CN115585444A - Method and device for detecting tube panel of high-temperature heating surface - Google Patents
Method and device for detecting tube panel of high-temperature heating surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN115585444A CN115585444A CN202211190637.2A CN202211190637A CN115585444A CN 115585444 A CN115585444 A CN 115585444A CN 202211190637 A CN202211190637 A CN 202211190637A CN 115585444 A CN115585444 A CN 115585444A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
Abstract
The application provides a method and a device for detecting a tube panel of a high-temperature heating surface, electronic equipment and a readable storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of determining a target analysis coefficient of an analysis model based on design data of a high-temperature heating surface tube panel when a boiler is in a running state, analyzing the running data based on the target analysis coefficient and the analysis model to obtain the thickness of an oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel, determining the thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel in real time without cutting off a tube in the tube panel, determining the thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel in the running process of a boiler unit, ensuring that preventive maintenance is pertinently carried out in a maintenance period, and reducing maintenance cost.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of boiler safety, in particular to a method and a device for detecting a tube panel of a high-temperature heating surface.
Background
With the development of a boiler unit to high parameters and large capacity, the steam temperature and pressure of the thermal power unit are continuously improved, the oxide skin generation rate of a heating surface is rapidly increased under the action of high-temperature oxygen-containing steam, the oxide skin is peeled off when the thickness of the critical oxide skin is reached, and the peeled oxide skin is continuously accumulated at the bottom of a tube panel, so that the flow area at the bottom of the tube panel is reduced, and when the tube panel is in an overtemperature state for a long time, the metallographic structure of steel is changed, the service life of the tube is greatly reduced, non-stop accidents are caused, and the safety and economic operation of a power plant are seriously damaged.
Therefore, in order to ensure the operation safety of the boiler unit, the tube panels of the heating surfaces need to be detected. In the conventional measurement of the oxide skin of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface of the boiler, the aging degree of the high-temperature austenitic steel tube for the thermal power plant to be measured can be evaluated according to a threshold processing interval corresponding to appearance and oxide skin thickness monitoring data, but the measurement is carried out after the tube is cut for the oxide skin thickness monitoring.
However, the mode of measuring the thickness of the oxide scale by cutting the tube can only know the state of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface when the furnace is shut down for maintenance, and cannot evaluate the generation condition of the oxide scale of the high-temperature heating surface in the effective operation time of the unit, so that preventive maintenance cannot be performed in the maintenance period in a targeted manner, the maintenance cost is high, the operation is complex, and excessive maintenance can be caused sometimes.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present application provides a method for detecting a tube panel of a high-temperature heating surface, which includes:
a tube panel detection method for a high-temperature heating surface comprises the following steps:
acquiring operation data and design data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface in a boiler operation state;
determining a target analysis coefficient of an analysis model based on the design data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface;
analyzing the operation data based on the target analysis coefficient and the analysis model to obtain the thickness of the oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface.
Optionally, the method for acquiring the operation data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heated surface includes:
and obtaining the outer wall surface temperature and the effective running time of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface.
Optionally, in the method, analyzing the operation data based on the target analysis coefficient and the analysis model to obtain the thickness of the oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface includes:
and analyzing the temperature of the outer wall surface and the effective running time based on the target analysis coefficient and the analysis model to obtain the thickness of the oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface.
Optionally, the method further includes:
determining a first stripping frequency of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel based on the fact that the temperature of the outer wall surface does not meet the change condition and the combination of the generation thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel;
determining second stripping times of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel based on the fact that the temperature of the outer wall surface meets the change condition and the combination of the generation thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel;
and obtaining the accumulation thickness of the oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface based on the first stripping times and the second stripping times.
Optionally, the method further includes:
detecting external parameters of a high-temperature heating surface tube panel of the boiler in a boiler blowing-out state, wherein the external parameters are parameters capable of being detected outside the high-temperature heating surface tube panel;
if the external parameters of the high-temperature heating surface tube panel do not meet the normal requirements of the external parameters, prompt information is generated, and the prompt information is used for prompting the replacement of tubes in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel
Optionally, the method for judging whether the external parameters of the tube panel with the high-temperature heated surface meet the normal requirements of the external parameters includes at least one of the following steps:
judging whether the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface meets the abrasion deformation condition; or
Judging whether the pipe diameter of a pipe in the high-temperature heating surface pipe panel is larger than a designed pipe diameter threshold value or not; or
And judging whether the hardness of the tube in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface is out of the hardness threshold range.
A tube panel detection device for a high-temperature heating surface comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the operation data and the design data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface in the operating state of the boiler;
the determining module is used for determining a target analysis coefficient of an analysis model based on the design data of the high-temperature heating surface tube panel;
and the processing module is used for analyzing the operation data based on the target analysis coefficient and the analysis model to obtain the thickness of the oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface.
An electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor;
wherein, the memory stores a processing program;
the processor is used for loading and executing the processing program stored in the memory so as to realize the steps of the high-temperature heated surface tube panel detection method.
A readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored thereon, and the computer program is called by a processor and executed to implement the steps of the tube panel detection method for a high-temperature heated surface according to any one of the above.
