CN115598363A - Mechanical integrated automatic detection system and detection method for soil nutrients - Google Patents
Mechanical integrated automatic detection system and detection method for soil nutrients Download PDFInfo
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- CN115598363A CN115598363A CN202211523507.6A CN202211523507A CN115598363A CN 115598363 A CN115598363 A CN 115598363A CN 202211523507 A CN202211523507 A CN 202211523507A CN 115598363 A CN115598363 A CN 115598363A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000874 microwave-assisted extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 nitrite ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 88
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GTKRFUAGOKINCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorosilver;silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Ag]Cl GTKRFUAGOKINCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N22/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a mechanical integrated automatic detection system and a detection method for soil nutrients, and relates to the field of soil nutrient detection. The system comprises an automatic soil sampling device, an automatic dumping device, an automatic crushing device, a microwave auxiliary extraction device, a micro-fluidic chip, a data acquisition device and an automatic cleaning device. Aiming at the problem of great application value of quick acquisition of the main soil nutrient information, the invention develops the research of a reliable, quick and low-cost automatic detection system based on the method for quickly detecting the soil nutrients by using the detection electrode and builds a platform for automatically detecting the main soil nutrients.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil nutrient detection, in particular to a mechanical integrated automatic detection system and a detection method for soil nutrients.
Background
Soil nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, quick-acting potassium and available phosphorus directly affect the growth and development conditions of crops and the final yield, so that the improvement of the grain yield not only needs to ensure that the soil can provide sufficient available nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, but also needs to prevent a series of ecological environment problems derived from excessive soil available state nitrogen and phosphorus loss. In order to improve the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer and reduce the pollution of excessive fertilization to the environment, it is important to accurately acquire the information of nutrients in the soil through the rapid detection of the nutrients in the soil.
For the determination of a large number of soil samples, it is difficult to perform the determination by means of a conventional laboratory test method because the operation process is complicated and labor-intensive. In order to improve the efficiency of soil nutrient detection and reduce labor cost, an automatic instrument capable of quickly and accurately obtaining the nutrient content in soil is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a mechanical integrated automatic detection system and a detection method for soil nutrients.
In order to achieve the purpose, one of the technical schemes provided by the invention is as follows:
a mechanical integrated automatic detection system for soil nutrients comprises an automatic soil sampling device, an automatic dumping device, an automatic crushing device, a microwave-assisted extraction device, a micro-fluidic chip, a data acquisition device, an automatic cleaning device, an upper computer and a controller;
the automatic soil sampling device comprises a soil sampling drill and a pusher; the pusher is used for conveying the soil sample obtained by soil taking and drilling into the automatic dumping device;
the automatic dumping device comprises a heating plate, a rotating shaft and a base; the automatic dumping device is used for heating, drying and weighing the fed soil sample and controlling the dumping angle of the heating plate so as to feed the soil sample into the automatic crushing device;
the automatic crushing device is used for crushing, grinding and screening a soil sample and quantitatively conveying the soil sample to the microwave-assisted extraction device through a soil sample feeding pipeline;
the microwave-assisted extraction device comprises a microwave extraction container and a microwave resonant cavity, wherein the microwave resonant cavity comprises a waveguide for transmitting electromagnetic waves and a cavity wall, so that the electromagnetic waves are radiated and superposed for multiple times between the inner wall of the cavity to form a standing wave field, and the extraction of a soil sample in a soil test solution in the microwave extraction container is enhanced; the microwave leaching container is connected with the peristaltic pump through a pinch valve and a Y-shaped tee joint so as to switch leaching agent and cleaning liquid to be injected into the microwave leaching container;
the soil test solution in the microwave leaching container is conveyed to the microfluidic chip through a test solution sample introduction pipeline; the microwave-assisted extraction device also comprises a buffer solution bottle, and a buffer solution in the buffer solution bottle is conveyed to the microfluidic chip through a buffer solution sample introduction pipeline;
the soil test solution and the buffer solution are mixed in the microfluidic chip and are detected through a detection electrode in the microfluidic chip, and the obtained soil nutrient information is acquired by a data acquisition device;
the automatic cleaning device is used for cleaning the soil waste residues in the automatic soil sampling device, the automatic dumping device and the automatic crushing device, and cleaning the test solution sample injection pipeline, the buffer solution sample injection pipeline and the microfluidic chip through cleaning pipelines;
the automatic soil sampling device, the automatic dumping device, the automatic crushing device, the microwave-assisted extraction device, the micro-fluidic chip, the data acquisition device and the automatic cleaning device are connected with the controller;
the controller is connected with the upper computer.
