CN115584133A - Thermoplastic composition based on degradable biopolymer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Thermoplastic composition based on degradable biopolymer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115584133A CN115584133A CN202111033066.7A CN202111033066A CN115584133A CN 115584133 A CN115584133 A CN 115584133A CN 202111033066 A CN202111033066 A CN 202111033066A CN 115584133 A CN115584133 A CN 115584133A
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- thermoplastic composition
- polysaccharide
- protein
- degradable
- degradable biopolymer
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L89/00—Compositions of proteins; Compositions of derivatives thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/18—Plasticising macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C08L5/00—Compositions of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08L1/00 or C08L3/00
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L5/00—Compositions of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08L1/00 or C08L3/00
- C08L5/12—Agar or agar-agar, i.e. mixture of agarose and agaropectin; Derivatives thereof
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C08J2397/00—Characterised by the use of lignin-containing materials
- C08J2397/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermoplastic composition based on degradable biological polymer and a preparation method and application thereof, which is mainly prepared by taking at least one first polysaccharide as one of raw materials, and at least one second polysaccharide and/or protein different from the first polysaccharide for thickening, mixing with other raw materials, heating and cooking; the first polysaccharide, the second polysaccharide and the protein are selected from a gel-forming hydrocolloid group or a hydrocolloid group as a thickening agent; the raw materials also comprise biological waste, humectant and water. The thermoplastic compound provided by the invention has excellent practicability, such as strong acid resistance, good dimensional stability, good elasticity, hard texture and high heat resistance, and can be used for manufacturing products such as films, molded parts and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a thermoplastic composition based on a biodegradable water-soluble biopolymer, and to a process for producing such a composition. The composition material is useful as a starting material for the production of products such as films and molded parts.
Background
Plastics based on crude oil, such as those made from polyethylene terephthalate or polystyrene or polyethylene and polypropylene, present environmental problems. After use, such plastics are often difficult to handle and cause considerable pollution during handling, resulting in enormous costs both economically and ecologically. Biodegradable plastics are therefore becoming increasingly popular from the point of view of environmental compatibility. The advantages are that the degradation process does not require special treatment, and can be regenerated and recycled without limitation.
More and more bioplastics are recently produced from various raw materials, for example from vegetable starches such as potato, corn, sugar beet, rye, wheat, etc., or also from gelatin. According to the state of the art, thermoplastic compositions made from biopolymers are used for the production of molded parts, in particular soft capsules in the pharmaceutical sector, and for the production of materials, packaging and molded parts.
For example, EP2108677 A1 discloses the production of starch-containing strip-shaped product materials by melt technology for the production of soft capsules. According to this document, a thermoplastic composition is described consisting of 30-60% (weight percent) dry matter of natural or chemically modified starch, up to 11% (weight percent) dry matter of at least one biopolymer selected from carrageenan or another polysaccharide/protein, which further contains at least one plasticizer and up to 20% (weight percent) water.
Another document EP 0389700 A1 likewise discloses a thermoplastic composition as a raw material for the production of pharmaceuticals, chemicals, cosmetics, foodstuffs, etc., which is based on agar. According to this document, additives which may be used include plasticizers such as glycerin and sorbitol, preservatives such as ethyl benzoate, stabilizers, perfumes, and colorants.
According to DE19729268A1, a thermoplastic composition based on biopolymers, preferably starch, for producing biodegradable materials is disclosed. Lignin components may be added to improve its physical properties.
For example, DE102013005628A1 also describes a thermoplastic material based on agar as a biopolymer as a replacement for petroleum-based plastics. According to this document, organic materials and inorganic materials are used for the material.
Disclosure of Invention
The plastic material described in this document consists of sulphur, agar, benzoic acid and water. This mixture is heated and poured into molds and then dried. The products produced according to this process are insoluble in water, very rigid and do not have flexibility or deformability. On the basis of this prior art, the present invention now has for its object to provide a thermoplastic composition based on biodegradable, water-soluble biopolymers, and a process for its preparation, which can be used as starting material for the production of products such as films and moldings, which are completely environmentally friendly and have good physical and chemical properties and, if desired, also elastic properties.