According to the technical scheme, the target analysis coefficient of the analysis model is determined based on the design data of the high-temperature heating surface tube panel in the process that the boiler is in the running state, the running data is analyzed based on the target analysis coefficient and the analysis model to obtain the thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel, the thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel can be determined in real time without cutting off a tube in the tube panel, the thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel can be determined in the running process of the boiler unit, the aim of developing preventive maintenance in the maintenance period is guaranteed, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment 1 of a method for inspecting a tube panel of a high-temperature heated surface according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an embodiment 2 of a method for inspecting a tube panel of a high-temperature heated surface according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an embodiment 3 of a method for inspecting a tube panel of a high-temperature heated surface according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an embodiment 4 of a method for inspecting a tube panel of a high-temperature heated surface according to the present application;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of an embodiment 5 of a method for inspecting a tube panel of a high-temperature heated surface according to the present application;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of embodiment 6 of a method for inspecting a tube panel of a high temperature heated surface according to the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-temperature heated surface tube panel in an application scenario of a high-temperature heated surface tube panel detection method provided by the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a high-temperature heated surface tube panel detection apparatus provided by the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, a flowchart of an embodiment 1 of a method for detecting a tube panel of a high-temperature heated surface provided by the present application is applied to an electronic device, and the method includes the following steps:
step S101: acquiring operation data and design data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface in a boiler operation state;
the operation data is data that changes along with the operation condition of the high-temperature heating surface tube panel in the boiler, and specifically may be operation data of the high-temperature heating surface tube panel after the boiler is started to enter an operation state.
In particular implementations, the operational data may be obtained according to a predetermined acquisition period.
Wherein the design data is parameter data determined when the boiler is designed, and does not change along with the operation condition of the boiler.
In specific implementation, the operation data of the tube panel with the high-temperature heating surface may be related parameters read from a Distributed Control System (DCS), including unit load, main steam temperature, main steam pressure, main steam flow, tube panel outer wall surface temperature, effective operation duration, and the like, and the parameters may be changed according to field requirements, but are not limited thereto.
Step S102: determining a target analysis coefficient of an analysis model based on the design data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface;
wherein, the formation speed of oxide skin in the pipe can be influenced by different materials, pipe diameters, wall thicknesses and the temperature of the outer wall of the pipe.
Specifically, a target analysis coefficient corresponding to the design data of different tube panels is determined, so that the analysis model adopts the target analysis coefficient to analyze the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface detected at this time.
The target analysis coefficient may include an arrhenius constant, a process rate control activation energy, and the like.
Wherein the Arrhenius constant A is related to the composition of the metal composite material, and A =105 μm when the material of the tube is 07Cr18Ni11Nb (austenitic stainless steel) 2 And/h, when the material of the pipe is 9Cr1Mo (martensite heat-resistant steel), A =11616.83 μm 2 /h。
Wherein, the values of the rate control activation energy Q in the process are different under different working conditions, and when the material of the pipe is 07Cr18Ni11Nb, Q =85500J/mol; when the material of the pipe is 9Cr1Mo, Q =42804J/mol.
Step S103: analyzing the operation data based on the target analysis coefficient and the analysis model to obtain the thickness of the oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface.
Wherein the scale formation in the pipe is related to the design data of the pipe and the operation process.
The thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel can be predicted and obtained by analyzing operation data generated in the operation process of the high-temperature heating surface tube panel and design data determined in the design process.
Firstly, the parameters in the analysis model adopt the target analysis coefficient to obtain an actual analysis model corresponding to the detection, and then the operation data is analyzed based on the actual analysis model used in the detection to obtain the thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel.
The process of predicting the oxide scale thickness will be described in detail in the following embodiments, and the details will not be described in the present embodiment.
In summary, according to the detection method for the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface provided by the embodiment, in the process that the boiler is in the operating state, the target analysis coefficient of the analysis model is determined based on the design data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface, and then the operating data is analyzed based on the target analysis coefficient and the analysis model to obtain the thickness of the oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface, so that the thickness of the oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface can be determined in real time without cutting off the tube in the tube panel, the thickness of the oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface can be determined in the operating process of the boiler unit, the aim preventive maintenance in the maintenance period is ensured, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
As shown in fig. 2, a flowchart of an embodiment 2 of a method for detecting a tube panel of a high-temperature heated surface provided by the present application includes the following steps:
step S201: obtaining design data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface in a boiler running state;
wherein the design data includes boiler design parameters such as tube material, tube diameter, boiler wall thickness, etc.
Specifically, the data may be obtained from a boiler design file in a database, or may be manually input by a worker according to the boiler design file.
Step S202: obtaining the temperature of the outer wall surface of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface and the effective operation time in the operation state of the boiler;
wherein the formation of scale in the pipe is related to the running process of the pipe.
Wherein the higher the temperature of the tube and the longer the run time, the greater the thickness of the scale.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the thickness of the scale is determined based on the outer wall surface temperature and the operation effective time.
Wherein the operation valid time is obtained based on the recorded content during the operation of the boiler.
The outer wall surface temperature is calculated based on the temperature in the tube panel, the related parameters of heat flow in the tube panel, design data of the tube panel and the like in the operation process of the boiler.
