CN115600313A - High-speed train energy-absorbing vehicle body full-flow design method and rail vehicle - Google Patents
High-speed train energy-absorbing vehicle body full-flow design method and rail vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN115600313A CN115600313A CN202211190918.8A CN202211190918A CN115600313A CN 115600313 A CN115600313 A CN 115600313A CN 202211190918 A CN202211190918 A CN 202211190918A CN 115600313 A CN115600313 A CN 115600313A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full-flow design method for an energy absorption train body of a high-speed train and a rail vehicle, which comprises the following steps: energy management and material selection, wherein the characteristic parameters obtained in the step 1 are input as the force level of material selection, light materials matched with the materials for the main body structure of the vehicle body are selected according to the light weight requirement, and the material performance is tested; designing elements, and designing the section shapes of all parts; carrying out structural design on the energy absorption part, carrying out simulation, and verifying the effectiveness and feasibility of the structure and the performance; analyzing the interface relation and the installation space relation of the energy absorption part and the vehicle body main structure, determining the strength and rigidity matching gradient of the energy absorption part and the vehicle body main structure, simulating, and verifying the matching property of the energy absorption part and the vehicle body main structure and the stability of the energy consumption process; analyzing the relationship and the spatial relationship of the vehicle end connecting interface, and analyzing the mutual influence relationship among the vehicle coupler system, the inner windshield, the outer windshield and the vehicle end electric connector; and (5) carrying out the performance evaluation of the whole vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of high-speed train body design, in particular to a full-flow design method of a high-speed train energy-absorbing train body and a rail vehicle.
Background
The passive safety of the rail vehicle is an important component of the operation safety of the train, and provides the last protection for members. In the collision process of a high-speed train, the problems that the impact behavior of each interface of the train is unstable and the energy cannot be effectively dissipated exist, and the current method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a head vehicle is provided with a rear crushing pipe coupler system and a special anti-climbing energy absorption device to restrain impact behaviors and dissipate energy, and as shown in fig. 1, the front end of the head vehicle is provided with the rear crushing pipe coupler and the anti-climbing energy absorption device;
a front-mounted crushing pipe semi-permanent coupler is arranged at a second interface and an intermediate interface (which refers to the connecting position of adjacent vehicles in the same train consist) to restrain impact behavior and dissipate energy, and as shown in fig. 2, two adjacent vehicles are connected with an inner bellow windshield through the semi-permanent coupler;
however, the method has the problem that the impact behavior is unstable due to the vertical and transverse swinging of the semi-permanent coupler, and the energy dissipation effectiveness is not fundamentally solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a full-flow design method for an energy-absorbing train body of a high-speed train in a first invention, and provides a railway vehicle obtained by the method based on the full-flow design method for the energy-absorbing train body of the high-speed train in a second invention.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the invention provides a full-flow design method for an energy-absorbing train body of a high-speed train, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, acquiring characteristic parameters of each interface of a train, wherein the characteristic parameters comprise force displacement relations of each interface of energy dissipation values, speeds and acceleration curves of each train;
step 2, inputting the characteristic parameters obtained in the step 1 as the force level of material selection, combining with the lightweight requirement, selecting a lightweight material matched with the material for the vehicle body main structure, and testing the material performance;
step 3, designing the section shapes of all the parts;
step 4, structural design of the energy absorption part is carried out based on an integrated design concept of an anti-climbing-bearing-energy absorption structure, simulation is carried out, and effectiveness and feasibility of the structure and performance are verified;
step 5, analyzing the interface relation and the installation space relation of the energy absorption part and the vehicle body main structure, determining the strength and rigidity matching gradient of the energy absorption part and the vehicle body main structure, simulating, and verifying the matching property of the energy absorption part and the vehicle body main structure and the stability of the energy consumption process;
step 6, analyzing the relationship and the spatial relationship of the vehicle end connecting interface, and analyzing the mutual influence relationship of the vehicle coupler system, the inner windshield, the outer windshield and the vehicle end electric connector;
and 8, evaluating the performance of the whole vehicle.
Furthermore, the anti-climbing-bearing-energy absorbing structure comprises a front-end car coupler, a front-end underframe structure, a front-end underframe strong guide structure, a middle-end underframe strong guide structure and a middle-end car coupler.
In a second aspect, the invention further provides a rail vehicle, which adopts the high-speed train energy-absorbing vehicle body full-flow design method.
