CN115576131A - Display panel and display device - Google Patents
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- CN115576131A CN115576131A CN202211280737.4A CN202211280737A CN115576131A CN 115576131 A CN115576131 A CN 115576131A CN 202211280737 A CN202211280737 A CN 202211280737A CN 115576131 A CN115576131 A CN 115576131A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
- G02F1/133531—Polarisers characterised by the arrangement of polariser or analyser axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a display panel and a display device. The liquid crystal display panel comprises a panel main body, a compensation layer and a liquid crystal polarization layer, wherein liquid crystal molecules are arranged in the compensation layer and the liquid crystal polarization layer, and the included angle between the direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal polarization layer for absorbing polarized light and the slow axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the compensation layer is 45 degrees. In the embodiment of the application, directly set up the liquid crystal polarization layer on the compensation layer to save adhesive layer and protective layer, and adjust compensation layer and liquid crystal polarization layer, with the display panel who adapts to different parameters, and improve the integrative black effect of display panel when dark state shows.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing of display panels, in particular to a display panel and a display device.
Background
With the development of display panel manufacturing technology, people have raised higher requirements on the display effect and the comprehensive performance of the display panel and the display device.
In the modern communication industry, the market demand for various display products, such as mobile phones, televisions, tablet computers, and digital camera products, is increasing. Meanwhile, the requirements of each product on optical performance are higher and higher. It is not only required that each product has a good luminous display effect when displaying, but also required that each product has good performance when displaying in a dark state, and if required, the screen of the display product is as dark as possible. However, in each display product prepared in the prior art, the display effect of the panel is improved through the structure of the polarizing film, but the structure of the film layer is complex, and the structure of the polarizing film still has certain problems in dark state display. If the dark state effect is not ideal, the integral black effect cannot be really realized. And then reduce user's use experience, be unfavorable for the further improvement of display panel comprehensive properties.
In summary, in the conventional display panel, the display panel obtained by preparation has an unsatisfactory display effect in a dark state display, and cannot realize an integral black effect, so that the use experience of a user is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a display panel and a display device. The technical problems that the display panel is unsatisfactory in dark state effect and cannot realize an integral black display effect in dark state display are effectively solved, and the comprehensive performance of the display panel is effectively improved.
To solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display panel and a display device, where the display panel includes:
a panel main body;
the compensation layer is arranged on the light emergent side of the panel main body;
a liquid crystal polarizing layer disposed on the compensation layer; and (c) a second step of,
a cover plate disposed on the liquid crystal polarizing layer;
liquid crystal molecules are arranged in the compensation layer and the liquid crystal polarization layer, the direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal polarization layer for absorbing polarized light and the slow axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the compensation layer form an included angle of 45 degrees.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the display panel further includes an optical adhesive layer, and the liquid crystal polarization layer further includes a first alignment layer and a first liquid crystal layer;
the first alignment layer is arranged on the surface of the compensation layer, the first liquid crystal layer is arranged on the surface of the first alignment layer, the optical glue layer is arranged on the surface of the first liquid crystal layer, and the cover plate is arranged on the surface of the optical glue layer.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the first liquid crystal layer is set to be 1um to 10um.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the compensation layer further includes a second alignment layer disposed on a surface of the panel body, and a second liquid crystal layer disposed on a surface of the second alignment layer, and the first alignment layer of the liquid crystal polarization layer is disposed on a surface of the second liquid crystal layer.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the first alignment layer is the same as the thickness of the second alignment layer.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules in the compensation layer are all disposed toward the same direction, and the pre-tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the compensation layer is 0 °.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, each of the liquid crystal molecules in the compensation layer comprises a first refractive index and a second refractive index;
the first refractive index is the refractive index of extraordinary rays formed by the light entering the liquid crystal molecules, and the second refractive index is the refractive index of ordinary rays formed by the light entering the liquid crystal molecules;
wherein the first refractive index is 1.600-1.630, and the second refractive index is 1.550-1.580.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the compensation layer includes a first liquid crystal compensation layer and a second liquid crystal compensation layer;
wherein the first liquid crystal compensation layer is arranged on the panel main body, the second liquid crystal compensation layer is arranged on the first liquid crystal compensation layer, and the liquid crystal polarization layer is arranged on the surface of the second liquid crystal compensation layer.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the slow axes of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal compensation layer all face a first direction, and the slow axes of the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal compensation layer all face a second direction;
wherein, orthographic projections of the first direction and the second direction on the same plane have an included angle, and the included angle is set to be 60-80 degrees.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first liquid crystal compensation layer and the second liquid crystal compensation layer have the same thickness, and the pretilt angles of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal compensation layer and the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal compensation layer are both 0 °.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the compensation layer is 1um to 10um.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the light reflectivity of the compensation layer is less than 4.7%.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a display device including: the display panel provided in the embodiment of the application.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the application provides a display panel and a display device. The display panel comprises a panel main body, a compensation layer and a liquid crystal polarization layer, wherein liquid crystal molecules are arranged in the compensation layer and the liquid crystal polarization layer, and an included angle between the direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal polarization layer for absorbing polarized light and the slow axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the compensation layer is 45 degrees. In the embodiment of the application, the liquid crystal polarizing layer is directly arranged on the compensation layer, so that a bonding glue layer and a protective layer are omitted, and liquid crystals in the compensation layer and the liquid crystal polarizing layer are adjusted to adapt to display panels with different parameters. Therefore, the thickness of the display panel is effectively reduced, and the aim of effectively improving the integral black display effect of the display panel in dark state display is fulfilled through the compensation layer and the liquid crystal polarization layer.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a film structure of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal compensation layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of light deflection provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4A is a schematic view of a film structure of another compensation layer provided in the present application;
FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of a stack of two different compensation layers provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a film structure of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a process for preparing the compensation layer provided in the embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following disclosure provides different embodiments or examples to implement different structures of the present invention, which are combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In order to simplify the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, and one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that other processes may be used. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated.
