CN115572404A - High-barrier composite film based on blow molding polyethylene film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-barrier composite film based on blow molding polyethylene film and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN115572404A
CN115572404A CN202211568041.1A CN202211568041A CN115572404A CN 115572404 A CN115572404 A CN 115572404A CN 202211568041 A CN202211568041 A CN 202211568041A CN 115572404 A CN115572404 A CN 115572404A
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polyethylene
extruder
polyvinyl alcohol
polyethylene film
composite film
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CN115572404B (en
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杨伟宏
黄海鹏
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Shantou Xinruiqinuo Packaging Materials Co ltd
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Shantou Xinruiqinuo Packaging Materials Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/04—Coating
    • C08J7/048—Forming gas barrier coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/02—Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
    • B29C49/04—Extrusion blow-moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C55/28—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of blown tubular films, e.g. by inflation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/04—Coating
    • C08J7/042—Coating with two or more layers, where at least one layer of a composition contains a polymer binder
    • C08J7/0423—Coating with two or more layers, where at least one layer of a composition contains a polymer binder with at least one layer of inorganic material and at least one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/08—Oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08J2323/06—Polyethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2429/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
    • C08J2429/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
    • C08J2429/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
    • C08K7/24—Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
    • C08K7/26—Silicon- containing compounds

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-barrier composite film based on a blow molding polyethylene film and a preparation method thereof. The high-barrier composite film prepared by the method comprises a substrate layer, a nano coating layer and an inorganic oxide layer which are sequentially arranged; the polyethylene film is used as a base material layer material, so that the polyethylene film not only has excellent mechanical properties, but also can play a role in blocking water vapor; the polyvinyl alcohol coating is used as a coating layer material and mainly plays roles in oxygen blocking and bonding; the inorganic oxide is used as the material of the inorganic oxide layer, and the excellent performances of oxygen barrier, water vapor barrier and organic odor barrier can be provided. Under the combined action of the three-layer structure, the composite film has high barrier property and is suitable for packaging liquid food.

Description

High-barrier composite film based on blow molding polyethylene film and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of packaging, and particularly provides a high-barrier composite film based on a blow-molded polyethylene film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Polyethylene is a high molecular organic compound formed by performing addition polymerization on ethylene, has the characteristics of no toxicity, no odor and no odor, is a worldwide accepted optimal material for contacting food, and meets the food packaging hygienic standard. Because of the poor gas barrier property of polyethylene, even if a packaging film prepared by multilayer polyethylene coextrusion is adopted, the barrier property is still poor, and the polyethylene is not suitable for packaging liquid foods such as beverages, fruit juice, milk and the like.
The invention patent with publication number CN113308013B discloses a high-barrier composite film for packaging sensitive medicinal materials and a preparation method thereof, synergistic liquid is coated on two surfaces of a polyethylene film, the synergistic liquid is prepared by uniformly mixing a synergistic agent and absolute ethyl alcohol, the synergistic agent is prepared by inorganic filler, a zinc citrate solution, a mixture of dimethyl carbonate and absolute ethyl alcohol, a mixture of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and polyethylene glycol terephthalate, a coupling agent and anhydride, and the high-barrier composite film is used for packaging solid articles such as medicines and has a good barrier effect. However, in the case of liquid foods such as milk, there is a risk that the components of the synergist migrate into the liquid food by directly contacting the surface of the composite film, and this may cause a potential hazard to the health of the consumer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a preparation method of a high-barrier composite film based on a blow-molded polyethylene film.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a high-barrier composite film based on a blow molding polyethylene film comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a polyethylene film by a blow molding method: heating and melting polyethylene, extruding and molding the polyethylene into a tubular film blank, then blowing the tubular film blank to a set thickness, and cooling and shaping to obtain a polyethylene film;
step two, taking the polyethylene film prepared in the step one as a substrate layer, and coating a polyvinyl alcohol coating on the surface of the substrate layer to form a coating layer;
evaporating inorganic oxide on the surface of the coating layer to form an inorganic oxide layer; the substrate layer, the coating layer and the inorganic oxide layer constitute a high barrier composite film based on a blown polyethylene film.
