CN115597086B

CN115597086B - nozzle

Info

Publication number: CN115597086B
Application number: CN202211236025.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李钢; 雷志军; 杨金虎; 徐纲; 穆勇; 刘富强; 刘存喜
Original assignee: Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of CAS
Priority date: 2022-10-10
Filing date: 2022-10-10
Publication date: 2024-04-09
Anticipated expiration: 2042-10-10
Also published as: CN115597086A

Abstract

One aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a nozzle, comprising: a body configured as a tubular structure, an interior of the body defining a first flow passage and an exterior of the body defining a second flow passage; and a plurality of plasma exciters uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the outlet end of the body, wherein the induced flow directions of the adjacent two plasma exciters on the fluid are opposite, so that the first fluid passing through the first flow channel and the second fluid passing through the second flow channel are mixed. The mixing degree of the fluid passing through the outlet end of the nozzle is promoted by controlling the induced flow direction of the fluid through the plasma exciter, so that the mixing effect of the fluid is more sufficient.

Description

Nozzle

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of combustion devices, and more particularly, to a nozzle suitable for a gas turbine.

Background

The gas turbine is widely applied to industries such as electric power, aviation, petrochemical industry and the like due to the characteristics of small volume of a single machine, high output power and the like. With the development of technology, the combustion chamber of the existing gas turbine is required to meet the technical requirements of reliable ignition, stable combustion, high combustion efficiency and the like, and low emission is also an important technical requirement.

With respect to the requirement of low emission, various clean combustion technologies (such as lean premixed combustion technology, lean premixed pre-evaporation technology, lean direct injection technology, catalytic combustion technology and the like) are developed by various manufacturers, and the technologies can effectively reduce the emission of pollutants, but all the technologies face the problem of unstable combustion.

In order to improve the thermoacoustic instability of combustion, improve the combustion efficiency of the burner, enhance combustion stability and reduce pollutant emissions, the blending between fuel and air needs to be regulated. The common design modes such as injection hole have the defects of insufficient blending, overlong blending distance, large flow loss and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

To solve at least one technical problem of the foregoing and other aspects in the prior art, the present disclosure provides a nozzle suitable for a gas turbine, and the mixing degree of a fluid passing through an outlet end of the nozzle is promoted by controlling an induced flow direction of the fluid by a plasma exciter, so that the mixing effect of the fluid is more sufficient.

One aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a nozzle, comprising: a body configured as a tubular structure, an interior of the body defining a first flow passage and an exterior of the body defining a second flow passage; and a plurality of plasma exciters uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the outlet end of the body, wherein the induced flow directions of the adjacent two plasma exciters on the fluid are opposite, so that the first fluid passing through the first flow channel and the second fluid passing through the second flow channel are mixed.

In an exemplary embodiment, at least a portion of the excitation voltage of the plasma exciter is configured to be adjustable to adjust the excitation intensity of the plasma exciter such that the degree of mixing of the first and second fluids with air is adjustable.

In an exemplary embodiment, the plasma exciter includes: a first electrode disposed on the outlet end; an insulating medium covering at least a portion of the first electrode; the second electrode is arranged on the insulating medium and is isolated from the first electrode; the first electrode is electrically connected with the grounding end of the plasma generator, and the second electrode is electrically connected with the high-voltage end of the plasma generator.

In an exemplary embodiment, the second electrodes of two adjacent plasma exciters are mounted on the insulating medium in a staggered manner along the radial direction of the body, one of the second electrodes being configured to be adjacent to the inner wall surface of the outlet end and the other being configured to be adjacent to the outer wall surface of the outlet end.

In an exemplary embodiment, a plurality of the plasma torches share one of the insulating mediums, which covers at least a portion of each of the first electrodes.

In an exemplary embodiment, the plasma generator further comprises a separator made of an insulating material and disposed on the insulating medium between the second electrodes of the adjacent two plasma exciters to isolate the adjacent two second electrodes.

In an exemplary embodiment, the insulated second electrode is configured to rotate about an axis of the body and is adapted to adjust the relative position of the second electrode with respect to the first electrode to adjust the induced flow direction of the formed plasma to the fluid.

In an exemplary embodiment, the outlet end is configured as a planar structure extending in a radial direction with the body.

In an exemplary embodiment, a plurality of the first electrodes of the plasma exciters are mounted at regular intervals in the circumferential direction on the axial end face of the outlet end.

