CN115585978B - Test device for two-degree-of-freedom motion of transonic wind tunnel - Google Patents
Test device for two-degree-of-freedom motion of transonic wind tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN115585978B CN115585978B CN202211576529.9A CN202211576529A CN115585978B CN 115585978 B CN115585978 B CN 115585978B CN 202211576529 A CN202211576529 A CN 202211576529A CN 115585978 B CN115585978 B CN 115585978B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/02—Wind tunnels
- G01M9/04—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
The invention relates to a test device for double-degree-of-freedom motion of a transonic wind tunnel, and belongs to the technical field of special tests of wind tunnels. The problem of test failure caused by the fact that a model is easily disturbed by turbulence in a wind tunnel test is solved. The electromagnetic brake comprises a connecting plate, a T-shaped rotating shaft, an ultrathin brake, an electromagnetic brake, a first bearing, a fairing and a second bearing, wherein a cross beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft is connected with the connecting plate through the first bearing, the cross beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft is connected with the ultrathin brake, a vertical beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft penetrates through a through hole in the connecting plate, the vertical beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft is connected with the fairing through the second bearing, and the vertical beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft is connected with the electromagnetic brake. According to the invention, when uneven impact load is generated by instant incoming flow, the degree of freedom is locked, the model is kept in an initial state, and the degree of freedom is released after the airflow is stable, so that a guarantee is provided for the test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a test device for wind tunnel movement, and belongs to the technical field of wind tunnel special tests.
Background
In some advanced layout aircrafts, under the conditions of transonic speed and small attack angle, transverse dynamic instability motion is easy to occur in asymmetric separation of left and right wings, non-instruction rolling is caused, meanwhile, the lack of course stability can cause transverse course motion coupling, and in order to research the phenomenon and evaluate the severity degree of dynamic instability motion, free motion tests are often adopted for verification. For example, the disclosure number is CN107449581a, the invention provides a freedom degree releasing device named as a wind tunnel free flight experiment, which can be used for releasing the freedom degree of a model in a wind tunnel experiment, but the freedom degree releasing device needs to be arranged in the wind tunnel before the wind tunnel experiment, and during the experiment, the entering airflow is disturbed and needs a period of time to form stable airflow, so that the impact load generated by instant incoming flow is large and uneven just right at the beginning, and the aerodynamic force received by one part of the model is large and the aerodynamic force received by the other part is small, and by combining the structure of the model, more uncertainty exists, the model is easy to rotate excessively, even if the airflow is stable, the posture of the model cannot be corrected, and the experiment fails.
The method combines the size and airflow speed of the common wind tunnel, and has the following technical difficulties:
1. the caliber of the existing main force high-speed wind tunnel is about 1.2 meters, the size of a test model is limited by the size of the wind tunnel, and the structural size of the whole test device is limited by the internal space of the model, the degree of blockage, pneumatic interference and the like, so that the structural size of the test device becomes the most critical factor under the condition that the test device meets the locking torque and the rigidity strength required by the motion of the model.
2. Aiming at the sub-span wind tunnel test with the Mach number of 0.4 to 1.2, the test device is required to be capable of locking and releasing within a certain specific time in the test, the model attitude angles of the model in the rolling and yawing directions can be fed back, the locking torque borne by the test device is multiplied along with the increase of the angles in the rolling and yawing directions, and higher requirements are provided for mechanical structures and equipment sizes.
3. The two degrees of freedom of motion cannot interfere with each other.
Based on the above problems, it is desirable to provide a test apparatus for transonic wind tunnel two-degree-of-freedom motion, so as to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a test device for transonic wind tunnel two-degree-of-freedom motion, which solves the problem that a model is easily disturbed by turbulence during a wind tunnel test to cause test failure. The following presents a simplified summary of the invention in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the invention. It is not intended to determine the key or important part of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a test device for transonic wind tunnel two-degree-of-freedom motion comprises a connecting plate, a T-shaped rotating shaft, an ultrathin brake, an electromagnetic brake, a first bearing, a fairing and a second bearing, wherein a cross beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft is connected with the connecting plate through the first bearing, the cross beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft is connected with the ultrathin brake, a vertical beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft penetrates through a through hole in the connecting plate, the vertical beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft is connected with the fairing through the second bearing, and the vertical beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft is connected with the electromagnetic brake.