Preferably, the polyethylene comprises low density polyethylene and high density polyethylene; the mass percentage of the low-density polyethylene to the high-density polyethylene is 30 percent to 70 percent to 40 percent to 60 percent; the density of the low-density polyethylene is 0.91-0.93g/cm 3 (ii) a The density of the high-density polyethylene is 0.95-0.97g/cm 3 (ii) a The set thickness is 20-30 μm.
Preferably, the polyvinyl alcohol coating is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 1-10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol resin, 0.1-0.5 part of formaldehyde aqueous solution, 0.3-2 parts of urea, 0.1-0.5 part of nano silicon dioxide and 50-80 parts of deionized water; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding polyvinyl alcohol resin into deionized water under the condition of stirring, heating to 90-95 ℃, and preserving heat for 1-2 hours until the polyvinyl alcohol resin is completely dissolved to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution;
(2) Cooling to below 65 ℃, adding an acid solution, and adjusting the pH value of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution to 2-2.5;
(3) Dripping formaldehyde water solution, heating to 90-95 ℃, and reacting for 1-1.5h under heat preservation;
(4) Cooling to below 65 ℃, adding alkali liquor, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 7-8;
(5) Adding urea, heating to 90-95 ℃, and reacting for 1-2h under the condition of heat preservation;
(6) After the reaction is finished, cooling to 40-50 ℃, adding nano silicon dioxide, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol coating; the acid solution comprises 2mol/L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, and the alkali liquor comprises monoethanolamine; the dry coating amount of the polyvinyl alcohol coating (the polyvinyl alcohol coating is coated on the surface of the substrate layer and driedMass per unit area of the coating layer formed after drying and curing) of 0.1 to 1g/m 2 。
Preferably, the inorganic oxide comprises alumina.
Preferably, the thickness of the formed inorganic oxide layer is 10 to 30nm; the inorganic oxide layer has an OD (optical density) value of 0.10 to 0.25.
Preferably, a protective layer is coated on the surface of the inorganic oxide layer, so that mechanical damage to the surface of the high-barrier composite film caused by printing equipment can be prevented when the surface is printed, and the barrier property of the inorganic oxide layer can be further enhanced.
Preferably, the invention discloses a high-barrier composite film based on a blow-molded polyethylene film, which is prepared by adopting the preparation method of the high-barrier composite film based on the blow-molded polyethylene film.
The invention also discloses a film blowing device, which comprises a frame body and an adaptive mechanism arranged on the frame body, wherein an extruder is arranged below the frame body, a traction motor is arranged above the frame body and drives the extruder to operate, the extruder heats, melts and extrudes polyethylene, and the traction force of the traction motor pulls an extruded and blown film barrel; the adaptive mechanism comprises a speed distribution gear set, the speed distribution gear set is arranged at the connection part of the power connection of the traction motor and the extruder, the sizes of all gears in the speed distribution gear set are different, and the gears used in the speed distribution gear set are changed to change the running speed of the extruder driven by the traction motor.
Preferably, the extruder is fixedly installed below the frame body, a feed hopper is fixedly installed on one side of the extruder, the feed hopper is communicated with the extruder, a die head is fixedly installed on the other side of the extruder, the die head is communicated with the extruder, an air ring is fixedly installed on the die head, and the air ring is used for blowing and expanding the molten polyethylene extruded by the die head.
Preferably, the fan is fixedly installed below the frame body, a flow distribution box is arranged beside the fan, the flow distribution box is communicated with the air outlet end of the fan, a plurality of hoses are arranged between the flow distribution box and the air ring, and the flow distribution box is communicated with the air ring through the hoses.
Preferably, support body top normal running fit has a plurality of carry over pinch rolls, the carry over pinch rolls pastes each other, the carry over pinch rolls with the die head is perpendicular relative, the epaxial equal fixed mounting of carry over pinch rolls has subtend gear, mesh mutually between the subtend gear, support body top fixed mounting has traction motor, traction motor with subtend gear power is connected, support body top normal running fit has the leading wheel, the axle of leading wheel with traction motor's epaxial tensioning has first belt.
Preferably, a herringbone plate is fixedly mounted above the frame body and located below the traction rollers, the herringbone plate is opposite to the traction rollers in attaching positions, a plurality of auxiliary rollers are rotatably matched on the frame body and located below the guide wheels, a positioning roller is rotatably matched below the frame body and located below the auxiliary rollers, a winding roller is rotatably matched below the frame body and located on one side of the positioning roller.
