)
S102, analyzing and processing the overhead view image to obtain a processing result;
s103, extracting three-dimensional positioning coordinates of the blast hole in a specified coordinate system in the processing result based on a real-time dynamic positioning technology of a carrier phase observation value;
it should be noted that the scene pictures taken by the unmanned aerial vehicle close to each other are imported into the three-dimensional software developed by the company of great Xinjiang to generate the three-dimensional model.
And S104, converting the three-dimensional positioning coordinates into coordinates in an urban coordinate system to obtain final coordinates of the blast hole.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, an electronic detonator is used for deep hole blasting on a highway subgrade, the drilling depth of each blast hole is 30m, 8 blast holes are arranged in a row of blasting on site, the delay time of hole interval blasting is greater than 100ms, the initiation sequence is No. 1-8, the length of each blast hole plugged by stemming is 6m, no. 2 emulsion explosive is used, the arrangement diagram of the blast holes and the measuring points is shown in fig. 1, the side view of subgrade blasting is shown in fig. 2, the loading Q is 15Kg, and the maximum vibration velocities V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6, V7 and V8 of the measuring points corresponding to the blast holes are respectively measured as shown in fig. 3. Wherein, the distance unit is m, and the angle unit is rad; (the position of the measuring point in the text represents the position of the blasting vibration meter, namely the position needing to monitor the vibration velocity)
S200, extracting first information in the three-dimensional model, wherein the first information comprises the relative coordinates of the blast hole, the elevation of the blast hole, the relative coordinates of the test point and the elevation of the test point.
It will be appreciated that in this step, the relative coordinates (X) of the bore hole aperture are extracted based on the three-dimensional model generated by the UAV photogrammetry technique i ,Y i ) And relative elevation H i And relative coordinates (X) of blasting vibration meter arranged on site Measuring point ，Y Measuring point ) And relative elevation H Measuring point 。
In this embodiment, coordinates and elevations of each blast hole and coordinates and elevations of measuring points (units are m) are extracted from the three-dimensional model generated by the unmanned aerial vehicle measurement shooting and measuring technology
Blast hole 1 (30.2, 10.2), H1=77.8;
blasthole 2 (33.1, 10.3), H2=77.5;
blasthole 3 (36.5, 10.2), H3=77;
blast hole 4 (39, 10.2), H4=77.8;
blast hole 5 (42.5, 10.2), H5=77.8;
blast hole 6 (44.9, 10.3), H6=77.6;
blasthole 7 (49.2, 10.1), H7=77.4;
blasthole 8 (54.9, 10.4), H8=77.8;
coordinates (50, 20) and elevation 80.2 of the measuring points.
S300, calculating second information of the blast hole based on the first information, wherein the second information comprises a horizontal distance between the orifice of the blast hole and the test point and a height difference between the blocking bottom of the stemming and the test point.
It is understood that in this step, S300 includes S301 and S302, where:
s301, acquiring blast hole information according to the real-time construction condition on site, wherein the blast hole information comprises the drilling length of the blast hole and the blocking length of the stemming;
it should be noted that the drilling length L of the blast hole and the stemming length L are determined according to the construction conditions obtained from the design scheme Stemming . In the embodiment, the drilling depth L is 30m and the stemming blocking length is 6m through the on-site inspection design scheme and the on-site actual measurement contrast.
S302, calculating to obtain second information of the blast hole according to the blast hole information, the first information, the position coordinate of the blast hole and the coordinate of the test point, wherein the second information comprises the horizontal distance from the orifice of the blast hole to the test point, the height difference from the blocked bottom of the stemming to the test point and the distance from the explosion center of the deep hole blasting to the blocked bottom of the stemming;
in this embodiment, the position coordinates of the blast hole and the coordinates of the measurement point calculate the horizontal distance (m) from the blast hole to the measurement point:
in the formula, the X measuring point and the Y measuring point represent coordinates (X) for arranging the blasting vibration meter 1 ,Y 1 )(X 2 ,Y 2 ) The series of coordinates represents the coordinates of the bore hole opening.
It should be noted that, the horizontal distance L from the blast hole to the measuring point is calculated according to the position coordinates of the blast hole and the coordinates of the measuring point in the above steps i Meanwhile, the height difference from the bottom of the stemming to the measuring point can be calculated according to the elevation information of the blast hole, the elevation information of the measuring point and the obtained stemming length, and the formula is
h i ＝H Measuring -H i ±L Stemming
In the formula, H Measuring Relative elevation of the measuring points; h i The relative elevation of the blast hole orifice; l is Stemming To plug the length of the stemming.