Specifically, the calculation formula of the temperature of the outer wall surface of the tube panel is as follows:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
wherein, t wbi Is the temperature of the outer wall surface in degrees C (DEG C) and t gzi Is the temperature of the inner wall surface, the unit is ℃, beta is the ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter of the tube panel, d is the outer diameter of the tube panel, the unit is mm (millimeter), delta is the thickness of the tube wall, the unit is mm; q. q of w Is the heat flow density unit is W/m 2 ；α 2 Is the heat release coefficient in the tube, and has the unit W/(m) 2 K); μ is the thermal diffusivity; lambda M The thermal conductivity of the tube wall is W/(m.K), and the size of the thermal conductivity is related to the material and the temperature of the tube panel.
Wherein, the tube panel outer diameter d and the inner wall thickness delta are design data.
Wherein the parameters for calculating the temperature of the outer wall surface are also related based on operating parameters during operation of the boiler.
Wherein the heat flow density q w The method is related to unit load, coal quality parameters, coal quantity entering a boiler, running oxygen quantity, and steam temperature, pressure and flow of the whole inlet and outlet of a tube panel.
Wherein the temperature t of the inner wall surface gzi The temperature of working medium in the tube at the cross section of the tube panel is related to the heat flux density of the whole tube panel, the heat flux density at different nodes along the tube and the temperature of the working medium at the inlet and outlet measuring points of the tube panel.
Specifically, the formula for calculating the temperature of the inner wall surface is as follows:
wherein, t in Is the working medium temperature, t, at the inlet cross section of the tube panel out Is the temperature of working medium in the tube at the outlet section of the tube panel, sigma q gzi Is the heat flux from the working medium outlet section to the calculation section, sigma q w Is the heat flux from the cross section of the working medium inlet to the cross section of the working medium outlet. Wherein, the temperature t of the working medium in the pipe at the inlet section in The temperature of a measuring point of a header at the inlet of a tube panel is obtained, and the temperature t of a working medium in a tube at the section of an outlet out By installing individual tubes at the outlet of the tube panelAnd (4) thermocouple measurement points.
Wherein the heat diffusion coefficient mu is the heat release coefficient alpha in the tube 2 The inner diameter (d-2 delta) of the tube, the outer diameter d of the tube and the material of the tube.
Specifically, the heat diffusion coefficient is calculated as follows:
(1) for the outermost tube of the screen, μ =1;
(2) tube screen other tubes, mu =0.46836+0.61671H
Wherein H =0.31702+0.23833Bi-0.03473Bi 2
Wherein Bi adopts a pile data criterion, specifically
Wherein, the heat release coefficient alpha 2 in the pipe is obtained by the related correction of the diameter of the pipe, the outer diameter of the pipe, the length of the pipe, the average temperature of working medium in the pipe and the flow of the working medium in the pipe.
Specifically, the calculation method of the in-tube coefficient is as follows
(1) Water below subcritical or Re>10 6 Superheated steam of (2) and working medium enthalpy i at supercritical pressure<1000kJ/kg or i>When 2700kJ/kg of water and steam are used,
(2) when Re<10 6 In the case of the superheated steam of (1),
wherein, c t Is a temperature correction coefficient considering the influence of the temperature of the pipe wall on the fluid characteristics, when the pipe is heated by water vapor and water, c t ＝1；c l C is a relative length correction coefficient when 1/d is more than or equal to 50 l ＝1；c k For the correction factor of the heating surface, when both surfaces are heated, c k ＝1；
Wherein Re is a Reynolds number criterion,
wherein v is m In order to calculate the average flow velocity of the working medium at the section, the unit is m/s; d n Is the inner diameter of the pipe in mm, upsilon is the coefficient of viscosity of the working medium in m 2 /s；
Wherein Pr is the number of Plantt's criteria,
wherein, C p The specific constant pressure specific heat capacity of the working medium, the unit is kJ/kg DEG C, the lambda is the heat conductivity coefficient of the working medium, and the unit is kW/m DEG C.
In specific implementation, based on the above process, the outer wall surface temperature of the high-temperature heating surface can be calculated step by step based on the design data and the operation data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface.
Step S203: determining a target analysis coefficient of an analysis model based on the design data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface;
step S204: analyzing the operation data based on the target analysis coefficient and the analysis model to obtain the thickness of the oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface.
Steps S203 to 204 are the same as steps S102 to 103 in embodiment 1, and are not described in detail in this embodiment.
In summary, in the high-temperature heated surface tube panel detection method provided by this embodiment, the obtained operation data is the outer wall surface temperature and the operation effective time of the high-temperature heated surface tube panel in the operation process, and based on the outer wall surface temperature and the operation effective time of the high-temperature heated surface tube panel, an analysis basis is provided for the analysis model.
As shown in fig. 3, a flowchart of embodiment 3 of a method for detecting a tube panel of a high-temperature heated surface provided by the present application includes the following steps:
step S301: obtaining design data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface in a boiler running state;
step S302: at least obtaining the temperature of the outer wall surface of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface and the effective operation time in the operation state of the boiler;
steps S301 to 302 are the same as steps S201 to 202 in embodiment 2, and are not described in detail in this embodiment.