The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention are as follows:
according to the invention, by implementing a full-flow design method and innovatively providing and applying an integrated design technology of an anti-climbing-bearing-energy absorption structure, the problem of stability of the behavior of a train impact interface is successfully solved, and further an effective energy dissipation effect is achieved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-creep energy-absorbing device arranged on a vehicle head in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a prior art crash tube at the mid-vehicle interface;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a full-process design method of an energy-absorbing train body of a high-speed train according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic design diagram of various cross-sectional shapes of the element design in step 3;
FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are schematic views of the anti-climbing, load-bearing and energy-absorbing integrated design of the components in step 4;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the spatial relationship and stiffness matching of the design of the whole vehicle in step 5;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the influence relationship analysis of the vehicle-end connector in step 6.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the invention expressly state otherwise, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
the noun interpretation section:
the "vertical direction" in this embodiment refers to the height direction of the vehicle body; the "lateral direction" refers to the width direction of the vehicle body, and the "longitudinal direction" refers to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body.
As introduced in the background art, the energy-absorbing vehicle body design method in the prior art has certain problems, and in order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a full-flow design method for the energy-absorbing vehicle body of a high-speed train.
In a typical embodiment of the invention, the design method disclosed by the invention covers all relevant technologies for developing the energy-absorbing train body of the high-speed train, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: energy management, the outline of energy management of this step runs through the whole research and development process, and the concrete steps are as follows:
1) The method comprises the following steps of (1) carding and calculating parameters such as the number of vehicle groups required, axle weight (the whole vehicle weight of each axle in a train operation state allowed to be shared), vehicle distance (the distance between adjacent vehicles in the same train group), collision speed (the collision relative speed of two trains of the same type), static load limit value endured by a vehicle body, a basic characteristic curve of a coupler system and the like;
2) Constructing a vehicle marshalling model suitable for one-dimensional multi-body simulation calculation, and setting boundary constraint;
3) Solving the vehicle marshalling model by adopting a train longitudinal dynamics calculation program to obtain energy dissipation values of all interfaces of the train, force displacement relations of all interfaces, speeds of all trains and acceleration curves; the obtained characteristic parameters are used as the stress level gradient matching parameter support for material selection, element design and component design.
Further, in the calculation, momentum conservation is followed: m is 1 v 1 ＝(m 1 +m 2 )v 2 (ii) a Conservation of energy:
newton's second law:
the second step: material model selection, wherein the material model selection of the step is the basis of the design of the energy-absorbing vehicle body, and mainly refers to the material model selection of an energy-absorbing part, wherein the material model selection mainly comprises the material model selection of a front-end vehicle coupler of a head vehicle, the material model selection of a front-end underframe structure and the material model selection of a front-end underframe strong guide structure; meanwhile, the method also comprises the material selection of a middle end underframe structure, the material selection of a strong guide structure of a middle end underframe and the material selection of a middle end car coupler in the high-speed train. It should be particularly noted that the middle end chassis structure, the middle end chassis strong guide structure and the middle end coupler include chassis structures located at the rear ends of the two cars and at the two ends of the middle car, chassis strong guide structures and couplers, that is, the middle end in this embodiment refers to a portion located between the car head and the car tail, which is a relatively wide range.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
1) Based on the energy management input force level and combined with the light weight requirement, the energy absorption part selects a light material matched with the material for the vehicle body main body structure;
2) The material performance test is carried out to obtain the static performance parameters and the dynamic performance parameters (material true stress-strain curve and material damage curve) of the material, a material constitutive model is established, the element design, the part design and the performance simulation analysis are effectively supported, the failure mode is truly reflected, and the simulation analysis accuracy is improved.
The third step: the shapes of the sections of the elements are designed, wherein the elements comprise a front-end car coupler, a front-end underframe structure and a front-end underframe strong guide structure which are positioned on a head car, and a middle-end underframe structure, a middle-end underframe strong guide structure and a middle-end car coupler which are positioned at the rear end of two head cars and at the two ends of a middle car;
1) Analyzing the stroke spaces of the head-vehicle interface and the intermediate interface, and determining the stroke utilization rate by considering the deformation mode;
2) According to the force level and the stroke utilization rate, the section shapes of elements of various schemes are considered; as shown in fig. 4, the cross-sectional shape includes circular, rectangular with vertical beams, hexagonal, rectangular with oblique reinforcing beams inside, chinese character 'tian' -shaped, etc.;
3) Establishing a finite element model, developing scheme comparison and selection by using a finite element simulation analysis method, and determining a preferred scheme by considering the requirements of light weight, manufacturability and cost factors.