The distance from the blasting core of the deep hole roadbed to the bottom of the blocked stemming is
In the formula, L Stemming The length of stemming is set; l, drilling length of blast holes; and W is the distance from the blasting core of the deep-hole roadbed to the bottom of the blocked stemming.
Meanwhile, the height difference h from the bottom of the stemming to the measuring point can be calculated according to the elevation information of the blast hole, the elevation information of the measuring point and the stemming length i ＝H Side survey -H i -L Stemming
In the formula, H Side survey Relative elevations of the measuring points are taken; hi is the relative elevation of the blast hole orifice; l is a radical of an alcohol Stemming To plug the length of the stemming, as shown in table 1:
table 1 height difference table from stemming bottom to measuring point
| Height difference h i | h 1 | h 2 | h 3 | h 4 | h 5 | h 6 | h 7 | h 8 |
| 8.4 | 8.7 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 8.4 | 8.6 | 8.8 | 8.4 |
The length from the blasting core to the bottom of the stemming for the deep hole roadbed is
In the formula, W represents the length from the blasting center of deep hole blasting to the bottom of stemming blockage; l is a radical of an alcohol Stemming The length of stemming is set; l blast hole drilling length.
S400, calculating the second information and a first included angle obtained through calculation to obtain the distance between the center of percussion of each blast hole and the test point, wherein the first included angle is the included angle between a straight line formed from the test point to the bottom of the stemming and a charging section.
It is understood that step S400 includes steps S401, S402, S403, and S404, where:
s401, calculating to obtain a deep hole blasting center distance model according to a geometric relation of deep hole blasting positions, wherein the geometric relation comprises a trigonometric function;
s402, calculating to obtain the first included angle according to the deep hole blasting center distance model, the horizontal distance between the orifice of the blast hole and the test point, and the height difference from the bottom of the stemming blockage to the test point;
it should be noted that a calculation formula for the distance between the centers of burst of deep hole blasting of the roadbed and an included angle beta between a straight line formed from a point of measuring the length of charge at the bottom of the blast hole to the bottom of the stemming and a charge section are pushed out according to the geometric relationship of the blasting positions of the measuring points under deep hole blasting i (radian system):
in the formula, L i The horizontal distance from the measuring point to each blast hole is measured; h is i The height difference from the measuring point to the bottom of each plugged stemming is measured; w is the length from the center of explosion to the bottom of the stemming; r i The distance from each blast hole to the center of the shot point is measured; beta is a beta i And an included angle is formed between a straight line formed from the point for measuring the charging length of the bottom of the blast hole to the bottom of the stemming and the charging section. As shown in fig. 2, the charge segment is an explosive part, and the upper part of the charge segment is plugged by stemming.
S403, arranging the eight blast holes in sequence according to the same hole spacing, wherein the explosive loading of each blast hole is the same;
s404, obtaining the distance between the blast center of each blast hole and the test point according to the second information, the first included angle and a deep hole blasting calculation formula.
It should be noted that the distance R from the center of detonation of each blast hole to the measuring point (the placement position of the blasting vibration meter: the target point) under single-hole detonation can be calculated according to the steps i 、R i+1 、R i+2 、R i+3 ……
In this embodiment, the distance between the centers of detonation centers of different detonating blastholes and the measuring point can be calculated, as shown in the table:
TABLE 2 calculation table for distance between centers of detonation of different detonating blastholes and measuring points
| R 1 | R 2 | R 3 | R 4 | R 5 | R 6 | R 7 | R 8 |
| 30.07058 | 28.42868 | 26.97647 | 25.81627 | 23.84219 | 23.33367 | 23.04973 | 23.08427 |
| β 1 | β 2 | β 3 | β 4 | β 5 | β 6 | β 7 | β 8 |
| 1.93413 | 1.99071 | 2.07478 | 2.12902 | 2.16843 | 2.23616 | 2.29582 | 2.23166 |
TABLE 3 data table of vibration velocity measured in situ
| V1 | V2 | V3 | V4 | V5 | V6 | V7 | V8 |
| 3.044 | 3.296 | 3.552 | 3.681 | 4.101 | 4.365 | 4.526 | 4.926 |
S500, fitting the blasting center distance, the preset charging amount of each blast hole and the measured vibration speed based on the Sadow-fusi formula to obtain a deep hole blasting optimization result, wherein the results are shown in a table 3.