Preferably, the automatic soil sampling device further comprises a motor, and the motor is connected with the soil sampling drill; the automatic dumping device further comprises a rotating motor for controlling the automatic dumping device to dump the soil sample.
Preferably, the earth drill is provided with a screw type cutter head.
Preferably, a quality control switch is further arranged on the soil sample inlet pipeline and used for quantitatively controlling the quality of the soil sample entering the microwave-assisted extraction device.
Preferably, the test solution sample introduction pipeline is provided with a pinch valve, a tee joint and a peristaltic pump, and the buffer solution sample introduction pipeline is provided with another pinch valve, another tee joint and another peristaltic pump; the cleaning pipeline is communicated with the two pinch valves, the two tee joints and the two peristaltic pumps.
Preferably, the microfluidic chip comprises a sample feeding channel, a buffer solution channel and a detection channel; the sample introduction channel is connected with the sample introduction pipeline of the test solution; the buffer solution channel is connected with the buffer solution sample introduction pipeline; the sample introduction channel and the buffer solution channel are converged to the detection channel and can be in a Y-shaped layout; the detection channel is internally provided with the detection electrode, and the detection electrode comprises a working electrode for detecting nitrite ions, phosphate ions and potassium ions in the soil test solution, a reference electrode for providing stable reference potential for the working electrode, and a counter electrode for forming a loop with the working electrode and enabling current on the working electrode to flow.
Preferably, the automatic cleaning device comprises an air pump, a spray head, a first cleaning liquid bottle, a waste residue collecting bottle and a first waste liquid bottle; the air pump is connected with the spray head through an air pipeline and is used for blowing soil waste residues in the automatic soil sampling device, the automatic dumping device and the automatic crushing device into the waste residue collecting bottle through air flow; the first cleaning liquid bottle is communicated with the test solution sample injection pipeline, the buffer solution sample injection pipeline and the micro-fluidic chip through the cleaning pipeline, and the micro-fluidic chip is communicated with the first waste liquid bottle through a waste liquid pipeline.
The second technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a detection method utilizing a mechanical integrated automatic detection system for soil nutrients comprises the steps that a soil automatic sampling device is used for sampling and then sending a soil sample into an automatic dumping device, the automatic dumping device is used for heating, drying and weighing the soil sample and then sending the soil sample into an automatic crushing device, the automatic crushing device is used for crushing, grinding and screening the soil sample and quantitatively conveying the soil sample to a microwave-assisted extraction device through a soil sample feeding pipeline, the microwave-assisted extraction device is used for conveying a soil test solution obtained by extracting the soil sample into a microfluidic chip through a test solution feeding pipeline, the microwave-assisted extraction device is also used for conveying a buffer solution into the microfluidic chip through a buffer solution feeding pipeline, a detection electrode in the microfluidic chip is used for detecting soil nutrients in the mixed soil test solution and the buffer solution, and a detection result is collected by a data collection device; then the automatic cleaning device cleans the soil automatic sampling device, the automatic dumping device, the automatic crushing device, the test solution sample injection pipeline, the buffer solution sample injection pipeline and the microfluidic chip; the controller is connected with the automatic soil sampling device, the automatic dumping device, the automatic crushing device, the microwave auxiliary extraction device, the micro-fluidic chip, the data acquisition device and the automatic cleaning device to play a role in central control; the upper computer is connected with the controller and sends commands to the controller so as to realize the operation of the detection system.