Preferably: the utility model provides a test device for two degree of freedom motions of transonic wind tunnel still includes rotor wheel hub, the harmonic reduction gear, first potentiometer, the potentiometer base, the potentiometer safety cover, fixing base and second potentiometer, "the crossbeam both sides of T" type pivot are provided with symmetrical arrangement's first bearing, "the crossbeam both ends of T" type pivot are provided with the harmonic reduction gear, the harmonic reduction gear passes through rotor wheel hub and is connected with ultra-thin stopper, first potentiometer sets up the leeward side at the connecting plate, the lower part of radome fairing is passed through the potentiometer base and is connected with the second potentiometer, the second potentiometer outside is provided with the potentiometer safety cover, and the potentiometer safety cover is connected with the potentiometer base, the second potentiometer erects the roof beam with "T" type pivot and is connected, the leeward side and the fixing base of radome fairing are connected.
Preferably: the test device for the two-degree-of-freedom motion of the transonic wind tunnel further comprises a yaw limiting block, wherein a stop block is arranged on a vertical beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft and fixedly connected with a connecting plate, and the yaw limiting block is arranged corresponding to the stop block and used for limiting the yaw angle of the T-shaped rotating shaft to be +/-20 degrees; the through hole of the connecting plate is oval and used for limiting the rolling angle of the T-shaped rotating shaft to be +/-30 degrees.
Preferably: the rotating shaft is internally provided with a cavity, the fixing seat is provided with a cavity forming an angle of 40 degrees, and the rotating shaft is internally provided with a cavity communicated with the cavity forming the angle of 40 degrees of the fixing seat.
Preferably: the test device for the two-degree-of-freedom motion of the transonic wind tunnel further comprises a limiting sleeve, a round nut and a stop washer, wherein two second bearings are arranged on a vertical beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft, the limiting sleeve is arranged between the two second bearings, and the stop washer is arranged on the side face of the second bearing through the round nut.
Preferably: the windward side of the fairing has a sharp corner.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, when uneven impact load is generated by instant incoming flow, the degree of freedom is locked, the model is kept in an initial state, the degree of freedom is released after the airflow is stable, the test is guaranteed, if the situation of excessive deflection occurs, the posture can be corrected, the work of assembling, adjusting and the like is not required to be carried out again, and the test accuracy and the test efficiency are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a test rig for two degrees of freedom motion in a transonic wind tunnel;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a test device for two-degree-of-freedom motion of a transonic wind tunnel;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a test rig for two degrees of freedom motion in a transonic wind tunnel;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a test rig for two degrees of freedom motion in a transonic wind tunnel;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the use state of a test device for two-degree-of-freedom motion of a transonic wind tunnel.
In the figure: 1-connecting plate, 2- 'T' -shaped rotating shaft, 3-ultrathin brake, 4-electromagnetic brake, 5-rotor hub, 6-harmonic reducer, 7-first bearing, 8-first potentiometer, 9-potentiometer base, 10-potentiometer protective cover, 11-cross beam cover plate, 12-limiting sleeve, 13-round nut, 14-stop washer, 15-yaw limiting block, 16-fairing, 17-fixing seat, 18-second potentiometer, 19-second bearing, 20-stop block, 21-rolling direction and 22-yawing direction.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent, the invention will be described by way of example only, and in connection with the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that such description is merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
The connection mentioned in the invention is divided into fixed connection and detachable connection, the fixed connection is non-detachable connection and includes but is not limited to folding edge connection, rivet connection, bonding connection, welding connection and other conventional fixed connection modes, the detachable connection includes but is not limited to threaded connection, snap connection, pin connection, hinge connection and other conventional detachment modes, when the specific connection mode is not clearly limited, at least one connection mode can be found in the existing connection modes by default to realize the function, and the skilled person can select according to the needs. For example: the fixed connection selects welded connection, and the detachable connection selects hinged connection.
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, and the test device for two-degree-of-freedom motion of a transonic wind tunnel of the embodiment includes a connecting plate 1, a "T" -shaped rotating shaft 2, an ultrathin brake 3, an electromagnetic brake 4, a first bearing 7, a fairing 16 and a second bearing 19, wherein the "T" -shaped rotating shaft 2 has a vertically arranged cross beam and a vertical beam, the vertical beam is connected with the middle of the cross beam, the cross beam of the "T" -shaped rotating shaft 2 is connected with the connecting plate 1 through the first bearing 7, the cross beam of the "T" -shaped rotating shaft 2 is connected with the ultrathin brake 3, a shell of the ultrathin brake 3 is fixed on two sides of the connecting plate 1 through screws, the vertical beam of the "T" -shaped rotating shaft 2 passes through a through hole on the connecting plate 1, the vertical beam of the "T" -shaped rotating shaft 2 is connected with the fairing 16 through the second bearing 19, the vertical beam of the "T" -shaped rotating shaft 2 is connected with the electromagnetic brake 4, and the shell of the electromagnetic brake 4 is connected and fixedly connected with the fairing 16; based on the fact that a wind tunnel model is small in size, a testing device is installed in a model cavity, on the premise that the required rated torque of a test is met, the wind tunnel model is compact in structure and small in size, the maximum design locking torque capable of being borne by rolling motion is 18Nm, the maximum design locking torque capable of being borne by yawing motion is 45Nm, the axis of a T-shaped rotating shaft 2 is overlapped with the center of gravity of the model, the size of a cross beam can be limited within 190mm (long) 50mm (wide) and 48mm (high), in order to improve the locking torque, a group of braking devices are arranged in front of and behind the center of gravity of the model, therefore, the total length limit of a single-side harmonic reducer and a brake for controlling the rolling motion is about 58mm, the limiting diameter is about 42mm, and the strength and the volume structure meet the requirements of structural design; when uneven impact load is generated by instant incoming flow, the degree of freedom is locked, the model is kept in an initial state, the degree of freedom is released after the airflow is stable, a guarantee is provided for the test, and if the situation of excessive deflection occurs, the posture can be corrected without the work of re-assembling, adjusting and the like.