In an exemplary embodiment, the first electrode is configured in a fan-shaped configuration.

In an exemplary embodiment, an end portion of the first electrode facing the inner wall surface or the outer wall surface of the outlet end is configured as a bent portion that is exposed to the outside of the insulating medium and extends in the axial direction of the body.

In an exemplary embodiment, a plurality of the plasma exciters share one of the first electrodes, and the first electrode is mounted on an axial end face of the outlet end.

In an exemplary embodiment, the first electrode is configured in a ring-shaped structure.

In an exemplary embodiment, the second electrode is mounted on a surface of the insulating medium facing away from the first electrode, the first electrode covering the second electrode in projection in the axial direction of the body.

In an exemplary embodiment, the second electrode is mounted on a surface of the insulating medium between a surface facing the first electrode and a surface facing away from the first electrode.

In an exemplary embodiment, the inner wall surface and the inner wall surface of the insulating medium are chamfered such that the outlet end is configured as a sharp portion.

In an exemplary embodiment, the body is made of an insulating material, and the sharp portion is used as the insulating medium.

In an exemplary embodiment, the first electrodes of two adjacent plasma exciters are arranged in a staggered manner, one is approximately parallel to the extending direction of the inner wall surface, and the other is approximately parallel to the extending direction of the outer wall surface.

In an exemplary embodiment, the second electrodes of two adjacent plasma exciters are arranged in a staggered manner, one second electrode is arranged on the inner wall surface, the other second electrode is arranged on the epitaxy, and each second electrode corresponds to one first electrode in position and is approximately parallel to the extending direction of the corresponding first electrode.

In an exemplary embodiment, the first electrode is configured as an annular structure disposed within the sharp portion along substantially the same extension direction as the axial direction of the body.

In an exemplary embodiment, the plasma generator further includes a plurality of third electrodes, each of the third electrodes is disposed on a side of the inner wall surface between two adjacent second electrodes, which is away from the second electrodes, and the third electrodes are electrically connected to the high voltage end of the plasma generator.

According to the nozzle provided by the disclosure, induced flow is performed on the fluid through the plasma exciter, so that the first fluid and the second fluid deviate from the main flow speed direction of the first flow channel or the second flow channel under the action of the plasma exciter when passing through the outlet end, and the contact area of the first fluid and the second fluid is increased. The two adjacent plasma exciters have opposite induced flow directions of the fluid, so that shearing force is formed between the fluids induced by different plasma exciters, and a vortex structure is formed in the downstream development process, thereby being beneficial to more fully mixing the first fluid and the second fluid.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a nozzle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the induced flow direction of a fluid by a plasma actuator of the illustrative embodiment shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the induced main flow velocity direction of the first fluid and the second fluid of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a perspective view of an embodiment of a nozzle provided with a baffle;

FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a perspective view of an embodiment of a nozzle in which the second electrode is configured to rotate about an axis of the body;

FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a perspective view of an embodiment of a nozzle in which the first electrode is configured to include a bend;

FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a perspective view of an embodiment of a nozzle in which the first electrode is configured in an annular configuration;

fig. 8 is a perspective view schematically showing an embodiment of a nozzle in which the second electrode is provided on the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the insulating medium;

FIG. 9 schematically illustrates a perspective view of an embodiment of a nozzle with chamfer formed on the inner and outer wall surfaces of an insulating medium; and

fig. 10 schematically shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a nozzle provided with a third electrode.

In the drawings, the reference numerals specifically have the following meanings:

1. a body;

11. a first flow passage;

12. a second flow passage;

13. a sharp portion;

2. a plasma exciter;

21. an insulating medium;

22. a second electrode;

23. a first electrode;

24. a partition plate;

25. a third electrode;

3. an ion generator;

31. a grounding end; and

32. and a high-pressure end.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The terms "comprises," "comprising," and/or the like, as used herein, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

All terms, including technical and scientific terms, used herein have the meaning commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be construed to have meanings consistent with the context of the present specification and should not be construed in an idealized or overly formal manner.

