CN115583180A - Method for suppressing arcing overvoltage and excessive phase-splitting VCB operation overvoltage - Google Patents
Method for suppressing arcing overvoltage and excessive phase-splitting VCB operation overvoltage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for suppressing an arcing overvoltage and an excessive split-phase VCB (voltage-controlled bus) operation overvoltage, which comprises the following steps: based on the operation logic of an ATP automatic neutral section passing system, a pre-preparation signal is sent to a vehicle-mounted ATP control system before a train passes through an insulation section or a neutral section, the train sends enable signals of different working conditions according to corresponding signals and simultaneously starts to receive an operation position signal sent by a ground sensor at the next position, after the operation position signal is received, the train selects a proper phase according to the train speed and other running information read by the ATP system to replace the grounding mode of the train, after the train passes through the insulation section or an electric neutral section, the original grounding mode is recovered after a ground brake separating signal is received, and the train recovers normal running. The invention effectively protects the grounding system from the influence of over-current impact under different working conditions, reduces the maintenance cost and has strong applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electrified rail transit, and particularly relates to a method for suppressing an arcing overvoltage and an excessive split-phase VCB (vertical control bus) operation overvoltage.
Background
Because the power supply system of the high-speed railway adopts a split-phase power supply mode, in actual operation, in order to avoid the problem of load-carrying split-phase, a vehicle-mounted Vacuum Circuit Breaker (VCB) can carry out frequent on-off and on-off operations. During operation of the VCB, magnetic and electrical fields stored in the capacitive and inductive components in the traction power supply circuit are rapidly converted into each other, and electromagnetic oscillations are formed, which cause an operating overvoltage surge in the traction power supply circuit several times the rated voltage. When the circuit breaker is operated, on one hand, because the high-voltage component of the traction power supply system is in a working state, the operation overvoltage can be propagated in the traction system, so that the high-voltage component electrically connected with the circuit breaker is impacted by the operation overvoltage, the insulation aging of the high-voltage component on the roof is accelerated, and in a serious condition, the problems of insulation flashover, breakdown and the like are even caused. On the other hand, when the vehicle-mounted VCB circuit breaker operates, the operation overvoltage is coupled to the vehicle body through the ways of grounding of a high-voltage cable, distributed capacitance of high-voltage equipment and the like to form high-amplitude surge overvoltage, and the vehicle body is a public ground of the vehicle-mounted weak-current equipment, so that the vehicle-mounted surge overvoltage can influence the normal work of the weak-current equipment such as a vehicle-mounted speed sensor and a smoke alarm, even cause disorder of a communication control system in severe cases, and bring huge hidden dangers to the safe and stable operation of a high-speed motor train unit. During the excessive phase separation, if the over-current is leaked in a concentrated mode at the working ground, the influence on grounding equipment such as a grounding carbon brush and the like can be caused, and the maintenance cost is increased, so that the uniform distribution of the grounding current and the prevention of the over-voltage over-current caused by the change of the circuit structure to the impact protection of the traction transformer are very important.