A test device for transonic wind tunnel two-degree-of-freedom motion further comprises a rotor hub 5, a harmonic reducer 6, a first potentiometer 8, a potentiometer base 9, a potentiometer protection cover 10, a fixed seat 17 and a second potentiometer 18, first bearings 7 symmetrically arranged are arranged on two sides of a cross beam of a T-shaped rotating shaft 2, the limitation of the first bearings 7 is realized by utilizing cross beam steps, the first bearings 7 are arranged in clamping grooves of a connecting plate 1 to realize the limitation and fixation of an outer ring of the first bearings 7, the harmonic reducer 6 is arranged at two ends of the cross beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft 2, the harmonic reducer 6 is connected with the cross beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft 2 in a D-shaped shaft/hole matching mode, the test device is reliable in installation and does not need to be singly matched with keys, the harmonic reducer 6 is connected with an ultrathin brake 3 through the rotor hub 5 to realize the locking and releasing functions of the test device, the first potentiometer 8 is arranged on a leeward side of the connecting plate 1, the first potentiometer 8 is connected with the ultrathin brake 3 through the D-shaped shaft/hole matching mode, the connecting plate is used for monitoring the rolling angle value of a model rolling direction 21 in the test device in the monitoring process, the yaw direction of the rolling model, the connecting plate 1, the second potentiometer is connected with a second potentiometer mounting groove 18, the second potentiometer mounting groove 18 and is arranged in the connecting plate 18, the second potentiometer mounting groove, the connecting plate 18 and is connected with the potentiometer mounting groove, the second potentiometer 18, the potentiometer mounting groove, the potentiometer is conveniently connected with the second potentiometer mounting groove, the second potentiometer 18, the leeward side of the cowling 16 is connected to the fixing base 17.
The test device for the two-degree-of-freedom motion of the transonic wind tunnel further comprises a yaw limiting block 15, wherein a stop block 20 is arranged on a vertical beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft 2, the yaw limiting block 15 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 1, and the yaw limiting block 15 and the stop block 20 are correspondingly arranged and used for limiting the yaw angle of the T-shaped rotating shaft 2 to be +/-20 degrees; the through hole of the connecting plate 1 is oval, and is used for limiting the roll angle of the T-shaped rotating shaft 2 to be +/-30 degrees, preventing excessive deflection and improving the test efficiency.
The inner part of the rotating shaft 2 is provided with a cavity, the fixed seat 17 is provided with a cavity forming an angle of 40 degrees, the inner part of the rotating shaft 2 is provided with a cavity communicated with the cavity forming an angle of 40 degrees of the fixed seat 17, the circuits of the ultrathin brake 3 and the first potentiometer 8 enter the cavity of the T-shaped rotating shaft 2 along the wiring groove on the cross beam cover plate 11 and are led out through the cavity forming an angle of 40 degrees of the fixed seat 17, namely, the installation of a cross beam assembly is completed, the circuits of the electromagnetic brake 4 and the second potentiometer 18 are led out through the cavity forming an angle of 40 degrees of the fixed seat 17 and are led out of the wind tunnel through the ventral bracing mechanism, under the condition that the degree of freedom is not influenced, the circuits are hidden, the influence on the air flow is prevented, meanwhile, the scraping is avoided, and the success rate and the accuracy of the test are improved.
The test device for the two-degree-of-freedom motion of the transonic wind tunnel further comprises a limiting sleeve 12, a round nut 13 and a stop washer 14, wherein two second bearings 19 are arranged on a vertical beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft 2, the limiting sleeve 12 is arranged between the two second bearings 19, and the stop washer 14 is arranged on the side face of the second bearing 19 through the round nut 13.