Preferably, the adapting mechanism further comprises a hydraulic rod, a shaft rod, a belt wheel, a second belt, a bearing and a positioning frame, the hydraulic rod is fixedly mounted on the frame body, the shaft rod is rotatably matched on a push rod of the hydraulic rod, a limiting sliding groove is formed in the shaft rod, the belt wheel is rotatably matched on the shaft rod, the belt wheel is in sliding fit with the limiting sliding groove of the shaft rod, the second belt is tensioned on a shaft of the traction motor and the belt wheel, the bearing is arranged on the frame body, an inner ring of the bearing is fixedly mounted on the frame body, the bearing sleeve is arranged outside the hydraulic rod, the positioning frame is fixedly mounted on an outer ring of the bearing, and the positioning frame is fixedly mounted on the belt wheel.
Preferably, a support frame is fixedly mounted on the extruder, an auxiliary arm is rotatably matched on the support frame, a driven gear is rotatably matched on the auxiliary arm, the speed-matching gear set is fixedly mounted on the shaft rod, the speed-matching gear set is meshed with the driven gear, a driving wheel is rotatably matched on the support frame, a third belt is tensioned on the driving wheel and on the shaft of the driven gear, a bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the driving wheel, and the bevel gear is in power connection with the extruder.
Preferably, a linkage rod is matched with the extruder in a rotating mode, a first bevel gear is fixedly mounted at one end of the linkage rod, a second bevel gear is fixedly mounted on a shaft of the auxiliary arm, the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear, a connecting frame is fixedly mounted on an extension rod of the hydraulic rod, a rack is fixedly mounted on the connecting frame, a linkage gear is fixedly mounted at the other end of the linkage rod, and the linkage gear is meshed with the rack.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the high-barrier composite film prepared by the invention comprises a substrate layer, a coating layer and an inorganic oxide layer which are sequentially arranged; the polyethylene material is used as the base material layer, so that the polyethylene material not only has excellent mechanical property, but also can play a role in blocking water vapor; the polyvinyl alcohol coating is used as a coating layer and mainly plays roles in oxygen blocking and bonding; the inorganic oxide layer formed by evaporating the inorganic oxide has good barrier property to gases such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor and the like and organic odor; under the combined action of the three-layer structure, the composite film has high barrier property and is suitable for packaging liquid products.
The polyethylene film is used as a base material layer, and is directly contacted with liquid food such as milk, fruit juice and the like due to the characteristics of no toxicity, no odor and no odor, so that the safety performance is high, and the polyethylene film meets the food packaging sanitary standard; the polyethylene film is prepared based on a blow molding process, and compared with the polyethylene film prepared by the traditional melt hot-pressing process, the thickness and uniformity of the film are more controllable; the polyethylene is mixed with low-density polyethylene and high-density polyethylene for use, the high-density polyethylene can increase the directional crystallization degree of the film, and the low-density polyethylene can play a transition role in the crystallization degree and can also improve the interlaminar composite strength, so that the polyethylene film has better strength; in the polyvinyl alcohol coating, polyvinyl alcohol is used as a main raw material, the polyvinyl alcohol reacts with formaldehyde aqueous solution and urea to form polyvinyl formal, namely, acetalization crosslinking reaction is carried out between the polyvinyl alcohol to form a space network structure, the prepared polyvinyl alcohol coating has high uniformity, good bonding property and good film forming property, meanwhile, because the added nano-silica has a large number of hydroxyl groups on the surface, has good compatibility with the polyvinyl alcohol, can be uniformly distributed in the polyvinyl alcohol coating, and prevents gases such as oxygen from circulating and diffusing among network gaps of the polyvinyl formal with the space network structure, thereby further improving the barrier property of a coating layer formed by the polyvinyl alcohol coating; in the preparation process of the polyvinyl alcohol coating, after polyvinyl alcohol reacts with a formaldehyde aqueous solution, the pH value is adjusted to be neutral to alkalescence by using an alkali liquor, and the added excessive urea can perform condensation reaction with free formaldehyde existing in a reaction solution, so that the aim of absorbing the free formaldehyde in the solution is fulfilled, and the harm to human health and the pollution to the environment caused by using a formaldehyde raw material can be completely avoided; according to the film blowing device, after raw materials