CN115596812A - Hypocycloid gear transmission and speed reducer - Google Patents

Abstract

The involute gear reducer, whether a fixed shaft type or a planetary reducer, has the phenomenon of inter-tooth sliding and bending, and the overlapping degree is less than 1.2. To overcome the tooth bending, the speed reducers are made to be large, the size and the weight of the speed reducers are reduced by ninety-nine percent, no bending and no sliding are achieved between teeth, and each tooth is in a meshing state. Therefore, the hypocycloid speed reducer is innovated and invented by our company. A new cycloidal reducer, hypocycloid reducer, its center is the input shaft and integral eccentric bearing (2) installed on the input shaft, the raceway of two eccentric shafts of integral eccentric bearing (2) have Z or Z factor cylindrical roller respectively, the cylindrical roller (B1) is installed in the retainer (2-2), outside is a whole hypocycloid gear (1). The hypocycloid gear (1) has Z +1 hypocycloid teeth, and the outer side of the hypocycloid gear is connected with the output shaft through a key. When the input shaft rotates, the integral eccentric shaft (2-1) is driven to rotate, the roller path of the integral eccentric shaft (2-1) drives the rolling body (B1) to rotate, and the rotation of the rolling body (B1) drives the hypocycloid gear (1) to rotate. In this way, no bending between the teeth, pure rolling, all the teeth in mesh, with half of them in the loaded state, is achieved. Both volume and weight are reduced by ninety-nine percent.

Description

Hypocycloid gear transmission and speed reducer

The technical field is as follows: the utility model provides a novel cycloid transmission speed reducer, a shaft coupling and a novel bearing: hypocycloid gear and its transmission and hypocycloid reducer, hypocycloid speed reducing coupling and hypocycloid speed reducing bearing. The finished product of the speed reducer is called a hypocycloid speed reducer in the field of speed reducers, is called a speed reduction coupling in the field of couplings, and is called a speed reduction bearing in the field of bearings. The application field of the bearing is in the field of speed reducers and couplings, and the manufacturing field of the bearing.

The background art comprises the following steps: the world's regular gear drive begins with an involute gear drive, referred to simply as a gear drive. It has several disadvantages: one, the first step. The degree of overlap is too small. Not exceeding 1.2. And II, performing secondary treatment. There is severe sliding friction between teeth. And thirdly, performing the operation of the device. Therefore, the noise is too loud at high-speed rotation. And fourthly, the method comprises the following steps. Therefore, the transmission power is greatly affected. And fifthly. There is severe bending of the teeth. And sixthly. Therefore, the volume and the weight of the speed reducer are both greatly improved. And seventhly. Therefore, the speed increaser is troublesome to manufacture. And eighthly. Most of the speed reducers are non-coaxial speed reducers, and the volume and the weight of the speed reducers are greatly improved to realize coaxial speed reduction transmission. In recent years, new gear drive principles have emerged: the principle of the short-amplitude epicycloid transmission is that all cycloid teeth are in a meshing state, but only part of the cycloid teeth are in the meshing state, so that the meshing degree of the transmission is improved by seven-eight times compared with that of an involute gear transmission, and the transmission is much smaller in size and weight. But is very poor in high power transmission and is not ideal: the mechanism does not use the common simple supporting beam direct transmission, but uses the integral eccentric bearing on the high-speed input shaft to drive the pin shafts of a plurality of cantilever beams on the low-speed output shaft in a swinging way of the epicycloidal gear, and then uses the W mechanism of a plurality of pin shafts to drive the low-speed output shaft, and the mechanism can not transmit high power, is very backward and is not easy to use.

The invention content is as follows: i have invented a new type of gear drive where the teeth are referred to differently in different fields, in the mechanical field as the teeth of a hypocycloidal gear, and in differential geometry as the branch of a hypocycloid. The defects of involute gear transmission and short-amplitude epicycloid transmission are overcome thoroughly, and the transmission between the teeth is realized as follows: one, the first step. Each tooth is in an engaged condition with half of the teeth in a load-bearing condition. And II, performing secondary treatment. Pure rolling, no sliding. And thirdly, performing secondary drying. There is no bending of the teeth. And fourthly, the method comprises the following steps. And no noise. And fifthly. The volume and the weight of the involute planetary gear reducer are one percent of those of an involute planetary gear reducer with the same power. And sixthly. Its drive is direct drive, not the pin drive of the W mechanism. Therefore, the transmission efficiency is improved by hundreds of times. And seventhly, performing the operation. The transmission mechanism is coaxial and reverse transmission, namely, an input shaft and an output shaft are on the same axis and are in reverse transmission mutually. And eighthly. Its transmission ratio is-1 to-120, and it can be used for speed-reducing and speed-increasing. Wherein, the hypocycloid reducer with the transmission ratio of-1 is also called as a reverser.

In application, for example, products sensitive to volume and weight, such as fan speed reducers of engines of turbofan jet aircraft, do not have ideal acceleration ratios of several times, more than ten times to more than twenty times, and the problem is solved completely only by the patent. For example, the reduction ratio of a speed reducer of a propeller of a helicopter is generally 1: 120, the speed reducer needs coaxial input and output transmission, and the weight of the speed reducer does not exceed one percent of the weight of the original planetary gear speed reducer. This is important in flying in high-altitude areas. In order to eliminate the torque of the propeller, the same propeller driven by a reverser must be added above the original propeller, so that the flight is more stable. The eagle airplane in the United states is easy to have accidents when the flying from the vertical flight to the horizontal flight because the eagle airplane does not have the device. For example, when a hypocycloidal reducer is used in a submarine, noise generated by the reducer can be eliminated completely.