The thermoplastic composition based on degradable biopolymer provided according to the present invention has a wide range of applications, and can be used for producing various products, in particular for producing films, net-like materials, and also for producing articles of clothing, such as shirts, T-shirts, tops, shorts, pants, or fashion accessories, such as bags, handbags, backpacks, purses, earrings, necklaces, bracelets, pendant, etc., and for producing home decorations, such as lamp covers, wall decorations, table mats, vases or office supplies, storage containers, and various types of packaging, packaging boxes, etc. The products produced using the materials of the present invention are environmentally friendly and have stable chemical and physical properties over a long period of time.
The invention provides a thermoplastic composition based on degradable biological polymers, which is mainly prepared by taking at least one first polysaccharide as one of raw materials, and mixing, heating and cooking at least one second polysaccharide and/or protein which is different from the first polysaccharide and is used for thickening with other raw materials; the first polysaccharide, the second polysaccharide, the protein are selected from the group of hydrocolloids forming a gel or from the group of hydrocolloids acting as a thickener; the raw materials also comprise biological waste, humectant and water. The amount of water is sufficient to dissolve the soluble components (first polysaccharide, second polysaccharide, humectant).
According to the invention, at least one of the thermoplastic compositions is selected from the group of gel-forming hydrocolloids. The other added hydrocolloids are also selected from the group of hydrocolloids forming a gel or from the group of hydrocolloids used as a thickener or consist of both groups of hydrocolloids. This creates a special structure for the solidification of the thermoplastic component.
Gel-forming hydrocolloids selected from polysaccharides form viscous gels upon dispersion in water. The hydrocolloid has high affinity and can be combined with water molecules due to a large amount of hydroxyl groups. Gel formation is achieved by physical linkage of polymer chains, by hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions or charge interactions. The dispersed polymer segments form a three-dimensional network through these actions, with the connection points between the polymer segments, and the solvent is trapped in the interstices of the network. The stability of the network and thus of the gel depends inter alia on the number of attachment points and the number of hydrogen bonds formed or between molecules. Fig. 1 presented from n.russ, a graduation paper of 2013 (IMESON, 2009) shows the gel mechanism of agarose after heating.
The polymer clusters which are initially arranged in a dispersed way are firstly combined to form a spiral structure after cooling, and then are further cooled and gathered to form a network structure. Therefore, cluster formation is critical for gelation (SAHA & BHATTACHARYA, 2010). The mechanical properties of the finally obtained gel depend on the number of links formed between the molecules present therein and on the flexibility of the segments. The gel-forming hydrocolloids of all polysaccharides selected according to the invention have a gel-forming ability based on the connection or cross-linking of polymer chains to form a three-dimensional network. According to the invention, hydrocolloids which can form gels, such as agar, kappa-carrageenan, iota-carrageenan, alginates (e.g. sodium alginate), gellan gum, pectin or mixtures of these hydrocolloids, can be used as the first polysaccharide or the second polysaccharide.
According to the invention, agar is mainly chosen as the first polysaccharide. The agar comprises agarose and agar pectin as main components. Agarose is a polysaccharide of linked D-galactose, 3, 6-anhydro-L-galactose and uronic acid. Agar is characterized by extremely large thermal hysteresis, large difference between the gel point and the melting point, and gelation at 35-40 ℃. The solid gel must be heated to a temperature of 75-95 deg.C to melt and form a solution (STEPHEN, PHILIPS, & WILLIAMS, 2006), corresponding to a retention range of 40-60 deg.C. Meanwhile, agarose is a strong gel former, and a solid gel can be formed only by using a 1% solution.
In the present invention, agar may be replaced with other algal polysaccharides, such as alginate. Alginates, salts of alginic acid, are present in the cell walls and intercellular mucilaginoses of brown algae, and also in some bacteria such as mucocapsular pseudomonas and azotobacter.