In order to realize the transmission and separation of the strong and weak electric signals of the steel rail, insulating sections are arranged on the steel rail every 1.5km or so to isolate adjacent rail sections, so that the stable and reliable transmission of train occupation signals is realized, and the isolated rail sections at the two ends of each insulating section are communicated through a choke transformer to ensure smooth grounding backflow. In order to adapt to the line working condition of China, the high-speed train in China adopts a multi-wheel-pair distributed mobile grounding mode which is different from a foreign centralized grounding mode. In the operation process, the ' vehicle-rail ' mobile grounding backflow abnormality occurs when the grounding wheel passes through the insulation section, so that rolling arcing between the ' wheels and the rails is frequently generated, the insulation section is ablated and carbonized due to electric arcs, faults such as track circuit series connection, code string, vehicle occupation signal mistransmission and the like are caused, misjudgment occurs in line operation control, and the driving safety is seriously threatened. Because the work grounding current is always larger than 300A in total, if only the work grounding leakage traction current exists, the high-intensity arcing is always generated when the insulation section is crossed, the insulation section is damaged, and the train occupation signal is caused to break down, so that the normal operation of the train line is influenced. Because the development of the electrified passenger train in China is very rapid, the running speed and the running density of the electrified passenger train are increased, the maintenance cost of train running equipment is increased due to frequent over-insulation and arc-saving phenomena and over-current and over-voltage impact caused by over-phase operation VCB, and the related safety problems caused by untimely maintenance and the like are easily caused under the condition of limited resources. Aiming at the phenomenon, the operation logic of the ATP automatic neutral section passing system of the current train is utilized, the wireless sensing communication technology is combined, a pre-preparation signal is sent to the train through the RBC and the ground responder before the train passes through an insulation section and a neutral section, the train passing signal and the running condition of the train judge the working condition to enter, and therefore the corresponding execution logic is selected. The train selects a proper phase to execute switching grounding mode according to the running condition after receiving an operation signal sent by a ground sensor, traction current is drained through non-drainage channels of front and rear trains, and a current signal at the output end of a traction transformer is detected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the over-voltage and over-current generated by the wheel-rail arc during the current high-frequency over-insulation period and the over-voltage and over-current generated by the VCB operation during the train passing neutral section, the invention provides a method for inhibiting the over-voltage and over-phase over-VCB operation, in order to prevent the over-voltage and over-current generated by the wheel-rail arc during the current high-frequency over-insulation period from damaging the insulation section and causing the fault of a train occupation signal so as to influence the normal operation of a train line and the loss of grounding equipment such as a grounding carbon brush caused by the over-voltage and over-current generated by the VCB operation and the circuit structure change during the over-neutral section, reduce the maintenance cost of the line equipment and improve the safety, the stability and the reliability of the train operation.
The invention relies on the operation logic of the existing ATP automatic passing neutral section system, before the train passes through an insulation section or passing neutral section, the train sends a pre-preparation signal to a vehicle-mounted ATP control system, the train sends enable signals of different working conditions according to corresponding signals and simultaneously starts to receive an operation position signal sent by a next position ground sensor, after receiving the operation position signal, the train selects a proper phase to replace the grounding mode of the train according to the train speed and other operation information read by the ATP system, the phenomena of arcing or equipment impact and the like caused by overvoltage generated when the train passes through the insulation section or passing neutral section operation VCB operation are prevented, the original grounding mode is recovered after the train passes through the insulation section or passing neutral section and receives a ground brake separating signal, and the train recovers normal operation.
The invention relates to a method for suppressing an arcing overvoltage and a passing neutral section VCB operation overvoltage, which is characterized in that ground transponders are arranged at different positions of a train before passing neutral section or an insulating section. When a train passes through an insulating section or a neutral section VCB, an RBC radio block center sends a forecast signal, the train receives the forecast signal through a roof antenna system, judges the working condition of the train by combining a ground position signal sent by a ground transponder, sends an operation enabling signal under the corresponding working condition to a PLC control system, simultaneously starts to read the running information of the train and the phase of traction current and voltage in real time, and starts to calculate the optimal closing time when the train passes through the working condition.
After the train executes the pre-preparation operation, the ground signal receiver starts to receive the operation position signal sent by the ground transponder, after the operation position signal sent by the ground transponder is received, the switching enabling signal is sent to the PLC control system according to the optimal closing time calculated in the pre-preparation stage, the PLC system sends a control signal to the DAC0832 digital-to-analog conversion circuit after processing, the control signal is converted into an analog quantity current signal, and the analog quantity current signal is sent to the relay driving circuit to close the corresponding switch so as to conduct the drainage channel of the front train and the rear train.
The train grounding mode is changed while a control signal is sent to conduct the relay driving circuit connected with the lightning arrester at the tail end of the transformer to discharge the over-current, so that the impact influence of current oscillation generated by the change of the circuit structure on the traction transformer is reduced, and the impact influence of the over-current generated in the subsequent stroke on the traction transformer is reduced.
The method comprises the steps that a brake separating allowing signal is sent to a PLC control system when a lightning arrester at the tail end of a traction transformer is conducted, a ground responder of a train starts to receive a train ground brake separating signal after the brake separating allowing signal is sent out, and the PLC control system can send out the pre-brake separating operation only after the brake separating allowing signal and the ground brake separating signal are received at the same time.