With the continuous development of display panel manufacturing technology, people have made higher demands on the performance and display effect of display panels and display devices.
In the use, not only will guarantee that display panel has higher display effect when luminous, simultaneously, still need to guarantee that display panel when dark state shows that its display screen can have better black body effect. Thereby ensuring different use requirements of users. However, the integral black effect of the display panel prepared in the prior art is not ideal, and is not beneficial to further improving the comprehensive performance of the display panel and the device.
The embodiment of the application provides an array substrate and a display panel, so that the comprehensive performance of the display panel is effectively improved.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic view of a film structure of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Specifically, the display panel includes a panel main body 101, a compensation layer 102, a liquid crystal polarization layer 103, an optical adhesive layer 106, and a cover plate 107.
Wherein the compensation layer 102 is disposed on the panel body 101. In this embodiment, the panel main body 101 may include a plurality of stacked film layers, for example, the panel main body 101 includes a plurality of film layers such as a light emitting layer, a passivation layer, and a pixel defining layer, the stack of the film layers may be set according to the stacking relationship and functions between the existing film layers, and when the panel main body 101 is set, the panel main body structure corresponding to the prior art may be referred to for setting, which is not described herein again. Meanwhile, the compensation layer 102 is disposed on the panel body 101. The compensation layer 102 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the panel body, and specifically, the liquid crystal polarization layer 103 is disposed on the upper surface of the compensation layer 102.
When the display panel is displaying, light emitted from the panel main body 101 sequentially passes through different layers, such as the compensation layer 102, the liquid crystal polarization layer 103 and the cover plate 107, and finally exits the display panel, thereby realizing the light emitting display of the display panel.
When the display panel is in a dark state, the external light is opposite to the light path of the emergent light. Specifically, the external light sequentially penetrates through the cover plate, the liquid crystal polarization layer 103, the compensation layer 102 and the panel main body 101, part of the light is reflected by structures such as a metal layer in the panel main body 101, the reflected light passes through the film layers again and is transmitted out of the display panel, and when the reflected light is more, a user observes the display screen, and the integral black effect of the screen is poor.
The liquid crystal polarizing layer is directly arranged on the upper surface of the compensation layer in the embodiment of the application, the function of the polarizer is realized, and in the preparation process, the existing equipment is adopted for preparation, so that the preparation process is effectively simplified, the production cost is reduced, and the integral black effect of the panel is improved. Meanwhile, in the embodiment of the present application, when the compensation layer and the liquid crystal polarization layer are disposed, the compensation layer is directly disposed on the surface of the panel body, and the liquid crystal polarization layer is directly disposed on the surface of the compensation layer.
The compensation layer and the liquid crystal polarization layer are directly prepared and formed in a mode of coating liquid crystal and curing, namely, other film layers such as an adhesive layer and the like are not required to be arranged between the compensation layer and the panel main body and between the compensation layer and the liquid crystal polarization layer. Simultaneously, because the liquid crystal polarization layer in the outside forms through the solidification, it has certain hardness, when transporting and laminating, need not again in addition between compensation layer and panel main part to and set up other glue films and protective layer between compensation layer and the liquid crystal polarization layer, thereby when guaranteeing display panel's integrative black effect, still effectual reduction display panel thickness, improvement display panel's comprehensive properties.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, when the liquid crystal polarizing layer 103 is formed, liquid crystal molecules are disposed in both the liquid crystal polarizing layer 103 and the compensation layer 102, and an included angle between a direction in which the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal polarizing layer 103 absorb polarized light and a slow axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the compensation layer 102 is 45 °. When light passes through the liquid crystal polarization layer 103 and the compensation layer 102, the two film layers act on the light together, and the integral black display effect of the display panel is realized.
In the embodiment of the present application, the liquid crystal polarization layer 103 further includes a first alignment layer 1032 and a first liquid crystal layer 1031. Wherein the first alignment layer 1032 is disposed on the compensation layer 102, and the first liquid crystal layer 1031 is disposed on the first alignment layer 1032. In this embodiment, a liquid crystal layer is directly coated on the first alignment layer 1032 and cured to form a film, and the first liquid crystal layer 1031 in this embodiment is formed. Meanwhile, the optical adhesive layer 106 is directly disposed on the first liquid crystal layer 1031.