Where expressions like at least one of "A, B and C, etc. are used, the expression" system having at least one of A, B and C "shall be construed, for example, in general, in accordance with the meaning of the expression as commonly understood by those skilled in the art, and shall include, but not be limited to, systems having a alone, B alone, C alone, a and B together, a and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, C together, etc. Where a formulation similar to at least one of "A, B or C, etc." is used, such as "a system having at least one of A, B or C" shall be interpreted in the sense one having ordinary skill in the art would understand the formulation generally, for example, including but not limited to systems having a alone, B alone, C alone, a and B together, a and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, C together, etc.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a nozzle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the induced flow direction of a fluid by a plasma actuator of the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the main flow velocity direction of the first fluid and the second fluid after being induced in the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 2.

The present disclosure provides a nozzle, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, comprising a body 1 and a plurality of plasma actuators 2. The body 1 is configured as a tubular structure, the interior of the body 1 defining a first flow passage 11, the exterior of the body 1 defining a second flow passage 12. For example, an annular body is provided at the periphery of the body 1, the gap between the annular body and the outer wall of the body forming the second flow passage adapted to convey a second fluid. The plurality of plasma exciters 2 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the outlet end of the body 1, and the induced flow directions of the fluids by the adjacent two plasma exciters 2 are opposite so as to blend the first fluid passing through the first flow passage 11 and the second fluid passing through the second flow passage 12.

In an exemplary embodiment, the body 1 is configured to include, but is not limited to, a cylindrical tubular structure.

In detail, one axial end of the body 1 is configured to be adapted to guide fluid into an inlet end (lower end as shown in fig. 1) of the body 1, and the other axial end of the body 1 is configured to be adapted to guide fluid out of an outlet end (upper end as shown in fig. 1) of the body 1. It should be understood that embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

For example, the body 1 is configured as a tray cylinder, a truncated cone, a polygon, and other tubular structures suitable for guiding a fluid therethrough.

In an exemplary embodiment, the interior of the body 1 defines a first flow passage 11 adapted to direct a first fluid therethrough, and the exterior of the body 1 defines a second flow passage 12 adapted to direct a second fluid therethrough (the second flow passage 12 includes, but is not limited to, a region between an annular body and the body 1 that is sleeved with other annular bodies (not shown) on the exterior of the body 1).

In detail, the first fluid in the first flow passage 11 flows from the inlet end to the outlet end (direction b shown in fig. 2) in the axial direction of the body 1, and the main flow velocity direction (direction a shown in fig. 2) of the second fluid in the second flow passage 12 is substantially the same as the main flow velocity direction of the first fluid.

Further, the flow rate of the first fluid and the flow rate of the second fluid may be set according to the actual blending requirement, and the flow rates of the first fluid and the second fluid may be the same or different.

In an exemplary embodiment, the plurality of plasma exciters 2 is characterized by an even number of four and more.

In detail, each plasma actuator 2 is uniformly arranged on the body 1 such that the induced flow direction of the fluid by the plasma actuator 2 is substantially the radial direction of the body 1.

In such an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, each passing plasma exciter 2 induces a flow of the fluid passing near the plasma exciter 2 so that the first fluid and the second fluid are offset from the main flow velocity direction of the first flow channel 11 or the second flow channel 12 (the a direction and the b direction are changed to the a1, a2, and b1 and b2 directions as shown in fig. 2) when passing through the outlet end by the plasma exciter 2, thereby increasing the contact area of the first fluid and the second fluid. The induced flow directions of the adjacent two plasma exciters 2 to the fluid are opposite, so that shearing force is formed between the fluids induced by the different plasma exciters 2, and a vortex structure is formed in the downstream development process, thereby being beneficial to more fully mixing the first fluid and the second fluid.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, at least a portion of the excitation voltage of the plasma exciter 2 is configured to be adjustable, and is adapted to adjust the excitation intensity of the plasma exciter 2 so that the degree of mixing of the first fluid and the second fluid with air is adjustable.

In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a plasma generator 3 is also included.

In detail, the plasma generator 3 is adapted to adjust the excitation voltage of each plasma exciter 2. It should be understood that embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

For example, the plasma generator 3 may be adapted to regulate the excitation voltage of a portion (including but not limited to several spaced apart or adjacent to a region) of the plasma exciter 2.