It should be noted that the single processing procedure of each apparatus according to the present invention is common knowledge, and those skilled in the art can complete the processing procedures by using the apparatus according to the above description. The invention resides in the combination of the individual devices and the particular operating steps of these devices will not be described in detail.
Compared with the background technology, the technical scheme has the following advantages:
aiming at the problem of important application value of rapidly acquiring the main nutrient information of the farmland soil, the invention develops the research of a reliable, rapid and low-cost automatic detection system based on the rapid detection method of the soil nutrients of the detection electrode and builds an automatic detection platform for the main nutrients of the farmland soil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a mechanically integrated automatic detection system for soil nutrients in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a microwave-assisted extraction device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. an automatic soil sampling device, 11, a motor, 12, a soil sampling drill and 13, a hydraulic pusher;
2. an automatic dumping device, 21, a heating plate, 22, a mass sensor, 23, an angle sensor, 24, a rotating shaft, 25, a base;
3. automatic crushing device, 31, quality control switch;
4. a microwave auxiliary extraction device, 41, a microwave extraction container, 42, a pinch valve, 43.Y-shaped tee joint, 44, a peristaltic pump, 45, a microwave resonant cavity, 46, an extraction agent bottle, 47, a second cleaning liquid bottle, 48, a second waste liquid bottle and 49, a buffer liquid bottle;
5. the microfluidic chip comprises a sample injection channel 51, a buffer solution channel 52 and a detection channel 53;
6. a data acquisition device;
7. the automatic cleaning device comprises an automatic cleaning device, 71 an air pump, 72 a spray head, 73 a first cleaning liquid bottle, 74 a waste residue collecting bottle and 75 a first waste liquid bottle;
8. an upper computer;
9. a controller;
A. the device comprises a soil sample injection pipeline, a test solution injection pipeline, a buffer solution injection pipeline, a waste liquid pipeline, an air pipeline, a cleaning pipeline and a leaching agent/cleaning solution injection pipeline.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "lateral", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like may be referred to based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the perspective views of the drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but not for indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "one," "another," and the like may be referred to merely for descriptive purposes and not to indicate or imply relative importance.
The embodiment provides a mechanical integration soil nutrient automatic check out system, as shown in fig. 1, including soil automatic sampling device 1, automatic dumping device 2, automatic crushing device 3, microwave auxiliary extraction device 4, micro-fluidic chip 5, data acquisition device 6, self-cleaning device 7, host computer 8 and controller 9 connected with host computer 8.
The automatic soil sampling device 1 is provided with a motor 11, the motor 11 is connected with a controller 9, the controller 9 controls the motor 11 to work, the motor 11 drives an earth drill 12 to rotate for sampling, and the earth drill 12 is a spiral earth drill provided with a spiral tool bit. The automatic soil sampling device 1 is provided with a hydraulic pusher 13, the hydraulic pusher 13 is used for pushing a soil sample taken by the soil sampling drill 12 into the automatic dumping device 2, and the hydraulic pusher 13 is connected with the controller 9.
The automatic dumping device 2 is provided with a heating plate 21 for heating and drying the soil sample, and the heating plate 21 is connected with the controller 9; install mass sensor 22 on the automatic dumping device 2 for detect control and dry the soil sample quality of finishing pouring into automatic reducing mechanism 3 after finishing, mass sensor 22 is connected with controller 9, specifically, automatic dumping device 2 includes hot plate 21, mass sensor 22, angle sensor 23, pivot 24 and base 25, mass sensor 22, angle sensor 23 are installed on base 25, and automatic dumping device 2 still connects the rotation motor (not shown in the drawing) and operates with the inclination of pivot 24, and angle sensor 23 with pivot 24 is connected for the angle that control hot plate 21 topples, mass sensor 22 is arranged in detecting the quality of soil sample in the hot plate, wherein, mass sensor 22, angle sensor 23 and rotation motor (not shown in the drawing) are connected with controller 9 respectively, so that the unified control, after the soil sample quality after drying detects, control automatic dumping device 2 and finish toppling over, pour required soil sample into automatic reducing mechanism 3, or put into waste residue collecting bottle 74 with unnecessary soil sample.
