CN115591965B - Cold extrusion method and system for increasing branch pipe drawing height and storage medium - Google Patents
Cold extrusion method and system for increasing branch pipe drawing height and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN115591965B CN115591965B CN202211573944.9A CN202211573944A CN115591965B CN 115591965 B CN115591965 B CN 115591965B CN 202211573944 A CN202211573944 A CN 202211573944A CN 115591965 B CN115591965 B CN 115591965B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
- B21C23/08—Making wire, bars, tubes
- B21C23/085—Making tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C31/00—Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cold extrusion method, a cold extrusion system and a storage medium for increasing the drawing height of a branch pipe, which relate to the technical field of branch pipe forming and manufacturing and comprise the following steps: obtaining the processing size of the branch pipe; preparing an upper die for forming the branch pipe; acquiring branch pipe processing technological parameters, wherein the branch pipe processing technology comprises a plurality of bulging technologies, opening supporting technologies and opening flanging technologies; preparing a plurality of branch pipe forming punches according to branch pipe processing technological parameters and branch pipe internal fillets; forming and processing the branch pipe according to the branch pipe processing technological parameters; detecting branch pipe forming data in real time in the branch pipe forming and processing process; the manifold was heat treated several times. The invention has the advantages that: the intelligent branch pipe machining process is generated according to the actual machining size of the branch pipe, the formed branch pipe is higher in height and uniform in wall thickness, the risk of material scrapping is reduced, the production cost is saved, the product performance is improved, and the reliable operation of the product is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of branch pipe forming and manufacturing, in particular to a cold extrusion method and system for increasing the drawing height of a branch pipe and a storage medium.
Background
The fast reactor is one of the most advanced fourth generation reactors recognized in the world at present, and can convert U238 accounting for 99.3% of natural uranium into Pu239 for generating power. The utilization rate of uranium resources is improved by 50-60 times, the three major problems of exhaustion of uranium ore resources, low utilization rate of nuclear materials, difficulty in treatment of nuclear waste and the like are solved at one step, and the development of the fast neutron breeder reactor has great strategic significance for fully utilizing the uranium resources in China, continuously and stably developing nuclear power, solving the problems of subsequent energy supply and the like.
The sodium-cooled nuclear reactor is a fast neutron breeder reactor with a pool structure, and is provided with a system for generating power by generating steam through heat exchange in a primary loop, a secondary loop and a tertiary loop, and a safe waste heat discharge system, wherein the system can take away nuclear decay heat energy of a reactor core through natural convection heat exchange of sodium and air in order to avoid the occurrence of molten reactor during abnormal shutdown. The safety system mainly comprises an independent heat exchanger in a sodium pool and a sodium-air heat exchanger outside a nuclear island. The sodium-air heat exchanger is a key device of sodium-cooled fast reactor engineering, has great research and development difficulty, and belongs to the first research, development and manufacture in China. The sodium-air heat exchanger mainly comprises a sodium inlet pipe, a sodium outlet pipe, an upper annular current collector, a lower annular current collector, a finned pipe, a flow distributor, an upper current collector supporting structure, a lower current collector supporting structure, a pipe bundle supporting structure, a bottom sodium-connected chassis, an external shell and an inlet/outlet air door. High-temperature liquid metal sodium enters the upper current collector through a sodium inlet pipe, flows downwards to the lower current collector along a vertically arranged annular finned tube bundle after being distributed, and flows out through a sodium outlet pipe on the lower current collector. The upper and lower annular current collectors are key core components of a sodium-air heat exchanger, the nuclear safety is 2 grade, the design temperature is 580 ℃, the design service life is 40 years, the structure of the upper and lower annular current collectors is an annular bent pipe with the diameter of 3100mm, the Outer Diameter (OD) is 650mm, the wall thickness is 20 mm, the material is TP316H austenitic stainless steel, each current collector ring pipe is provided with 720 branch pipes with the diameter of OD38.1mm multiplied by 2.8mm, and the height of each branch pipe is 32mm.