In such an embodiment, the excitation voltage of the plasma exciter 2 is adjusted by the plasma generator to adjust the excitation intensity of the plasma exciter 2. Thus, by regulating the mixing degree of the first fluid and the second fluid with air, unstable combustion phenomena (such as thermal acoustic instability of combustion) caused by insufficient mixing can be dynamically regulated.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the plasma exciter 2 includes a first electrode 23, an insulating medium 21, and a second electrode 22. The first electrode 23 is arranged on the outlet end. The insulating medium 21 covers at least a portion of the first electrode 23. The second electrode 22 is disposed on the insulating medium 21 and isolated from the first electrode 23. The first electrode 23 is electrically connected to the ground terminal 31 of the plasma generator 3, and the second electrode 22 is electrically connected to the high voltage terminal 32 of the plasma generator 3.

According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the second electrodes 22 of two adjacent plasma exciters 2 are mounted on the insulating medium 21 so as to be offset in the radial direction of the body 1, one second electrode 22 being configured to be close to the inner wall surface of the outlet end, and the other second electrode 22 being configured to be close to the outer wall surface of the outlet end.

In an exemplary embodiment, the inner wall surface near the outlet end is characterized as being located inside a circle formed with a radius from the midpoint in the thickness direction of the body 1 to the axis of the body 1, and the outer wall surface near the outlet end is characterized as being located outside the circle.

In detail, the plurality of first electrodes 23 are configured to be centered symmetrically about the axis of the body 1.

Further, the plurality of second electrodes 22 are configured to be symmetrical about the center of the axis of the body 1.

In such an embodiment, the two adjacent plasma exciters 2 can form opposite induced flow directions of the fluid through the second electrodes arranged in a staggered manner, and the plurality of first electrodes 23 and the plurality of second electrodes 22 are configured to have a circular symmetry structure, so that the inducing effects of the two plasma exciters 2 with the same induced flow direction of the fluid are substantially the same, which is beneficial to control the blending degree of the fluid.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a plurality of plasma exciters 2 share one insulating medium 21, and the insulating medium 21 covers at least a portion of each first electrode 23.

In an exemplary embodiment, an insulating medium 21 overlies each first electrode 23.

In another exemplary embodiment, the insulating medium 21 covers a portion of the first electrode 23 such that another portion of the first electrode 23 is exposed to the outside of the insulating medium 21 and isolated from the second electrode 22.

In such an embodiment, the plurality of plasma exciters 2 share one insulating medium 21, which is advantageous in simplifying the structure of the nozzle and reducing the difficulty in manufacturing and assembling.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a nozzle according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 4, the nozzle further includes a separator 24 made of an insulating material, disposed on the insulating medium 21 between the second electrodes 22 of the adjacent two plasma exciters 2, so as to isolate the adjacent two second electrodes 22.

In an exemplary embodiment, the spacer 24 may be made of the same material including, but not limited to, the insulating medium 21.

In one illustrative embodiment, the baffles 24 are configured in a fan-like configuration.

In detail, the separator 24 is disposed between two adjacent second electrodes 22.

Further, both ends of the separator 24 are respectively bonded to the end portions of the second electrodes 22 facing each other.

In an exemplary embodiment, the spacer 24 is mounted on the insulating medium 21.

In another exemplary embodiment, the spacer 24 is integrally formed on the insulating medium 21.

In detail, a groove portion is formed between two adjacent separators 24, and one second electrode 22 is adapted to be mounted in the groove portion.

In such an embodiment, the separator 24 provided between the two second electrodes 22 is adapted to isolate the two second electrodes 22 to prevent creepage between the two second electrodes 22, so as to prevent the effect of weakening the effect of regulating the degree of mixing due to creepage. In addition, since plasma is not formed in the region where the partition plate 24 is provided, angular vortex motion is generated in the region where the partition plate 24 and the plasma exciter 2 form, and the vortex formed by the angular vortex motion contributes to controlling the blending degree.

Fig. 5 schematically illustrates a perspective view of an embodiment of a nozzle in which the second electrode is configured to rotate about an axis of the body.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 5, the insulated second electrode 22 is configured to rotate about the axis of the body 1, adapted to adjust the relative position of the second electrode 22 with respect to the first electrode 23 to adjust the induced flow direction of the formed plasma to the fluid.

In an exemplary embodiment, the second electrode 22 is fixed to the insulating medium 21.

In detail, the insulating medium 21 is configured to be connected to a driving mechanism adapted to drive the insulating medium 21 and each of the second electrodes 22 to rotate about an axis (e-direction as shown in fig. 5).