Description of the drawings: fig. 1 is a general assembly drawing of a hypocycloid speed reducer, fig. 2 is a hypocycloid gear, fig. 3 is an integral eccentric shaft, and fig. 4 is an assembly drawing of an integral eccentric bearing.

The specific implementation mode is as follows: the hypocycloid reducer consists of two parts: the first part is the outermost part-hypocycloidal gear (1), as shown in fig. 2. The outside of the gear box is provided with a spline or a key which is connected with a low-speed transmission shaft. The inside is a short hypocycloid tooth. The second part is an integral eccentric bearing (2) mounted inside the cycloid tooth, which, as shown in fig. 4, is composed of an integral eccentric shaft (2-1) shown in fig. 3, a cage (2-2) and rolling elements (B1). The integral eccentric bearing (2) is arranged in the cycloid teeth. The integral eccentric bearing (2) is characterized in that: the structure of the integral eccentric bearing (2) is the same as that of the integral eccentric bearing sold in the market at present, the integral eccentric shaft (2-1) is provided with two eccentric shafts which are 180 degrees with each other, only the eccentricity A of the integral eccentric shaft (2-1), the number z and the diameter d of the rolling bodies (B1) and the radius R of central circles of the rolling bodies have strict requirements, and the results are respectively calculated by respective calculation formulas. The eccentricity A of a commercially available integral eccentric bearing (2), z and d of a rolling element, and the radius R of a central circle of the rolling element are either large or small.

The hypocycloid transmission theory is a complete and systematic theory which is not existed in the prior people and is a theoretical system originally created by the inventor. The invention also discloses a hypocycloid processing machine tool and a processing method while designing a whole set of hypocycloid transmission design theory. Here said number of rolling elements z is the maximum number of rolling elements z arranged along the circumference of an eccentric shaft, while-z is also the transmission ratio of the hypocycloid reducer. The number of rolling elements used in practice can be z or a factor of z. For example, in fig. 1, the number of rolling elements of the integral eccentric bearing is z =12, and the transmission ratio thereof is-12, the number of rolling elements may be 6,4,3 or 2, the number of teeth of the hypocycloid gear (1) of the hypocycloid reducer is z +1, or the number of hypocycloid branches called hypocycloid gear is z +1, for example, the number of teeth of the outer ring is 13, as shown in fig. 2. The number of its rolling bodies z is 12, also the minimum number of 6,4,3,2,1.Z is 1. The minimum transmission ratio is-1, the reducer with transmission ratio-1 is also called reverser. It has unique application. An outer ring (1) of the hypocycloid reducer is provided with a hypocycloid gear (1). Each tooth of which we also refer to as a branch of the hypocycloid.

(eight) when the integral eccentric shaft (2-1) rotates at a high speed, each time the integral eccentric shaft rotates one turn, the rolling body (B1) which is meshed with the roller path of the integral eccentric shaft for transmission also rotates one turn in the opposite direction, and simultaneously, the low-speed hypocycloid gear (1) which is meshed with the rolling body (B1) for transmission rotates one tooth in the opposite direction. The high-speed shaft is connected with the integral eccentric shaft (2-1).

In the sectional view, the root circle and the tip circle of the hypocycloid gear are indicated by solid lines, and the intermediate pitch circle is indicated by a dashed-dotted line. The central circle of the rolling elements is indicated by a dot-dash line and has a radius R.

(10) Except for this patent, the cycloid in cycloidal reducers and cycloidal gears in cycloidal reducers refers to epicycloids, precisely to short-amplitude epicycloids, of which the cycloidal gear is an epicycloid gear. The cycloid wheel described in this patent is a hypocycloid wheel (1). The only similar parts of the hypocycloid reducer and the (epicycloid reducer are an integral eccentric bearing (2). In the (epicycloid) speed reducer, the function of the (epicycloid) speed reducer is used for the function of an integral eccentric bearing) 2, two (epicycloid wheels) are simultaneously driven to swing, and a W mechanism which passes through the interaction of a pin gear pin, a pin gear sleeve and a pin gear ring drives a low-speed output shaft to rotate. Because the main transmission part in the W mechanism is the pin shaft which is the installation mode of the cantilever beam, the transmission torque is greatly lost, and the W mechanism is complex, clumsy, huge and not ideal. The ideal transmission supporting mode is that the transmission is directly carried out after the support is carried out in a simply supported beam mode by supporting two ends. The patent is an ideal transmission mode, even the supports at two ends are not used, and the supports are directly provided by an input shaft and an output shaft. Therefore, the product of the patent is more like a coupling which directly drives and connects the low-speed output shaft and the high-speed output shaft. Namely, the rollers (B1) on two eccentric shafts (2-1) of the integral eccentric bearing (2) directly drive the hypocycloid gear (1).

Claims (2)

1. A cycloidal reducer, hypocycloid reducer, it is a speed reduction bearing with reduction ratio at the same time, it is a speed reduction coupling, it is made up of integral eccentric bearing (2), every eccentric shaft has Z of natural number or factor of Z rolling element (B1) on two eccentric shafts of the integral eccentric bearing (2), have two integral eccentric shafts (2-1) and two cages (2-2) that are 180 degrees eccentricity A each other and make up, its characteristic is: it also comprises a hypocycloid speed reducer with a transmission ratio of-Z formed by a hypocycloid gear (1) with Z +1 teeth.

2. The hypocycloidal reducer according to claim 1 wherein: the integral eccentric bearing (2) is arranged on the high-speed input shaft, the integral eccentric shaft (2-1) of the integral eccentric bearing (2) is driven to rotate when the high-speed input shaft rotates, the rolling body (B1) is in reverse friction transmission on a raceway of the integral eccentric shaft (2-1), the rolling body (B1) reversely transmits the hypocycloid gear (1), and the hypocycloid gear (1) transmits the low-speed output shaft to rotate through an outermost key or a spline.

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