Step S303: determining a target analysis coefficient of an analysis model based on the design data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface;
wherein, different materials, pipe diameters and wall thicknesses of the boiler can influence the generation speed of oxide skin in the pipe.
Specifically, the target analysis coefficients corresponding to the different tube panels are determined according to the design data of the tube panels, so that the analysis model adopts the target analysis coefficients to analyze the tube panels of the high-temperature heating surface detected this time.
The target analysis coefficient may include an arrhenius constant, a process rate control activation energy, and the like.
Wherein the Arrhenius constant A is related to the composition of the metal composite material, and when the material of the pipe is 07Cr18Ni11Nb (austenitic stainless steel), A =105 μm 2 And/h, when the material of the pipe is 9Cr1Mo (martensite heat-resistant steel), A =11616.83 μm 2 /h。
Wherein, the values of the rate control activation energy Q in the process are different under different working conditions, and when the material of the pipe is 07Cr18Ni11Nb, Q =85500J/mol; when the material of the pipe is 9Cr1Mo, Q =42804J/mol.
Step S304: and analyzing the temperature of the outer wall surface and the effective running time based on the target analysis coefficient and the analysis model to obtain the thickness of the oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface.
After the coefficients of the analysis model are determined to adopt target analysis coefficients, the outer wall surface temperature and the operation effective time are analyzed based on the analysis model, and the thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel can be obtained.
Wherein, the analysis model is specifically as follows:
wherein, the analysis model is specifically as follows: x is the scale formation thickness in μm; a is the Arrhenius constant in μm 2 H; q is the process rate control activation energy in J/mol, R is the gas constant; t is the temperature of the tube wall of the high-temperature heating surface, and the unit is K (Kelvin), T h The unit operation effective time is h (hour); n is a constant.
It should be noted that, based on different design data, the values of the analysis coefficients such as a, Q, R, T, and n are different, and in specific implementation, the values of the analysis coefficients corresponding to the design data may be recorded in the database.
For example, the value of A is 105 μm 2 And/h, Q is 85500J/mol, R is 8.314J/(mol. K), and n is 0.5. And substituting the calculated effective operation time of the unit and the detected outer wall surface temperature into the formula (3) to obtain the thickness of the oxide skin.
The following table 1 shows the results of the oxide scale thickness calculation at a point in a single tube.
TABLE 1
In summary, in the method for detecting a tube panel of a high-temperature heating surface provided in this embodiment, a target analysis coefficient of an analysis model is determined based on design data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface; and analyzing the temperature of the outer wall surface and the effective running time based on the target analysis coefficient and the analysis model to obtain the thickness of the oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface. In this embodiment, a target analysis coefficient of an analysis model can be determined based on a design coefficient of the high-temperature heated surface tube panel, and the outer wall surface temperature and the operation effective time are analyzed based on the analysis model in which the target analysis coefficient is determined to obtain the thickness of the scale in the tube of the high-temperature heated surface tube panel, so that a specific process of obtaining the thickness of the scale based on the operation data and the related data of the high-temperature heated surface tube panel is determined.
As shown in fig. 4, a flowchart of embodiment 4 of a method for detecting a tube panel of a high-temperature heated surface provided by the present application is applied to an electronic device, and the method includes the following steps:
step S401: obtaining design data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface in a boiler running state;
step S402: at the running state of the boiler, at least obtaining the outer wall surface temperature and the running effective time of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface;
step S403: determining a target analysis coefficient of an analysis model based on the design data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface;
steps S401 to 403 are the same as steps S301 to 303 in embodiment 3, and are not described in detail in this embodiment.
Step S404: determining first stripping times of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel based on the fact that the temperature of the outer wall surface does not meet the change condition and in combination with the generation thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel;
in the present embodiment, the scale deposition condition of the tube in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel is determined, where the scale is deposited on the bottom of the tube panel, and the scale is removed when the thickness of the scale in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel reaches a certain thickness due to the gravity of the scale.
Wherein the change condition is that the temperature change speed of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface is greater than a set threshold value.
Specifically, whether the temperature of the outer wall surface satisfies the change condition may be determined based on whether the rate of change of the temperature of the outer wall surface is greater than a predetermined threshold.
If the temperature change rate of the outer wall surface is larger than a default threshold value, the temperature of the outer wall surface is represented to meet the change condition; otherwise, the temperature of the outer wall surface is represented to not meet the variation condition.
Specifically, the agreed threshold may be 2.5 to 5 ℃/min, and of course, the agreed threshold may be set according to an actual scene, and the value of the agreed threshold is not limited in the present application.
It should be noted that the temperature of the outer wall surface does not satisfy the variation condition, which means that the temperature of the tube panel with the high-temperature heating surface changes slowly, and the temperature of the outer wall surface is kept stable.
When the temperature of the outer wall surface is kept stable, the risk of peeling of the scale formed is low.
Wherein, for pipes of different materials, the scale begins to peel off when the thickness of the scale reaches different thicknesses.