The height of the branch pipe manufactured by the existing branch pipe forming cold extrusion process can only reach the height of one wall thickness generally, and when the branch pipe with the height exceeding one wall thickness is manufactured, cracking and other defects are easy to occur, so that in order to solve the problems, a cold extrusion method for increasing the drawing height of the branch pipe, which can meet the requirement of manufacturing a branch pipe with a large height, is required to be provided so as to manufacture the branch pipe meeting nuclear power requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the cold extrusion method, the cold extrusion system and the storage medium for increasing the drawing height of the branch pipe are provided, and the technical scheme solves the problems that the height of the branch pipe manufactured by the existing branch pipe forming cold extrusion process can only reach the height of one wall thickness generally, and when the branch pipe with the height exceeding one wall thickness is manufactured, the branch pipe is easy to crack and the like, and the branch pipe meeting nuclear power requirements is difficult to manufacture.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a cold extrusion method for increasing the drawing height of a branch pipe comprises the following steps:
obtaining branch pipe machining dimensions, wherein the branch pipe machining dimensions comprise a main pipe material, a main pipe wall thickness, a branch pipe height, a branch pipe diameter, a branch pipe wall thickness, a branch pipe external corner and a branch pipe internal corner;
preparing an upper die for forming the branch pipe according to the material of the main pipe, the wall thickness of the main pipe, the height of the branch pipe, the pipe diameter of the branch pipe, the wall thickness of the branch pipe and the excircle angle of the branch pipe;
calculating branch pipe processing technological parameters according to the material of the main pipe, the wall thickness of the main pipe, the height of the branch pipe, the pipe diameter of the branch pipe and the wall thickness of the branch pipe, and obtaining branch pipe processing technological parameters, wherein the branch pipe processing technology comprises a plurality of bulging technologies, opening supporting technologies and opening flanging technologies;
preparing a plurality of branch pipe forming punches according to branch pipe processing technological parameters and branch pipe internal fillets, wherein the branch pipe forming punches comprise a plurality of bulging punches, opening supporting punches and flanging punches;
sequentially using a plurality of branch pipe forming punches to perform branch pipe forming according to branch pipe processing technological parameters;
detecting branch pipe forming data in real time in the branch pipe forming and processing process, and judging whether the branch pipe forming data are in a forming qualified interval or not;
and carrying out heat treatment on the branch pipe for a plurality of times in the branch pipe forming and processing process according to the branch pipe processing technological parameters.
Preferably, the calculating of branch pipe processing parameters specifically includes:
obtaining elongation data according to the material of the main pipe;
calculating the total processing deformation of the branch pipe according to the wall thickness of the main pipe, the height of the branch pipe, the pipe diameter of the branch pipe and the wall thickness of the branch pipe to obtain the total processing deformation data of the branch pipe;
calculating the times of the bulging process, the deformation of each bulging process and the deformation of the opening supporting process according to the total processing deformation data and the elongation data;
and calculating the height of each bulging process and the height of the opening supporting process according to the deformation of each bulging process and the deformation of the opening supporting process.
Preferably, the calculation of the times of the bulging process, the deformation of each bulging process and the deformation of the opening bracing process is performed according to the following calculation models:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the deformation of the bulging process;
and n is the times of the bulging process.
Preferably, the calculation method of the deformation amount of the bulging process and/or the deformation amount of the opening supporting process comprises the following steps:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the deformation of the bulging process or the deformation of the opening process;
and L1 is the size of the deformation zone after the bulging process or the opening expanding process is carried out.
Preferably, the design method of the bulge punch, the opening expanding punch and the flanging punch comprises the following steps:
acquiring the height of each bulging process, performing simulation analysis on a pipe deformation simulation model of each bulging process according to the height data of each bulging process, and preparing a bulging punch head according to the pipe deformation simulation model of each bulging process;
acquiring the height of a mouth opening technology, and designing and preparing a mouth opening punch head according to the height of the mouth opening technology;
designing and preparing a flanging punch according to the height of the branch pipe, the pipe diameter of the branch pipe and the wall thickness of the branch pipe, so that a deformation section of the branch pipe is positioned in a vertical section of the flanging punch during flanging;
and transition sections of the bulging punch head, the opening supporting punch head and the opening flanging punch head are all matched with the inner circular angle of the branch pipe.
