CN115594727B - Purification method of 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation broth and purification intermediate thereof - Google Patents
Purification method of 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation broth and purification intermediate thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115594727B CN115594727B CN202211227570.5A CN202211227570A CN115594727B CN 115594727 B CN115594727 B CN 115594727B CN 202211227570 A CN202211227570 A CN 202211227570A CN 115594727 B CN115594727 B CN 115594727B
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- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N vitamin D3 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- UCTLRSWJYQTBFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dehydrocholesterol Natural products C1C(O)CCC2(C)C(CCC3(C(C(C)CCCC(C)C)CCC33)C)C3=CC=C21 UCTLRSWJYQTBFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000010855 food raising agent Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000194 supercritical-fluid extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000020 calcium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000016337 monopotassium tartrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- KYKNRZGSIGMXFH-ZVGUSBNCSA-M potassium bitartrate Chemical compound [K+].OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O KYKNRZGSIGMXFH-ZVGUSBNCSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940081543 potassium bitartrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241001052560 Thallis Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XUGISPSHIFXEHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3beta-acetoxy-cholest-5-ene Natural products C1C=C2CC(OC(C)=O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)CCCC(C)C)C1(C)CC2 XUGISPSHIFXEHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005893 bromination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XUGISPSHIFXEHZ-VEVYEIKRSA-N cholesteryl acetate Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](OC(C)=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 XUGISPSHIFXEHZ-VEVYEIKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001732 sebaceous gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J9/00—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of more than two carbon atoms, e.g. cholane, cholestane, coprostane
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a purification method of 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation broth and a purification intermediate thereof, and relates to the technical field of foods. The invention provides a purification intermediate for preparing 7-dehydrocholesterol by a microbial fermentation method, which is porous particles containing solids in 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation broth. The invention also provides a method for purifying the 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation broth, which comprises the step of carrying out supercritical extraction on the purification intermediate CO 2 to obtain the 7-dehydrocholesterol. According to the invention, the loose and porous purification intermediate is prepared by mixing the solid in the 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation broth with the leavening agent, so that the yield and purity of the subsequent extraction and purification methods such as CO 2 supercritical extraction can be improved, the yield is not lower than 98%, the purity is not lower than 80%, and the blank of the extraction method for producing 7-dehydrocholesterol by the existing fermentation method is filled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foods, in particular to a purification method of 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation broth and a purification intermediate thereof.
Background
7-Dehydrocholesterol is a steroid substance, an important intermediate in the production of vitamin D 3, converted from cholesterol in humans, and found in sebaceous glands and its secretions in animal skin. 7-dehydrocholesterol in human skin tissue can be directly converted into vitamin D 3 under the irradiation of sunlight. The traditional method for producing 7-dehydrocholesterol is a chemical synthesis method, which takes cholesterol acetate as a raw material, and synthesizes 7-dehydrocholesterol through bromination, or oxidation, elimination and hydrolysis reaction. The chemical synthesis method has the problems of difficult removal of byproducts, high energy consumption, low yield, harsh conditions, serious pollution and the like.
At present, a great deal of research has been conducted on the method for producing 7-dehydrocholesterol by a microbial fermentation method, but the main research direction is to improve the fermentation yield of 7-dehydrocholesterol. Methods reported in patents such as patent CN107075551B of Kyowa chemical Co., ltd., patent CN112813129A, CN114606147A, CN114703077A of Jiangnan university, patent CN113151027 of Tianjin university and the like are focused on screening of fermentation strains and molecular transformation, and the technology for extracting and purifying 7-dehydrocholesterol in fermentation broth is not developed.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems, the invention provides a purification intermediate capable of improving the purification efficiency of 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation broth and a purification method using the purification intermediate, which make up the blank of the extraction method for producing 7-dehydrocholesterol by the existing fermentation method and realize the complete production process for preparing 7-dehydrocholesterol by the fermentation method.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a purified intermediate for the preparation of 7-dehydrocholesterol by microbial fermentation, the purified intermediate being porous particles comprising solids in a 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation broth.