It is understood that step S500 includes steps S501 and S502, where:
s501, determining the vibration speed according to the charge of the blast hole, the distance between the centers of explosion of the test points and the factors of the open-air deep hole blasting operation area, wherein the factors of the open-air deep hole blasting operation area comprise surrounding rock conditions, section sizes, deep burying sizes, blasting directions and earthquake vibration frequencies;
s502, fitting the vibration speed, the first included angle and the blast hole information based on the Sadawski formula to obtain a fitting result, and recording the fitting result as a deep hole blasting optimization result.
The charge Q of each blast hole and the center-of-burst distance R obtained in the above-described step are obtained by site construction i And fitting the vibration velocity V measured by the field measuring point by a Sutavski formula to obtain K and alpha.
In the formula, L i The horizontal distance from the measuring point to each blast hole; h is i The height difference from the measuring point to the bottom of each plugged stemming is measured; w is the length from the core explosion to the bottom of the stemming; r is i The distance from each blast hole to the measuring point is measured; beta is a beta i Forming an included angle between a straight line formed from a charging length measuring point at the bottom of the blast hole to the bottom of the stemming and a charging section; v particle vibration velocity; q represents the charge of the blast hole, kg; k is a parameter related to blasting site conditions; alpha is the seismic wave attenuation coefficient; l is a radical of an alcohol Stemming Blocking the length of the stemming; l blast hole drillA length of the hole; w represents the length from the core of the deep hole blast to the bottom of the stemming plug.
In this embodiment, according to the following formula:
wherein, according to the initiation explosive quantity Q of each blast hole of the field blasting and the blast center distance R of each blast hole i And fitting the vibration velocity V measured by the measuring points by using a Sartavski formula, and obtaining a deep hole blasting optimization result as shown in figure 4.
It should be noted that the fitting of FIG. 4 is such that the required proportional distance SD is
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment provides a deep hole blasting optimization apparatus, which includes an acquisition module 701, an extraction module 702, a first calculation module 703, a second calculation module 704, and a fitting module 705 with reference to fig. 6, wherein:
the acquisition module 701: the system comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, a three-dimensional software and a three-dimensional model, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for acquiring terrain topography and blast hole information in an open-air deep hole blasting operation area, and importing the acquired terrain topography and blast hole information into the three-dimensional software to generate the three-dimensional model, and the three-dimensional model comprises terrain information of the ground and the ground surface, and position information of covered blast holes and measuring points;
the extraction module 702: the three-dimensional model is used for extracting first information in the three-dimensional model, wherein the first information comprises the relative coordinates of the blast holes, the relative elevations of the blast holes, the relative coordinates of the test points and the relative elevations of the test points;
the first calculation module 703: the blast hole monitoring system is used for acquiring blast hole information, and calculating to obtain second information based on the first information and the blast hole information, wherein the second information comprises the horizontal distance from the orifice of the blast hole to the test point, the height difference from the blocked bottom of the stemming to the test point and the distance from the blasting center of the deep hole blasting to the blocked bottom of the stemming, and the blast hole information comprises the drilling length of the blast hole and the blocked length of the stemming;
the second calculation module 704: the second information and a first included angle obtained through calculation are used for calculating to obtain the distance of the center of burst from each blast hole to the test point, and the first included angle is the included angle between a straight line formed from the test point to the bottom of the stemming and a charging section;
the fitting module 705: the method is used for fitting the blasting center distance, the preset explosive loading of each blast hole and the measured vibration speed based on the Sudovski formula to obtain a deep hole blasting optimization result, and controlling the maximum blasting explosive loading and designing blasting parameters according to the safety standard and the blasting center distance of the protection object and the fitting result, so that the construction progress is improved on the premise of protecting the surrounding protection object.
Specifically, the acquisition module 701 includes a first obtaining unit 7011, a processing unit 7012, an extracting unit 7013, and a converting unit 7014, where:
first obtaining unit 7011: the overhead image acquisition module is used for acquiring an overhead image of a blast hole to be acquired in an open-air deep hole blasting operation area by using an unmanned aerial vehicle remote control command and an aerial spiral camera and camera module;
processing unit 7012: the overlook image is analyzed and processed to obtain a processing result;
extraction unit 7013: extracting three-dimensional positioning coordinates of the blast hole in a specified coordinate system in the processing result based on a real-time dynamic positioning technology of a carrier phase observation value;
conversion unit 7014: and the three-dimensional positioning coordinate system is used for converting the three-dimensional positioning coordinate into a coordinate in an urban coordinate system to obtain a final coordinate of the blast hole.