Preferably, real-time detection branch pipe shaping data in branch pipe forming process to judge whether branch pipe shaping data is in the qualified interval of shaping and physically include:
collecting image information of a branch pipe, image information of an upper die and image information of a branch pipe forming punch in real time;
acquiring the wall thickness and the height of the formed branch pipe according to the branch pipe image information, comparing the wall thickness and the height with the wall thickness and the height of the formed branch pipe, judging whether the wall thickness and the height of the formed branch pipe are in a qualified interval, if so, continuing to process the branch pipe, and if not, outputting a forming abnormal signal;
acquiring forming vertex position information of the branch pipe according to the branch pipe image information;
acquiring the position information of the forming die cavity of the upper die according to the image information of the upper die;
acquiring position information of the branch pipe forming punch according to the image information of the branch pipe forming punch;
and judging whether the forming die cavity of the upper die, the forming vertex of the branch pipe and the branch pipe forming punch head are in coaxial positions or not according to the forming vertex position information of the branch pipe, the forming die cavity position information and the position information of the branch pipe forming punch head, if so, outputting a positioning qualified signal, otherwise, outputting a positioning unqualified signal, and adjusting the position.
Preferably, the heat treatment of the branch pipe for several times specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring the stress relief annealing temperature corresponding to the material of the main pipe according to the material of the main pipe;
and (3) slowly heating the pipe subjected to the bulging process or the opening expanding process to the stress relief annealing temperature, preserving the heat for a period of time, and slowly cooling to room temperature.
Further, a cold extrusion system for increasing the drawing height of the branch pipe is provided, which is used for realizing the cold extrusion method for increasing the drawing height of the branch pipe, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the main control device is used for calculating branch pipe processing technological parameters and outputting control signals to each component according to the branch pipe processing technological parameters to carry out branch pipe processing;
the stamping device is electrically connected with the main control device and is used for outputting stamping power to the branch pipe forming punch;
the branch pipe image acquisition device is electrically connected with the main control device and is used for acquiring branch pipe image information in real time;
the branch pipe structure judging device is electrically connected with the main control device and used for acquiring the wall thickness and the height of a formed branch pipe according to the image information of the branch pipe, comparing the wall thickness and the height with the wall thickness and the height of the formed branch pipe, and judging whether the wall thickness and the height are in a qualified interval or not;
the branch pipe vertex recognition device is electrically connected with the main control device and is used for acquiring forming vertex position information of the branch pipe according to the branch pipe image information;
the upper die image acquisition device is electrically connected with the main control device and is used for acquiring image information of the upper die in real time;
the upper die position recognition device is electrically connected with the main control device and is used for acquiring the position information of the forming die cavity of the upper die according to the image information of the upper die;
the punch image acquisition device is electrically connected with the main control device and is used for acquiring image information of the branch pipe forming punch in real time;
the punch deviation identification device is electrically connected with the main control device and used for acquiring the position information of the branch pipe forming punch according to the image information of the branch pipe forming punch.
Further, a storage medium is proposed, on which a computer program is stored, which computer program is called to execute the cold extrusion method of increasing the drawing height of a branch pipe as described above when executed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method for preparing a branch pipe with a height exceeding one wall thickness by cold extrusion, which comprises the steps of generating an intelligent branch pipe processing process according to the actual processing size of the branch pipe, drawing up a deformation area of a pipe by adopting a multi-pass bulging process, reducing the deformation amount of the branch pipe deformation each time, ensuring that the deformation amount of the branch pipe deformation each time is less than the elongation rate of a material, and avoiding cracking in the material forming process, thereby realizing the purposes of higher height of the formed branch pipe and uniform wall thickness of the branch pipe, reducing the risk of material scrapping, saving the production cost, improving the product performance, ensuring the reliable operation of the product, and effectively manufacturing the branch pipe meeting the nuclear power requirement;
the invention provides a calculation model aiming at the times of branch pipe bulging process with height exceeding one wall thickness, the deformation of each bulging process and the deformation of a port opening process, and the model can quickly and accurately acquire the forming process parameter data meeting the current branch pipe processing, thereby greatly improving the forming efficiency of the branch pipe processing;
the invention can reasonably monitor and inspect the branch pipe forming process by monitoring the branch pipe forming process in real time, and the branch pipes which do not meet the quality standard can not be produced in batch, thereby avoiding great loss.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a cold extrusion system for increasing the drawing height of a branch pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a manifold according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cold extrusion process for increasing the drawing height of a branch pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of steps S100-S700 of a cold extrusion method for increasing the drawing height of a branch pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of steps S301-S304 of the cold extrusion method for increasing the drawing height of the branch pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of steps S601-S606 of the cold extrusion method for increasing the drawing height of the branch pipe according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description is provided to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, a cold extrusion system for increasing the drawing height of a branch pipe includes:
