CN115583086A - 一种轻质耐穿刺夹网布 - Google Patents

一种轻质耐穿刺夹网布 Download PDF

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CN115583086A
CN115583086A CN202211200389.5A CN202211200389A CN115583086A CN 115583086 A CN115583086 A CN 115583086A CN 202211200389 A CN202211200389 A CN 202211200389A CN 115583086 A CN115583086 A CN 115583086A
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fabric
puncture
resistant
layer
light
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张赶年
石正兵
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Zhongshan Laipu New Material Co ltd
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Zhongshan Laipu New Material Co ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2023/115695 priority patent/WO2024066874A1/zh
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种轻质耐穿刺夹网布，包括气密层，粘结层，织物纳米复合材料层，粘结层，气密层，其中织物纳米复合材料层采用基材复合剪切增稠流体而成，基材是涤纶、锦纶或者芳纶的平纹梭织布，经纬纱线的细度为400‑1000D，经向密度为20‑28根/英寸，纬向密度为22‑26.5根/英寸，紧密程度为46.3‑56％，织物纳米复合材料中剪切增稠流体的含量为10‑30wt％。本发明夹网布质轻，耐磨、防方水，有效防止刺穿，并且适用于大规模生产。

Description

一种轻质耐穿刺夹网布
技术领域
本发明涉及一种轻质耐穿刺夹网布。
背景技术
随着生活水平不断提升，户外露营已逐渐成为现代人娱乐、休闲生活的重要部分。充气式帐篷在户外露营时虽搭建方便，但其气柱以及帐篷主体使用的夹网布容易被尖锐的石子或树枝刺破。因此耐穿刺的材料对于充气帐篷十分重要。
现有的耐穿刺材料主要是玻纤、超高分子量聚乙烯、碳纤维的混合针织物，其耐穿刺等级通常可以达到EN388:2016标准中最高的4级。这类材料虽然防刺性能高，但是价格高昂，且无法通过覆膜、超声波熔接等现有生产工艺快速拼接成型，不适合帐篷的量产。普通帐篷用的夹网布或者覆膜牛津布主要解决的是防水和耐磨的问题，不具备防尖锐物穿刺的功能。因此，需要一种既能有效耐穿刺，又能符合现阶段帐篷加工生产工艺能直接量产的新材料。
发明内容
本发明目的是为了克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种能够有效防止刺穿、又符合现阶段帐篷辊轴热压合生产工艺的轻质耐穿刺夹网布。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种轻质耐穿刺夹网布，其特征在于包括气密层，粘结层，织物纳米复合材料层，粘结层，气密层。
本发明中，织物纳米复合材料层采用基材复合剪切增稠流体而成。
其中的基材是涤纶、锦纶或者芳纶的平纹梭织布，经纬纱线的细度为400-1000D，经向密度为20-28根/英寸，纬向密度为22-26.5根/英寸，紧密程度为46.3-56％。
织物纳米复合材料中剪切增稠流体的含量为10-30wt％，优选10-25％。剪切增稠流体由纳米粒子和溶剂构成，浓度不低于0.50，该浓度为纳米粒子在剪切增稠流体中的体积分数。纳米粒子为纳米二氧化硅球，溶剂优选分子质量为200的聚乙二醇，也可以是甘油等。
制备织物纳米复合材料时，将织物浸入稀释后的剪切增稠流体，使得液体完全浸润织物，将浸润后的织物过压力辊除去多余的液体，然后烘干至恒重。
本发明中的粘结层为低熔点热熔胶层，所述低熔点热熔胶的熔点为120-170℃，热熔胶层厚度为10-60μm，加强气密层与织物纳米复合材料层之间的结合力。
本发明中的气密层为PVC薄膜；夹网布的克重为500-800g/m2。
本发明中，夹网布采用热压合方法生产，压合压力为2-4MPa，压合温度为120-170℃。
与现有技术相比，本发明有如下优点：
本发明采用织物纳米复合材料层作为耐穿刺保护层，可以有效防止刺穿，同时因为复合了剪切增稠流体，可以减少粘结层的用量，从而使夹网布质轻，并且适用于大规模生产。
本发明最外层的气密层能起到耐摩擦、防水等作用，保护中间的织物纳米复合材料层；另一侧的气密层则可以保证充气产品不漏气。
具体实施方式
一种轻质耐穿刺夹网布，包括气密层，粘结层，织物纳米复合材料层，粘结层和气密层，依序排列后热压合而成，其中织物纳米复合材料层采用基材复合剪切增稠流体而成。
其中基材是涤纶、锦纶或者芳纶的平纹梭织布，经纬纱线的细度为400-1000D，经向密度为20-28根/英寸，纬向密度为22-26.5根/英寸，紧密程度为46.3-56％；剪切增稠流体的含量为10-30wt％；粘结层为熔点为120-170℃的热熔胶层，热熔胶层厚度为10-60μm。
制备剪切增稠流体：将粒径为450±26nm的纳米二氧化硅球与相对分子质量为200的聚乙二醇制成剪切增稠流体，其中二氧化硅球的体积浓度为
Figure BDA0003872234300000031
梭织布紧密程度的定义是纱线投影面积占梭织布织物面积的百分比。
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步地详细说明：
实施例1：
选用平纹组织的涤纶梭织布，经纬纱线规格为1000Dⅹ1000D，经纬纱线密度为20ⅹ22根/英寸，紧密程度为46.3％，夹网布制备方法如下：
1)稀释剪切增稠流体：将
Figure BDA0003872234300000032
剪切增稠流体与无水乙醇按质量比1：1混合均匀为乳白色液体；
2)制备织物纳米复合材料：将织物浸入稀释后的剪切增稠流体，使得液体完全浸润织物，将浸润后的织物过压力辊除去多余的液体，辊间压力为0.2MPa，然后于90℃干燥直至织物的重量不再变化；
