CN115598570A - Vector magnetic field probe and vector magnetic field measurement method - Google Patents
Vector magnetic field probe and vector magnetic field measurement method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vector magnetic field probe and a vector magnetic field measurement method, which belong to the field of magnetic field measurement and comprise the following steps: a magnetically sensitive detector made of diamond containing nitrogen-vacancy centres; the light guide module is used for transmitting external laser with a preset wavelength to the magnetic sensitive detector and guiding out fluorescence emitted by the magnetic sensitive detector; a magnetic field generator for applying a steady static magnetic field to the magnetically sensitive detector; the control field generator is used for applying a preset electromagnetic field to the magnetic sensitive detector; the magnetic field amplifier comprises 3 pairs of magnetic amplification units which are centrosymmetric and have pairwise vertical central axes, and a region defined by planes of minimum sections of the magnetic amplification units is a magnetic amplification region; when the device works, the magnetic field amplifier is positioned in a vector magnetic field to be detected, and the magnetic sensitive detector is positioned in a magnetic amplification area. The invention can simultaneously measure the size and the direction of the magnetic field and has high sensitivity to vector magnetic fields in any directions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of magnetic field measurement, and particularly relates to a vector magnetic field probe and a vector magnetic field measurement method.
Background
The magnetic field measurement is carried out by using nitrogen-vacancy center in diamondIn one conventional measurement, a nitrogen-vacancy center is formed by substituting a nitrogen atom for a carbon atom in diamond and then trapping a surrounding cavity. The junction structure is stable, is particularly sensitive to magnetic fields, and the state of the junction can be read by optical means, and is widely researched in the field of magnetic field measurement. The sensitivity of the nitrogen-vacancy center single quantum interferometer for measuring the magnetic field can reach 10 -9 T magnitude, nitrogen-vacancy center ensemble up to 10 -13 T magnitude, even can be used for directly measuring weak geomagnetic field.
However, the high sensitivity of the current sensors based on nitrogen-vacancy centers is obtained in a laboratory environment, and the sensitivity cannot reach the index in the laboratory environment due to the influence of environment, equipment, noise and the like in practical use. Therefore, if the ambient magnetic field can be amplified according to a certain multiplying power and then measurement is performed, the sensitivity and resolution of the sensor to the magnetic field can be greatly improved, so that the sensor based on the diamond nitrogen-vacancy center can sufficiently obtain high sensitivity in practical use.
Patent application publication No. CN103439749A discloses a magnetic focusing amplifying guide structure for amplifying a weak earth magnetic field, but the amplifier can only be used for amplifying a magnetic field in a specific direction, and the amplified field strength of the magnetic field perpendicular to the structure may even be reduced, which limits the possibility of using the magnetic focusing amplifying guide structure for vector magnetic field measurement.
The patent application publication No. CN 112180303A discloses a diamond-based magnetometer probe, which adopts a one-dimensional magnetic focusing amplifying structure, and the characteristics of the magnetic focusing amplifying structure determine that the magnetic probe has certain defects when measuring a complex vector magnetic field, and the one-dimensional magnetic focusing amplifying structure can only amplify a magnetic field in a certain specific direction, and is limited to a certain extent in the measurement of the vector magnetic field.
Generally, the existing magnetic field measurement structure based on the nitrogen-vacancy center can only realize magnetic field amplification in a specific direction, so that high detection sensitivity to vector magnetic fields in any direction cannot be ensured, and the use scene in actual measurement is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects and improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a vector magnetic field probe and a vector magnetic field measurement method, which aim to simultaneously measure the magnitude and direction of a vector magnetic field and ensure higher sensitivity to vector magnetic fields in any directions.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vector magnetic field probe comprising: the device comprises a magnetic sensitive detector, a light guide module, a control field generator, a magnetic field generator and a magnetic field amplifier;
the magnetic sensitive detector is made of diamond containing nitrogen-vacancy centers and is fixed at the tail end of the light guide module; the light guide module is used for transmitting external laser with a preset wavelength to the magnetic sensitive detector; the control field generator is used for applying a preset electromagnetic field to the magnetic sensitive detector; a magnetic field generator for applying a steady static magnetic field to the magnetically sensitive detector;
the magnetic field amplifier comprises 3 pairs of magnetic amplification units which are centrosymmetric and have pairwise vertical central axes; in the cross section of the magnetic amplification units along the central axis, the cross section closer to the symmetric center is smaller, and the area formed by the planes of the minimum cross sections of the magnetic amplification units is a magnetic amplification area;
when the device works, the magnetic field amplifier is positioned in a vector magnetic field to be detected, and the magnetic sensitive detector is positioned in a magnetic amplification area; the magnetic sensitive detector emits fluorescence carrying the magnitude and direction information of the vector magnetic field under the combined action of external laser, an electromagnetic field and a static magnetic field; and the light guide module is also used for deriving the fluorescence emitted by the magnetic sensitive detector.
