CN115584521A - Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production unit structure with enhanced sealing - Google Patents

Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production unit structure with enhanced sealing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115584521A
CN115584521A CN202211299050.5A CN202211299050A CN115584521A CN 115584521 A CN115584521 A CN 115584521A CN 202211299050 A CN202211299050 A CN 202211299050A CN 115584521 A CN115584521 A CN 115584521A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
sealing
frame
anode
cathode
water electrolysis
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Pending
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CN202211299050.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
程旌德
徐一凡
王彰
唐厚闻
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Shanghai H Rise New Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Shanghai H Rise New Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202211299050.5A priority Critical patent/CN115584521A/en
Publication of CN115584521A publication Critical patent/CN115584521A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production unit structure with enhanced sealing, which comprises an anode side sealing element, a cathode gas diffusion layer and a proton membrane: the anode side sealing element comprises a metal separator, an anode metal mesh, an anode side sealing gasket and an anode frame; the cathode side sealing element comprises a metal separator, a cathode side sealing gasket and a cathode frame; the proton membrane is clamped between the anode frame and the cathode frame; and a plurality of circles of annular sealing convex edges are arranged on the surfaces of the two sides of the anode frame and the surfaces of the two sides of the cathode frame. Compared with the prior art, the invention obviously reduces the cost on the sealing material through the improvement on the double-side frame structure, and powerfully promotes the industrial development of the field of PEM water electrolysis.