the main control device is used for calculating branch pipe processing technological parameters and outputting control signals to each component according to the branch pipe processing technological parameters to carry out branch pipe processing;
the stamping device is electrically connected with the main control device and used for outputting stamping power to the branch pipe forming punch;
the branch pipe image acquisition device is electrically connected with the main control device and is used for acquiring branch pipe image information in real time;
the branch pipe structure judging device is electrically connected with the main control device and used for acquiring the wall thickness and the height of a formed branch pipe according to the branch pipe image information, comparing the wall thickness and the height with the wall thickness and the height of the formed branch pipe, and judging whether the wall thickness and the height are in a qualified interval or not;
the branch pipe vertex recognition device is electrically connected with the main control device and is used for acquiring forming vertex position information of the branch pipe according to the branch pipe image information;
the upper die image acquisition device is electrically connected with the main control device and is used for acquiring image information of the upper die in real time;
the upper die position recognition device is electrically connected with the main control device and is used for acquiring the molding die cavity position information of the upper die according to the image information of the upper die;
the punch image acquisition device is electrically connected with the main control device and is used for acquiring image information of the branch pipe forming punch in real time;
the punch deviation identification device is electrically connected with the main control device and used for acquiring the position information of the branch pipe forming punch according to the image information of the branch pipe forming punch.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2-3, the working process of the cold extrusion system for increasing the branch drawing height includes:
the method comprises the following steps: inputting branch pipe machining sizes such as a main pipe material, a main pipe wall thickness, a branch pipe height H, a branch pipe diameter, a branch pipe wall thickness, a branch pipe excircle angle R1 and a branch pipe inner angle R2 to a main control device, analyzing the branch pipe machining sizes by the main control device through built-in 3D simulation analysis software, calculating a branch pipe outer wall transition section inclination angle theta, and generating branch pipe machining process parameters;
step two: designing the size structure of the upper die and the punch for forming the branch pipe according to the branch pipe machining size and the branch pipe machining technological parameters;
step three: installing a branch pipe forming punch of the current processing procedure on a punching device, acquiring branch pipe image information, upper die image information and branch pipe forming punch image information in real time through a branch pipe image acquisition device, an upper die image acquisition device and a punch image acquisition device, and determining and positioning a forming position through a branch pipe vertex recognition device, an upper die position recognition device and a punch offset recognition device;
step four: after the forming position is determined to be qualified in positioning, the main control device sends a starting signal to the stamping device, and the stamping device drives the branch pipe forming punch to perform forming processing of the current procedure;
step five: performing a stress relief annealing process on the branch pipe which completes the process;
step six: and replacing the branch pipe forming punch of the next procedure, and repeating the third step, the fourth step and the fifth step until the branch pipe drawing processing is completed.
Referring to fig. 4, to further illustrate the present invention, a cold extrusion method for increasing the drawing height of a branch pipe is provided, which comprises the following steps:
s100, obtaining branch pipe machining dimensions, wherein the branch pipe machining dimensions comprise a main pipe material, a main pipe wall thickness, a branch pipe height, a branch pipe diameter, a branch pipe wall thickness, a branch pipe external corner and a branch pipe internal corner;
s200, preparing an upper die for forming the branch pipe according to the material of the main pipe, the wall thickness of the main pipe, the height of the branch pipe, the pipe diameter of the branch pipe, the wall thickness of the branch pipe and the excircle angle of the branch pipe;
s300, calculating branch pipe machining process parameters according to the material of the main pipe, the wall thickness of the main pipe, the height of the branch pipe, the pipe diameter of the branch pipe and the wall thickness of the branch pipe, and acquiring branch pipe machining process parameters, wherein the branch pipe machining process comprises a plurality of bulging processes, opening supporting processes and opening flanging processes;
s400, preparing a plurality of branch pipe forming punch heads according to branch pipe processing technological parameters and branch pipe internal corners, wherein the branch pipe forming punch heads comprise a plurality of bulging punch heads, opening supporting punch heads and flanging punch heads;
s500, sequentially using a plurality of branch pipe forming punches to form and process the branch pipes according to the branch pipe processing technological parameters;
s600, detecting branch pipe forming data in real time in the branch pipe forming and processing process, and judging whether the branch pipe forming data are in a forming qualified interval or not;
s700, carrying out heat treatment on the branch pipe for a plurality of times in the branch pipe forming and machining process according to branch pipe machining technological parameters, wherein the heat treatment step specifically comprises the following steps: and acquiring the stress relief annealing temperature corresponding to the main pipe material according to the main pipe material, slowly heating the pipe subjected to the bulging process or the opening expanding process to the stress relief annealing temperature, preserving the heat for a period of time, and slowly cooling to room temperature.