Further, the axis of the body 1 coincides with the axis of the first flow channel 11 and/or the second flow channel 12.

It should be noted that the driving mechanism is not a protection gist of the present disclosure, and any mechanism that can be used in the art to drive the body 1 to rotate may be alternatively used, and specific development is not performed.

In such an embodiment, the gap between adjacent plasma exciters 2 does not generate plasma, and therefore, the position between the electrodes relative to the first electrode 23 can be changed by driving the second electrode 22 to rotate, so that plasma which can induce a fluid is periodically formed in the gap position. In this way, the interlacing between the fluids can be more compact, and the disturbance of the plasma exciter 2 to the first fluid and the second fluid on both sides of the body 1 can be enhanced, which is beneficial to making the mixing between the fluids more sufficient.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the outlet end is configured in a planar structure extending in a radial direction with the body 1.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the first electrodes 23 of the plurality of plasma exciters 2 are installed at regular intervals in the circumferential direction on the axial end face of the outlet end.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the first electrode 23 is configured in a fan-shaped structure.

In an exemplary embodiment, the body 1 is configured as a cylindrical tubular structure, and the outlet end (upper end as shown in fig. 1) is configured as a circular ring.

In detail, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of fan-shaped first electrodes 23 are mounted on the upper end surface of the outlet end in the circumferential direction of the outlet end.

Fig. 6 schematically illustrates a perspective view of an embodiment of a nozzle in which the first electrode is configured to include a bend.

According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 6, the end portion of the first electrode 23 facing the inner wall surface or the outer wall surface of the outlet end is configured as a bent portion that is exposed to the outside of the insulating medium 21 and extends in the axial direction of the body 1.

In an exemplary embodiment, the first electrode 23 is configured as a sector of a sector structure, one arc-shaped end of which is integrally provided with a bent portion.

In detail, the bent portion is orthogonal to the fan-shaped portion.

Further, the bending portion corresponds to the position of the second electrode 22, and as shown in fig. 6, an arc end of the first electrode 23 away from the second electrode 22 is integrally provided with the bending portion.

Further, the bending portion extends along the inner wall surface or the outer wall surface of the body 1.

In such an embodiment, the bending portion is exposed to the outside of the insulating medium 21, and is suitable for enhancing the induction effect of the plasma exciter 2 on the fluid, so as to optimize the mixing effect of the first fluid and the second fluid on both sides of the nozzle regulated by the plasma exciter 2.

Fig. 7 schematically shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a nozzle in which the first electrode is configured in a ring-shaped structure.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 7, a plurality of plasma exciters 2 share one first electrode 23, and the first electrode 23 is mounted on an axial end face of the outlet end.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 7, the first electrode 23 is configured in a ring-shaped structure.

In an exemplary embodiment, the first electrode 23 is mounted on the upper end face of the outlet end as shown in fig. 7.

In detail, the width of the first electrode 23 is smaller than the width of the upper end face of the outlet end, and both the inner edge and the outer edge of the first electrode 23 are located in an annular area of projection formed along the axial direction of the outlet end. It should be understood that embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

For example, the first electrode 23 may be configured in a generally annular or arcuate irregular structure.

In such an embodiment, the plurality of plasma exciters 2 share the single first electrode 23, which is advantageous in simplifying the structure of the plasma exciters 2 and facilitating assembly with the main body 1 and the insulating medium 21.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the second electrode 22 is mounted on a surface of the insulating medium 21 facing away from the first electrode 23, the first electrode 23 covering the second electrode 22 in projection in the axial direction of the body 1.

In an exemplary embodiment, the first electrode 23 and/or the second electrode 22 are configured in a fan-shaped structure.

In detail, the width of the second electrode 22 is smaller than the width of the first electrode 23.

In an exemplary embodiment, the second electrode 22 is mounted on the insulating medium 21 in an area covered by a projection of the first electrode 23 of the same plasma actuator 2 in the axial direction of the body 1.

In detail, the arc length of the second electrode 22 is substantially the same as the arc length of the first electrode 23.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the first electrode 23 is in close contact with the lower surface of the insulating medium 21, and the second electrode 22 is mounted on the upper surface of the insulating medium 21.

In this embodiment, the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 22 are isolated by the insulating medium 21, and have good insulation properties.