Therefore, in this embodiment, based on the design data of the high-temperature heated surface tube panel determined in the foregoing steps, the material of the tube can be determined, and the thickness peeling threshold of the oxide scale can be determined based on the material.
For example, for austenitic steel pipes, the scale thickness reaches X at temperature stability 1 Number of times n of peeling off oxide skin after the peeling off is started at 100-200 μm i And counting, wherein the value of i is a positive integer.
Step S405: determining second stripping times of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel based on the fact that the temperature of the outer wall surface meets the change condition and the combination of the generation thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel;
if the temperature of the outer wall surface meets the change condition, the temperature change of the high-temperature heating surface tube panel is represented to be fast, and when the temperature of the outer wall surface changes fast, the risk of peeling of the generated oxide skin is high.
Specifically, the thickness peeling threshold of the scale when the temperature of the outer wall surface changes rapidly is smaller than the thickness peeling threshold when the temperature of the outer wall surface remains stable.
Generally, when a boiler is started or stopped and the load changes, the temperature changes rapidly, so that the temperature of the outer wall surface also changes rapidly.
Wherein, when the temperature of the outer wall surface meets the change condition, the single thickness X of the oxide skin 2 If the thickness is not less than 80 μm and not more than 130 μm, the scale may be peeled off, and the number of times n of peeling of the scale is counted j Wherein j is a positive integer.
Step S406: and obtaining the accumulation thickness of the oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface based on the first stripping times and the second stripping times.
The accumulation thickness of the oxide scale in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface can be calculated and obtained based on the times of scale peeling in the tube under two conditions and a preset accumulation thickness calculation method.
Wherein, the calculation formula involved is as follows:
wherein, in the formula, sigma X is the accumulated thickness of the accumulated oxide scale at the bottom of the tube; x 1 When the change condition is not satisfied, the oxide skin on the high-temperature heating surface reaches the critical thickness value of beginning to peel off, n i The falling times of the oxide skin reaching the critical thickness value in the effective operation time are shown; x 2 N is the critical thickness value of the scale which begins to peel off when the high-temperature far-heating scale meets the changing conditions j The falling frequency of the oxide skin reaching the critical thickness value when the change condition is met within the effective operation time; m is the number of nodes calculated in the whole process from the inlet to the outlet of the pipe; xi is the coefficient which is not carried to the next node along with the flow of the working medium.
In summary, the method for detecting a tube panel of a high-temperature heated surface provided in this embodiment includes: when the temperature of the outer wall surface meets the change condition and does not meet the change condition, determining the falling times of the oxide skin under different conditions by combining the generation thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel, and then calculating the accumulation thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel based on the falling times of the oxide skin under different conditions, so that the accumulation thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel is determined, the determination can be realized without cutting off a tube in the tube panel, the aim of developing preventive maintenance in the maintenance period is ensured, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
As shown in fig. 5, a flowchart of an embodiment 5 of a method for detecting a tube panel of a high-temperature heated surface provided by the present application includes the following steps:
step S501: obtaining design data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface in a boiler running state;
step S502: at least obtaining the temperature of the outer wall surface of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface and the effective operation time in the operation state of the boiler;
step S503: determining a target analysis coefficient of an analysis model based on the design data of the high-temperature heating surface tube panel;
step S504: determining a first stripping frequency of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel based on the fact that the temperature of the outer wall surface does not meet the change condition and the combination of the generation thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel;
step S505: determining second stripping times of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel based on the fact that the temperature of the outer wall surface meets the change condition and the combination of the generation thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel;
step S506: obtaining the accumulation thickness of the oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface based on the first stripping times and the second stripping times;
steps S501 to 506 are the same as steps S401 to 406 in embodiment 4, and are not described in detail in this embodiment.
Step S507: and determining the state of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface based on the accumulated thickness of the oxide skin.
Oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface is accumulated, so that the flow area at the bottom of the tube panel is reduced, and the boiler runs dangerously.
Generally, when the deposition thickness is small after the scale is peeled off, the operation of the boiler is not greatly affected, but when the deposition thickness is large after the scale is peeled off, the operation of the boiler is affected.
Specifically, the state of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface is determined based on the ratio of the accumulated thickness of the oxide scale to the inner diameter of the tube.
For example, the inside diameter of the tube in a high temperature heat receiving tube panel is D in The scale of the accumulated thickness after the scale shedding may be classified into 4, and the scale accumulated thickness threshold may be classified as follows: level 1: 0-0.2D in Medium, slight; and 2, stage: 0.2D in -0.34D in Medium, mild; grade 3, 0.34D in -0.5D in Medium, medium; 4, level: 0.5D in Above, serious.
In a specific implementation, different processing modes can be adopted for different levels.
If the accumulated thickness of the oxide scale is level 1, the device ignores and does not give any warning, if the accumulated thickness of the oxide scale is level 2, the device can give a prompt to pay attention and detect, if the accumulated thickness of the oxide scale is level 3, the device can perform prompt radiographic imaging or endoscopic verification, and if the accumulated thickness of the oxide scale is level 4, the device can prompt tube replacement.
The number of the grading levels of the stack thickness and the thickness threshold may be set according to actual situations, and are not limited in this application.