The intelligent branch pipe machining process is carried out according to the actual machining size of the branch pipe, the deformation area of the pipe is pulled up by adopting the multi-pass bulging process, the deformation amount of the branch pipe deformation is reduced each time, the deformation amount of the branch pipe deformation is ensured to be smaller than the elongation of the material each time, and the material is prevented from cracking in the forming process, so that the formed branch pipe is higher in height, the wall thickness of the branch pipe is uniform, the risk of material scrapping is reduced, the production cost is saved, the product performance is improved, the reliable operation of the product is guaranteed, and the branch pipe meeting the nuclear power requirement can be effectively manufactured.
Specifically, please refer to fig. 5, wherein the calculation of the branch pipe processing parameters specifically includes the following steps:
s301, obtaining elongation data according to the material of the main pipe;
s302, calculating the total processing deformation of the branch pipe according to the wall thickness of the main pipe, the height of the branch pipe, the pipe diameter of the branch pipe and the wall thickness of the branch pipe to obtain the data of the total processing deformation of the branch pipe;
s303, calculating the times of the bulging process, the deformation of each bulging process and the deformation of the opening supporting process according to the total processing deformation data and the elongation data;
s304, calculating the height of each bulging process and the height of each opening supporting process according to the deformation of each bulging process and the deformation of each opening supporting process;
the calculation of the times of the bulging process, the deformation of each bulging process and the deformation of the opening supporting process meets the following model:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the deformation of the bulging process;
and n is the times of the bulging process.
The method for calculating the deformation of the bulging process and/or the deformation of the opening supporting process comprises the following steps:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the deformation of the bulging process or the deformation of the opening process;
l1 is the size of the deformation zone after the bulging process or the opening process.
Through the calculation of the model, the deformation of the branch pipe is ensured to be less than the elongation of the material every time, and the cracking of the material in the forming process is avoided;
it can be understood that, for the calculation of the deformation amount of the bulging process, because the corresponding processing internal stress is generated after each bulging processing, although the stress relief annealing is performed after each process, the internal stress in the deformation area cannot be completely eliminated, and therefore, as the processing performance of the pipe is reduced, the deformation amount of the bulging process is also reduced along with the reduction of the processing performance of the pipe;
the mouth supporting process needs to eject out the mouth of the branch pipe in a deformation area of the pipe, so that the deformation of the mouth supporting process is larger than the elongation of the pipe, and a mouth supporting structure is formed;
on the basis of meeting the calculation model, the lower the times of the bulging process, the higher the processing efficiency of the branch pipe, and the generation of the optimal forming process parameters aiming at the branch pipe can be realized by meeting the optimal solution of the model.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, detecting the branch pipe forming data in real time during the branch pipe forming process, and determining whether the branch pipe forming data is in the forming qualified interval specifically includes:
s601, collecting image information of a branch pipe, image information of an upper die and image information of a branch pipe forming punch in real time;
s602, acquiring the wall thickness and the height of the formed branch pipe according to the branch pipe image information, comparing the wall thickness and the height with the standard wall thickness and the height of the formed branch pipe, judging whether the wall thickness and the height of the formed branch pipe are in a qualified interval, if so, continuing to process the branch pipe, and if not, outputting a forming abnormal signal;
s603, acquiring forming vertex position information of the branch pipe according to the branch pipe image information;
s604, obtaining the position information of the forming die cavity of the upper die according to the image information of the upper die;
s605, acquiring position information of the branch pipe forming punch according to the image information of the branch pipe forming punch;
s606, judging whether the forming die cavity of the upper die, the forming vertex of the branch pipe and the branch pipe forming punch head are in coaxial positions or not according to the forming vertex position information of the branch pipe, the forming die cavity position information and the position information of the branch pipe forming punch head, if so, outputting a positioning qualified signal, otherwise, outputting a positioning unqualified signal, and adjusting the position.