In addition to the hydrocolloid agar which forms a gel, one or more polysaccharides or proteins are added to the composition according to the invention for thickening the composition. The second polysaccharide used for thickening herein may be a natural gum (e.g., xanthan gum, gum arabic, guar gum, or the like), or a polysaccharide derived from a plant (e.g., locust bean gum, carob, or the like), or the like; the protein for thickening can be vegetable protein from rice, corn, barley, potato, wheat, oat, pea, buckwheat, etc. or animal protein from skin, bone, connective tissue of cow, pig and fish, such as gelatin, collagen, etc. The thickening effect is based on non-specific entanglement of the disordered polymer chains. By mixing different types of hydrocolloids, the material properties can be adjusted.
In order to further produce a bioplastic having very good chemical, mechanical and thermal properties, it is proposed according to the invention to selectively incorporate into the formulation one or more biological wastes from bananas, oranges or soybeans (for example banana peels, or orange peels, bean product residues).
These biowastes are characterized by high contents of cellulose, hemicellulose, sugars and proteins and by containing, among other components, a large number of different cations, if gums and tannins. Table 1 is a table from international journal of food, wherein the components of banana peels at different maturity stages I to V are expressed in weight percentage on a dry matter basis.
TABLE 1 ingredients of banana peels at different maturity stages I to V
Orange peel was reported to have a cellulose content of 310 + -2 g/kg, a lignin content of 11 + -2 g/kg, a pectin content of 110 + -3 kg, and a pectin content of 1 kg, according to the paper of the formulation of the dietary banana peel at variations stages, prernaKhawas & SankarChadradeka,2016, international Journal of Food Properties For the example, for the chemical analysis of the orange peel, the pectin by Riva b, torrado and others in J age Food chem.2008, in which orange peel was chemically analyzed in the literature and its cellulose content was 9.5%, hemicellulose content was 10.5%, and pectin content was 42%. Another way in the literature is that the content of soybean waste is 5.5% cellulose, 12% hemicellulose, 11.5% lignin and 0.2% phytic acid (O' Toole, 2004).
In particular, such solid components in the biological waste improve the physical properties of the products manufactured from the thermoplastic composition according to the invention, without embrittlement of the solidified gel, obtaining a particular strength and a corresponding appearance. Furthermore, the biological waste still contains starch components, which also have a positive effect on its thermal, chemical and physical properties. The total sugar content of the banana peel is 1.76-4.09% according to different maturity degrees, while the sugar content of the orange peel is much higher and is 16.6%, and the sugar content of the soybean waste is 4%. The sugar content of the biowaste present in the composition according to the invention also strongly influences the gelling behaviour of the hydrocolloids. The addition of sugar can increase the gel strength. In the literature, agarose is taken as an example, which explains the increased attachment point between the hydroxyl groups of the saccharide and agarose due to hydrogen bonding. Citation paper Russ,2013: "DESZCZYNSKI ET AL. Or NORMAND ET AL. (DESZCZYNSKI, KASAPIS, MACNAUGHTON, & MITCHELL,2003, DESZCZYNSKI, KASAPIS, & MITCHELL,2003 NORMAND, AYMARD, LOOTENS, AMICI, PLUCKNETT, & FRITH, 2003), the change in mechanical properties of agarose gels under the influence of sugars was mainly studied. They observed an increase in the elastic and viscous moduli with increasing sugar concentration, which was inferred from the supporting effect of the formation of the sugar in the helical structure and in the linking region. They believe that the sugars stabilize the intermolecular interactions and thus form a network. MAURER ET al. (MAURER, JUNGHANS, & vilgilis, 2012) it can be shown by rheological studies that the elastic fraction of the agarose gel increases when the amount of sugar added reaches 40% w/w, whereas structural collapse occurs when it exceeds 60% w/w.