In summary, the method for detecting a tube panel of a high-temperature heating surface provided in this embodiment includes: and determining the state of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface based on the accumulated thickness of the oxide skin. In this embodiment, the state of the high-temperature heating surface tube panel can be determined according to the accumulated thickness of the oxide skin in the tube in the high-temperature heating tube panel, so that different prompts for workers can be conveniently provided according to different states, and the workers can conveniently know the condition inside the high-temperature heating surface tube panel on the premise that the tube is not damaged in the overhauling process.
As shown in fig. 6, a flowchart of an embodiment 6 of a method for detecting a tube panel of a high-temperature heated surface provided by the present application includes the following steps:
step S601: acquiring operation data and design data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface in a boiler operation state;
step S602: determining a target analysis coefficient of an analysis model based on the design data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface;
step S603: analyzing the operation data based on the target analysis coefficient and the analysis model to obtain the thickness of an oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface;
steps S601 to 603 are the same as steps S101 to 103 in embodiment 1, and are not described in detail in this embodiment.
Step S604: detecting external parameters of a high-temperature heating surface tube panel of the boiler in a boiler blowing-out state;
wherein the external parameter is the parameter capable of being detected outside the high-temperature heating surface tube panel.
After the operation of the boiler is finished, namely in a boiler shutdown state, a tube panel of a high-temperature heating surface of the boiler is detected.
Specifically, the external parameters of the tube panel with the high-temperature heating surface are detected.
If the external parameters of the tube panel are normal and meet the normal requirements of the external parameters, the tube panel with the high-temperature heating surface can be represented to run normally, and the internal condition of the tube panel can be further predicted.
Specifically, the external parameters of the tube panel with the high-temperature heating surface comprise: the abrasion deformation condition, the pipe diameter of the pipe, the hardness of the pipe and the like can be detected outside the high-temperature heating surface tube panel.
Specifically, the wear deformation condition and the pipe diameter can be analyzed based on the acquired image by acquiring the image of the high-temperature heating surface pipe panel; and the modes of manually inputting the abrasion deformation condition result, the pipe diameter data and the like by workers can also be adopted.
The hardness of the pipe can be detected through a hardness meter, and if the hardness meter can be communicated with the electronic equipment executing the scheme, the hardness meter is controlled to automatically detect the hardness of the pipe and then upload the hardness value to the electronic equipment; or the operator can manually input the hardness value of the tube.
Specifically, the method for judging whether the external parameters of the tube panel with the high-temperature heating surface meet the normal requirements of the external parameters comprises at least one of the following steps:
(1) Judging whether the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface meets the abrasion deformation condition or not; or
Wherein, if the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface is not obviously damaged and deformed, the tube panel does not meet the abrasion deformation condition.
(2) Judging whether the pipe diameter of a pipe in the high-temperature heating surface pipe panel is larger than a designed pipe diameter threshold value or not; or
Wherein, design pipe diameter threshold value can be the multiple of this design pipe diameter, such as 1.2 times, 1.5 times etc. can set up according to actual conditions.
If the pipe diameter of any pipe in the pipe panel becomes thick, the pipe of the pipe panel with the high-temperature heating surface is heated to expand, and the pipe expands thick.
If the pipe diameter of a pipe in the high-temperature heating surface pipe screen is larger than a designed pipe diameter threshold value, if the pipe diameter is larger than 1.2 times of the designed pipe diameter, the pipe expansion is represented to be excessive, and external parameters of the high-temperature heating surface pipe screen do not meet the normal requirements of the external parameters; and if the pipe diameter of the pipe in the high-temperature heating surface pipe screen is not larger than the designed pipe diameter threshold value, the external parameters of the high-temperature heating surface pipe screen meet the normal requirements of the external parameters.
(3) And judging whether the hardness of the tube in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface is out of the hardness threshold range.
Wherein, the hardness threshold range is different for different pipe materials.
Specifically, it is determined whether the hardness of the tube falls within a corresponding hardness threshold range.
For example, when the material of the tube is SA-213TP347H, i.e., 07Cr18Ni11Nb, the threshold range of the hardness H (unit, HB) of the tube is [140,192].
If the hardness of the tube is within the hardness threshold range, the external parameters of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface meet the normal requirements of the external parameters; otherwise, the external parameters of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface do not meet the normal requirements of the external parameters.
In specific implementation, whether the external parameters of the high-temperature heated surface tube panel meet the normal requirements of the external parameters or not can be sequentially judged according to the 3 conditions for judging whether the external parameters of the high-temperature heated surface tube panel meet the normal requirements of the external parameters, and if only one of the conditions does not meet the conditions, it is determined that the external parameters of the high-temperature heated surface tube panel do not meet the normal requirements of the external parameters.
Step S605: and if the external parameters of the high-temperature heating surface tube panel do not meet the normal requirements of the external parameters, generating prompt information, wherein the prompt information is used for prompting to replace tubes in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel.
If the external parameters of the tube panel with the high-temperature heating surface do not meet the normal requirements of the external parameters, the tube panel may not operate normally, and therefore, the tubes in the tube panel need to be replaced.