3)制备夹网布：将气密膜、20μm聚氨酯热熔胶膜(熔点130℃)、织物纳米复合材料、20μm聚氨酯热熔胶膜、气密膜依次层排列好，于130℃、3.2MPa的条件下热压20s，即可。
实施例2：
选用平纹组织的涤纶梭织布，经纬纱线规格为1000Dⅹ1000D，经纬纱线密度为23ⅹ23根/英寸，紧密程度为48.4％，热熔胶膜为厚度35μm、120℃熔点聚氨酯薄膜，夹网布制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3：
选用平纹组织的锦纶梭织布，经纬纱线规格为1000Dⅹ1000D，经纬纱线密度为23ⅹ25根/英寸，紧密程度为51.8％，热熔胶膜为厚度45μm、130℃熔点聚氨酯薄膜，夹网布制备方法同实施例1。
实施例4：
选用平纹组织的芳纶梭织布，经纬纱线规格为850Dⅹ850D，经纬纱线密度为27ⅹ26.5根/英寸，紧密程度为52％，热熔胶膜为厚度20μm、165℃熔点聚氨酯薄膜，夹网布制备方法同实施例1，热压的温度为165℃。
实施例5：
选用平纹组织的涤纶梭织布，经纬纱线规格为1000Dⅹ1000D，经纬纱线密度为28ⅹ26根/英寸，紧密程度为56％，热熔胶膜为厚度20μm、120℃熔点聚氨酯薄膜，夹网布制备方法同实施例1，热压的温度为120℃。
对比例1：
选用平纹组织的锦纶梭织布，经纬纱线规格为540Dⅹ840D，经纬纱线密度为30ⅹ19根/英寸，紧密程度为42.4％，热熔胶膜为厚度20μm、120℃熔点聚氨酯薄膜，夹网布制备方法同实施例1，热压的温度为120℃。
对比例2：
选用平纹组织的锦纶梭织布，经纬纱线规格为500Dⅹ1000D，经纬纱线密度为30ⅹ19根/英寸，紧密程度为41.9％，热熔胶膜为厚度20μm、120℃熔点聚氨酯薄膜，夹网布制备方法同实施例1，热压温度为120℃。
对比例3：
选用平纹组织的锦纶梭织布，经纬纱线规格为840Dⅹ840D，经纬纱线密度为18ⅹ18根/英寸，紧密程度为36.1％，热熔胶膜为厚度20μm、120℃熔点聚氨酯薄膜，夹网布制备方法同实施例1，热压温度为120℃。
对比例4：
从市场上购买的成品夹网布，基材为1000Dⅹ1000D涤纶长丝梭织布，外层复合的材料为PVC薄膜。
对比例5：
选用平纹组织的涤纶梭织布，经纬纱线规格为1000Dⅹ1000D，经纬纱线密度为23ⅹ23根/英寸，紧密程度为48.4％，织物不经过剪切增稠流体处理，将PVC膜、20μm聚氨酯热熔胶膜、织物、20μm聚氨酯热熔胶膜、PVC膜依次层排列好，在130℃、3.6MPa的压力下热压20s，得到涤纶基的夹网布。
对比例6：
选用平纹组织的芳纶梭织布，经纬纱线规格为850Dⅹ850D，经纬纱线密度为27ⅹ26.5根/英寸，紧密程度为52％，织物不经过剪切增稠流体处理，按对比例5的方法制备夹网布。
按照EN388-2016穿刺性能的测试要求，测试实施例1-5和对比例1-6夹网布的耐穿刺能力。将EN388:2016标准中的锥体以100mm/min的速度垂直于测试样品平面的方向匀速刺入夹网布样品，并记录针刺穿样品所需要的最大力，认定该最大力是样品的耐穿刺能力。测试结果如表1所示。最大力的值越大，表明该测试样越耐穿刺。
表1：夹网布的耐穿刺能力
Figure BDA0003872234300000061
Figure BDA0003872234300000071
实施例1-5的实验数据表明，基材面料的紧密程度上升，经过流体处理后流体的含量大致相同(相差不到4％)，且耐穿刺力随着紧密程度上升而上升。实施例1-5的耐穿刺能力均比对比例4有明显地提高，可见，本发明制备的耐穿刺夹网布可以达到超越现有夹网布的耐穿刺能力，并且要轻于市面上现有的夹网布材料。结合对比例1-3和对比例4的测试结果来看，当基材织物的紧密程度降低到36-43之间时，制备的夹网布的耐穿刺能力弱于市面上现有的夹网布。
复合剪切增稠流体的必要性。
实施例2和对比例5，以及实施例4和对比例6的数据均说明，用流体处理后的织物制成的夹网布的耐穿刺能力有大幅度的提升，幅度约为100％。与对比例4相比，流体处理前的织物制成的夹网布耐穿刺能力(对比例5和6)均弱于现在市面上的夹网布(对比例4)，然而经过流体处理后再制成夹网布(实施例2和4)，耐穿刺能力则远远高于市面上的成品夹网布，由此可看出流体处理是大幅提升耐穿刺能力的关键。
对比例7：
选用实施例5的涤纶梭织布，制得织物纳米复合材料层，将PVC膜、20微米聚氨酯热熔胶膜、织物纳米复合材料层、20微米聚氨酯热熔胶膜、PVC膜按照上述顺序排列好，不经过热压直接叠加缝边后得到缝合成的多层材料，并按照EN388:2016的要求测试了耐穿刺性能，其耐穿刺力为32.6N，与实施例5相比可知，夹网布的多层结构必须经过热压后，变为一个整体，成为了复合材料以后才能变为耐穿刺的夹网布，才能拥有很高的耐穿刺等级，且这并不能通过简单地将所有层叠加在一起得到。
对比例8：
选用实施例5的涤纶梭织布，将流体与酒精水的混合物以1:6的质量比混匀得到稀释后的剪切增稠流体，然后按照实施例1的方法制备夹网布。
实施例6：
选用实施例5的涤纶梭织布，将流体与酒精水的混合物以1:3的质量比混匀得到稀释后的剪切增稠流体，然后按照实施例1的方法制备夹网布。
实施例7：
选用实施例5的涤纶梭织布，将流体与酒精水的混合物以1:1的质量比混匀得到稀释后的剪切增稠流体，然后按照实施例1的方法制备夹网布。
对比例9：
选用实施例5的涤纶梭织布，将流体与酒精水的混合物以1:1的质量比混匀得到稀释后的剪切增稠流体，然后按照实施例1的方法将布料浸润于稀释后的流体中，不过辊轴直接烘干，制得纳米复合材料。但该纳米复合材料无法被制成耐穿刺夹网布，因为流体含量过多，已经覆盖了整个布料的表面，无法与聚氨酯薄膜有任何粘性。
将对比例8-9和实施例6-7按照EN388-2016标准测试耐穿刺性能，结果如表2所示.
表2：不同流体含量的纳米复合材料制备的夹网布的耐穿刺能力
Figure BDA0003872234300000091
实验数据表明，当流体的含量低于10％的时候，流体处理后的纳米复合材料制成的夹网布的耐穿刺力为111.4N，低于市面上的夹网布性能。然而当流体的含量上升至10％的时候，制成的夹网布的耐穿刺力有飞跃，已经达到市面上夹网布的耐穿刺水平。当流体的含量上升至24％时，制成的夹网布的耐穿刺能力达到顶峰，高出市面上夹网布的耐穿刺力近50％。然而当流体的含量超过50％时，因为平纹织物的表面也被大量的流体覆盖，很难与热熔胶再结合热压成夹网布。因此流体的最佳浓度范围是10-25％。