Specifically, the first calculating module 703 includes a second obtaining unit 7031 and a first calculating unit 7032, where:
second obtaining unit 7031: the system is used for acquiring blast hole information according to the real-time construction condition on site, wherein the blast hole information comprises the drilling length of the blast hole and the blocking length of the stemming;
first calculation unit 7032: and the second information comprises the horizontal distance from the orifice of the blast hole to the test point, the height difference from the blocked bottom of the stemming to the test point and the distance from the blasting center of the deep hole blasting to the blocked bottom of the stemming.
Specifically, the second computing module 704 includes a third computing unit 7041 and a fourth computing unit 7042, where:
third calculation unit 7041: the method is used for calculating to obtain a deep hole blasting center distance model according to the geometric relationship of deep hole blasting positions, wherein the geometric relationship comprises a trigonometric function;
fourth calculation unit 7042: and calculating to obtain an included angle between a straight line formed from the charging measuring point of the blast hole to the bottom of the stemming and a charging section according to the deep hole blasting center-to-blasting model, the horizontal distance from the orifice of the blast hole to the measuring point and the height difference from the blocked bottom of the stemming to the measuring point.
Specifically, the second calculating module 704 further includes an arranging unit 7043 and an obtaining unit 7044, where:
ranking unit 7043: the gun holes are used for sequentially arranging the eight gun holes according to the same hole spacing, and the charge of each gun hole is the same;
obtaining unit 7044: and the blast center distance from each blast hole to the test point is obtained according to the second information, an included angle between a straight line formed from the charging length test point at the bottom of the blast hole to the bottom of the stemming and a deep hole blasting calculation formula.
Specifically, the fitting module 705 includes 7051 and 7052, wherein:
determining unit 7051: the vibration velocity is determined according to the explosive loading of the blast hole, the distance between the blast centers of the test points and the factors of the open-air deep hole blasting operation area, wherein the factors of the open-air deep hole blasting operation area comprise surrounding rock conditions, section sizes, deep burying sizes, blasting directions and earthquake vibration frequency;
fitting unit 7052: and fitting the vibration speed, the first included angle and the blast hole information based on the Sarkowski formula to obtain a fitting result, and recording the fitting result as a deep hole blasting optimization result.
It should be noted that, regarding the apparatus in the above embodiment, the specific manner in which each module performs the operation has been described in detail in the embodiment related to the method, and will not be elaborated herein.
Example 3:
corresponding to the above method embodiment, the present embodiment further provides a deep hole blasting optimization apparatus, and a deep hole blasting optimization apparatus described below and a deep hole blasting optimization method described above may be referred to in correspondence.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a deep hole blast optimization apparatus 800 according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 7, the deep hole blasting optimization apparatus 800 may include: a processor 801, a memory 802. The deep hole blast optimization apparatus 800 may further include one or more of a multimedia component 803, an i/O interface 804, and a communication component 805.
The processor 801 is configured to control the overall operation of the deep hole blasting optimization apparatus 800, so as to complete all or part of the steps in the deep hole blasting optimization method. The memory 802 is used to store various types of data to support the operation of the deep hole blast optimization device 800, which data can include, for example, instructions for any application or method operating on the deep hole blast optimization device 800, as well as application related data, such as contact data, messaging, pictures, audio, video, and the like. The Memory 802 may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile Memory device or combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic Memory, flash Memory, magnetic disk or optical disk. The multimedia components 803 may include screen and audio components. Wherein the screen may be, for example, a touch screen and the audio component is used for outputting and/or inputting audio signals. For example, the audio component may include a microphone for receiving an external audio signal. The received audio signal may further be stored in the memory 802 or transmitted through the communication component 805. The audio assembly also includes at least one speaker for outputting audio signals. The I/O interface 804 provides an interface between the processor 801 and other interface modules, such as a keyboard, mouse, buttons, and the like. These buttons may be virtual buttons or physical buttons. The communication component 805 is used for wired or wireless communication between the deep hole blasting optimization apparatus 800 and other apparatuses. Wireless communication, such as Wi-Fi, bluetooth, near Field Communication (NFC), 2G, 3G, or 4G, or a combination of one or more of them, so that the corresponding communication component 805 may include: wi-Fi module, bluetooth module, NFC module.