In a specific implementation, when the external parameter is determined not to meet the normal requirement of the external parameter, the target pipe is determined, and prompt information for prompting a worker to replace the target pipe is performed on the target pipe, wherein the target pipe is a pipe which does not meet the condition.
Wherein, the target tube can be a tube which is obviously damaged and deformed in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface; the target pipe can be a pipe with the diameter larger than a designed pipe diameter threshold value in the high-temperature heating surface pipe screen; the target tube may be a tube in the high temperature heated surface tube panel having a hardness outside a hardness threshold range.
In summary, in the method for detecting the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface provided by this embodiment, after the boiler is shut down, the external parameters of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface are detected, and if the external parameters of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface do not meet the normal requirements of the external parameters, prompt information is generated to prompt a worker to replace tubes in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface, so as to ensure safe operation of a subsequent boiler after being restarted.
Corresponding to the embodiment of the high-temperature heating surface tube panel detection method provided by the application, the application also provides an application scene of the high-temperature heating surface tube panel detection method.
In the application scene, a 630 MW-grade coal-fired boiler is taken as an example, the model is DG1900/25.4-II1, the type is a supercritical parameter variable-pressure direct-current boiler, the front wall and the rear wall are in opposed firing, a tail double-flue structure is adopted, and solid-state slag discharge is realized. The powder process system adopts a medium-speed mill positive pressure direct blowing system, each furnace is provided with 6 coal mills, and when 5 coal mills run, the BMCR (Boiler maximum continuous evaporation capacity) can be obtained.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the high temperature heated surface tube panel, which is a side view of the boiler. In the application scenario, the parameters of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface are as follows: 31 tubes are arranged along the width direction of the furnace, the transverse pitch S1=609.6mm of the tube row and the longitudinal pitch S2=57mm of the tubes, 2 tubes of each tube panel are wound in parallel, and the materials of the tubes of the heating surface in the furnace are SA-213TP347H. The outermost ring of tubes has a diameter of 50.8X 7, and the rest tubes have a diameter of 45X 6.
The process for detecting the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface comprises the following steps:
step S701: determining the accumulation thickness of oxide skin in a tube panel of a high-temperature heating surface in the operation process of a boiler;
step S702: determining the stacking severity according to the stacking thickness, and carrying out corresponding reminding;
wherein the severity is mild, not suggested; severity was mild, suggesting attention and detection; the severity is moderate, and radiographic or endoscopic verification is prompted; the severity is severe, indicating tube replacement.
Step S703: detecting whether the appearance of a tube panel of a high-temperature heating surface is worn and deformed or not after the boiler is stopped;
if the abrasion and the deformation exist, the step S706 is carried out, otherwise, the step S704 is carried out;
step S704: whether the pipe diameter of a pipe in the high-temperature heating surface pipe screen is larger than a designed pipe diameter threshold value or not;
if the diameter is larger than the designed pipe diameter threshold value, the step S706 is carried out, otherwise, the step S705 is carried out;
step S705: whether the hardness of the tube in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface is out of the hardness threshold range;
if the hardness is out of the hardness threshold range, the step S706 is executed;
step S706: prompting to replace the tube.
In the application scene, the external parameters of the high-temperature heating surface tube panel and the internal oxide skin accumulation thickness can be detected in the operation process of the boiler, and the external parameters of the high-temperature heating surface tube panel are detected after the boiler is shut down, so that the high-temperature heating surface tube panel can be comprehensively detected, the thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel can be determined without cutting off tubes in the tube panel, the preventive maintenance can be carried out in a targeted manner in the maintenance period, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
Corresponding to the embodiment of the high-temperature heating surface tube panel detection method provided by the application, the application also provides an embodiment of a device applying the high-temperature heating surface tube panel detection method.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a high-temperature heated surface tube panel detection apparatus provided by the present application, where the apparatus includes the following structure: an acquisition module 801, a determination module 802 and a processing module 803;
the acquiring module 801 is configured to acquire operating data and design data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface in a boiler operating state;
the determining module 802 is configured to determine a target analysis coefficient of an analysis model based on design data of the high-temperature heated surface tube panel;
the processing module 803 is configured to analyze the operation data based on the target analysis coefficient and the analysis model to obtain the thickness of the oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heated surface.
Optionally, the obtaining module obtains the operation data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface, and specifically includes:
and obtaining the temperature of the outer wall surface of the tube panel with the high-temperature heating surface and the effective operation time.
Optionally, the processing module is specifically configured to;
and analyzing the temperature of the outer wall surface and the effective running time based on the target analysis coefficient and the analysis model to obtain the thickness of the oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface.
Optionally, the processing module is further configured to:
determining a first stripping frequency of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel based on the fact that the temperature of the outer wall surface does not meet the change condition and the combination of the generation thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel;
determining second stripping times of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel based on the fact that the temperature of the outer wall surface meets the change condition and the generation thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel is combined;
and obtaining the accumulation thickness of the oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface based on the first stripping times and the second stripping times.
Optionally, the method further includes:
and the state determining module is used for determining the state of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface based on the accumulated thickness of the oxide skin.