Description

Proton exchange membrane electrolyzed water hydrogen production unit structure with enhanced sealing
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, in particular to a sealing-enhanced proton exchange membrane hydrogen production unit structure by water electrolysis.
Background
The hydrogen production by water electrolysis takes water as reactant, and hydrogen and oxygen can be produced by applying direct current in an electrolysis device. There are three main ways to electrolyze water: the hydrogen is produced by alkaline electrolysis of water, by solid oxide electrolysis of water and by proton exchange membrane electrolysis of water. The proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production has the characteristics of high current density, strong flexibility, high efficiency, large energy capacity and the like, can be well matched with renewable energy sources (such as wind energy and solar energy), can operate at high pressure of 350bar due to compact structure, is beneficial to storage and transportation of hydrogen, and can effectively reduce loss caused by compression and storage. Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolysis Cells (PEMEC) are mainly composed of a membrane electrode, a gas diffusion layer, and a bipolar plate.
The membrane electrode is mainly composed of an anode catalysis layer, a proton exchange membrane and a cathode catalysis layer as a core component of the PEMEC. The anode catalyst mainly decomposes water into oxygen, electrons, and protons; the proton exchange membrane is used as a solid electrolyte, can effectively isolate gases generated by the anode and the cathode, but protons can pass through in the form of hydronium ions; the cathode catalyst promotes the reaction of hydrogen ions to produce hydrogen gas.
PEM hydrogen production has very high requirements on sealing materials for the high gas pressure (more than 2 MPa) of a water electrolyzer, and the existing materials have fewer types and high price for meeting the requirements, thereby restricting the cost and the commercial application range of the water electrolyzer. The cost of sealing structures and sealing materials in PEM hydrogen production equipment is high, and industrial popularization in the field is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production unit structure with enhanced sealing, the cost of sealing materials is obviously reduced through the improvement of a double-side frame structure, and the industrial development of the PEM water electrolysis field is powerfully promoted.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention aims to provide a proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production unit structure with enhanced sealing, which comprises an anode side sealing element, a cathode gas diffusion layer and a proton membrane:
the anode side sealing element comprises a metal separator, an anode side sealing gasket and an anode frame;
the cathode side sealing element comprises a metal separator, a cathode side sealing gasket and a cathode frame;
the proton membrane is clamped between the anode frame and the cathode frame;
and the surfaces of two sides of the anode frame and the surfaces of two sides of the cathode frame are respectively provided with a plurality of circles of annular sealing convex edges.
And the sealing structures are fixedly connected through bolts penetrating through the bolt mounting holes.
Furthermore, a first anode frame sealing bead is arranged on one side of the anode frame and abuts against the surface of the anode side sealing gasket.
Further, a second anode frame sealing rib is arranged on the other side of the anode frame and abuts against the surface of the proton membrane.
Furthermore, one side of the cathode frame is provided with a first cathode frame sealing rib, and the first cathode frame sealing rib abuts against the cathode side sealing gasket.
Furthermore, a second cathode frame sealing rib is arranged on one side of the cathode frame and abuts against the surface of the proton membrane.
Furthermore, the sealing convex edge is a flat-top convex edge with an arc chamfer or an arc-surface top convex edge.
Furthermore, the intervals of the annular sealing convex edges of all circles are equal, and the center interval of the adjacent convex edges is 0.5-1.5 mm.
Furthermore, the width and the height of each ring of annular sealing convex edge are equal, wherein the width is 0.1-0.4 mm, and the height is 0.05-0.15 mm.
Furthermore, the annular sealing convex edges on the anode frame and the cathode frame are the same, and the central lines of the annular sealing convex edges on the anode frame and the cathode frame are superposed.
Further, the material of the anode frame and the cathode frame is selected from one of PSU, PPS, POM and PA.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical advantages:
1) In the technical scheme, the sealing quality of the PEM water electrolysis tool is remarkably enhanced through the four-side sealing rib structures on the two frames, wherein the cathode frame sealing rib is in contact with the CCM and is supported by the anode frame sealing rib, so that the sealing of the cathode side (hydrogen) is formed; the anode side sealing rib is contacted with the anode side sealing gasket and supported by the anode side metal separator in a compressed state, the anode frame sealing rib 51 is contacted with the CCM and supported by the cathode frame sealing rib, so that the anode side (oxygen and electrolyzed water) is sealed, the cost of the sealing material is obviously reduced through the structural improvement of the double-side frame, and the industrial development of the field of PEM electrolyzed water is powerfully promoted.
2) Due to the arrangement of the sealing convex edges, the errors of the flatness and the parallelism of the surface processing of the frame are compensated, the processing difficulty of the frame is reduced, and the production efficiency of the frame is improved.