Wherein, the thickness of the first liquid crystal layer 1031 can be set to 1um-10um. Preferably, the thickness of first liquid crystal layer 1031 sets up to 5um to under the prerequisite of guaranteeing this first liquid crystal layer 1031 to the light effect, realize the frivolous setting of rete.
Further, in the embodiment of the present application, the compensation layer 102 further includes a second alignment layer 1022 and a second liquid crystal layer 1021. Specifically, the second alignment layer 1022 is disposed on the panel body 101, the second liquid crystal layer 1021 is disposed on the second alignment layer 1022, and the first alignment layer 1032 is directly disposed on the second liquid crystal layer 1021. The liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 1021 are aligned by the second alignment layer 1022.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the first alignment layer 1032 in the liquid crystal polarization layer 103 may be the same as the thickness of the second alignment layer 1022 in the compensation layer 102, and liquid crystal molecules in different liquid crystal layers are aligned by the alignment layers, so as to realize the effect on light and ensure the integral black display effect of the display panel.
Further, in the embodiment of the present application, liquid crystal molecules are disposed in both the first liquid crystal layer 1031 and the second liquid crystal layer 1021, for example, polarized liquid crystal molecules 105 are disposed in the first liquid crystal layer 1031, and liquid crystal molecules 104 are disposed in the second liquid crystal layer 1021. The included angle between the direction of the polarized liquid crystal molecules 105 absorbing the polarized light and the slow axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 104 in the compensation layer is 45 degrees, so that the effect of light rays is realized, and the integral black display effect of the panel is realized.
In the embodiment of the present application, when the compensation layer 102 is disposed, the light has a phase retardation of odd times pi/2 when the light passes through the compensation layer 102. Therefore, the liquid crystal in the compensation layer 102 needs to be set in a specific arrangement.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a compensation layer provided in the embodiment of the present application. In the embodiment of the present application, the compensation layer 102 further includes at least one liquid crystal compensation layer. The compensation layer 102 includes a second alignment layer 1022 and a second liquid crystal layer 1021 disposed on the second alignment layer 1022. In the second liquid crystal layer 1021, a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 104 are provided. In the embodiment of the present application, the compensation layer 102 may be a single layer of the liquid crystal compensation layer, or may be a stacked structure of multiple layers of the liquid crystal compensation layers. During specific setting, the setting can be carried out according to the requirements of actual products. And will not be described in detail herein.
In the embodiment of the present application, when the compensation layer 102 is disposed, the thickness of the compensation layer 102 is set to be 1um to 10um. Preferably, the thickness of the film layer of the compensation layer 102 is set to 2.7um in the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the compensation layer 102 is set to 1um to 10um, on one hand, it can be ensured that liquid crystal molecules can be disposed in the compensation layer 102, enough arrangement space is reserved for a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, and on the other hand, the thickness of the film layer can be ensured, so that the light and thin arrangement of the compensation layer and the corresponding display panel is realized, and the comprehensive performance of the display panel is effectively improved.
In the embodiment of the present application, when the compensation layer 102 is disposed, the liquid crystal molecules in the compensation layer 102 can be adjusted to realize a predetermined inclination angle of the liquid crystal molecules 104, so as to achieve different control effects, thereby ensuring the comprehensive performance of the prepared display panel.
Specifically, in order to ensure the effect of the light, the liquid crystal molecules 104 may be uniformly arranged in the second liquid crystal layer 1021 in the embodiment. Such as the same distance between two adjacent liquid crystal molecules 104.
Further, the compensation layer provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes a second alignment layer 1022. Specifically, the second alignment layer 1022 may be disposed on the panel body, and the second liquid crystal layer 1021 is disposed on the second alignment layer 1022.
In the embodiment of the present application, for the liquid crystal molecules 104, the liquid crystal molecules 104 may have a rod-like or butterfly-like structure. Which includes a first optical axis a and a second optical axis b. Specifically, the two different optical axes have different effects on the light, so that the light with different polarization directions can be acted. In the embodiment of the present application, the first optical axis a corresponds to a fast axis of the liquid crystal molecules, and the second optical axis b corresponds to a slow axis of the liquid crystal molecules. When the liquid crystal molecules are in a regular shape, such as a regular long rod structure, the fast axis of the liquid crystal molecules may correspond to the short axis of the liquid crystal molecules, and the slow axis of the liquid crystal molecules may correspond to the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules.
When light enters the liquid crystal molecules 104, birefringence occurs in the liquid crystal molecules. As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of light deflection provided by the embodiment of the present application. In the embodiment of the present application, the incident light W vibrates in different directions when propagating. Finally, it can be decomposed into a first light ray c polarized in a first direction and a second light ray d polarized in a second direction as an example. If the first light ray c is along the longitudinal direction, the second light ray d is along the transverse direction. In the present embodiment, the light W is exemplified by a light having a wavelength of 566 nm. When the wave plates 31 and 32 with different vibration directions are placed on the propagation path of the light W, they act on light with different vibration directions. Therefore, light in a specific vibration direction can be transmitted, but light in a non-specific vibration direction cannot be transmitted, and the purpose of different display effects is achieved.