The vector magnetic field probe provided by the invention comprises a light guide module for transmitting external laser, a control field generator for applying a control field and a magnetic field generator for applying a stable static magnetic field, wherein under the combined action of the external laser, the control field and the static magnetic field, a fluorescent signal emitted by the magnetic sensitive detector simultaneously carries the magnitude and direction information of the vector magnetic field, and the magnitude and direction of the vector magnetic field can be simultaneously measured by analyzing the fluorescent signal.
Based on the structure, the magnetic field amplifier can amplify vector magnetic fields in any direction by a certain multiple, so that a magnetic sensitive detector made of a diamond sample containing nitrogen-vacancy centers has higher detection sensitivity on the vector magnetic fields in any direction.
Further, the light guide module is an optical fiber.
The invention adopts the optical fiber as the light guide module to conduct light, which is beneficial to the miniaturization and integration of the measuring probe.
Furthermore, the attenuation of the optical fiber in the wave band of 500 nm-800 nm is lower than a preset threshold value.
The wave band of the fluorescence signal generated by the diamond sample containing the nitrogen-vacancy center is 500-800 nm, and the optical fiber with lower attenuation (lower than a preset threshold value) in the 500-800 nm wave band is used as the light guide module, so that the collection efficiency of fluorescence can be effectively ensured.
Further, the magnetic amplifying unit is in a circular truncated cone structure.
In the magnetic amplification region, the mapping relation of the vector magnetic field before and after amplification is closely related to the geometric dimension of the magnetic amplification unit.
Furthermore, the tail ends of the magnetic sensitive detector and the light guide module are integrally plated with reflective films.
In the vector magnetic field probe provided by the invention, the tail ends of the magnetic sensitive detector and the light guide module are integrally plated with the reflective films, so that the fluorescence generated by the magnetic sensitive detector can be uniformly reflected to the surface of the magnetic sensitive detector, which is in contact with the light guide module, and finally most of the fluorescence is transmitted along the light guide module, thereby improving the collection efficiency of the fluorescence.
Further, in operation, the magnetically sensitive detector is located in the center of the magnetically amplified region.
In the vector magnetic field probe provided by the invention, the vector magnetic field can be optimally amplified at the center of the magnetic amplification area, the magnetic sensitive detector is positioned at the center of the magnetic amplification area during working, the higher magnetic field sensitivity can be obtained, and the mapping relation of the vector magnetic field before and after the magnetic sensitive detector is amplified at the center of the magnetic amplification area is easy to obtain.
Further, the relative permeability of the material of the magnetic amplifying unit is greater than 5000.
In the vector magnetic field probe provided by the invention, the magnetic amplification unit is made of a high-permeability material with the relative permeability of more than 5000, so that a good amplification effect on a vector magnetic field can be ensured.
Further, the concentration of nitrogen-vacancy centres in the diamond is greater than 10ppb.
In the vector magnetic field probe provided by the invention, the nitrogen-vacancy center concentration of the magnetic sensitive detector is larger (more than 10 ppb), so that the signal-to-noise ratio of a measured signal can be ensured to be better.