Claims (10)

1.一种轻质耐穿刺夹网布，其特征在于包括气密层，粘结层，织物纳米复合材料层，粘结层，气密层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质耐穿刺夹网布，其特征在于所述的织物纳米复合材料层采用基材复合剪切增稠流体而成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种轻质耐穿刺夹网布，其特征在于所述的基材是涤纶、锦纶或者芳纶的平纹梭织布。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种轻质耐穿刺夹网布，其特征在于所述的平纹梭织布经纬纱线的细度为400-1000D，经向密度为20-28根/英寸，纬向密度为22-26.5根/英寸，紧密程度为46.3-56％。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种轻质耐穿刺夹网布，其特征在于所述剪切增稠流体的含量为10-30wt％。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质耐穿刺夹网布，其特征在于所述剪切增稠流体由纳米粒子和溶剂构成，体积浓度至少为0.50。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质耐穿刺夹网布，其特征在于所述的粘结层为低熔点热熔胶层，所述低熔点热熔胶的熔点为120-170℃，热熔胶层厚度为10-60μm。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质耐穿刺夹网布，其特征在于所述的气密层为PVC薄膜。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质耐穿刺夹网布，其特征在于所述夹网布的克重为500-800g/m2。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质耐穿刺夹网布，其特征在于所述的夹网布采用热压合方法生产，压合压力为2-4MPa，压合温度为120-170℃。
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