Specifically, the first light may include extraordinary rays (no) having a light vector vibration direction parallel to the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules, and the second light may include ordinary rays (ne) having a light vector vibration direction perpendicular to the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules.
In the embodiment of the present application, when the first light propagates in the liquid crystal molecules, the corresponding first refractive index is 1.600-1.630. Meanwhile, when the second light propagates in the liquid crystal molecules, the corresponding second refractive index is 1.55-1.58. Preferably, the first refractive index of the first light is 1.626, and the second refractive index of the second light is 1.573. After the light passes through the liquid crystal molecules, the high transmittance can be ensured, and meanwhile, because the corresponding optical path difference of the light in the liquid crystal compensation layer is odd times of pi/2, the reflected light is prevented from transmitting through the upper polarization layer 103 through the liquid crystal molecules, and the integral black effect of the display panel is effectively improved.
In the embodiment of the present application, see fig. 2 in detail. When the liquid crystal molecules 104 are arranged, each liquid crystal molecule 104 has a certain pretilt angle α. In the embodiment of the present application, the pretilt angle α is an included angle between the optical axis of the liquid crystal and the bottom surface of the liquid crystal compensation layer, or the horizontal plane of the alignment layer 1022.
Specifically, the pretilt angle α is set to 0 °. That is, each liquid crystal molecule is horizontally laid on the corresponding liquid crystal compensation layer, and after passing through each liquid crystal molecule, the light has a phase retardation of odd times pi/2. Preferably, the phase retardation of the light is pi/2, 3 pi/2, etc.
Further, in the embodiment of the present application, the second optical axes b of the liquid crystal molecules 104 may be all disposed toward the length direction of the film layer.
In the embodiment of the present application, when the liquid crystal molecules 104 are aligned, the second alignment layer 1022 may be irradiated with ultraviolet light by a light irradiation method, and the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is realized. Specifically, a curing light source of 300nm-380nm is used for irradiation, and optionally, a curing light source with a wavelength of 350nm, 360nm or 370nm is selected for irradiation and alignment of the liquid crystal molecules, so that the liquid crystal molecules 104 in the liquid crystal compensation layer have the same pretilt angle.
Specifically, in order to ensure the effect of the film layer on light and improve the integral black display effect of the display panel. When the compensation layer 102 is provided, the thickness thereof satisfies: Δ n × d =1/4 λ, where Δ n is a difference between a refractive index ne of the compensation layer 102 for ordinary light and a refractive index no of the compensation layer 102 for extraordinary light, i.e., Δ n = ne-no, d is a thickness of the compensation layer 102, and λ is a wavelength of visible light. Since Δ n × d represents a phase retardation parameter of the compensation layer 102, the phase retardation parameter is related to the thickness d of the compensation layer 102 and the material characteristics of the liquid crystal molecules, and the phase retardation parameter has a certain influence on the display effect of the display panel, the display effect of the display panel can be optimized by adjusting the thickness d of the compensation layer 102 or the material of the liquid crystal molecules.
Specifically, examples are:
if the reflected light of the display panel is bluish, which means that the display panel reflects more blue light in a dark state, and the corresponding short wavelength band with a smaller λ value (generally 435 nm to 435 nm) is more, the short wavelength band needs to be compensated, so the thickness d of the compensation layer 102 needs to be reduced to satisfy Δ n × d =1/4 λ (Δ n is a characteristic parameter of liquid crystal molecules, and when the liquid crystal molecules are the same, the value is a fixed value), and the wavelength band realizes a 1/4 λ optical path difference, so that the reflected light of the display panel is bluish and is absorbed by the liquid crystal polarization layer, thereby eliminating the problem of bluish reflected light of the display panel.
If the reflected light of the display panel is red, it means that the reflected red light of the display panel in a dark state is more, and the corresponding long wavelength band with a large λ value (generally 622 nm to 760 nm) is more, it means that the long wavelength band needs to be compensated, so the thickness d of the compensation layer 102 needs to be increased to satisfy Δ n × d =1/4 λ (Δ n is a characteristic parameter of a liquid crystal molecule, and when the liquid crystal molecule is the same, the value is a fixed value), so that the wavelength band realizes a 1/4 λ optical path difference, and is absorbed by the liquid crystal polarization layer again, and the problem that the reflected light of the display panel is red is eliminated.
In addition, in this embodiment, the same effect is achieved by changing the material of the liquid crystal molecules, that is, by adjusting the parameter Δ n of the liquid crystal material, and the specific adjustment is determined according to the circumstances, which is not described herein again.
In this embodiment, in the light emitting direction of the display panel, the thickness d of the compensation layer 102 may be any value between 1 micron and 10 microns, for example, the thickness of the compensation layer 102 may be 1 micron, 2.5 microns, 3 microns, 5 microns, 6 microns, 7 microns, 8.5 microns, 10 microns, and the like, and the thickness of the compensation layer 102 may be selected according to the display optical characteristics of different display panels, and the above values do not represent the thickness limitation of the compensation layer 102.