Further, the control field generator is a radio frequency transmission line or an electromagnetic wave radiation structure;
and/or the magnetic field generator is a permanent magnet, an energized coil, or an energized solenoid.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vector magnetic field measurement method based on the vector magnetic field probe, including:
a calibration step: during work, the placing points of the magnetic sensitive detector in the magnetic amplification area are used as measuring points, the central axial directions of at least three nitrogen-vacancy positions in the magnetic sensitive detector are calibrated, and the mapping relation of vector magnetic fields before and after amplification is calibrated at the measuring points;
a measurement step: placing a magnetic field amplifier in a vector magnetic field to be measured, applying a stable static magnetic field to a magnetic sensitive detector by using a magnetic field generator, transmitting external laser with a preset wavelength to the magnetic sensitive detector by using a light guide module after the magnetic sensitive detector is placed at a measuring point, applying a preset electromagnetic field to the magnetic sensitive detector by using a control field generator, and collecting a fluorescence signal led out by the light guide module;
and (3) analysis step: and calculating the vector magnetic field after amplification according to the relation that the intensity of the fluorescence signal changes along with the parameters of the electromagnetic field and the calibrated nitrogen-vacancy central axial direction, determining the vector magnetic field before amplification according to the mapping relation of the vector magnetic field before and after amplification, and completing the measurement of the vector magnetic field to be measured.
Generally, by the above technical solution conceived by the present invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
(1) Based on the structure, the magnetic field amplifier can amplify vector magnetic fields in any direction by a certain multiple, so that a magnetic sensitive detector made of a diamond sample containing nitrogen-vacancy centers has higher detection sensitivity on the vector magnetic fields in any direction.
(2) The invention adopts the optical fiber as the light guide module to conduct light, thereby being beneficial to the miniaturization and integration of the measuring probe.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general schematic diagram of a vector magnetic field probe provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vector magnetic field probe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating magnetic field amplification ratios of the magnetic field amplifier provided in the embodiment of the present invention for different directions;
the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein:
the device comprises a magnetic sensitive detector 1, a light guide module 2, a magnetic amplification unit 3 in a magnetic field amplifier, a magnetic field generator 4 and a control field generator 5.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In the present application, the terms "first," "second," and the like (if any) in the description and the drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
In order to ensure that the vector magnetic field in any direction has higher sensitivity, the invention provides a vector magnetic field probe and a vector magnetic field measurement method, and the overall thought is as follows: the magnetic sensitive probe is made of diamond containing nitrogen-vacancy center, and the structure of the magnetic field amplifier is specially designed, so that the magnetic field amplifier can amplify vector magnetic fields in any direction with a certain multiplying power.
The following are examples.
Example 1:
a vector magnetic field probe, as shown in fig. 1 to 2, comprising: the device comprises a magnetic sensitive detector 1, a light guide module 2, a control field generator 5, a magnetic field generator 4 and a magnetic field amplifier;
the magnetic sensitive detector 1 is made of diamond containing nitrogen-vacancy centers and is fixed at the tail end of the light guide module 2; for different space size requirements, diamond samples of different sizes, from nano to millimeter size, and even larger, can be used; the diamond sample can be in the types of block, nano particles and the like; alternatively, in the present embodiment, a 200 μm by 100 μm sized diamond sample was used as the magnetically sensitive probe 1; in order to ensure that the signal to noise ratio of the measured signal is good, the diamond samples selected for this example have a nitrogen-vacancy centre concentration of at least greater than 10ppb; it is easy to understand that, because one nitrogen-vacancy central axial direction only can be sensitive to a magnetic field consistent with the direction of the nitrogen-vacancy central axial direction, in order to ensure that the direction can be measured while the magnitude of an external magnetic field is measured, the diamond sample selected by the embodiment at least comprises 3 nitrogen-vacancy central axial directions, and in actual measurement, at least three nitrogen-vacancy central axial directions are calibrated in advance according to the placement position of the magnetic sensitive detector 1 in a physical space;
the light guide module 2 is used for transmitting external laser with a preset wavelength to the magnetic sensitive detector 1; optionally, in this embodiment, the wavelength of the external laser is specifically 532nm; in order to facilitate the miniaturization and integration of the measurement probe, as a preferred implementation manner, in this embodiment, the light guide module 2 is an optical fiber, which may be a single mode optical fiber, a multimode optical fiber, or another type of optical fiber; the magnetic sensitive detector 1 can be directly attached to the tail end of the light guide module 2 through an adhesive (such as UV glue and other light-transmitting adhesives) to realize fixation;
the control field generator 5 is used for applying a preset electromagnetic field to the magnetic sensitive detector 1; optionally, in this embodiment, the control field generator 5 is a radio frequency transmission line; in other embodiments of the present invention, the control field generator 5 may also be an electromagnetic wave radiation structure or the like;