The branch pipe forming process is monitored in real time, so that reasonable monitoring and inspection can be performed in the branch pipe forming process, the branch pipes which do not meet the quality standard cannot be produced in batches, and a large amount of loss is avoided;
meanwhile, the forming die cavity of the upper die, the forming vertex of the branch pipe and the branch pipe forming punch are positioned before each machining process, so that the forming punching positions at each time are the same, and the forming quality of the branch pipe is guaranteed.
Further, the present invention also provides a storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, the computer program being called to execute the cold extrusion method for increasing the drawing height of the branch pipe as described above when the computer program is executed.
It is understood that the storage medium may be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape; optical media such as DVD; or semiconductor media such as solid state disk SolidStateDisk, SSD, etc.
In summary, the invention has the advantages that: the intelligent branch pipe machining process is generated according to the actual machining size of the branch pipe, the formed branch pipe is higher in height and uniform in wall thickness, the risk of material scrapping is reduced, the production cost is saved, the product performance is improved, and the reliable operation of the product is guaranteed.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, principal features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. A cold extrusion method for increasing the drawing height of a branch pipe is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining branch pipe machining dimensions, wherein the branch pipe machining dimensions comprise a main pipe material, a main pipe wall thickness, a branch pipe height, a branch pipe diameter, a branch pipe wall thickness, a branch pipe external corner and a branch pipe internal corner;
preparing an upper die for forming the branch pipe according to the material of the main pipe, the wall thickness of the main pipe, the height of the branch pipe, the pipe diameter of the branch pipe, the wall thickness of the branch pipe and the excircle angle of the branch pipe;
calculating branch pipe machining process parameters according to the material of the main pipe, the wall thickness of the main pipe, the height of the branch pipe, the pipe diameter of the branch pipe and the wall thickness of the branch pipe, and acquiring branch pipe machining process parameters, wherein the branch pipe machining process comprises a plurality of bulging processes, opening supporting processes and opening flanging processes;
preparing a plurality of branch pipe forming punches according to branch pipe processing technological parameters and branch pipe internal fillets, wherein the branch pipe forming punches comprise a plurality of bulging punches, opening supporting punches and flanging punches;
sequentially using a plurality of branch pipe forming punches to perform branch pipe forming according to branch pipe processing technological parameters;
detecting branch pipe forming data in real time in the branch pipe forming and processing process, and judging whether the branch pipe forming data are in a forming qualified interval or not;
carrying out heat treatment on the branch pipe for a plurality of times in the branch pipe forming and processing process according to branch pipe processing technological parameters;
wherein, real-time detection branch pipe shaping data in branch pipe shaping course of working to judge whether branch pipe shaping data is in the qualified interval of shaping and specifically include:
collecting image information of a branch pipe, image information of an upper die and image information of a branch pipe forming punch in real time;
acquiring the wall thickness and the height of the formed branch pipe according to the branch pipe image information, comparing the wall thickness and the height with the wall thickness and the height of the formed branch pipe, judging whether the wall thickness and the height of the formed branch pipe are in a qualified interval, if so, continuing to process the branch pipe, and if not, outputting a forming abnormal signal;
acquiring forming vertex position information of the branch pipe according to the branch pipe image information;
acquiring the position information of a forming die cavity of the upper die according to the image information of the upper die;
acquiring position information of the branch pipe forming punch according to the image information of the branch pipe forming punch;
and judging whether the forming die cavity of the upper die, the forming vertex of the branch pipe and the branch pipe forming punch are in coaxial positions or not according to the forming vertex position information of the branch pipe, the forming die cavity position information of the branch pipe and the position information of the branch pipe forming punch, if so, outputting a qualified positioning signal, otherwise, outputting an unqualified positioning signal, and adjusting the position.