In an exemplary embodiment, the deep hole blasting optimization apparatus 800 may be implemented by one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), digital Signal Processors (DSPs), digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic components, for performing the above-mentioned deep hole blasting optimization method.
In another exemplary embodiment, a computer readable storage medium comprising program instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the deep hole blast optimization method described above is also provided. For example, the computer readable storage medium may be the memory 802 described above comprising program instructions executable by the processor 801 of the deep hole blast optimization apparatus 800 to perform the deep hole blast optimization method described above.
Example 4:
corresponding to the above method embodiment, a readable storage medium is also provided in this embodiment, and a readable storage medium described below and a deep hole blasting optimization method described above may be referred to in correspondence with each other.
A readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for optimizing deep hole blasting according to the above method embodiments.
The readable storage medium may be a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various other readable storage media capable of storing program codes.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A deep hole blasting optimization method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting terrain topography and blast hole information in an open-air deep hole blasting operation area by using an unmanned aerial vehicle, and importing the collected terrain topography and blast hole information into three-dimensional software to generate a three-dimensional model, wherein the three-dimensional model comprises terrain information of the ground and the ground surface, and position information of covered blast holes and measuring points;
extracting first information in the three-dimensional model, wherein the first information comprises the relative coordinates of the blast hole, the relative elevation of the blast hole, the relative coordinates of the test point and the relative elevation of the test point;
acquiring blast hole information, and calculating to obtain second information based on the first information and the blast hole information, wherein the second information comprises the horizontal distance from the orifice of the blast hole to the test point, the height difference from the blocked bottom of the stemming to the test point and the distance from the blasting center of the deep hole blasting to the blocked bottom of the stemming, and the blast hole information comprises the drilling length of the blast hole and the blocking length of the stemming;
calculating according to the second information and a first included angle to obtain the distance of a center of percussion from each blast hole to the test point, wherein the first included angle is an included angle between a straight line formed from the test point to the bottom of the stemming and a charging section;
and fitting the blasting center distance, the preset explosive loading of each blast hole and the measured vibration speed based on the Sudovski formula to obtain a deep hole blasting optimization result.
2. The deep hole blasting optimization method according to claim 1, wherein an unmanned aerial vehicle is used for collecting terrain topography and blast hole information in an open-air deep hole blasting operation area, and the collected terrain topography and blast hole information are imported into three-dimensional software to generate a three-dimensional model, wherein the three-dimensional model comprises terrain information of the ground and the ground surface, and position information of covered blast holes and measuring points, and the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that an unmanned aerial vehicle is controlled to fly in a circling mode in an open-air deep hole blasting operation area, and an overhead image of a blast hole to be collected in the open-air deep hole blasting operation area is obtained;
analyzing and processing the overlook image to obtain a processing result;
extracting a three-dimensional positioning coordinate of the blast hole in a specified coordinate system in the processing result based on a real-time dynamic positioning technology of a carrier phase observation value;
and converting the three-dimensional positioning coordinates into coordinates in an urban coordinate system to obtain final coordinates of the blast hole.
3. The method for optimizing deep hole blasting according to claim 1, wherein the acquiring of blast hole information and the calculating of second information based on the first information and the blast hole information comprise:
acquiring blast hole information according to the real-time construction condition on site, wherein the blast hole information comprises the drilling length of the blast hole and the blocking length of the stemming;
and calculating to obtain second information of the blast hole according to the blast hole information, the first information, the position coordinates of the blast hole and the coordinates of the test point, wherein the second information comprises the horizontal distance from the orifice of the blast hole to the test point, the height difference from the blocked bottom of the stemming to the test point and the distance from the blasting center of the deep hole blasting to the blocked bottom of the stemming.
4. The deep hole blasting optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the deep hole blasting optimization result is obtained by fitting the distance between the blast centers, the preset charge amount of each blast hole and the measured vibration velocity based on the sadofsky formula, and the method comprises:
determining the vibration speed according to the explosive loading of the blast hole, the distance between the blast centers of the test points and the factors of the open-air deep hole blasting operation area, wherein the factors of the open-air deep hole blasting operation area comprise surrounding rock conditions, section sizes, deep burying sizes, blasting directions and earthquake vibration frequency;
and fitting the vibration speed and the blast hole information based on the Sudovski formula to obtain a fitting result, and recording the fitting result as a deep hole blasting optimization result.