a magnetic field generator 4 for applying a steady static magnetic field to the magnetically sensitive detector 1; the magnetic field generator 4 may be a permanent magnet, an energized coil or an energized solenoid, etc.;
the magnetic sensitive detector 1 utilizes the characteristic that a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond is sensitive to a magnetic field, wherein the nitrogen-vacancy center is a defect structure of the diamond, unpaired electrons exist in the structure, and the ground state of the unpaired electrons is a spinning triplet state which is m s =0, ± 1; exciting nitrogen-vacancy centres using a 532nm laser, if electrons are at m s State =0, then fluorescence photons will be emitted; if the electron is at m s A state of = ± 1, then the electron transition has a greater probability of not emitting a photon; an external magnetic field at the center of the nitrogen-vacancy can cause the splitting of the ground state energy level, the interval of the energy level splitting is related to the magnitude and the direction of the external magnetic field, and the transition of electrons between the ground state energy levels can be controlled by applying a control field (namely an electromagnetic field), so that the intensity of fluorescence emitted by the electrons can be changed by controlling the energy levels of the electrons, and the information of the magnitude and the direction of the external magnetic field can be deduced;
solid state spin in the nitrogen-vacancy center is sensitive to a magnetic field, and fluorescence emitted after preset laser irradiation and microwave control field control can reflect information of the magnetic field to be detected; the light guide module 2 in this embodiment is further configured to derive fluorescence emitted by the magnetic sensitive detector, and in practical application, the other end of the light guide module 2 may be connected to a fluorescence measurement device, and is configured to obtain a relationship between intensity of the fluorescence and a parameter change of an electromagnetic field; the parameters of the electromagnetic field include one or more of frequency, intensity, and duration;
the vector magnetic field probe provided by the embodiment comprises a light guide module 2 for transmitting external laser, a control field generator 5 for applying a control field, and a magnetic field generator 4 for applying a stable static magnetic field, wherein under the combined action of the external laser, the control field and the static magnetic field, a fluorescence signal emitted by a magnetic sensitive detector simultaneously carries the magnitude and direction information of the vector magnetic field, and the magnitude and direction of the vector magnetic field can be measured simultaneously by analyzing the fluorescence signal.
Considering that the wavelength band of a fluorescence signal generated by a diamond sample containing a nitrogen-vacancy center is a 500 nm-800 nm wavelength band, in order to ensure the collection efficiency of fluorescence, in the embodiment, the attenuation of an optical fiber used as the light guide module 2 in the 500 nm-800 nm wavelength band is lower than a preset threshold; the preset threshold may be set according to a specific measurement environment and a measurement precision requirement, and a smaller attenuation represents a stronger light transmission and guiding capability, optionally, in this embodiment, the preset threshold is 10dB/km;
in order to further ensure the collection efficiency of fluorescence, in this embodiment, the ends of the magnetic sensitive detector 1 and the light guide module 2 are integrally plated with reflective films, so that fluorescence generated by the magnetic sensitive detector 1 can be reflected to the surface of the magnetic sensitive detector 1 contacting the light guide module 2, and finally most of the fluorescence is transmitted along the light guide module 2, thereby further improving the collection efficiency of the fluorescence;
in order to effectively amplify the vector magnetic field in any direction, in this embodiment, the magnetic field amplifier includes, as shown in fig. 2, 3 pairs of magnetic amplifying units 3 which are centrosymmetric and have two perpendicular central axes; in the section of the magnetic amplifying unit 3 along the central axis, the section closer to the symmetric center is smaller, so as to ensure effective amplification of the magnetic field; the region surrounded by the plane where the minimum section of each magnetic amplification unit 3 is located is a magnetic amplification region, and an external vector magnetic field in any direction can be effectively amplified in the magnetic amplification region;
in order to facilitate calibration of the mapping relationship between the vector magnetic fields before and after being amplified in the magnetic amplification region, as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the magnetic amplification unit 3 is specifically a circular truncated cone structure, the diameter of the smaller end surface, the diameter and the height of the larger end surface are respectively denoted as D, D and h, and the distance between two magnetic amplification units 3 in each pair of magnetic amplification units 3 is denoted as L, so that in this embodiment, the specific size of the circular truncated cone structure is D =2mm, D =60mm, h =60mm, and L =2mm; in order to ensure a good amplification effect on the vector magnetic field, in this embodiment, the magnetic amplification unit 3 is made of a material with a relatively large magnetic permeability, specifically, the material of the magnetic amplification unit 3 has a relative magnetic permeability greater than 5000;
it should be noted that the shape and size of the magnetic amplifying unit 3 described herein are merely an exemplary illustration, and should not be construed as the only limitation to the present invention, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the size of the magnetic amplifying unit may be adjusted according to the actual application scenario; in other embodiments of the present invention, the truncated cone structure may not be applicable, and other structures capable of achieving magnetic field amplification may be used, which will not be described herein.