The automatic crushing device 3 is used for crushing, grinding and screening a soil sample, and is connected and controlled by the controller 9, the automatic crushing device 3 is connected with a soil sample feeding pipeline A, and the soil sample feeding pipeline A is connected with the microwave auxiliary extraction device 4; the soil sample sampling pipeline A is provided with a quality control switch 31 for controlling the quality of the soil sample entering the microwave auxiliary extraction device 4, and the quality control switch 31 is connected with the controller 9; the quality control switch 31 controls the soil sample with proper quality to enter the microwave auxiliary extraction device 4 through the soil sample inlet pipeline A, and the residual soil sample can be discharged into the waste residue collection bottle 74.
The microwave-assisted extraction device 4 comprises a microwave extraction container 41 for containing a soil sample and an extraction agent, and extracting the soil sample by the extraction agent to obtain a soil test solution; the microwave extraction container is made of glass materials; the microwave leaching container 41 is connected and controlled by a controller 9. The microwave leaching container 41 is connected with a sample solution feeding pipeline B, and the sample solution feeding pipeline B is connected with a sample feeding channel 51 of the microfluidic chip 5; specifically, the sample solution sampling pipeline B is provided with a peristaltic pump 44, the microwave extraction container 41 is connected with the peristaltic pump 44 through a pinch valve 42 and a Y-shaped tee 43, and the peristaltic pump 44 extracts the soil sample solution in the microwave extraction container 41 and injects the soil sample solution into the sampling channel 51 in the microfluidic chip 5.
As shown in fig. 2, the microwave-assisted extraction device 4 further comprises a microwave resonant cavity 45, an extractant bottle 46, a second cleaning solution bottle 47, and a second waste solution bottle 48, wherein the microwave resonant cavity 45 comprises a waveguide (not shown) and a cavity wall. The waveguide is used for transmitting electromagnetic waves, the cavity wall is made of metal copper materials and used for sealing microwaves inside the cavity, the electromagnetic waves are radiated for multiple times between the inner walls of the cavity and are superposed to form a standing wave field, and therefore the leaching of soil samples in the soil test solution in the microwave leaching container is strengthened. And two holes are formed above the cavity wall and used for installing an extracting agent/cleaning solution sample injection pipeline G and a test solution sample injection pipeline B. The leaching agent/cleaning liquid sample injection pipeline G is provided with a pinch valve 42, a Y-shaped tee 43 and a peristaltic pump 44, is respectively communicated with a leaching agent bottle 46 and a second cleaning liquid bottle 47 through the communication ports on the same side of the Y-shaped tee 43 and is converged to the leaching agent/cleaning liquid sample injection pipeline G, and is used for realizing the switching of the leaching agent and the cleaning liquid and injecting the leaching agent and the cleaning liquid into the microwave leaching container 41 through the peristaltic pump 44 arranged on the leaching agent/cleaning liquid sample injection pipeline G. The sample introduction pipeline B is connected with the micro-fluidic chip 5 through a peristaltic pump 44. In addition, an opening is formed below the microwave leaching vessel 41, and a waste liquid pipe is installed and connected to the second waste liquid bottle 48 to discharge the waste liquid in the microwave leaching vessel 41.
The microwave-assisted extraction device 4 further comprises a buffer solution bottle 49, the buffer solution bottle 49 is filled with a buffer solution, the buffer solution bottle 49 is connected with a buffer solution sample feeding pipeline C, the buffer solution sample feeding pipeline C is connected with a buffer solution channel 52 of the microfluidic chip 5, specifically, the buffer solution channel 52 is provided with another peristaltic pump 44, the buffer solution bottle 49 is connected with the other peristaltic pump 44 through another pinch valve 42 and another Y-shaped tee 43, and the other peristaltic pump 44 extracts the buffer solution in the buffer solution bottle 49 and injects the buffer solution into the buffer solution channel 52 in the microfluidic chip 5. Two peristaltic pumps 44 and two pinch valves 42 are connected to the controller 9.