Optionally, the method further includes:
the detection module is used for detecting external parameters of a high-temperature heating surface tube panel of the boiler in a boiler blowing-out state, wherein the external parameters are parameters capable of being detected outside the high-temperature heating surface tube panel;
the judging module is used for judging whether the external parameters of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface meet the normal requirements of the external parameters;
and the prompt module is used for generating prompt information if the external parameters of the high-temperature heating surface tube panel do not meet the normal requirements of the external parameters, and the prompt information is used for prompting to replace tubes in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel.
Optionally, the determining module is specifically configured to:
judging whether the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface meets the abrasion deformation condition or not; or
Judging whether the pipe diameter of a pipe in the high-temperature heating surface pipe panel is larger than a designed pipe diameter threshold value or not; or
And judging whether the hardness of the tube in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface is out of the hardness threshold range.
It should be noted that, please refer to the explanation in the method embodiment for the functions of each structure in the high-temperature heated surface tube panel detection apparatus provided in this embodiment, which is not described in detail in this embodiment.
In summary, according to the high-temperature heating surface tube panel detection apparatus provided by this embodiment, in the process that the boiler is in the operation state, the target analysis coefficient of the analysis model is determined based on the design data of the high-temperature heating surface tube panel, and then the operation data is analyzed based on the target analysis coefficient and the analysis model, so as to obtain the thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel, the thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel can be determined in real time without cutting off the tube in the tube panel, so that the thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel can be determined in the operation process of the boiler unit, the targeted preventive maintenance in the maintenance period is ensured, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
Corresponding to the embodiment of the high-temperature heating surface tube panel detection method provided by the application, the application also provides electronic equipment and a readable storage medium corresponding to the information processing method.
Wherein, this electronic equipment includes: a memory, a processor;
wherein, the memory stores a processing program;
the processor is configured to load and execute the processing program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the tube panel detection method for a high-temperature heated surface according to any one of the embodiments.
Specifically, the method for detecting the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface of the electronic device can be implemented by referring to the embodiment of the method for detecting the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface.
The readable storage medium stores thereon a computer program, which is called and executed by a processor to implement the steps of the tube panel detection method for a high-temperature heated surface according to any one of the embodiments of the invention.
Specifically, the computer program stored in the readable storage medium executes the information processing method, and the information processing method embodiments described above may be referred to.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the device provided by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the device corresponds to the method provided by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the provided embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features provided herein.
Claims (10)
1. A tube panel detection method of a high-temperature heating surface is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring operation data and design data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface in a boiler operation state;
determining a target analysis coefficient of an analysis model based on the design data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface;
analyzing the operation data based on the target analysis coefficient and the analysis model to obtain the thickness of the oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining operational data for the high temperature heated surface tube panel comprises:
and obtaining the temperature of the outer wall surface of the tube panel with the high-temperature heating surface and the effective operation time.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein analyzing the operational data based on the target analysis coefficients and the analysis model to obtain a thickness of a scale in the tube panel of the high temperature heating surface comprises:
and analyzing the outer wall surface temperature and the effective running time based on the target analysis coefficient and the analysis model to obtain the thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
determining first stripping times of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel based on the fact that the temperature of the outer wall surface does not meet the change condition and in combination with the generation thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel;
determining second stripping times of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel based on the fact that the temperature of the outer wall surface meets the change condition and the generation thickness of the oxide skin in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel is combined;
and obtaining the accumulation thickness of the oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface based on the first stripping times and the second stripping times.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and determining the state of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface based on the accumulated thickness of the oxide skin.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
detecting external parameters of a high-temperature heating surface tube panel of the boiler in a boiler blowing-out state, wherein the external parameters are parameters capable of being detected outside the high-temperature heating surface tube panel;
and if the external parameters of the high-temperature heating surface tube panel do not meet the normal requirements of the external parameters, generating prompt information, wherein the prompt information is used for prompting the replacement of the tubes in the high-temperature heating surface tube panel.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein determining whether the external parameters of the tube panel of the high temperature heating surface meet normal external parameter requirements comprises:
judging whether the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface meets the abrasion deformation condition; or
Judging whether the pipe diameter of a pipe in the high-temperature heating surface pipe panel is larger than a designed pipe diameter threshold value or not; or
And judging whether the hardness of the tube in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface is out of the hardness threshold range.
8. The utility model provides a high temperature heating surface tube panel detection device which characterized in that includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the operation data and the design data of the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface in the operating state of the boiler;
the determining module is used for determining a target analysis coefficient of an analysis model based on the design data of the high-temperature heating surface tube panel;
and the processing module is used for analyzing the operation data based on the target analysis coefficient and the analysis model to obtain the thickness of the oxide skin in the tube panel of the high-temperature heating surface.
9. An electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor;
wherein, the memorizer stores the processing program;
the processor is used for loading and executing the processing program stored in the memory to realize the steps of the high-temperature heated surface tube panel detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program for being invoked and executed by a processor to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117495125A (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2024-02-02 | 天津大学 | Wall temperature and oxide skin generation distribution prediction method for high-temperature heating surface of coal-fired boiler |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117495125A (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2024-02-02 | 天津大学 | Wall temperature and oxide skin generation distribution prediction method for high-temperature heating surface of coal-fired boiler |
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