In operation, the magnetic field amplifier is located in the vector magnetic field to be measured, and the magnetic sensitive detector 1 is located in the magnetic amplification area, for the purpose of simplifying analysis, during measurement, the magnetic sensitive detector is preferably placed in the center of the magnetic amplification area, namely, the point O in fig. 2; the magnetic sensitive detector emits fluorescence carrying the magnitude and direction information of the vector magnetic field under the combined action of external laser, an electromagnetic field and a static magnetic field;
using the symmetric point of the magnetic amplifier, i.e. point O in FIG. 2 as a circular point, the vector magnetic field H to be measured tar The distribution intensity in each direction is H x ＝H 0 sin(b)*cos(a)、H y ＝H 0 sin(b)*sin(a)、H z ＝H 0 * cos (b) where a is 0-2 pi, b is 0-0 pi, H 0 =10A/m, whichMiddle H 0 Representing the magnitude of the vector magnetic field to be measured, wherein a and b are angles when the direction of the vector field to be measured is represented by a spherical coordinate system, and A/m is a magnetic field unit; FIG. 3 shows the pair of vector magnetic fields H to be measured by the magnetic field amplifier tar As can be seen from fig. 3, the magnifications of the magnetic field in the first and second directions are all 45 or more, that is, the magnifications of the magnetic field in the first and second directions are ensured to some extent.
In the vector magnetic field probe provided by the invention, the magnetic amplification unit is made of a high-permeability material with the relative permeability of more than 5000, so that a good amplification effect on a vector magnetic field can be ensured.
Example 2:
a vector magnetic field measurement method based on the vector magnetic field probe comprises the following steps:
a calibration step: taking a placing point of the magnetic sensitive detector in a magnetic amplification area during working as a measuring point, calibrating the central axial direction of at least three nitrogen-vacant sites in the magnetic sensitive detector, calibrating the mapping relation of vector magnetic fields before and after amplification at the measuring point;
a measurement step: placing a magnetic field amplifier in a vector magnetic field to be measured, applying a stable static magnetic field to a magnetic sensitive detector by using a magnetic field generator, transmitting external laser with a preset wavelength to the magnetic sensitive detector by using a light guide module after the magnetic sensitive detector is placed at a measuring point, applying a preset electromagnetic field to the magnetic sensitive detector by using a control field generator, and collecting a fluorescence signal led out by the light guide module;
and (3) an analysis step: and calculating the vector magnetic field after amplification according to the relation that the intensity of the fluorescence signal changes along with the parameters of the electromagnetic field and the calibrated nitrogen-vacancy central axial direction, determining the vector magnetic field before amplification according to the mapping relation of the vector magnetic field before and after amplification, and completing the measurement of the vector magnetic field to be measured.