Fig. 8 schematically shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a nozzle in which the second electrode is provided on the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the insulating medium.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 8, a second electrode 22 is mounted on a surface of the insulating medium 21 between a surface facing the first electrode 23 and a surface facing away from the first electrode 23.

In an exemplary embodiment, the insulating medium 21 is configured in a ring-shaped structure.

Specifically, the width of the insulating medium 21 is the same as the thickness of the main body 1, and the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the insulating medium 21 overlap with the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the main body 1.

Further, the first electrode 23 is configured in a fan-shaped structure, and the second electrode 22 is configured in a bar-shaped structure with a curvature.

Further, the insulating medium 21 covers each first electrode 23, and the adjacent second electrodes 22 are arranged on the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the insulating medium 21 in a staggered manner, and the arc length of the second electrodes 22 is the same as the arc length of the arc-shaped ends of the fan-shaped structures of the first electrodes 23 facing each other.

In such an embodiment, the second electrode 22 is provided on the inner wall surface or the outer wall surface, so that the strength of the induced flow of the fluid by the plasma actuator 2 can be enhanced, and the blending effect of the first fluid and the second fluid can be advantageously optimized.

Fig. 9 schematically shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a nozzle in which the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the insulating medium are chamfered.

According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 9, the inner wall surface and the inner wall surface of the insulating medium are both chamfered so that the outlet end is configured as the sharp portion 13.

According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 9, the body 1 is made of an insulating material, and the sharp portion 13 is used as the insulating medium 21.

According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 9, the first electrodes 23 of two adjacent plasma exciters 2 are arranged in a staggered manner, one is substantially parallel to the extending direction of the inner wall surface, and the other is substantially parallel to the extending direction of the outer wall surface.

According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 9, the second electrodes 22 of two adjacent plasma exciters 2 are arranged in a staggered manner, one second electrode 22 is arranged on the inner wall surface, the other second electrode 22 is arranged on the epitaxy, and each second electrode 22 corresponds to the position of one first electrode 23 and is substantially parallel to the extending direction of the corresponding first electrode 23.

In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the outlet end form an included angle (β as shown in fig. 9) in a section along the radial direction of the body 1.

In detail, included angles include, but are not limited to, any angle configured to be 30 ° to 120 °, such as 30 °, 35 °, 40 °, and others.

In such an embodiment, the outlet end extends along the axial direction of the body 1 to form a pointed structure, which is favorable for enhancing the deflection movement of the air flow, and can more fully exert the disturbance effect of the plasma exciter 2 so as to achieve a better excitation effect.

According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 10, the first electrode 23 is configured in a ring-shaped structure in substantially the same extending direction as the axial direction of the body 1, and the first electrode 23 is disposed inside the sharp portion 13.

In an exemplary embodiment, the first electrode 23 coincides with a center line in the thickness direction of the body 1.

In such an embodiment, the first electrode 23 extends in substantially the same direction as the axial direction of the body 1 (i.e., parallel to the axis of the body 1), and the thickness of the insulating medium 21 is no longer a fixed value but gradually decreases from bottom to top. Thus, the excitation intensity of the plasma exciter 2 can be improved more effectively.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 10, the nozzle further includes a plurality of third electrodes 25, each third electrode 25 is disposed at a side of an inner wall surface or an outer wall surface between two adjacent second electrodes 22, which is away from the second electrodes 22, and the third electrodes 25 are electrically connected to the high voltage end 32 of the plasma generator 3.

In this embodiment, the third electrode 25 is electrically connected to the high voltage end 32 of the plasma generator 3, which corresponds to the addition of a plurality of second electrodes 22. This increases the plasma area of the plasma exciter 2, and contributes to the enhancement of the excitation effect of the plasma exciter 2.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the features recited in the various embodiments of the invention and/or in the claims may be combined in several combinations or combinations, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly recited in the invention. In particular, the features recited in the various embodiments of the invention and/or in the claims can be combined in several ways and/or combined without departing from the spirit and teachings of the invention. All such combinations and/or combinations fall within the scope of the invention.