The biological waste used has an additional protein content. For example, the protein content in dried banana peels is between 6.12 and 9.87 wt% (Prerna Khawas & Sankar Chadra Deka,2016, international Journal of Food Properties) and the protein content of soybean waste (Dinkar B. Kamble, 1 month 2020) is between 24.5 and 37.5g/100 g. The protein content of orange peel is reported to be 1g/100g. In addition to the above-mentioned components, the biological waste used also has corresponding potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron, zinc, manganese, copper and the like ions, which also have a favourable effect on the properties of the gel in solution. For example, according to the analysis of banana peel by Prerna Khawas & Sankar Chadra Deka (2016, international Journal of Food Properties), the amount of potassium in banana peel is very high, ranging from 35025.81 to 47869.09 mg/kg, followed by phosphorus, 2831.58 to 4321.88 mg/kg, calcium 1429.30 to 2189.67 mg/kg, magnesium 1381.23 to 2140.38 mg/kg, sodium 365.23 to 653.85 mg/kg, iron 18.69 to 30.32 mg/kg, zinc 16.47 to 22.93 mg/kg, manganese up to 15.96 mg/kg, and copper up to 1.14 mg/kg.
In addition to the already present volatile component water, another permanent humectant is added to the thermoplastic composition according to the invention, wherein, for environmental reasons, an agent selected from food additives, such as glycerol or sorbitol or maltitol, is added. Other additives such as softening agent can be optionally added. The softener is Triacetin (Triacetin), triethyl citrate (TEC), acetyl triethyl citrate (ATEC), tributyl citrate (TBC), acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC), tri (2-ethylhexyl) citrate, acetyl trioctyl citrate, trihexyl citrate (THC), acetyl trihexyl citrate (ATHC), o-butyryl trihexyl citrate (BTHC), epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO or ESO), epoxidized Linseed Oil (ELO) or the like.
According to the invention, the thermoplastic composition further comprises a dye, the dye material used preferably being a natural dye, such as: natural Indigo (Indigo), shellac (laceye), carmine (cochinal extract), chlorophyll extract (Chlorophyllin extract), luteolin extract (Resedaweld extract), madder extract (Madderextract), raw wood or sappan wood extract (Logwood extract), cotinus coggygria saw, turmeric (Curcuma longa l.), gallnut (Rhus chinensis mill mil.), phellodendron amurense Schneid, sophora japonica (sophorae flower), pomegranate rind (Punica grantum l.), and the like.
According to the present invention, a water-repellent coating is applied to the surface of the thermoplastic composition finally obtained. In a preferred embodiment, the resulting thermoplastic composition is surface coated with tung oil (resins)
) As a water-repellent coating.
The thermoplastic composition according to the present invention is characterized by excellent practical properties such as high acid resistance, good dimensional stability, good elasticity and hard texture.
According to the invention, the thermoplastic composition based on degradable biopolymer comprises 0.1-30% by weight of the first polysaccharide, 0.1-30% by weight of the second polysaccharide and/or protein, 0.1-30% by weight of biowaste, 0.1-30% by weight of humectant and 50-80% by weight of water. Softening agents in an amount of 0.1% to 30% by weight may also be added to the thermoplastic composition. Additional additives, such as natural dyes in an amount of 0.1% to 10% by weight, may also be added to the thermoplastic composition.
Further, in a preferred implementation, the thermoplastic composition based on degradable biopolymer comprises 5-11% by weight of the first polysaccharide, 5-10% by weight of the second polysaccharide and/or protein, 5-11% by weight of biological waste, 2-10% by weight of humectant and 60-80% by weight of water. Softeners may also be added to the thermoplastic composition in an amount of 1% to 6% by weight. Additional additives may also be added to the thermoplastic composition, such as natural dyes in amounts up to about 0.5% to about 1% by weight.
According to the invention, the preparation process of the thermoplastic composition based on degradable biopolymer is as follows: the raw materials are first mixed at 18 ℃ to 28 ℃, then pre-dissolved with stirring at 40 ℃ to 55 ℃ for 3 to 5 minutes, then stirred at 75 ℃ to 100 ℃ until completely dissolved, and then formed into the desired pattern. In a preferred implementation, the softening agent is added while the temperature is raised to 75 ℃ to 100 ℃; stirring and heating at 75-100 deg.c for at least one minute.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the gel mechanism of agarose.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples, it should be noted that the examples are only for the purpose of further illustration, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and that those skilled in the art can make insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the present invention based on the above disclosure.