The microfluidic chip 5 includes a sample channel 51, a buffer channel 52 and a detection channel 53. One end of the sample injection channel 51 is connected with the sample solution injection pipeline B, the other end of the sample injection channel 51 is connected with the detection channel 53, one end of the buffer solution channel 52 is connected with the buffer solution sample injection pipeline C, and the other end of the buffer solution channel 52 is connected with the detection channel 53, namely the sample injection channel 51 and the buffer solution channel 52 are converged to the detection channel 53; the detection channel 53 is provided with a detection electrode, the detection electrode is connected with the data acquisition device 6, and the data acquisition device 6 is connected with the controller 9; specifically, the detection electrode comprises a working electrode, a reference electrode and a counter electrode, and the output end of each electrode is connected with the input end of the data acquisition device 6. The working electrode is an electrode modified by a rare earth nano material and is used for detecting nitrite ions, phosphate ions and potassium ions in the soil test solution; the reference electrode adopts a silver-silver chloride electrode and is used for providing a stable reference potential for the working electrode; the counter electrode is a carbon electrode and is used for forming a loop with the working electrode so as to enable current on the working electrode to flow. The detection channel 53 is further communicated with a waste liquid pipeline D, and the waste liquid pipeline D is connected with a first waste liquid bottle 75.
The automatic cleaning device 7 is provided with an air pump 71 for pumping air, the air pump 71 is connected with a spray head 72 through an air pipeline E, the spray head 72 is used for cleaning residual soil waste residues in the automatic soil sampling device 1, the automatic dumping device 2 and the automatic crushing device 3 and discharging the residual soil waste residues into a waste residue collecting bottle 74, and the air pump 71 and the spray head 72 are connected with the controller 9. The automatic cleaning device 7 is further provided with a first cleaning liquid bottle 73, the first cleaning liquid bottle 73 is connected with a cleaning pipeline F, the cleaning pipeline F is communicated with the sample injection channel 51 and the buffer liquid channel 52 of the microfluidic chip 5, concretely, the first cleaning liquid bottle 73 is connected with two peristaltic pumps 44 through two pinch valves 42 and two Y-type tee joints 43 and further respectively communicated with the test solution sample injection pipeline B and the buffer liquid sample injection pipeline C, namely, the combination of one of the pinch valves 42, the Y-type tee joint 43 and the peristaltic pumps 44 switches the injection of the test solution and the cleaning solution into the test solution sample injection pipeline B through the pinch valves 42 and the Y-type tee joints 43, and the other combination switches the injection of the buffer solution and the cleaning solution into the buffer solution sample injection pipeline C through the pinch valves 42 and the Y-type tee joints 43; during cleaning, the two peristaltic pumps 44 respectively pump the cleaning solution in the first cleaning solution bottle 73, inject the cleaning solution into the sample injection channel 51 and the buffer channel 52 of the microfluidic chip, clean the sample injection channel 51, the buffer channel 52 and the detection channel 53, and discharge the cleaning solution to the first waste solution bottle 75 through the waste solution pipeline D.
The field use mode of the embodiment is as follows:
the upper computer 8 sends an instruction to start the motor 11 through the controller 9 to drive the soil sampling drill 12 to sample, the hydraulic pusher 13 is controlled to push the taken soil sample into the automatic dumping device 2, after the soil sample is heated and dried by the heating plate 21 and detected by the quality sensor 22, the motor (not shown in the attached drawing) is rotated to drive the automatic dumping device 2 to dump the soil sample into the automatic crushing device 3, after the automatic crushing device 3 crushes, grinds and screens the soil sample, the soil sample with proper quality controlled by the quality control switch 31 enters the microwave auxiliary extraction device 4 through the soil sample introduction pipeline A, the soil sample is processed in the microwave extraction container 41, the soil sample enters the sample introduction channel 51 of the microfluidic chip 5 through the sample introduction pipeline B, meanwhile, the buffer solution in the buffer solution bottle 49 enters the buffer solution channel 52 of the microfluidic chip 5 through the buffer solution introduction pipeline C, the soil sample solution and the buffer solution are mixed in the detection channel 53 of the microfluidic chip 5 and are detected by the detection electrode, and the detection data are collected by the data collection device 6 and transmitted to the upper computer 8 through the controller 9. The automatic cleaning device 7 is then activated for cleaning.