As shown in fig. 4A, fig. 4A is a schematic view of a film structure of another compensation layer provided in the present application. In the embodiment of the present application, the compensation layer may further include a stack of multiple layers. Such as a stacked structure of two compensation layers. Specifically, the compensation layer 102 includes two liquid crystal compensation layers stacked on each other. The compensation layer 102 includes a first liquid crystal compensation layer 40 and a second liquid crystal compensation layer 41 disposed on the first liquid crystal compensation layer 40. The first liquid crystal compensation layer 40 and the second liquid crystal compensation layer 41 each include an alignment layer therein, and a liquid crystal layer disposed on the alignment layer.
Specifically, the first liquid crystal compensation layer 40 includes a third alignment layer 401, a third liquid crystal layer 402, a fourth alignment layer 403, and a fourth liquid crystal layer 404.
Specifically, a third alignment layer 401 is disposed on the panel body 101, a third liquid crystal layer 402 is disposed on the third alignment layer 401, a fourth alignment layer 403 is disposed on the third liquid crystal layer 402, and a fourth liquid crystal layer 404 is disposed on the fourth alignment layer 403. Meanwhile, the liquid crystal polarizing layer 103 is disposed on the fourth liquid crystal layer 404. In the embodiment of the present application, the compensation layer is configured as a multi-layer liquid crystal layer, so as to further improve the effect of the compensation layer 102 on light. In operation, if the third liquid crystal layer 402 cannot effectively act on all the reflected light, the light will continue to be projected into the fourth liquid crystal layer 404, and the light will be further acted by the fourth liquid crystal layer 404, so as to reduce the reflected light passing through the liquid crystal compensation layer and improve the black display effect of the display panel.
Further, in the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the third liquid crystal layer 402 may be the same as that of the fourth liquid crystal layer 404. In the embodiment of the present application, the thicknesses of the third liquid crystal layer 402 and the fourth liquid crystal layer 404 are set to be the same, so as to ensure that two different liquid crystal compensation layers have the same action effect on light. Preferably, the thickness of the third liquid crystal layer 402 and the thickness of the fourth liquid crystal layer 404 are both set to be 2.5um to 3.0um. Preferably, it is set to 2.7um. Like this, can also reduce the use quantity of bonding glue film in the display panel outside guaranteeing that each liquid crystal compensation layer can reserve sufficient space of arranging for the liquid crystal molecule, simultaneously, in this application embodiment, prepare through the mode of direct coating liquid crystal, can directly save multilayer bonding glue film and protective layer among the prior art in the polaroid stackup to realize the frivolousization setting of display panel inner film layer, and effectual improvement display panel's comprehensive properties.
Meanwhile, the thicknesses of the third alignment layer 401 and the fourth alignment layer 403 may also be set to be the same, and the thicknesses of the film layers of the third alignment layer 401 and the fourth alignment layer 403 may be set according to the requirements of the actual product. Specifically, the actual thickness is not specifically limited, and further, when the liquid crystal alignment layer is disposed, a polymethyl methacrylate material or a polyimide material may be selected for the disposition, so as to ensure the alignment effect.
Further, a third liquid crystal molecule 411 is provided in the third liquid crystal layer 402, and a fourth liquid crystal molecule 412 is provided in the fourth liquid crystal layer 404. In the embodiment, the third liquid crystal molecules 411 and the fourth liquid crystal molecules 412 have the same pretilt angle. Specifically, the pretilt angles of the two liquid crystal molecules are set to be 0 °, that is, the liquid crystal molecules in the two different liquid crystal compensation layers are horizontally arranged in the corresponding film layers.
Preferably, when the third liquid crystal molecule 411 and the fourth liquid crystal molecule 412 are disposed, a projection of the third liquid crystal molecule 411 on the third alignment layer 401 may at least partially coincide with a projection of the fourth liquid crystal molecule 412 on the third alignment layer 401. Such as the fourth liquid crystal molecule 412, is disposed at a corresponding position directly above the third liquid crystal molecule 411.
Furthermore, the third liquid crystal molecules 411 and the fourth liquid crystal molecules 412 may be arranged in a staggered manner, that is, the projection of the fourth liquid crystal molecules 412 on the third alignment layer 401 is not coincident with the projection of the third liquid crystal molecules 411 on the third alignment layer 401. For example, the third liquid crystal molecules 411 are correspondingly disposed in the gap region between two adjacent fourth liquid crystal molecules 412. Like this, when first liquid crystal compensation layer can not fully act on light, this second liquid crystal compensation layer can further act on light to effectively improve the effect of compensation layer to light, and realize the integrative black effect of panel when dark state.
Further, as shown in fig. 4B, fig. 4B is a schematic view of a stack of two different compensation layers provided in the embodiment of the present application. In conjunction with the film layer structure of fig. 4A. In the embodiment of the present application, the upper and lower different layers in the figure correspond to the third liquid crystal layer 402 and the fourth liquid crystal layer 404, respectively.