The preparation of the biodegradable thermoplastic compositions according to the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1:
28g of agar, 28g of gelatin, 28g of glycerin and 45g of banana peel were prepared, added to 400g of water and subjected to mixing treatment at a temperature of 25 ℃. The composition was heated to 50 ℃ for 3 minutes to pre-dissolve the material, then warmed to about 100 ℃ and 5g of glyceryl triacetate added for 2 minutes. Then 5g of lac dye was added and stirred well, cooled to 50 ℃ and maintained for 2 minutes. Finally, the composition is uniformly poured into a suitable mold at 25 ℃ at room temperature and dried. After the composition has dried completely, a leather or plastic-like material is obtained. Finally, evenly smearing 3g of tung oil (Reines) on the surface of the material
from
) As a waterproof protective coating for the material.
The resulting product was numbered 1 and used for the mechanical properties testing in table 2.
Example 2:
14g of agar, 28g of gelatin, 28g of glycerin and 28g of banana peel were prepared, added to 400g of water and subjected to a mixing treatment at a temperature of 25 ℃. The composition was heated to 50 ℃ for 3 minutes to pre-dissolve the material, then warmed to about 100 ℃ and 5g of acetyl triethyl citrate was added for 2 minutes. Then adding 5g of chlorophyll extract dye, stirring uniformly, cooling to 50 ℃ and maintaining for 2 minutes. Finally, the composition is uniformly poured into a suitable mold at 25 ℃ at room temperature and dried. After the composition has dried completely, a leather or plastic-like material is obtained. Finally, 3g of tung oil (Reines) is uniformly smeared on the surface of the material
from
) As a waterproof protective coating for the material.
The resulting product was numbered 2 and used for the mechanical properties testing in table 2.
Example 3:
agar 56g, gelatin 28g, glycerin 28g, and orange peel 28g were prepared, and added to 400g of water and mixed at 25 ℃. The composition was heated to 50 ℃ for 4 minutes to pre-dissolve the material, then warmed to about 100 ℃ and 10g of tributyl citrate added for 2 minutes. Then 5g of hematoxylin extract dye was added and stirred uniformly, and the temperature was reduced to 50 ℃ and maintained for 2 minutes. Finally, the composition is uniformly poured into a suitable mold at 25 ℃ at room temperature and dried. After the composition has completely dried, a leather or plastic-like material is obtained. Finally, 3g of tung oil (Reines) is uniformly smeared on the surface of the material
from 
) As a waterproof protective coating for the material.
The resulting product was numbered 3 and used for the mechanical properties testing in table 2.
Example 4:
28g of agar, 56g of gelatin, 28g of glycerol and 60g of orange peel are prepared, added to 400g of water and mixed at a temperature of 25 ℃. The composition was heated to 50 ℃ for 5 minutes to pre-dissolve the material, then warmed to about 100 ℃ and 10g of acetyl trihexyl citrate was added for 2 minutes. Then 5g of turmeric dye was added and stirred well, cooled to 50 ℃ and maintained for 2 minutes. Finally, the composition is uniformly poured into a suitable mold at 25 ℃ at room temperature and dried. After the composition has dried completely, a leather or plastic-like material is obtained. Finally, 3g of tung oil (Reines) is uniformly smeared on the surface of the material
from 
) As a waterproof protective coating for the material.
The product obtained is numbered 4 and is used for the mechanical properties tests in table 2.
Example 5:
28g of agar, 28g of gelatin, 56g of glycerin and 60g of bean product residue were prepared, and the obtained mixture was added to 400g of water and mixed at 25 ℃. The composition was heated to 50 ℃ for 4 minutes to pre-dissolve the material, then warmed to about 100 ℃ and 28g of acetyl trioctyl citrate was added for 2 minutes. Then 5g of phellodendron dye is added and stirred evenly, and the temperature is reduced to 50 ℃ and maintained for 2 minutes. Finally, the composition is uniformly poured into a suitable mold at 25 ℃ at room temperature and dried. After the composition has completely dried, a leather or plastic-like material is obtained. Finally, evenly coating 3 on the surface of the materialg tung oil (Reines)
from
) As a waterproof protective coating for the material.