While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further details of the invention may be had by the present invention, it should be understood that the foregoing description is merely illustrative of the present invention and that no changes, substitutions, or alterations herein may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nozzle, comprising:

-a body (1) configured as a tubular structure, the interior of the body (1) defining a first flow passage (11), the exterior of the body (1) defining a second flow passage (12); and

a plurality of plasma exciters (2) which are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the outlet end of the body (1), wherein the induced flow directions of the adjacent two plasma exciters (2) to the fluid are opposite so as to blend the first fluid passing through the first flow channel (11) and the second fluid passing through the second flow channel (12); and

a separator (24) made of an insulating material;

the plasma exciter (2) includes:

a first electrode (23) disposed on the outlet end;

an insulating medium (21) covering at least a portion of the first electrode (23); and

a second electrode (22) disposed on the insulating medium (21) and isolated from the first electrode (23);

wherein the first electrode (23) is electrically connected with a grounding end (31) of the plasma generator (3), and the second electrode (22) is electrically connected with a high-voltage end (32) of the plasma generator (3); a separator (24) is provided on the insulating medium (21) between the second electrodes (22) of the adjacent two plasma exciters (2) to isolate the adjacent two second electrodes (22).

2. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein an excitation voltage of at least a portion of the plasma exciter (2) is configured to be adjustable to adjust an excitation intensity of the plasma exciter (2) such that a degree of mixing of the first fluid and the second fluid with air is adjustable.

3. Nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the second electrodes (22) of two adjacent plasma exciters (2) are mounted on the insulating medium (21) offset in the radial direction of the body (1), one of the second electrodes (22) being configured close to the inner wall surface of the outlet end and the other being configured close to the outer wall surface of the outlet end.

4. A nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of said plasma actuators (2) share one said insulating medium (21), said insulating medium (21) covering at least a portion of each of said first electrodes (23).

5. A nozzle according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the second electrode (22) is configured to rotate about the axis of the body (1), adapted to adjust the relative position of the second electrode (22) with respect to the first electrode (23) to adjust the induced flow direction of the formed plasma to the fluid.

6. A nozzle according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the outlet end is configured as a planar structure extending in a radial direction with the body (1).

7. A nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that the first electrodes (23) of a plurality of the plasma exciters (2) are mounted at regular intervals in the circumferential direction on the axial end face of the outlet end.

8. Nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that the first electrode (23) is configured in a fan-shaped structure.

9. Nozzle according to claim 8, characterized in that the end of the first electrode (23) facing the inner or outer wall surface of the outlet end is configured as a bent portion, which is exposed to the outside of the insulating medium (21) and extends in the axial direction of the body (1).

10. A nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that a plurality of said plasma exciters (2) share one said first electrode (23), said first electrode (23) being mounted on an axial end face of said outlet end.

11. Nozzle according to claim 10, characterized in that the first electrode (23) is configured as an annular structure.

12. Nozzle according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the second electrode (22) is mounted on a surface of the insulating medium (21) facing away from the first electrode (23), the first electrode (23) covering the second electrode (22) in projection in the axial direction of the body (1).

13. Nozzle according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the second electrode (22) is mounted on the surface of the insulating medium (21) facing the first electrode (23) and between the surface facing away from the first electrode (23).

14. A nozzle according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the insulating medium are each chamfered so that the outlet end is configured as a sharp part (13).

15. Nozzle according to claim 14, characterized in that the body (1) is made of an insulating material, the sharp portion (13) being the insulating medium (21).

16. Nozzle according to claim 15, characterized in that the first electrodes (23) of two adjacent plasma exciters (2) are arranged offset, one being substantially parallel to the extension direction of the inner wall surface and the other being substantially parallel to the extension direction of the outer wall surface.

17. Nozzle according to claim 16, characterized in that the second electrodes (22) of two adjacent plasma exciters (2) are arranged offset, one second electrode (22) being arranged on the inner wall surface and the other second electrode (22) being arranged on the outer wall surface, each second electrode (22) corresponding to the position of one first electrode (23) and being substantially parallel to the extension direction of the corresponding first electrode (23).

18. Nozzle according to claim 15, characterized in that the first electrode (23) is configured in an annular structure, arranged in the pointed portion (13) along substantially the same extension direction as the axial direction of the body (1).

19. The nozzle according to claim 18, further comprising a plurality of third electrodes (25), each third electrode (25) being arranged on a side of the inner wall surface between two adjacent second electrodes (22) remote from the second electrodes (22), the third electrodes (25) being electrically connected to a high voltage end (32) of the plasma generator (3).