Preferably, the diameter of the purified intermediate is 0.25mm to 0.850mm (60 mesh to 20 mesh), and the porosity of the purified intermediate is 1 μm to 20 μm.
Preferably, the purification intermediate is a porous particle prepared according to the following method: extracting solid matters of the 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation liquid, mixing the solid matters with a leavening agent for pelletization, and exciting the leavening agent to manufacture pores to obtain porous particles.
Preferably, the leavening agent is selected from one or more of sodium bicarbonate, calcium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate and potassium bitartrate.
Preferably, the heating of the excited leavening agent is 45-55 ℃.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the solid matter to the leavening agent is 100:1-5.
Preferably, the moisture content of the solid is 30% -40%.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for purifying 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation broth, comprising the steps of:
Carrying out CO 2 supercritical extraction on the purified intermediate in the technical scheme, wherein the extraction pressure is 15-25 MPa, and the extraction temperature is 40-50 ℃ to obtain a isolate, so as to obtain 7-dehydrocholesterol; organic entrainer is added during supercritical CO 2 extraction.
Preferably, the conditions of supercritical extraction of CO 2 include: the extraction pressure is 18 MPa-20 MPa, the extraction temperature is 40-45 ℃, and the extraction time is 90-180 min.
Preferably, the organic entrainer is selected from one or more of ethanol, methanol and isopropanol.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. According to the invention, solid matters (including thalli and the like) in the 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation liquid and the leavening agent are mixed and granulated, and the leavening agent is excited to generate gas (such as carbon dioxide, ammonia and the like) and is separated from particles, so that a purification intermediate with loose and porous pores is formed, which is beneficial to improving the extraction efficiency of a subsequent extraction method (such as supercritical extraction and the like) and reducing the residual of 7-dehydrocholesterol.
2. The invention provides a purification method for a 7-dehydrocholesterol microbial fermentation method, which is characterized in that a purification intermediate with loose and porous pores is subjected to CO 2 supercritical extraction, the yield of the 7-dehydrocholesterol can reach more than 98%, and the purity can reach 80%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an electron microscope of a purification intermediate diagram according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a purification intermediate for preparing 7-dehydrocholesterol by a microbial fermentation method, wherein the purification intermediate is porous particles containing solids in 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation liquid. Since 7-dehydrocholesterol synthesized by microbial fermentation exists in the cells, the extraction and purification efficiency of 7-dehydrocholesterol is improved by making the solid including the cells into porous particles. The purification intermediate provided by the invention comprises thalli and thalli fragments obtained by fermentation, so that the yield and purity of the extraction of 7-dehydrocholesterol by a CO 2 supercritical extraction method can be improved. In the present invention, the diameter of the purified intermediate is 0.25 to 0.850mm, preferably 0.355 to 0.425mm; the porosity of the purified intermediate is 1 μm to 20. Mu.m, preferably 2 μm to 15nm, more preferably 5 μm to 10. Mu.m.
The purified intermediate of the invention can be prepared by the following method:
A1, centrifuging or press-filtering the 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation liquor to obtain a solid;
A2, mixing and granulating the solid and the leavening agent to obtain granules with the diameter of 0.25-0.850 mm (60-20 meshes); the leavening agent is selected from substances capable of generating gas;
A3, exciting the leavening agent to manufacture pores to obtain porous particles containing solids in the 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation broth.
The method for fermenting 7-dehydrocholesterol is not particularly limited, and the method can be applied to the purification of fermentation liquor obtained by various 7-dehydrocholesterol microbial fermentation methods known in the art. In the present invention, the moisture content (mass%) of the solid obtained in step A1 is preferably 30% to 40%. Firstly, solid matters are separated from fermentation liquor based on the fact that thalli in the fermentation liquor still generate heat after fermentation is finished, so that the temperature of feed liquor is increased, and the problem that the temperature of the fermentation liquor is increased continuously and is not beneficial to equipment protection exists in the process of directly using the fermentation liquor for extraction and purification in the subsequent purification treatment. In the present invention, the temperature of the 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation broth is reduced to 10 ℃ to 15 ℃ before centrifugation or pressure filtration in step A1.