When the train starts to execute the pre-brake operation, the train running information and the traction current and voltage phase information detected by the ATP system are read, the overcurrent signal at the tail end of the transformer is detected by a current transformer at the tail end of the transformer, if the overcurrent signal is not detected, the PLC control system sends a control signal to the control signal to disconnect a relay driving circuit connected with the arrester at the tail end of the transformer, so that the service life of the arrester is prolonged, the maintenance cost is reduced, meanwhile, the train returns to normal operation, and the pre-preparation signal of the next working condition is detected.
The ground transponder is a device which sends corresponding information of passing phase sections to a vehicle before passing phase separation under the level of an automatic ATP passing phase separation system CTCS-2, and the information of passing phase sections is sent to a train by a radio block center through an antenna system at the top of the train under the level of CTCS-3.
Before the train enters a corresponding working condition, signals from the RBC and the first ground responder are received, the RBC signals send information such as the distance from a corresponding working condition road section to the train and road condition length to the train, the RBC signals have a larger coverage area compared with the ground responder, so that the train receives the signals from the RBC before arriving at the working condition road section, the train synchronously starts to monitor real-time running information of the train in real time through a speed sensor and other devices, when the train arrives at a corresponding position of the first ground responder, the ground responder signals are received, and the train judges the type of the front working condition according to the signals and calculates the optimal switch closing time before arriving at the working condition by combining the train speed information, traction current and voltage phase information and the like which are collected in advance. When the train receives an operation signal sent by a second ground transponder, a closing control enabling signal is sent to a PLC control system of the train according to the optimal closing time calculated in the pre-preparation stage, and the signal enables a switch controlled by a relay to be closed after passing through a digital-to-analog conversion and amplification driving circuit, so that a current leakage channel of a front train and a rear train is conducted, and corresponding overvoltage and overcurrent protection is conducted on a wheel rail electric arc and vehicle-mounted grounding equipment.
After the train receives the signal of the second ground transponder, the PLC control system sends out a control signal to control the conduction of a lightning arrester connected with the tail end of the traction transformer so as to prevent the influence of oscillation overvoltage overcurrent on the train traction transformer caused by the change of the circuit structure of the grounding system. In order to avoid the influence of overvoltage and overcurrent on a traction transformer caused by the fact that a train is opened after passing through a working condition due to the fact that the lightning arrester is not started successfully, an opening permission signal is sent to the PLC control system after the lightning arrester is conducted. The train receives a brake opening operation signal transmitted by a third ground transponder after passing through a working condition section, and simultaneously selects the optimal cut-off time to cut off according to the running information, the real-time current condition of the tail end of the transformer is monitored in real time after the cut-off, the connection between the tail end of the traction transformer and the lightning arrester is disconnected after the current is recovered to be normal, the service life of the lightning arrester is prolonged, the maintenance cost is reduced, and the train enters a normal running mode.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention carries out targeted protection against the wheel rail arc discharge phenomenon caused by larger large traction current cut-off when the train passes through the insulating section and the potential difference at the two sides of the insulating section. In the past, wheel-rail arcing generated when a train passes through an insulation section is mainly concentrated on protection in a station, related protection measures on a train running line are deficient, and along with the increase of the density degree of an electrified railway network and the running speed of the train, the arcing generated when the train passes through the insulation section during the running process on the train line can generate negative effects on a grounding system, a grounding carbon brush and the like of the train and accelerate the aging process of the grounding carbon brush, so that the train occupation signal fails to influence the normal operation of the train line, and overvoltage generated by arcing can impact vehicle-mounted equipment and a traction transformer of the train when the overvoltage generated by the arcing seriously damages the running safety of the train. The invention effectively reduces the leakage current of the working grounding wheel set by changing the grounding mode of the train, inhibits the influence of the arcing phenomenon generated by the large current of the working grounding wheel set on the train, and improves the stability and the reliability of the train operation.
2. The arcing and overvoltage and overcurrent protection technology of the invention adopts two different wireless signal transmission modes, and increases the problem of wrong execution of equipment caused by the fault of one signal transmission mode compared with a single signal transmission mode. The invention combines two devices, predicts the train in advance by using the characteristic of wide signal coverage range of RBC, reserves more sufficient preparation time for advanced operation, sends signals to the train by using the characteristic of more accurate positioning in a small range of the ground transponder, and combines the two signals to ensure that the train has more preparation calculation time before operation, thereby avoiding the impact of over-current and over-voltage on vehicle-mounted equipment caused by the fact that the train changes the circuit structure of the train at improper time due to insufficient preparation calculation. Compared with the traditional communication mode, the invention greatly improves the accuracy and the safety of the operation.