The resulting product was numbered 5 and used for the mechanical properties testing in table 2.
Example 6:
28g of agar, 14g of gelatin, 28g of glycerin and 45g of bean product residue were prepared, added to 400g of water and mixed at a temperature of 25 ℃. The composition was heated to 50 ℃ for 3 minutes to pre-dissolve the material, then warmed to about 100 ℃ and 5g of acetyl tributyl citrate added for 2 minutes. Then 5g of carmine dye was added and stirred well, cooled to 50 ℃ and maintained for 2 minutes. Finally, the composition is uniformly poured into a suitable mold at 25 ℃ at room temperature and dried. After the composition has completely dried, a leather or plastic-like material is obtained. Finally, evenly smearing 3g of tung oil (Reines) on the surface of the material
from
) As a waterproof protective coating for the material.
The resulting product was numbered 6 and used for the mechanical properties testing in table 2.
Example 7:
28g of agar, 28g of gelatin, 14g of glycerol and 28g of orange peel are prepared, added to 400g of water and mixed at a temperature of 25 ℃. The composition was heated to 50 ℃ for 3 minutes to pre-dissolve the material, then warmed to about 100 ℃ and 28g of tris (2-ethylhexyl) citrate was added for 2 minutes. Subsequently, 5g of indigo dye was added and stirred well, cooled to 50 ℃ and maintained for 2 minutes. Finally, the composition is uniformly poured into a suitable mold at 25 ℃ at room temperature and dried. After the composition has dried completely, a leather or plastic-like material is obtained. Finally atUniformly coating 3g of tung oil (Reines) on the surface of the material
from
) As a waterproof protective coating for the material.
The resulting product was numbered 7 and used for the mechanical properties testing in table 2.
Example 8:
28g of agar, 28g of gelatin, 28g of glycerin and 60g of banana peel were prepared, added to 400g of water and subjected to mixing treatment at a temperature of 25 ℃. The composition was heated to 50 ℃ for 4 minutes to pre-dissolve the material, then warmed to about 100 ℃ and 28g of trihexyl ortho-butyryl citrate was added for 2 minutes. Subsequently, 5g of indigo dye was added and stirred well, cooled to 50 ℃ and maintained for 2 minutes. Finally, the composition is uniformly poured into a suitable mold at 25 ℃ at room temperature and dried. After the composition has dried completely, a leather or plastic-like material is obtained. Finally, 3g of tung oil (Reines) is uniformly smeared on the surface of the material
from 
) As a waterproof protective coating for the material.
The resulting product was numbered 8 and used for the mechanical properties testing in table 2.
Example 9:
32g of sodium alginate, 32g of gelatin, 32g of glycerin and 32g of bean product residues are prepared, added to 400g of water and mixed at a temperature of 25 ℃. The composition was heated to 50 ℃ for 4 minutes to pre-dissolve the material, then warmed to about 100 ℃ and 28g of epoxidized soybean oil added for 2 minutes. Then 5g of sophora flower dye is added and stirred evenly, and the temperature is reduced to 50 ℃ and maintained for 2 minutes. Finally, the composition is uniformly poured into a suitable mold at 25 ℃ at room temperature and dried. After the composition has dried completely, leather orA plastic-like material. Finally, evenly smearing 3g of tung oil (Reines) on the surface of the material
from 
) As a waterproof protective coating for the material.