3) Because the frame is provided with the sealing convex edge, the thickness tolerance and the assembly tolerance of parts during assembly can be effectively compensated in the assembly process of the electrolytic cell, thereby improving the assembly production efficiency.
Drawings
FIGS. 1 to 4 are schematic diagrams of the structure of the hydrogen production unit by water electrolysis with the proton exchange membrane with enhanced sealing in the technical scheme;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the cathode frame connecting channel and the sealing rib according to the present embodiment;
fig. 6 to 8 are schematic cross-sectional structures of the sealing rib in the present technical solution.
In the figure: 10. the cathode side gas diffusion layer 80, the anode side metal mesh, 101 and 102 are respectively connected with the cathode frame connecting channel, the anode frame connecting channel, the metal separator, 20, the cathode side sealing gasket, 30, the cathode frame, 31, the cathode frame connecting channel, 32, the second cathode frame sealing rib, 33, the first cathode frame sealing rib, 40, the proton membrane, 50, the anode frame, 51, the second anode frame sealing rib, 60, the anode side sealing gasket, 70, the cathode side gas diffusion layer, and 102; 103 an electrolyzed water inlet; 104 an electrolyzed water outlet; 105 bolt mounting holes; 106 voltage patrol contacts.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments. In the technical scheme, the features such as the part model, the material name, the connection structure, the control method, the process steps and the like which are not explicitly described are all regarded as common technical features disclosed in the prior art.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, a proton exchange membrane hydrogen production unit by water electrolysis is shown, and is pressed by metal separators at two sides of a proton membrane in a solid state which is required by a bolt, and the pressure is usually 900 to 1500PSI, and the components of the electrolysis unit include the metal separator 10, an anode side gasket 60, an anode side sealing frame 50, an anode side metal mesh 80, a proton membrane (CCM) 40, a cathode side gas diffusion layer 70, a cathode side frame 30, and a cathode side gasket 20.
In specific implementation, the anode side sealing member includes a metal separator, an anode side sealing gasket 60, and an anode frame 50; the cathode side sealing member comprises a metal separator, a cathode side sealing gasket 20 and a cathode frame 30; the proton membrane 40 is sandwiched between the anode frame 50 and the cathode frame 30; the two side surfaces of the anode frame 50 and the two side surfaces of the cathode frame 30 are provided with a plurality of circles of annular sealing convex edges. The sealing structures are fixedly connected through bolts penetrating through the bolt mounting holes 105.
In specific implementation, a first anode frame sealing rib 52 is disposed on one side of the anode frame 50, and the first anode frame sealing rib 52 abuts against the surface of the anode side sealing gasket 60. The other side of the anode frame 50 is provided with a second anode frame sealing rib 51, and the second anode frame sealing rib 51 abuts against the surface of the proton membrane 40. One side of the cathode frame 30 is provided with a first cathode frame sealing rib 33, and the first cathode frame sealing rib 33 abuts against the cathode side sealing gasket 20. One side of the cathode frame 30 is provided with a second cathode frame sealing rib 32, and the second cathode frame sealing rib 32 abuts against the surface of the proton membrane 40. Due to the arrangement of the sealing convex edges, the errors of the flatness and the parallelism of the surface processing of the frame are compensated, the processing difficulty of the frame is reduced, and the production efficiency of the frame is improved. Meanwhile, as the frame is provided with the sealing convex edge, the thickness tolerance and the assembly tolerance of parts during assembly can be effectively compensated in the assembly process of the electrolytic cell, thereby improving the assembly production efficiency
In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, the electrolyzed water passes through the anode side electrolyzed water inlet 103, fills the anode side cavity and contacts the proton membrane. The metal separator on the right side of the proton membrane is connected with the negative pole of a direct current power supply, the metal separator on the left side of the proton membrane is connected with the positive pole of the direct current power supply, and the voltage is usually about 1.5V. The voltage detection is led out from the terminal 106 to a voltage detection device. At the moment, hydrogen is generated on the cathode side of the membrane electrode, passes through a gas diffusion layer diffusion cathode side cavity and is discharged from the hydrogen outlets 101 and 102 through a cathode frame connecting channel 31; oxygen gas is generated on the anode side of the membrane electrode, coexists with the electrolyzed water, and is discharged from the port 104 through the connecting channel of the anode frame.
In specific implementation, because the gas sealing at the cathode side and the leakage prevention of the electrolyzed water and the oxygen at the anode side need to be ensured when the unit works, the sealing rib structure serial numbers 32, 33, 51 and 52 are respectively arranged on the two surfaces of the cathode frame 30 and the two surfaces of the anode frame 50. The cathode side sealing rib 33 and the cathode side sealing gasket 20 are in contact and supported by the metal separator in the pressed state of the electrolytic cell, and the cathode frame sealing rib 32 is in contact with the CCM and supported by the anode frame sealing rib 51, thereby forming a seal of the cathode side (hydrogen gas); the anode side sealing bead 52 and the anode side sealing gasket 60 are in contact and supported by the anode side metal separator in a compressed state, and the anode frame sealing bead 51 is in contact with the CCM and supported by the cathode frame sealing bead 32, thereby forming a seal on the anode side (oxygen and electrolyzed water).