In the present invention, the leavening agent in step A2 includes, but is not limited to, one or more of sodium bicarbonate, calcium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate and potassium bitartrate; when one or more of the above leavening agents are used, the corresponding excitation mode of the leavening agent may be low temperature heating, for example, heating at 45-55 ℃ to expel the gas to produce porous particles. In some embodiments of the invention, the pores are produced by exciting the leavening agent and then drying the pores by adopting a decompression drying mode, wherein the vacuum degree of decompression drying is-0.09 MPa to-0.06 MPa. In the invention, the mixing mass ratio of the solid matters to the leavening agent in the step A2 is preferably 100:1-5.
The invention also provides a method for purifying the 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation broth, which comprises the following steps:
S1, extracting solid matters of 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation liquor, mixing and granulating the solid matters and a leavening agent, and exciting the leavening agent to manufacture pores to obtain a purified intermediate;
S2, performing CO 2 supercritical extraction on the purified intermediate, and adding an organic entrainer during CO 2 supercritical extraction; taking the isolate 1 under the conditions of 8MPa-9MPa and 36-40 ℃ to obtain 7-dehydrocholesterol; taking the separation 2 under the conditions of 6MPa-7MPa and 32-34 ℃ to obtain the organic entrainer containing fat-soluble impurities.
Step S1 can be performed according to the preparation method and parameters of the purified intermediate, and the invention is not repeated. In some embodiments of the present invention, the conditions for supercritical extraction of CO 2 described in step S2 preferably include: the extraction pressure is 15 MPa-25 MPa, the extraction temperature is 40-50 ℃, and the extraction time is 90-180 min; the extraction pressure is more preferably 18MPa to 20MPa. In the present invention, the organic entrainer is used to separate fat-soluble impurities including, but not limited to, one or more of ethanol, methanol, and isopropanol.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The experimental methods, in which specific conditions are not noted in the following examples, are generally conducted under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the manufacturer. All raw materials were analytically pure and purchased from manufacturers such as exploration platform, allatin, sigma-Aldrich, etc. without any indication of the synthetic method.
Example 1
Cooling the 1.7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation liquor to 15 ℃, and centrifuging the fermentation liquor by a centrifuge to collect bacterial precipitate.
2. Pouring the bacterial precipitate into a mixer, adding 5% sodium bicarbonate, mixing for 10min, pouring the bacterial powder into a granulator for granulation, and sieving the granulator with a 40-mesh sieve. And (3) loading the granulated thallus particles into a vacuum drying oven, and drying at 55 ℃ and a vacuum degree of-0.09 MPa to obtain loose porous thallus particles (purified intermediate).
3. The thallus particles are put into a supercritical CO 2 extraction kettle, the extraction pressure is set to be 20MPa, the extraction temperature is 45 ℃, the pressure of separation 1 is 9MPa, the temperature of separation 1 is 40 ℃, the pressure of separation 2 is 6MPa, and the temperature of separation 2 is 34 ℃.
4. CO 2 is pumped into the extraction kettle at a flow rate of 12L/min, and meanwhile, absolute ethyl alcohol is pumped into the extraction kettle at a speed of 1L/h, so that the extraction time is 90min.
The 7-dehydrocholesterol was collected by 1 st separation, and the yield was 98% and the purity was 80%. The collection of separation 2 is absolute ethanol and fat-soluble impurities.
Example 2
Cooling the 1.7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation liquor to 10 ℃, and centrifuging the fermentation liquor by a centrifuge to collect bacterial precipitate.