are fed into the extruder, the traction motor is started, the traction motor drives the extruder to operate, the traction motor provides the blowing speed and the traction speed at the same time, the gears with different sizes in the speed distribution gear set are exchanged to form transmission speeds with different transmission ratios, the ratio of the blowing speed to the traction speed is changed, and the blowing speed and the traction speed are provided by the traction motor, so that the ratio of the blowing speed to the traction speed is stable and unchanged when the speed distribution gear set is used for transmission, the phenomenon that products are unqualified when the film blowing device enhances the traction speed to meet the requirements of different thicknesses of polyethylene films is avoided, further the loss of the polyethylene films is prevented, the stability of the film blowing device is improved, and the production quality of the polyethylene films is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for preparing a high barrier composite film based on a blown polyethylene film according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of testing the barrier properties of a high barrier composite film based on a blown polyethylene film according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a frame of the film blowing device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a wind-up roll of the film blowing device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a V-shaped plate of the film blowing device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an adapting mechanism of the film blowing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the film blowing apparatus of the present invention at the extruder;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the film blowing apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a frame body; 11. an extruder; 12. a feed hopper; 13. a die head; 14. a wind ring; 15. a fan; 16. a shunt box; 17. a traction roller; 18. an opposite gear; 19. a traction motor; 110. a guide wheel; 111. a first belt; 112. a herringbone plate; 113. an auxiliary roller; 114. a positioning roller; 115. a wind-up roll; 2. an adapting mechanism; 21. a hydraulic lever; 22. a shaft lever; 23. a pulley; 24. a second belt; 25. a bearing; 26. a positioning frame; 27. a support frame; 28. an auxiliary arm; 29. a driven gear; 210. a speed-matching gear set; 211. a driving wheel; 212. a third belt; 213. a bevel gear; 214. a linkage rod; 215. a first bevel gear; 216. a second bevel gear; 217. a connecting frame; 218. a rack; 219. a linkage gear.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a high-barrier composite film based on a blow molding polyethylene film comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a polyethylene film by a blow molding method: heating and melting polyethylene at 200 ℃, extruding and molding the polyethylene into a tubular film blank, then blowing the tubular film blank to a set thickness, cooling and shaping to obtain the polyethyleneA film; wherein the mass percent of the low-density polyethylene is 40 percent, and the mass percent of the high-density polyethylene is 60 percent; the density of the low-density polyethylene is 0.91g/cm 3 (ii) a The density of the high-density polyethylene is 0.95g/cm 3 (ii) a The set thickness is 30 μm, i.e. the thickness of the polyethylene film is 30 μm;
secondly, taking the polyethylene film as a base material layer of the composite film, and coating polyvinyl alcohol paint on the surface of the base material layer to form a coating layer; the polyvinyl alcohol coating is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol resin, 0.1 part of formaldehyde aqueous solution, 0.3 part of urea, 0.1 part of nano silicon dioxide and 50 parts of deionized water; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding polyvinyl alcohol resin into deionized water under the condition of stirring, heating to 90 ℃, and preserving heat for 2 hours until the polyvinyl alcohol resin is completely dissolved to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution;
(2) Cooling to below 65 ℃, adding 2mol/L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, and adjusting the pH value of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution to 2.0;
(3) Dripping formaldehyde aqueous solution, heating to 90 ℃, and reacting for 1.5h under heat preservation;
(4) Cooling to below 65 ℃, adding monoethanolamine, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 7;
(5) Adding urea, heating to 90 ℃, and reacting for 2 hours in a heat preservation manner;
(6) After the reaction is finished, cooling to 40 ℃, adding nano silicon dioxide, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol coating;
the dry coating amount of the polyvinyl alcohol coating is 1g/m 2 ；
Evaporating aluminum oxide on the surface of the coating layer to form an inorganic oxide layer; the thickness of the formed inorganic oxide layer is 10nm; the OD value of the inorganic oxide layer was 0.25; the substrate layer, the coating layer and the inorganic oxide layer constitute a high barrier composite film based on a blown polyethylene film.