Example 10:
preparing 64g of sodium alginate, 32g of gelatin, 32g of glycerol and 64g of orange peel, adding the mixture into 400g of water, and mixing at the temperature of 25 ℃. The composition was heated to 50 ℃ for 5 minutes to pre-dissolve the material, then warmed to about 100 ℃ and 28g of epoxy linseed oil was added for 2 minutes. Then 5g of pomegranate rind dye is added and stirred evenly, and the temperature is reduced to 50 ℃ and maintained for 2 minutes. Finally, the composition is uniformly poured into a suitable mold at 25 ℃ at room temperature and dried. After the composition has dried completely, a leather or plastic-like material is obtained. Finally, 3g of tung oil (Reines) is uniformly smeared on the surface of the material
from
) As a waterproof protective coating for the material.
The results of the mechanical property tests of the final products prepared in examples 1 to 8 above are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 mechanical properties test results of the materials of examples 1 to 8
Claims (15)
1. A thermoplastic composition based on degradable biopolymers, characterized in that it is obtained by mixing, heating and cooking at least one first polysaccharide as one of the raw materials, and at least one second polysaccharide and/or protein different from the first polysaccharide for thickening; the first polysaccharide, the second polysaccharide, the protein are selected from the group of hydrocolloids forming a gel or from the group of hydrocolloids acting as a thickener; the raw materials also comprise biological waste, humectant and water.
2. The degradable biopolymer based thermoplastic composition according to claim 1, characterized in that mainly hydrocolloid agar, kappa carrageenan, iota carrageenan, alginates, gelling agents, pectins or mixtures of these hydrocolloids are used as the set of hydrocolloids forming the gel.
3. The thermoplastic composition based on degradable biopolymer according to claim 1, wherein the second polysaccharide for thickening is mainly selected from the group consisting of natural gum, plant polysaccharide; the protein used for thickening is derived from vegetable protein and/or animal protein.
4. The degradable biopolymer based thermoplastic composition of claim 3, wherein the natural gum is xanthan gum, arabic gum or guar gum; the plant is locust bean gum or carob; the vegetable protein is protein from rice, potato, wheat, oat, buckwheat, barley, pea or corn; the animal protein is derived from skin, bone and connective tissue of cattle, pig and fish.
5. The degradable biopolymer based thermoplastic composition of claim 4, wherein the animal protein is gelatin or collagen.
6. The thermoplastic composition based on degradable biopolymer according to claim 1, characterized in that the bio-waste is mainly banana peel, or orange peel, or bean product residue, or a mixture thereof.
7. The thermoplastic composition based on degradable biopolymer according to claim 1, characterized in that an agent approved as food additive is added as humectant.
8. The degradable biopolymer composition of claim 7, wherein the humectant is glycerin, sorbitol, or maltitol.
9. The thermoplastic composition based on degradable biopolymer according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermoplastic composition further comprises a softening agent; the softener is triacetin, triethyl citrate, acetyl triethyl citrate, tributyl citrate, acetyl tributyl citrate, tri (2-ethylhexyl) citrate, acetyl trioctyl citrate, trihexyl citrate, acetyl trihexyl citrate, o-butyryl trihexyl citrate, epoxidized soybean oil or epoxidized linseed oil.
10. The degradable biopolymer based thermoplastic composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the thermoplastic composition comprises 0.1-30% by weight of the first polysaccharide, 0.1-30% by weight of the second polysaccharide and/or protein, 0.1-30% by weight of the biological waste, 0.1-30% by weight of the humectant and 50-80% by weight of water.
11. The thermoplastic composition based on degradable biopolymer according to claim 10, characterized in that 0.1% -30% by weight of softener is added to the thermoplastic composition.
12. The degradable biopolymer composition of claim 1, further comprising a natural dye in the thermoplastic composition.
13. The thermoplastic composition based on degradable biopolymer of claim 1 is characterized in that a waterproof coating is coated on the surface of the final composition.
14. The process for preparing the thermoplastic composition based on degradable biopolymer of any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the raw materials are first mixed at 18 to 28 ℃, then pre-dissolved with stirring at 40 to 55 ℃ for 3-5min, then stirred at 75 to 100 ℃ to be completely dissolved, and then formed into a desired pattern.
15. Use of the degradable biopolymer based thermoplastic composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13 for the manufacture of films and molded articles.
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