2. Pouring the bacterial precipitate into a mixer, adding ammonium bicarbonate accounting for 1% of the bacterial precipitate, mixing for 8min, pouring the bacterial powder into a granulator for granulation, and enabling the screen of the granulator to be 60 meshes. And (3) loading the granulated thallus particles into a vacuum drying oven, and drying at 45 ℃ and a vacuum degree of-0.09 MPa to obtain loose porous thallus particles (purified intermediate).
3. The thallus particles are put into a supercritical CO 2 extraction kettle, the extraction pressure is set to be 16MPa, the extraction temperature is 42 ℃, the pressure of separation 1 is 8MPa, the temperature of separation 1 is 36 ℃, the pressure of separation 2 is 6MPa, and the temperature of separation 2 is 34 ℃.
4. CO 2 was pumped into the extraction tank at a flow rate of 15L/min while isopropanol was pumped at a rate of 1L/h for extraction for 120min.
The 7-dehydrocholesterol was collected by 1 st separation, and the yield was 98.8% and the purity was 82%. The collection of separation 2 was isopropanol and fat-soluble impurities.
Example 3
Cooling the 1.7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation liquor to 10 ℃, and centrifuging the fermentation liquor by a centrifuge to collect bacterial precipitate.
2. Pouring the bacterial precipitate into a mixer, adding 5% sodium bicarbonate, mixing for 10min, pouring the bacterial powder into a granulator for granulation, and sieving the granulator with a 40-mesh sieve. Granulating, loading the thallus particles into a vacuum drying oven, and drying at 5 ℃ and vacuum degree of-0.09 MPa to obtain loose porous thallus particles (purified intermediate).
3. Loading the thallus particles into a supercritical CO 2 extraction kettle, wherein the extraction pressure is 20MPa, the extraction temperature is 40 ℃, the pressure of separation 1 is 8MPa, the temperature of separation 1 is 34 ℃, the pressure of separation 2 is 6MPa, the temperature of separation 2 is 32 ℃,
4. CO 2 was pumped into the extraction tank at a flow rate of 12L/min while methanol was pumped at a rate of 1L/h for 180min.
The 7-dehydrocholesterol was collected by 1 isolate in 98.5% yield with a purity of 81%. The collection of separation 2 is methanol and fat-soluble impurities.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A purified intermediate for preparing 7-dehydrocholesterol by a microbial fermentation method, which is characterized in that the purified intermediate is porous particles containing solids in 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation liquid; the diameter of the purified intermediate is 0.25-0.850 mm, and the porosity of the purified intermediate is 1-10 mu m;
The purification intermediate is porous particles prepared according to the following method:
A1, centrifuging or press-filtering the 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation liquor to obtain a solid;
A2, mixing and granulating the solid and the leavening agent to obtain particles with the diameter of 0.25-0.850 mm; the leavening agent is selected from one or more of sodium bicarbonate, calcium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate and potassium bitartrate;
A3, exciting the leavening agent to manufacture pores to obtain porous particles containing solids in the 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation broth.
2. The purified intermediate of claim 1, wherein the activated leavening agent is heated to 45 ℃ to 55 ℃.
3. The purified intermediate of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of solids to leavening agent is 100:1-5.
4. The purified intermediate of claim 1, wherein the solids moisture content is from 30% to 40%.
5. A method for purifying a 7-dehydrocholesterol fermentation broth, comprising the steps of:
subjecting the purified intermediate of any one of claims 1-4 to supercritical CO2 extraction, taking a isolate at a temperature of between 8MPa and 9MPa and between 36 ℃ and 40 ℃ to obtain 7-dehydrocholesterol;
organic entrainer is added during CO2 supercritical extraction.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the conditions for supercritical CO2 extraction include: the extraction pressure is 15 MPa-25 MPa, the extraction temperature is 40-50 ℃, and the extraction time is 90-180 min.
7. The method of claim 5 or 6, wherein the organic entrainer is selected from one or more of ethanol, methanol, and isopropanol.
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