3. The invention sets up the arrester connected with drive relay circuit controlled by PLC control system at the end of the transformer, to the protection of the overvoltage and overcurrent produced when operating the train to change the grounding mode to the impact of the traction transformer, the relevant research at present lacks the protection of the overvoltage and overcurrent impact of the traction transformer produced after changing the grounding mode, the energy storage components such as capacitance and inductance in the circuit will produce high-frequency oscillation in the traction power supply loop when changing the grounding mode, thus produce the overcurrent, if deal with improper will produce the impact to the traction transformer and influence the normal running of the train, the more serious situation will also influence other trains through the contact net conduction and cause the enormous loss, adopt the protective measure of the invention can avoid the potential safety hazard that the above-mentioned situation exists effectively. Meanwhile, with the increase of the density of the electrified railway network in China, the maintenance cost of equipment is greatly improved, if corresponding control conduction measures are not adopted for a lightning arrester at the tail end of a transformer, a high-density train operation network can generate high maintenance cost, and the ageing and damage degree of the equipment can be effectively reduced and the safety and stability of the train in operation can be improved by adopting special working condition control measures.
4. The PLC control system is adopted to control the protection operation, compared with a simple single-chip microcomputer control system, the PLC control system has relatively high cost, but can have more flexible function adjustment aiming at different scene working conditions, the PLC focuses more on industrial application, and has perfect technical support for interference prevention, equipment interface, networking and modularization, so that the PLC control system is convenient and simple to use and has short development and design period. The obvious advantage of group lies in this kind of electromagnetic environment of electrified railway place very abominable, and PLC compares in the singlechip and has stronger interference killing feature, consequently adopts the PLC system to carry out the control operation can improve safeguard measure's precision and reliability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a train passing through a neutral section and an insulation burning-saving arc.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the main high-voltage and ATP passing phase control equipment of the train.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the function of suppressing the over-phase overvoltage and the over-insulation arcing-saving of the train.
FIG. 4 is a hardware schematic diagram of a system for suppressing the over-phase overvoltage and the over-insulation arcing saving of a train.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the control of the over-phase overvoltage and over-insulation arcing saving of the train.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a train grounding mode changing traction current leakage.
The reference numerals are to be interpreted: the system comprises 1-a traction substation, 2-a choke transformer, 3-an on-pole, 4-a contact network, 5-a traction motor, 6-split phase arcing, 7-a pantograph, 8-a traction transformer, 9-a steel rail, 10-a traction current bleed-off, 11-a return line, 12-a traction return flow, 13-a traction converter, 14-an insulating joint, 15-a wheel rail arcing through an insulating joint, 16-a neutral section, 17-a current transformer, 18-a voltage transformer, 19-a vacuum circuit breaker, 20-a vehicle management unit, 21-an execution split phase device, 22-an insulator, 23-a roof arrester, 24-vehicle ATP equipment, 25-a roof antenna system, 26-RBC wireless block center antenna, 27-a ground responder, 28-a speed sensor, 29-a ground signal receiver, 30-a PLC control system, 31-a relay switch driving circuit, 32-DAC0832 digital-analog conversion module, 33-a ground mode switch over anti-overcurrent impacter, 34-a ground mode switch pre-ground responder, 35-a ground mode switch sub-brake signal switch, 36-a ground switch pre-operation signal generation and an execution control module, 39-a lightning protection module.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The operating condition diagram of the train passing through the neutral section and the insulation section is shown in figure 1, the main high-voltage equipment on the roof is shown in figure 2, the train obtains electric energy from a contact network 4 through a pantograph 7, the electric energy comes from a traction substation 1, flows into a traction transformer 8 through equipment such as a current transformer 17, a voltage transformer 18, a roof arrester 23 and a vacuum short-circuit device 19 on the roof, finally is subjected to traction current discharge 10 to a steel rail through working grounding, and finally flows back to the traction substation. After the traction current is reduced by the traction transformer 8, the traction current is rectified, filtered and inverted by a traction converter on the secondary side, and then the traction current supplies electric energy to the traction motor 5 to drive the train to move. In order to feed the traction return 12 back to the traction substation 1, a closed path is provided for the transmission of the vehicle track occupancy signal. The steel rail 9 isolates communication signals at intervals by using insulating joints 14, then the communication signals are separated from traction backflow 12 by using a choke transformer 2, and the traction backflow is conveyed to a backflow line by using a suction line 3 to ensure that a traction loop of each section of the rail is smooth. Over-insulated wheel track arcing 15 occurs when a train passes a joint due to the cutting off of the traction current and the potential difference across the insulated joints. Because the neutral section 16 needs to isolate the electric appliances of the A and B adjacent power supply arms to prevent the occurrence of interphase short circuit and other conditions, the electric locomotive will disconnect the vacuum circuit breaker 19 when passing through the electric phase separation to avoid the impact damage of overvoltage to the train-mounted equipment, and the over-phase arcing 6 will be caused by the high-frequency oscillation of energy storage elements such as capacitors and resistors caused by the superposition of residual voltage and voltage on a contact network or the change of a circuit structure during the passing of the electric phase separation of the train, thereby generating overvoltage and overcurrent.