When the third liquid crystal molecules 411 and the fourth liquid crystal molecules 412 in the respective film layers are provided, the third liquid crystal molecules 411 are provided along the first direction t1 at a pretilt angle of 0 °. Meanwhile, the corresponding pretilt angle of the fourth liquid crystal molecules 412 in the second liquid crystal compensation layer is 0 °, and each of the fourth liquid crystal molecules 412 is disposed toward the second direction t 2. Wherein the first direction and the second direction are set with respect to the horizontal XY coordinate axis as a reference object.
In the embodiment of the present application, the included angles between the first direction t1 and the second direction t2 and the horizontal X axis are different from each other with respect to the same horizontal plane, for example, with respect to the same surface of the first liquid crystal compensation layer or the second liquid crystal compensation layer. Specifically, on the same plane, an included angle β is formed between the first direction t1 and the second direction t 2. Wherein the included angle beta is set to be 60-80 degrees. In the embodiment of the present application, the first direction t1 may be the same as the orientation of the slow axis of the liquid crystal molecules. Preferably, the angle between the first direction and the second direction may be set to 75 ° or 77 °. In the embodiment of the application, the included angle between the first direction and the second direction is larger as much as possible and is close to 80 degrees, so that two different liquid crystal compensation layers can better act on light. By setting the third liquid crystal molecules and the fourth liquid crystal molecules in the compensation layer to different orientations, the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in each liquid crystal layer is set to 0 °. When light with different wavelengths passes through the compensation layer, the third liquid crystal layer and the fourth liquid crystal layer can respectively act on the light so as to further improve the effect of the compensation layer on the light.
Preferably, when the third liquid crystal molecules 411 and the fourth liquid crystal molecules 412 in the second liquid crystal compensation layer are disposed, the distribution density of the third liquid crystal molecules 411 may be greater than that of the fourth liquid crystal molecules 412. When light is reflected to the outside from the metal layer in the display panel, the light first passes through the first liquid crystal compensation layer, and therefore the third liquid crystal molecules 411 with high distribution density can act on the light as much as possible, so that the angle and the optical path difference of emergent light are improved, and the integral black display effect of the display panel is realized.
Further, in the embodiment of the present application, when the third liquid crystal molecules 411 and the fourth liquid crystal molecules 412 are disposed, the size of the third liquid crystal molecules 411 may be larger than that of the fourth liquid crystal molecules 412. Specifically, the length of the liquid crystal slow axis of the third liquid crystal molecule 411 is greater than that of the fourth liquid crystal molecule 412. When light passes through the third liquid crystal molecules 411 in the first liquid crystal compensation layer, the longer liquid crystal molecules can penetrate more light, so that the effect of two different liquid crystal compensation layers on the light is improved, and the integral black display effect of the display panel is ensured.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present application, when the third liquid crystal molecule 411 and the fourth liquid crystal molecule 412 are disposed, a projection point of a geometric center of the fourth liquid crystal molecule 412 on the first liquid crystal layer may coincide with a projection point of a geometric center of the third liquid crystal molecule 411 on the first liquid crystal layer, where the geometric center may be an intersection point of two different axes of the liquid crystal molecules, so that the third liquid crystal molecule 411 corresponds to the fourth liquid crystal molecule 412, and the effect of the liquid crystal molecules in the two different layers on the light is ensured.
Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present application, when the third liquid crystal molecules 411 and the fourth liquid crystal molecules 412 are disposed, the orthographic projection of the second liquid crystal molecules can be at least partially overlapped with the corresponding third liquid crystal molecules 411, so as to ensure that the light is better acted by the second liquid crystal molecules after passing through the first liquid crystal molecules, thereby ensuring the effect of the light action.
Further, in the embodiment of the present application, the material of each alignment layer may include any one of an acryl resin and a polymethyl methacrylate.
As shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic view of a film structure of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application. In an embodiment of the present application, the display device includes: the array substrate, the light emitting layer 507, the packaging layer, the adhesive layer 512, the compensation layer 102, the liquid crystal polarization layer 103 and the protective layer.
Specifically, the array substrate comprises a stacked structure of a plurality of layers. The array substrate includes a substrate 500 and interlayer dielectric layers 504 disposed on the substrate 500. In the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of thin film transistors are further disposed in the interlayer dielectric layer 504.
Specifically, the thin film transistor may include an active layer disposed on the substrate 500, a gate electrode insulatively disposed on the active layer, and a source/drain metal layer insulatively disposed on the gate electrode. And the source/drain metal layer is electrically connected with the active layer through the via hole structure. In the embodiment of the present application, the structure of the array substrate is a film structure of a common thin film transistor array substrate, and details are not described herein.
Meanwhile, a pixel defining layer 506 is further disposed on the array substrate, a plurality of pixel opening structures are disposed on the pixel defining layer 506, and light emitting layers 507 with different colors may be correspondingly disposed in each pixel opening structure. An electrode layer 520 is also provided on the pixel defining layer 506. In the present embodiment, the electrode layer 520 may be an anode.