The fourth step: the design of the energy-absorbing component, wherein the energy-absorbing component refers to the energy-absorbing component formed by assembling front elements together;
1) Analyzing the installation space of the head-vehicle interface and the middle interface and the total travel space, and determining the structure installation matching mode;
2) The integrated design technology of the anti-climbing-bearing-energy absorption structure is utilized to develop the structural design of the energy absorption part, the strength and rigidity matching and the action coordination are fully considered, the integrated design of a coupler system, a car body energy absorption structure and a strong guide car body structure, the multi-stage energy absorption setting and the step-by-step action are realized, the effective contact and the anti-climbing function of a first-stage coupling contact part are initially, effectively and continuously realized, and the energy consumption process is stable and effective;
3) Establishing a finite element model, carrying out simulation analysis on the deformation process by using a finite element simulation analysis method, and verifying the structural and performance effectiveness and feasibility.
Further, as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, the component anti-climbing-bearing-energy absorbing structure includes a front-end coupler, a front-end underframe structure, a front-end underframe strong guide structure, a middle-end underframe strong guide structure and a middle-end coupler on the car body; with the front end coupling on the automobile body in this embodiment, front end chassis structure, the strong guide structure of front end chassis, middle end chassis structure, the strong guide structure of middle end chassis, middle end hook carries out integration global design, wherein, the initial contact is realized to the front end coupler, anti-creep and energy-absorbing, front end chassis structure realizes bearing and energy-absorbing, the strong guide structure of front end chassis realizes bearing and lasting stable anti-creep, middle end chassis structure realizes bearing and energy-absorbing, the strong guide structure of middle end chassis realizes bearing and lasting stable anti-creep, middle end coupler realizes stable contact, anti-creep and energy-absorbing.
The fifth step: matching design between energy-absorbing component and vehicle body main structure
1) Analyzing the relationship between the energy absorption part and the interface of the vehicle body main structure and the relationship between the energy absorption part and the mounting space;
2) Determining the matching gradient of the strength and the rigidity of the energy absorption part and the main structure of the vehicle body to ensure the space integrity of a passenger room; for the vehicle head, the rigidity of a vehicle body structure positioned in a passenger room space is greater than the rigidity of a front end underframe structure and a middle end underframe structure; the rigidity of the front end chassis structure and the middle end chassis structure is greater than that of the front end coupler and the middle end coupler; for the middle vehicle, the rigidity of the vehicle body structure positioned in the passenger room space is greater than the rigidity of the two underframe structures; the structural rigidity of the two bottom frames is greater than that of the two car couplers; specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the rigidity of the front-end coupler part may be 1000 to 1800KN, the rigidity of the front-end underframe structure may be 2100 to 3000KN, the rigidity of the body structure of the passenger room living space part may be 5000 to 7000KN, the rigidity of the middle-end underframe structure may be 1800 to 2500KN, and the rigidity of the middle-end coupler may be 1000 to 1300KN from front to back.
3) Establishing a finite element model, developing simulation analysis of a deformation process by using a finite element simulation analysis method, and verifying the matching property of the energy absorption part and the main structure of the vehicle body and the stability of the energy consumption process.
And a sixth step: the matching design among the vehicles of the train is as follows:
1) Analyzing the relation of the vehicle end connection interface and the spatial relation;
2) Analyzing the mutual influence relationship among a car coupler system, an inner windshield, an outer windshield and a car-end electric connector which are positioned between connected cars;
3) And (5) carrying out integral counting of the train.
The seventh step: and performance evaluation, wherein the performance evaluation adopts a simulation analysis and test verification mode, the simulation analysis and the test verification mode are mutually verified, and the performance evaluation specifically comprises the following steps throughout the whole design and development process:
1) The energy absorption element, the energy absorption part and the whole vehicle level evaluation and design are carried out synchronously;
2) The final performance evaluation adopts train-level simulation analysis and small-marshalling train-level test verification, and provides support for the final performance effectiveness and feasibility of the system scheme.
Further, the embodiment also provides a rail vehicle, which is designed by adopting the design method. Since the rail vehicle is designed by the design method described above, the rail vehicle also has all the advantages described above. In some embodiments, the rail vehicle provided by the present invention may be any suitable type of vehicle, such as a fast train, a motor car, a subway vehicle, a metro vehicle, etc., and the present invention is not limited to a certain type or types of rail vehicles.