The invention relates to a method for suppressing an arcing overvoltage and an excessive split-phase VCB operation overvoltage, a system of which is shown in figure 4 and comprises the following parts: the device for transmitting the forecast signal before the train enters the working condition consists of an RBC wireless blocking central antenna 26, a ground mode switching pre-preparation ground responder 34, a ground signal receiver 29 and a roof antenna system 25, the device for controlling and monitoring the train protection measures consists of a vehicle-mounted ATP device 24, a ground mode switching ground responder 35 and a ground brake-separating signal generator 36, and the device for transmitting the train control signal consists of a PLC (programmable logic controller) control system 30, a DAC0832 digital-to-analog conversion module 32 and a relay switch driving circuit 31. The RBC line blocking central antenna 26 is used for transmitting information such as distance from a corresponding working condition road section to a train and road condition length, the ground mode switching pre-prepared ground responder 34 is used for judging the type of a front working condition by the train and calculating the optimal switch closing time before the train reaches the working condition by combining the train speed information and traction current voltage phase information which are collected in advance, the ground signal receiver 29 is used for receiving signals sent by the ground mode switching pre-prepared ground responder 34, the roof antenna system 25 is used for receiving the signals from the RBC, the vehicle-mounted ATP equipment 24 receives working condition interval information signals of the RBC and the ground responder according to corresponding operation logic when in a control mode, the position information of the real-time monitoring train and the speed information of the real-time monitoring train are used for monitoring the speed information of the train in real time through the speed sensor 28, the ground mode switching ground responder 35 is used for sending a ground mode switching permission signal to the train, and the train is switched in the optimal switching time calculated according to the position information and the speed information monitored by the ATP system after the permission signal is received. The PLC control system 30 is used for sending a control signal to control the turn-off of the relay switch according to an enable signal sent by the ATP system; the DAC0832 digital-to-analog conversion module 32 is configured to convert a digital control signal output by the PLC control system into an analog current signal; the relay switch driving circuit 31 is configured to amplify the analog current signal to a current signal suitable for the relay circuit, and turn off the relay driving switch to control the switching of the bleeding channel of the traction current.