Further, a passivation layer 508 is disposed on the electrode layer 520, the passivation layer 508 completely covers the electrode layer 520, and at least one organic layer 509 is disposed on the passivation layer 508. A stacked structure is formed by the passivation layer 508 and the organic layer 509, and constitutes an encapsulation layer structure provided in the embodiment of the present application. Wherein the upper surface of the organic layer 509 is disposed as a horizontal plane.
Further, a second passivation layer 510 and a third passivation layer 511 disposed on the second passivation layer 510 are also disposed on the encapsulation layer. In the embodiment, a metal layer 515 is further disposed on the second passivation layer 510, and the third passivation layer 511 completely covers the metal layer 515. Preferably, the metal layer 515 may be a touch metal layer, and functions such as touch operation of the display panel are implemented by the touch metal layer.
In the embodiment of the present application, an adhesive layer 512 is further disposed on the third passivation layer 511, and the compensation layer 102 is further disposed on the adhesive layer 512. A liquid crystal polarizing layer 103 is directly provided on the upper surface of the compensation layer 102, and a protective layer is provided on the polarizing layer 103.
The compensation layer 102 in the embodiment of the present application is directly disposed on the surface of the panel body, and meanwhile, the liquid crystal polarization layer 103 is directly disposed on the upper surface of the compensation layer 102, so that the glue layer and the protection layer between the panel body, the compensation layer 102 and the liquid crystal polarization layer 103 are omitted. When the compensation layer 102 and the liquid crystal polarization layer 103 are transported integrally, the compensation layer 102 and the liquid crystal polarization layer 103 are formed by curing the liquid crystal layer, so that the liquid crystal polarization layer has certain hardness and supporting effect, a plurality of glue layers and protective layers are omitted between the compensation layer 102 and the liquid crystal polarization layer 103, and the light and thin design of the panel is realized. Meanwhile, the liquid crystal molecules in the compensation layer 102 and the liquid crystal polarization layer 103 are adjusted, so that the integral black display effect of the display panel is effectively improved.
Specifically, for the external incident light F1 and the incident light F2, when the external light F1 enters the display device, the external light sequentially penetrates through different film layers. When the light reaches the position of the light-emitting layer 507, it will be reflected by the electrode layer 520, and a reflected light F1' is formed. The reflected light will pass through each film layer along the opposite direction of the incident light F1, and finally enter the outside to be received by human eyes.
Meanwhile, a part of the incident light, such as the incident light F2, is reflected by the other metal layer 515 after passing through each film layer, and forms another reflected light F2'. The reflected light F2' will also pass through the films again and enter the outside.
Incident light F1 and F2 can pass through polarization layer and compensation layer in proper order when entering into the panel, and this polarization layer can be acted on partial light, and the light after the effect can be reflected by the metal level again, and reflected light F1 'and F2' are being seen through the compensation layer that provides in this application embodiment in proper order after being reflected. When the film layers act on different light rays, the external light is changed into linearly polarized light through the polarizing layer, the linearly polarized light is changed into circularly polarized light through the compensating layer, the circularly polarized light is changed into right-handed light from left-handed rotation after being reflected by the metal layer, the rotating mode of the circularly polarized light is changed, and the righthanded light is changed into the linearly polarized light again after passing through the compensating layer again. Therefore, only a small amount of reflected light can penetrate through the interaction of the two film layers, so that the emission amount of the reflected light is reduced, and the integral black display effect of the display panel is effectively improved.
Further, the embodiment of the application also provides a preparation method of the display panel. As shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic view of a manufacturing process of the compensation layer and the liquid crystal polarization layer provided in the embodiment of the present application. Incorporating the film layer structure of figure 1. First, a substrate 604 is provided, and after the substrate 604 is cleaned and dried, an alignment layer is coated on the substrate 604. In the embodiment of the present application, the alignment layer 605 is illustrated by taking the polyimide film 605 as an example.
When coating is performed, the thickness of the polyimide film layer 605 is set to 90nm to 110nm, and preferably, the thickness of the polyimide film layer 605 is set to 100nm. After the coating is finished, the alignment layer is dried.
In the treatment of the polyimide film 605, the film may be dried under a certain temperature or the like. Specifically, the treatment conditions are as follows: the baking temperature is less than 85 ℃, and the baking time is more than 30min.
Meanwhile, in the baking process, the polyimide film 605 is subjected to light irradiation treatment, and the polyimide film 605 is aligned by light irradiation. Specifically, a 313nm alignment light source may be used to irradiate the polyimide film 605, and the pretilt angle of the polyimide film 605 is 0 ° to ensure that the liquid crystal molecules can lie flat on the polyimide film 605.
After the alignment process is completed, the polyimide film 605 is coated with the liquid crystal molecules 104. In the embodiment of the present application, the liquid crystal molecules may be coated according to the requirements of the product, and when the liquid crystal molecules are coated, the liquid crystal molecules are coated according to the structure provided in the embodiment of the present application. After the coating is completed, it is cured.