The windward side of the fairing 16 is provided with a sharp corner, so that the interference to airflow is reduced; in the wind tunnel test preparation stage, the device is fixed on the wind tunnel internal abdomen bracing mechanism through the fixing seat, and finally the aircraft model is connected with the device, so that the model and the horizontal reference are in a 0-degree state, the final installation can be completed in the experimental process, the control of the rolling and yawing directions is gradually released, and the single-degree-of-freedom rolling/yawing motion or the double-degree-of-freedom coupling motion can be realized.
It should be noted that, in the above embodiments, as long as the technical solutions can be aligned and combined without contradiction, those skilled in the art can exhaust all possibilities according to the mathematical knowledge of the alignment and combination, and therefore, the present invention does not describe the technical solutions after alignment and combination one by one, but it should be understood that the technical solutions after alignment and combination have been disclosed by the present invention.
The present embodiments are merely exemplary and do not limit the scope of the patent, and those skilled in the art can make modifications to the parts thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the patent.
Claims (6)
1. A test device for two-degree-of-freedom motion of a transonic wind tunnel is characterized in that: the brake device comprises a connecting plate (1), a T-shaped rotating shaft (2), an ultrathin brake (3), an electromagnetic brake (4), a first bearing (7), a fairing (16) and a second bearing (19), wherein a cross beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft (2) is connected with the connecting plate (1) through the first bearing (7), the cross beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft (2) is connected with the ultrathin brake (3), a vertical beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft (2) penetrates through a through hole in the connecting plate (1), a vertical beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft (2) is connected with the fairing (16) through the second bearing (19), and a vertical beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft (2) is connected with the electromagnetic brake (4);
the first potentiometer (8) is connected with the ultrathin brake (3) in a matched mode through a D-shaped shaft/hole and used for monitoring the numerical value of the rolling angle of the model in the rolling direction (21) in the test process; the second potentiometer (18) is connected with a vertical beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft (2) in a D-shaped shaft/hole matching mode and used for monitoring the numerical value of the yaw angle of the model in the yaw direction (22) in the test process.
2. The test device for two-degree-of-freedom motion of the transonic wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the utility model provides a test device for two degree of freedom motions of transonic wind tunnel still includes rotor wheel hub (5), harmonic reducer (6), potentiometer base (9), potentiometer safety cover (10) and fixing base (17), "T" type pivot (2) the crossbeam both sides are provided with symmetrical arrangement's first bearing (7), "T" type pivot (2) the crossbeam both ends are provided with harmonic reducer (6), harmonic reducer (6) are connected with ultra-thin stopper (3) through rotor wheel hub (5), first potentiometer (8) set up the leeward side at connecting plate (1), the lower part of radome fairing (16) is connected with second potentiometer (18) through potentiometer base (9), second potentiometer (18) outside is provided with potentiometer safety cover (10), and potentiometer safety cover (10) are connected with potentiometer base (9), the leeward side of radome fairing (16) is connected with fixing base (17).
3. The test device for two-degree-of-freedom motion of the transonic wind tunnel according to claim 2, wherein: the test device for the two-degree-of-freedom motion of the transonic wind tunnel further comprises a yaw limiting block (15), a stop block (20) is arranged on a vertical beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft (2), the yaw limiting block (15) is fixedly connected with the connecting plate (1), the yaw limiting block (15) and the stop block (20) are correspondingly arranged and used for limiting the yaw angle of the T-shaped rotating shaft (2) to be +/-20 degrees; the through hole of the connecting plate (1) is oval and is used for limiting the rolling angle of the T-shaped rotating shaft (2) to be +/-30 degrees.
4. The test device for the two-degree-of-freedom motion of the transonic wind tunnel according to claim 3, wherein: the rotating shaft (2) is internally provided with a cavity, the fixed seat (17) is provided with a cavity forming an angle of 40 degrees, and the rotating shaft (2) is internally provided with a cavity communicated with the cavity forming the angle of 40 degrees of the fixed seat (17).
5. The test device for the two-degree-of-freedom motion of the transonic wind tunnel according to claim 3, wherein: the test device for the two-degree-of-freedom motion of the transonic wind tunnel further comprises a limiting sleeve (12), a round nut (13) and a stop washer (14), wherein two second bearings (19) are arranged on a vertical beam of the T-shaped rotating shaft (2), the limiting sleeve (12) is arranged between the two second bearings (19), and the stop washer (14) is arranged on the side face of the second bearing (19) through the round nut (13).
6. The test device for the two-degree-of-freedom motion of the transonic wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the windward side of the fairing (16) has a sharp angle.
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