5. A deep hole blasting optimizing device, characterized by comprising:
an acquisition module: the system comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, a three-dimensional software and a three-dimensional model, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for acquiring the terrain topography and blast hole information in an open-air deep hole blasting operation area, and importing the acquired terrain topography and blast hole information into the three-dimensional software to generate the three-dimensional model, and the three-dimensional model comprises the terrain information of the ground and the ground surface, and the position information of covered blast holes and measuring points;
an extraction module: the three-dimensional model is used for extracting first information in the three-dimensional model, wherein the first information comprises the relative coordinates of the blast hole, the relative elevation of the blast hole, the relative coordinates of the test points and the relative elevation of the test points;
a first calculation module: the blast hole monitoring system is used for acquiring blast hole information, and calculating to obtain second information based on the first information and the blast hole information, wherein the second information comprises the horizontal distance from the orifice of the blast hole to the test point, the height difference from the blocked bottom of the stemming to the test point and the distance from the blasting center of the deep hole blasting to the blocked bottom of the stemming, and the blast hole information comprises the drilling length of the blast hole and the blocked length of the stemming;
a second calculation module: the second information is used for calculating a first included angle to obtain the center-of-burst distance from each blast hole to the test point, and the first included angle is an included angle between a straight line formed from the test point to the bottom of the stemming and a charging section;
a fitting module: and fitting the blasting center distance, the preset charging amount of each blast hole and the measured vibration speed based on the Sadow-Fuki formula to obtain a deep hole blasting optimization result.
6. The deep hole blast optimization device of claim 5, wherein the collection module comprises:
a first acquisition unit: the overhead image acquisition module is used for acquiring an overhead image of a blast hole to be acquired in an open-air deep hole blasting operation area by using an unmanned aerial vehicle remote control command and an aerial spiral camera and camera module;
a processing unit: the overlook image is analyzed and processed to obtain a processing result;
an extraction unit: the real-time dynamic positioning technology is used for extracting three-dimensional positioning coordinates of the blast hole in a specified coordinate system based on the carrier phase observation value;
a conversion unit: and the three-dimensional positioning coordinate is converted into a coordinate in an urban coordinate system to obtain a final coordinate of the blast hole.
7. The deep hole blasting optimization device according to claim 5, wherein the first calculation module comprises:
a second acquisition unit: the system is used for acquiring blast hole information according to the real-time construction condition on site, wherein the blast hole information comprises the length of the blast hole and the blocking length of the stemming;
the first calculation unit: and the second information comprises the horizontal distance from the orifice of the blast hole to the test point, the height difference from the blocked bottom of the stemming to the test point and the distance from the blasting center of the deep hole blasting to the blocked bottom of the stemming.
8. The deep hole blast optimization device of claim 5, wherein the fitting module comprises:
a determination unit: the vibration velocity is determined according to the explosive loading of the blast hole, the distance between the blast centers of the test points and the factors of the open-air deep hole blasting operation area, wherein the factors of the open-air deep hole blasting operation area comprise surrounding rock conditions, section sizes, deep burying sizes, blasting directions and earthquake vibration frequency;
a fitting unit: and fitting the vibration speed, the first included angle and the blast hole information based on the Sadawski formula to obtain a fitting result, and recording the fitting result as a deep hole blasting optimization result.
9. A deep hole blasting optimization device, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of the method for optimizing deep hole blasting according to any one of claims 1 to 4 when executing the computer program.
10. A readable storage medium, characterized by: the readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for optimizing deep hole blasting according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116796453A (en) * | 2023-04-18 | 2023-09-22 | 江汉大学 | Vibration damping hole design method, device, equipment and readable storage medium |
| CN117952984A (en) * | 2024-03-27 | 2024-04-30 | 宏大爆破工程集团有限责任公司 | Accurate blasting area identification method based on image |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116796453A (en) * | 2023-04-18 | 2023-09-22 | 江汉大学 | Vibration damping hole design method, device, equipment and readable storage medium |
| CN116796453B (en) * | 2023-04-18 | 2024-03-08 | 江汉大学 | Vibration damping hole design method, device, equipment and readable storage medium |
| CN117952984A (en) * | 2024-03-27 | 2024-04-30 | 宏大爆破工程集团有限责任公司 | Accurate blasting area identification method based on image |
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