In the embodiment of the application, when the liquid crystal layer is cured, the liquid crystal layer can be processed in a light curing mode. Preferably, the light source is 365nm curing light source. Meanwhile, in the treatment process, the treatment temperature is controlled to be less than 100 ℃, and the treatment time is controlled to be less than 30min. And finally the compensation layer 102 is obtained. In the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the compensation layer 102 is preferably 2.7um.
Further, a liquid crystal polarizing layer 103 is continuously formed on the compensation layer 102. Specifically, a first alignment layer 1032 is prepared on the compensation layer 102 and cured, and after the curing is completed, a first liquid crystal layer 1031 is further coated on the first alignment layer 1032, and the first liquid crystal layer 1031 is cured to form the liquid crystal polarization layer 103 provided in the embodiments of the present application. Wherein, the included angle between the direction of the polarized light absorbed by the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal polarization layer and the slow axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the compensation layer is 45 degrees.
In the embodiment of the application, the compensation layer and the liquid crystal polarization layer replace commonly used polaroids, so that light rays are effectively acted, and the integral black display effect of the display panel is realized. In the embodiment of the present application, the reflectivity of the compensation layer 102 is not greater than 4.7%, so that the transmittance of the reflected line can be effectively reduced, and the integral black effect of the display panel can be improved.
In the embodiment of the present application, the compensation layer may be applied to different display devices and panels, and the display panel may be any product or component having a display function, such as a mobile phone, a computer, electronic paper, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, and the specific type of the product or component is not particularly limited.
In summary, the display panel and the display device provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, and the principle and the implementation manner of the present invention are described herein by applying specific examples, and the description of the above embodiments is only used to help understanding the technical solution and the core idea of the present invention; although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. A display panel, comprising:
a panel main body;
the compensation layer is arranged on the light emergent side of the panel main body;
a liquid crystal polarizing layer disposed on the compensation layer; and the number of the first and second groups,
a cover plate disposed on the liquid crystal polarizing layer;
liquid crystal molecules are arranged in the compensation layer and the liquid crystal polarization layer, the direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal polarization layer for absorbing polarized light and the slow axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the compensation layer form an included angle of 45 degrees.
2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the display panel further comprises an optical glue layer, and the liquid crystal polarizing layer further comprises a first alignment layer and a first liquid crystal layer;
wherein, first alignment layer sets up the surface of compensation layer, first liquid crystal layer sets up the surface on first alignment layer, the optics glue film sets up the surface of first liquid crystal layer, just the apron sets up the surface on optics glue film.
3. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein the thickness of the first liquid crystal layer is set to 1um to 10um.
4. The display panel of claim 1, wherein the compensation layer further comprises a second alignment layer disposed on a surface of the panel body and a second liquid crystal layer disposed on a surface of the second alignment layer, and wherein the first alignment layer of the liquid crystal polarization layer is disposed on a surface of the second liquid crystal layer.
5. The display panel of claim 4, wherein the thickness of the first alignment layer is the same as the thickness of the second alignment layer.
6. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal molecules in the compensation layer are all disposed toward the same direction, and an angle of a pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the compensation layer is 0 °.
7. The display panel of claim 6, wherein each of the liquid crystal molecules within the compensation layer comprises a first refractive index, and a second refractive index;
the first refractive index is the refractive index of extraordinary rays formed by the light entering the liquid crystal molecules, and the second refractive index is the refractive index of ordinary rays formed by the light entering the liquid crystal molecules;
wherein the first refractive index is 1.600-1.630, and the second refractive index is 1.550-1.580.
8. The display panel of claim 1, wherein the compensation layer comprises a first liquid crystal compensation layer and a second liquid crystal compensation layer;
the first liquid crystal compensation layer is arranged on the surface of the panel main body, the second liquid crystal compensation layer is arranged on the surface of the first liquid crystal compensation layer, and the liquid crystal polarization layer is arranged on the surface of the second liquid crystal compensation layer.
9. The display panel according to claim 8, wherein the slow axes of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal compensation layer are all oriented in a first direction, and the slow axes of the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal compensation layer are all oriented in a second direction;
the orthographic projection of the first direction and the second direction on the same plane has an included angle which is set to be 60-80 degrees.
10. The display panel according to claim 9, wherein the first liquid crystal compensation layer and the second liquid crystal compensation layer have the same thickness, and the pretilt angles of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal compensation layer and the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal compensation layer are both 0 °.
11. The display panel of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the compensation layer is 1um to 10um.
12. The display panel of claim 1, wherein the compensation layer has a light reflectivity of less than 4.7%.
13. A display device characterized in that it comprises a display panel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12.
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| CN202211280737.4A CN115576131B (en) | 2022-10-19 | 2022-10-19 | Display panel and display device |
| PCT/CN2023/078871 WO2024082512A1 (en) | 2022-10-19 | 2023-02-28 | Display panel and display apparatus |
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| CN202211280737.4A CN115576131B (en) | 2022-10-19 | 2022-10-19 | Display panel and display device |
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| WO2024082512A1 (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2024-04-25 | 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | Display panel and display apparatus |
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| CN115576131B (en) | 2023-11-28 |
| WO2024082512A1 (en) | 2024-04-25 |
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