In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 5, the arrangement of the ribs of the cathode frame is shown, the positions and the sections of the ribs on the two sides of the cathode frame are completely the same, and the center distance between adjacent ribs is 0.5mm to 1.5mm. The anode frame can be assembled by rotating 90 degrees by using the cathode frame. The centers of all the convex ridges of the cathode frame are coincided with the centers of the convex ridges of the anode frame, and the contact can be ensured to be tight during the compression.
Specifically, when the model is selected, as shown in fig. 6, the sealing bead has a width K = 0.1-0.4 mm, an angle a = 10-45 °, a bead height H = 0.05-0.15 mm, and a fillet R = 0.02-0.1 mm; and the round angle r = 0.02-0.1 mm.
When the material is selected specifically, the cathode frame and the anode frame can be made of PSU (polysulfone resin), PPS (polyphenylene sulfide), POM (polyoxymethylene), PA (polyamide) and other materials, and the processing technology is injection molding; the material of the metal separator 10 is typically titanium (TA 1 and TA 2) and the surface plating is typically metallic platinum.
Examples 2 to 3
Fig. 7 and 8 are extension cases based on embodiment 1. The present embodiment is adjusted in the form and structure of the sealing rib.
The cross section of the sealing convex rib in fig. 7 is a rounded rectangle, and the cross section of the sealing convex rib in fig. 8 is a circular arc. The width is 0.1-0.4 mm, and the height of the convex edge is 0.05-0.15 mm.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production unit structure with enhanced sealing is characterized by comprising an anode side sealing element, a cathode gas diffusion layer and a proton membrane (40);
the anode side seal comprises a metal separator, an anode side gasket (60), an anode frame (50);
the cathode side sealing element comprises a metal separator, a cathode side sealing gasket (20) and a cathode frame (30);
the proton membrane (40) is clamped between the anode frame (50) and the cathode frame (30);
the surfaces of the two sides of the anode frame (50) and the surfaces of the two sides of the cathode frame (30) are respectively provided with a plurality of circles of annular sealing convex edges.
2. The unit structure for producing hydrogen through water electrolysis with an enhanced sealing proton exchange membrane according to claim 1, wherein a first anode frame sealing rib (52) is provided on one side of the anode frame (50), and the first anode frame sealing rib (52) abuts against the surface of the anode side sealing gasket (60).
3. The proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production unit structure for enhancing sealing according to claim 2, wherein a second anode frame sealing rib (51) is arranged on the other side of the anode frame (50), and the second anode frame sealing rib (51) abuts against the surface of the proton membrane (40).
4. The unit structure for producing hydrogen through water electrolysis with an enhanced sealing proton exchange membrane according to claim 1, wherein a first cathode frame sealing rib (33) is provided on one side of the cathode frame (30), and the first cathode frame sealing rib (33) abuts against the cathode side sealing gasket (20).
5. The proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production unit structure for enhancing sealing according to claim 4, wherein one side of the cathode frame (30) is provided with a second cathode frame sealing rib (32), and the second cathode frame sealing rib (32) abuts against the surface of the proton membrane (40).
6. The unit structure for producing hydrogen through water electrolysis with an enhanced sealing proton exchange membrane according to claim 1, wherein the sealing convex rib is a flat-top convex rib with a circular arc chamfer or an arc-surface top convex rib.
7. The proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production unit structure for enhancing sealing of claim 1, wherein the intervals between the annular sealing convex edges of each circle are equal, and the center interval between the adjacent convex edges is 0.5mm to 1.5mm.
8. The proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production unit structure for enhancing sealing of claim 1, wherein the width and height of each ring of annular sealing convex edge are equal, wherein the width is 0.1-0.1 mm, and the height is 0.05-0.15 mm.
9. The proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production unit structure for enhancing sealing according to claim 1, wherein the annular sealing ribs on the anode frame (50) and the cathode frame (30) are the same, and the central lines of the annular sealing ribs on all the anode frame (50) and the cathode frame (30) are coincident.
10. The proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production unit structure for enhancing sealing according to claim 1, wherein the material of the anode frame (50) and the cathode frame (30) is selected from one of PSU, PPS, POM and PA.
CN202211299050.5A 2022-10-24 2022-10-24 Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production unit structure with enhanced sealing Pending CN115584521A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211299050.5A CN115584521A (en) 2022-10-24 2022-10-24 Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production unit structure with enhanced sealing

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211299050.5A CN115584521A (en) 2022-10-24 2022-10-24 Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production unit structure with enhanced sealing

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115584521A true CN115584521A (en) 2023-01-10

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Country Status (1)

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