Finally, it is also noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A full-flow design method for an energy absorption train body of a high-speed train is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, acquiring characteristic parameters of each interface of a train, wherein the characteristic parameters comprise an energy dissipation value, a force-displacement relation of each interface, a speed curve and an acceleration curve of each train;
step 2, inputting the characteristic parameters obtained in the step 1 as an acting force level of the energy-absorbing element material selection, combining with a lightweight requirement, selecting a light material matched with a material used for a main structure of the vehicle body, and testing the performance of the light material;
step 3, designing the section shape of each energy-absorbing element;
step 4, structural design of the energy absorption part is carried out based on an integrated design concept of an anti-climbing-bearing-energy absorption structure, simulation is carried out, and effectiveness and feasibility of the structure and performance are verified;
step 5, analyzing the interface relation and the installation space relation of the energy absorption part and the vehicle body main structure, determining the strength and rigidity matching gradient of the energy absorption part and the vehicle body main structure, simulating, and verifying the matching property of the energy absorption part and the vehicle body main structure and the stability of the energy consumption process;
step 6, analyzing the relationship and the spatial relationship of the vehicle end connecting interface, and analyzing the mutual influence relationship of the vehicle coupler system, the inner windshield, the outer windshield and the vehicle end electric connector;
and 7, evaluating the performance of the whole vehicle to complete the design.
2. The full-process design method of the energy-absorbing train body of the high-speed train as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific process of step 1 is as follows:
1) Calculating the required vehicle grouping number, the axle weight, the vehicle distance, the collision speed, the static load limit value endured by the vehicle body and the basic characteristic curve of the coupler system by using a comb;
2) Constructing a vehicle marshalling model suitable for one-dimensional multi-body simulation calculation, and setting boundary constraint;
3) And solving the model by adopting a train longitudinal dynamics calculation method to obtain energy dissipation values of all interfaces of the train, force displacement relations of all interfaces, speeds of all trains and acceleration curves.
3. The method for designing the whole flow of the energy-absorbing train body of the high-speed train as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific process of step 2 is as follows:
1) Selecting a light material matched with the material for the main body structure of the vehicle body based on the energy management input force level and combined with the light weight requirement;
2) The material performance test is carried out to obtain the static performance parameters and the dynamic performance parameters of the material, a material constitutive model is established, and the element design, the part design and the performance simulation analysis are effectively supported.
4. The method for designing the whole flow of the energy-absorbing train body of the high-speed train as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific process of step 3 is as follows:
1) Analyzing the stroke space of each intermediate interface, and determining the stroke utilization rate by considering the deformation mode;
2) According to the force level and the stroke utilization rate, the section shapes of elements of various schemes are considered;
3) Establishing a finite element model, developing scheme comparison and selection by using a finite element simulation analysis method, and determining a preferred scheme by considering the requirements of light weight, manufacturability and cost factors.
5. The method for designing the whole flow of the energy-absorbing train body of the high-speed train as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific process of step 4 is as follows:
1) Analyzing the installation space and the total stroke space of each intermediate interface component, and determining the structure installation matching mode;
2) The structural design of the energy absorption part is developed by utilizing the integrated design of the anti-climbing, bearing and energy absorption structure;
3) Establishing a finite element model, carrying out simulation analysis on the deformation process by using a finite element simulation analysis method, and verifying the structural and performance effectiveness and feasibility.
6. The full-process design method of the energy-absorbing train body of the high-speed train as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anti-creep-load-energy-absorbing structure comprises a front-end car coupler, a front-end underframe structure, a front-end underframe strong guide structure, an intermediate-end underframe strong guide structure and an intermediate-end car coupler.
7. The full-process design method for the energy-absorbing train body of the high-speed train as claimed in claim 6, wherein the rigidity of the main structure of the train body in the passenger room space is greater than the rigidity of the front end underframe structure and the middle end underframe structure; the rigidity of the front end underframe structure and the middle end underframe structure is greater than the rigidity of the front end coupler and the middle end coupler.
8. The method for designing the whole flow of the energy-absorbing train body of the high-speed train as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific process of step 5 is as follows:
1) Analyzing the relation between the energy absorption part and the interface of the vehicle body main structure and the relation between the energy absorption part and the installation space;
2) Determining the matching gradient of the strength and the rigidity of the energy absorption part and a main structure of a vehicle body, and ensuring the space integrity of a passenger room;
3) Establishing a finite element model, developing simulation analysis of a deformation process by using a finite element simulation analysis method, and verifying the matching property of the energy absorption part and the main structure of the vehicle body and the stability of the energy consumption process.
9. The full-process design method of the energy-absorbing train body of the high-speed train as claimed in claim 1, wherein the energy-absorbing element, the energy-absorbing part, the whole-train-level evaluation and the design in step 7 are carried out synchronously; and the performance evaluation adopts train-level simulation analysis and small-marshalling train-level test verification.
10. A rail vehicle, characterized in that its body is designed using the energy-absorbing body full-flow design method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN202211190918.8A CN115600313A (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | High-speed train energy-absorbing vehicle body full-flow design method and rail vehicle |
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| CN202211190918.8A CN115600313A (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | High-speed train energy-absorbing vehicle body full-flow design method and rail vehicle |
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