When the automatic cleaning device 7 works, the upper computer 8 sends an instruction to control the air pump 71 and the peristaltic pump 44 to start through the controller 9. The nozzle 72 sprays air to the automatic soil sampling device 1, the automatic dumping device 2 and the automatic crushing device 3, and the waste residues of the soil sample are sprayed to the waste residue collecting bottle 74. The controller 9 controls the pinch valve 42 to work, so that the cleaning pipeline F is opened, the test solution sample injection pipeline B and the buffer solution sample injection pipeline C are closed, the test solution sample injection pipeline B, the buffer solution sample injection pipeline C and the microfluidic chip 5 are cleaned through the peristaltic pump 44, and the cleaned waste liquid is discharged to the first waste liquid bottle 75.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a machinery integration soil nutrient automatic check out system which characterized in that: the device comprises an automatic soil sampling device, an automatic dumping device, an automatic crushing device, a microwave auxiliary extraction device, a micro-fluidic chip, a data acquisition device, an automatic cleaning device, an upper computer and a controller;
the automatic soil sampling device comprises a soil sampling drill and a pusher; the pusher is used for conveying the soil sample obtained by soil taking and drilling into the automatic dumping device;
the automatic dumping device comprises a heating plate, a rotating shaft and a base; the automatic dumping device is used for heating, drying and weighing the fed soil sample and controlling the dumping angle so as to feed the soil sample into the automatic crushing device;
the automatic crushing device is used for crushing, grinding and screening a soil sample and quantitatively conveying the soil sample to the microwave auxiliary extraction device through a soil sample feeding pipeline;
the microwave-assisted extraction device comprises a microwave extraction container and a microwave resonant cavity, wherein the microwave resonant cavity comprises a waveguide for transmitting electromagnetic waves and a cavity wall, so that the electromagnetic waves are radiated and superposed for multiple times between the inner wall of the cavity to form a standing wave field, and the extraction of a soil sample in a soil test solution in the microwave extraction container is enhanced; the microwave leaching container is connected with the peristaltic pump through a pinch valve and a Y-shaped tee joint so as to switch leaching agent and cleaning liquid to be injected into the microwave leaching container;
the soil test solution in the microwave leaching container is conveyed to the microfluidic chip through a test solution sample introduction pipeline; the microwave-assisted extraction device also comprises a buffer solution bottle, and a buffer solution in the buffer solution bottle is conveyed to the microfluidic chip through a buffer solution sample introduction pipeline;
the soil test solution and the buffer solution are mixed in the microfluidic chip and are detected through a detection electrode in the microfluidic chip, and the obtained soil nutrient information is acquired by a data acquisition device;
the automatic cleaning device is used for cleaning the soil waste residues in the automatic soil sampling device, the automatic dumping device and the automatic crushing device, and cleaning the test solution sample injection pipeline, the buffer solution sample injection pipeline and the microfluidic chip through cleaning pipelines;
the automatic soil sampling device, the automatic dumping device, the automatic crushing device, the microwave-assisted extraction device, the micro-fluidic chip, the data acquisition device and the automatic cleaning device are connected with the controller;
the controller is connected with the upper computer.
2. The mechanically integrated automatic soil nutrient detection system of claim 1, wherein: the automatic soil sampling device also comprises a motor, and the motor is connected with the soil sampling drill; the automatic dumping device further comprises a rotating motor for controlling the automatic dumping device to dump the soil sample.