In the analyzing step, the parameters of the selected electromagnetic field can be one or more of frequency, intensity and duration; taking frequency as an example, correspondingly, in the measuring step, a preset electromagnetic field with changed frequency is applied to the magnetic sensitive detector by using the control field generator, when an external magnetic field is applied to the magnetic sensitive detector, the external magnetic field can cause energy level splitting of the magnetic sensitive detector, the energy level splitting size is related to the direction and the strength of the magnetic field, the energy level splitting condition of the magnetic sensitive detector can be obtained by applying the preset electromagnetic field to the magnetic sensitive detector and reading a fluorescence signal after laser, and the size of the magnetic field to be measured can be calculated after the energy level splitting condition is obtained;
in the actual measurement, other electromagnetic field parameters may be used, such as a combination of frequency and intensity, or a combination of frequency and duration, etc., and in the measuring step, an electromagnetic field with variable parameters is correspondingly applied, so that the magnitude of the vector magnetic field can be measured according to the variation relationship of the fluorescence signal with the parameters.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, since various modifications, substitutions and improvements within the spirit and scope of the invention are possible and within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A vector magnetic field probe, comprising: the device comprises a magnetic sensitive detector, a light guide module, a control field generator, a magnetic field generator and a magnetic field amplifier;
the magnetic sensitive detector is made of diamond containing nitrogen-vacancy centers and is fixed at the tail end of the light guide module; the light guide module is used for transmitting external laser with a preset wavelength to the magnetic sensitive detector; the control field generator is used for applying a preset electromagnetic field to the magnetic sensitive detector; the magnetic field generator is used for applying a stable static magnetic field to the magnetic sensitive detector;
the magnetic field amplifier comprises 3 pairs of magnetic amplification units which are centrosymmetric and have pairwise vertical central axes; in the cross section of the magnetic amplification unit along the central axis, the cross section closer to the symmetric center is smaller, and the area surrounded by the plane where the minimum cross section of each magnetic amplification unit is located is a magnetic amplification area;
when the device works, the magnetic field amplifier is positioned in a vector magnetic field to be detected, and the magnetic sensitive detector is positioned in the magnetic amplification area; the magnetic sensitive detector emits fluorescence carrying the magnitude and direction information of the vector magnetic field under the combined action of the external laser, the electromagnetic field and the static magnetic field; the light guide module is also used for guiding out the fluorescence emitted by the magnetic sensitive detector.
2. The vector magnetic field probe of claim 1, wherein the light guide module is an optical fiber.
3. The vector magnetic field probe of claim 2, wherein the attenuation of the optical fiber in the 500nm to 800nm band is below a predetermined threshold.
4. The vector magnetic field probe of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the magnetic amplifying unit is of a truncated cone structure.
5. The vector magnetic field probe of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the magnetic sensitive detector and the end of the light guide module are integrally coated with a reflective film.
6. A vector magnetic field probe according to any of claims 1 to 3 wherein, in operation, the magnetically sensitive detector is located at the centre of the magnetically amplified region.
7. A vector magnetic field probe according to any of claims 1 to 3 wherein the material of the magnetic amplifying unit has a relative magnetic permeability greater than 5000.
8. The vector magnetic field probe of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the diamond has a nitrogen-vacancy centre concentration of greater than 10ppb.
9. The vector magnetic field probe of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the control field generator is a radio frequency transmission line or an electromagnetic wave radiating structure;
and/or the magnetic field generator is a permanent magnet, an energized coil or an energized solenoid.
10. A vector magnetic field measurement method based on the vector magnetic field probe according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
a calibration step: during work, the placing point of the magnetic sensitive detector in the magnetic amplification area is used as a measuring point, the central axial directions of at least three nitrogen-vacant sites in the magnetic sensitive detector are calibrated, and the mapping relation of vector magnetic fields before and after amplification is calibrated at the measuring point;
a measurement step: the magnetic field amplifier is placed in a vector magnetic field to be measured, a stable static magnetic field is applied to the magnetic sensitive detector by the magnetic field generator, after the magnetic sensitive detector is placed at the measuring point, external laser with a preset wavelength is transmitted to the magnetic sensitive detector by the light guide module, a preset electromagnetic field is applied to the magnetic sensitive detector by the control field generator, and a fluorescence signal derived by the light guide module is collected;
and (3) an analysis step: and calculating the vector magnetic field after amplification according to the relation that the intensity of the fluorescence signal changes along with the parameters of the electromagnetic field and the calibrated nitrogen-vacancy central axial direction, determining the vector magnetic field before amplification according to the mapping relation of the vector magnetic field before and after amplification, and finishing the measurement of the vector magnetic field to be measured.
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