2. A cold extrusion method for increasing the drawing height of a branch pipe according to claim 1, wherein the calculation of branch pipe processing parameters specifically comprises:
acquiring elongation data according to the material of the main pipe;
calculating the total processing deformation of the branch pipe according to the wall thickness of the main pipe, the height of the branch pipe, the pipe diameter of the branch pipe and the wall thickness of the branch pipe to obtain the data of the total processing deformation of the branch pipe;
calculating the times of the bulging process, the deformation of each bulging process and the deformation of the opening supporting process according to the total processing deformation data and the elongation data;
and calculating the height of each bulging process and the height of the opening process according to the deformation of each bulging process and the deformation of the opening process.
3. A cold extrusion method for increasing the drawing height of a branch pipe according to claim 2, wherein the calculation of the times of bulging process, the deformation of each bulging process and the deformation of the mouth-opening process is performed according to the following calculation models:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the deformation of the bulging process;
and n is the swelling process times.
4. A cold extrusion method for increasing the drawing height of a branch pipe according to claim 3, wherein the deformation amount of the bulging process and/or the deformation amount of the opening supporting process are calculated by the following steps:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the deformation of the bulging process or the deformation of the opening process;
and L1 is the size of the deformation zone after the bulging process or the opening expanding process is carried out.
5. A cold extrusion method for increasing the drawing height of a branch pipe according to claim 4, wherein the design method of the bulging punch, the opening expanding punch and the flanging punch comprises the following steps:
acquiring the height of each bulging process, performing simulation analysis on a pipe deformation simulation model of each bulging process according to the height data of each bulging process, and preparing a bulging punch head according to the pipe deformation simulation model of each bulging process;
acquiring the height of the opening expanding process, and designing and preparing an opening expanding punch according to the height of the opening expanding process;
designing and preparing a flanging punch according to the height of the branch pipe, the pipe diameter of the branch pipe and the wall thickness of the branch pipe, so that the deformation section of the branch pipe is positioned in the vertical section of the flanging punch during flanging;
and transition sections of the bulging punch head, the opening supporting punch head and the opening flanging punch head are all matched with the inner circular angle of the branch pipe.
6. A cold extrusion method for increasing the drawing height of a branch pipe according to claim 5, wherein the heat treatment of the branch pipe for a plurality of times specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring the stress relief annealing temperature corresponding to the material of the main pipe according to the material of the main pipe;
and slowly heating the tube subjected to the bulging process or the opening expanding process to the stress relief annealing temperature, preserving the heat for a period of time, and slowly cooling to room temperature.
7. A cold extrusion system for increasing branch drawing height, for implementing a cold extrusion method for increasing branch drawing height according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising:
the main control device is used for calculating branch pipe processing technological parameters and outputting control signals to each component according to the branch pipe processing technological parameters to carry out branch pipe processing;
the stamping device is electrically connected with the main control device and is used for outputting stamping power to the branch pipe forming punch;
the branch pipe image acquisition device is electrically connected with the main control device and is used for acquiring branch pipe image information in real time;
the branch pipe structure judging device is electrically connected with the main control device and used for acquiring the wall thickness and the height of a formed branch pipe according to the image information of the branch pipe, comparing the wall thickness and the height with the wall thickness and the height of the formed branch pipe, and judging whether the wall thickness and the height are in a qualified interval or not;
the branch pipe vertex recognition device is electrically connected with the main control device and is used for acquiring forming vertex position information of the branch pipe according to the branch pipe image information;
the upper die image acquisition device is electrically connected with the main control device and is used for acquiring image information of the upper die in real time;
the upper die position recognition device is electrically connected with the main control device and is used for acquiring the position information of the forming die cavity of the upper die according to the image information of the upper die;
the punch image acquisition device is electrically connected with the main control device and is used for acquiring image information of the branch pipe forming punch in real time;
the punch deviation identification device is electrically connected with the main control device and used for acquiring the position information of the branch pipe forming punch according to the image information of the branch pipe forming punch.
8. A storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the computer program is invoked and run to perform a cold extrusion method for increasing tap height according to any one of claims 1-6.
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