3. The mechanically integrated automatic soil nutrient detection system of claim 1, wherein: the soil auger is provided with a spiral cutter head.
4. The mechanically integrated automatic soil nutrient detection system of claim 1, wherein: and a quality control switch is also arranged on the soil sample inlet pipeline and is used for quantitatively controlling the quality of the soil sample entering the microwave auxiliary extraction device.
5. The mechanically integrated automatic soil nutrient detection system of claim 1, wherein: the test solution sample introduction pipeline is provided with a pinch valve, a tee joint and a peristaltic pump, and the buffer solution sample introduction pipeline is provided with another pinch valve, another tee joint and another peristaltic pump; the cleaning pipeline is communicated with the two pinch valves, the two tee joints and the two peristaltic pumps.
6. The mechanically integrated automatic soil nutrient detection system of claim 1, wherein: the microfluidic chip comprises a sample introduction channel, a buffer solution channel and a detection channel; the sample introduction channel is connected with the sample introduction pipeline of the test solution; the buffer solution channel is connected with the buffer solution sample introduction pipeline; the sample introduction channel and the buffer channel are converged to the detection channel; the detection channel is internally provided with the detection electrode, and the detection electrode comprises a working electrode for detecting nitrite ions, phosphate ions and potassium ions in the soil test solution, a reference electrode for providing stable reference potential for the working electrode, and a counter electrode for forming a loop with the working electrode and enabling current on the working electrode to flow.
7. The mechanically integrated automatic soil nutrient detection system of claim 1, wherein: the automatic cleaning device comprises an air pump, a spray head, a first cleaning liquid bottle, a waste residue collecting bottle and a first waste liquid bottle; the air pump is connected with the spray head through an air pipeline and is used for blowing soil waste residues in the automatic soil sampling device, the automatic dumping device and the automatic crushing device into the waste residue collecting bottle through air flow; the first cleaning liquid bottle is communicated with the test solution sample injection pipeline, the buffer solution sample injection pipeline and the micro-fluidic chip through the cleaning pipeline, and the micro-fluidic chip is communicated with the first waste liquid bottle through a waste liquid pipeline.
8. A detection method using the mechanically integrated automatic detection system for soil nutrients as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the automatic soil sampling device is used for sampling and then sending a soil sample into the automatic dumping device, the automatic dumping device is used for heating, drying and weighing the soil sample and then sending the soil sample into the automatic crushing device, the automatic crushing device is used for crushing, grinding and screening the soil sample and quantitatively conveying the soil sample to the microwave-assisted extraction device through a soil sample injection pipeline, the microwave-assisted extraction device is used for sending a soil test solution obtained by extracting the soil sample into the microfluidic chip through the test solution injection pipeline, the microwave-assisted extraction device is also used for sending a buffer solution into the microfluidic chip through the buffer solution injection pipeline, a detection electrode in the microfluidic chip is used for detecting soil nutrients of the mixed soil test solution and the buffer solution, and a detection result is acquired by the data acquisition device; then the automatic cleaning device cleans the soil automatic sampling device, the automatic dumping device, the automatic crushing device, the test solution sample introduction pipeline, the buffer solution sample introduction pipeline and the microfluidic chip; the controller is connected with the automatic soil sampling device, the automatic dumping device, the automatic crushing device, the microwave auxiliary extraction device, the micro-fluidic chip, the data acquisition device and the automatic cleaning device to play a role in central control; the upper computer is connected with the controller and sends commands to the controller so as to realize the operation of the detection system.
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Effective date of registration: 20231124 Address after: 362000 North China Road, Dongcheng, Fengze District, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province, 269 Patentee after: HUAQIAO University Patentee after: Hengchao Construction Engineering Group Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Zhongheng Hongrui Construction Group Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Haoyao Times (Fujian) Group Co.,Ltd. Address before: 362000 North China Road, Dongcheng, Fengze District, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province, 269 Patentee before: HUAQIAO University |