The functional flow of the suppression method for the arcing overvoltage and the passing phase separation VCB operation overvoltage is shown in figure 3, the specific working mode is shown in figure 5, when a train is about to enter a corresponding working condition section, information such as the length and the distance of the working condition section transmitted by an RBC radio block antenna 26 is received through a roof antenna system 25, at the moment, a vehicle-mounted ATP device 24 starts to monitor the position information of the train in real time and acquire running speed information according to a speed sensor 28, and after a ground signal receiver 29 receives a signal from a ground mode switching pre-preparation ground responder 34, the type of the front working condition of the train is judged, and the optimal time for switching the ground mode of the train is calculated; after receiving a signal from the ground mode switching ground transponder 35, the train sends an analog quantity control signal of a relay drive circuit for controlling traction current by chip selection to the DAC0832 digital-to-analog conversion module 32 by the vehicle-mounted PLC control system 30 according to the optimal switching time calculated in the pre-preparation stage, the DAC0832 digital-to-analog conversion module 32 sends a converted analog quantity current signal from a DAC0832 digital-to-analog conversion chip connected to the relay switch drive circuit in the corresponding region according to the chip selection signal sent by the PLC, after receiving the control signal, the relay switch drive circuit 31, when a high level is input, the triode is in saturation conduction, the relay coil is electrified, the contact attraction switch is closed, at this time, the traction current is released to communicate with the front and rear trains, and the amplitude of the working ground traction current is reduced. When the train receives a signal from the ground mode switching ground transponder 35, after a period of time, the PLC controls the relay switch driving circuit 31 connected to the end of the transformer and controlling the on/off of the arrester 33 to be on in the same way, and over-current energy generated by high-frequency oscillation of energy storage elements such as an inductance capacitor in the circuit due to the switching of the ground mode is discharged through the device, and the traction current is discharged as shown in fig. 6, so that the influence on the traction transformer is reduced, and a brake-off allowing signal is sent to the PLC control system 30 after the relay driving arrester is on. After the train passes through the corresponding working condition interval, the ground signal receiver 29 receives a signal from the ground brake-separating signal generator component 36, and on the premise of receiving a brake-separating allowing signal, the train starts to perform brake-separating operation through the steps so as to recover the normal grounding drainage mode of the train. Meanwhile, the train starts to receive an overcurrent signal fed back by the current transformer 17 at the tail end of the transformer, and after the overcurrent signal disappears, the train controls the passage of the lightning arrester 33 at the tail end of the transformer to be disconnected through the PLC control system 30, and meanwhile, the train returns to normal operation.
Claims (2)
1. A method for suppressing the arcing overvoltage and the passing neutral section VCB operation overvoltage is characterized in that ground transponders are arranged at different positions of a train before the passing neutral section or the passing insulation section;
when a train passes through an insulating section or a split-phase VCB (virtual vehicle bus) operation, an RBC (radio block bus) radio block center sends a forecast signal, the train receives the forecast signal through a roof antenna system, judges the working condition of the train by combining a ground position signal sent by a ground transponder, sends an operation enabling signal under the corresponding working condition to a PLC (programmable logic controller) control system, simultaneously starts to read the running information of the train and the phase of traction current and voltage in real time, and starts to calculate the optimal closing time when the train passes through the working condition;
after the train executes the pre-preparation operation, the ground signal receiver starts to receive the operation position signal sent by the ground transponder, after receiving the operation position signal sent by the ground transponder, the ground signal receiver sends a switching enabling signal to the PLC control system according to the optimal closing time calculated in the pre-preparation stage, the PLC system sends a control signal to the DAC0832 digital-to-analog conversion circuit after processing, the control signal is converted into an analog quantity current signal, and the analog quantity current signal is sent to the relay driving circuit to close the corresponding switch so as to conduct the drainage channels of the front train and the rear train;
when the grounding mode of the train is changed, a control signal is sent out to conduct a relay driving circuit connected with the tail end of the transformer and the lightning arrester to discharge the over-current; the method comprises the steps that a brake separating allowing signal is sent to a PLC control system when a lightning arrester at the tail end of a traction transformer is conducted, a ground responder of a train starts to receive a ground brake separating signal of the train after the brake separating allowing signal is sent out, and the PLC control system sends out a signal for starting to execute pre-brake separating operation only after the brake separating allowing signal and the ground brake separating signal are received simultaneously;
when the train starts to execute the pre-brake operation, the train running information and the traction current and voltage phase information detected by the ATP system are read, the overcurrent signal at the tail end of the transformer is detected by a current transformer at the tail end of the transformer, if the overcurrent signal is not detected, the PLC control system sends a control signal to the control signal to disconnect a relay driving circuit connected with the lightning arrester at the tail end of the transformer, meanwhile, the train returns to normal operation, and the pre-preparation signal of the next working condition is detected.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the ground transponder is a device for transmitting information about the passing phase section to the train before passing the passing phase in the level of the ATP autopen-passing system CTCS-2, and transmitting information about the passing phase section to the train through an antenna system on the roof of the train in the level of CTCS-3.
Priority Applications (1)
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