Example 2
A preparation method of a high-barrier composite film based on a blow molding polyethylene film comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a polyethylene film by a blow molding method:heating and melting polyethylene at 250 ℃, extruding and molding the polyethylene into a tubular film blank, then blowing the tubular film blank to a set thickness, and cooling and shaping to obtain a polyethylene film; wherein the mass percent of the low-density polyethylene is 30 percent, and the mass percent of the high-density polyethylene is 70 percent; the density of the low density polyethylene is 0.93g/cm 3 (ii) a The density of the high-density polyethylene is 0.97g/cm 3 (ii) a The set thickness is 20 μm, i.e. the thickness of the polyethylene film is 20 μm;
secondly, taking the polyethylene film as a base material layer of the composite film, and coating polyvinyl alcohol paint on the surface of the base material layer to form a coating layer; the polyvinyl alcohol coating is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol resin, 0.5 part of formaldehyde aqueous solution, 2 parts of urea, 0.5 part of nano silicon dioxide and 80 parts of deionized water; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding polyvinyl alcohol resin into deionized water under the condition of stirring, heating to 95 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1h until the polyvinyl alcohol resin is completely dissolved to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution;
(2) Cooling to below 65 ℃, adding 2mol/L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, and adjusting the pH value of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution to 2.5;
(3) Dripping formaldehyde aqueous solution, heating to 95 ℃, and reacting for 1h under heat preservation;
(4) Cooling to below 65 ℃, adding monoethanolamine, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 8;
(5) Adding urea, heating to 95 ℃, and reacting for 1h under the condition of heat preservation;
(6) After the reaction is finished, cooling to 50 ℃, adding nano aluminum oxide, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol coating; the dry coating amount of the polyvinyl alcohol coating is 0.1g/m 2 ；
Evaporating aluminum oxide on the surface of the coating layer to form an inorganic oxide layer; the thickness of the formed inorganic oxide layer is 30nm; the OD value of the inorganic oxide layer was 0.10; the substrate layer, the coating layer and the inorganic oxide layer constitute a high barrier composite film based on a blown polyethylene film.
Example 3
A preparation method of a high-barrier composite film based on a blow molding polyethylene film comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a polyethylene film by a blow molding method: heating and melting polyethylene at 220 ℃, extruding and molding the polyethylene into a tubular film blank, then blowing the tubular film blank to a set thickness, and cooling and shaping to obtain a polyethylene film; wherein the mass percent of the low-density polyethylene is 35 percent, and the mass percent of the high-density polyethylene is 65 percent; the density of the low density polyethylene is 0.92g/cm 3 (ii) a The density of the high-density polyethylene is 0.96g/cm 3 (ii) a The set thickness is 25 μm, i.e. the thickness of the polyethylene film is 25 μm;
secondly, taking the polyethylene film as a base material layer of the composite film, and coating polyvinyl alcohol paint on the surface of the base material layer to form a coating layer; the polyvinyl alcohol coating is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol resin, 0.3 part of formaldehyde aqueous solution, 1 part of urea, 0.3 part of nano silicon dioxide and 65 parts of deionized water; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding polyvinyl alcohol resin into deionized water under the condition of stirring, heating to 95 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1h until the polyvinyl alcohol resin is completely dissolved to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution;
(2) Cooling to below 65 ℃, adding 2mol/L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, and adjusting the pH value of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution to 2.5;
(3) Dripping formaldehyde aqueous solution, heating to 90 ℃, and reacting for 1.5h under heat preservation;
(4) Cooling to below 65 ℃, adding monoethanolamine, and adjusting the pH of the solution to 7.5;
(5) Adding urea, heating to 90 ℃, and reacting for 1.5h under the condition of heat preservation;
(6) After the reaction is finished, cooling to 45 ℃, adding nano silicon dioxide, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol coating;
the dry coating amount of the polyvinyl alcohol coating is 0.5g/m 2 ；
Evaporating aluminum oxide on the surface of the coating layer to form an inorganic oxide layer; the thickness of the formed inorganic oxide layer is 20nm; the OD value of the inorganic oxide layer was 0.15; the substrate layer, the coating layer and the inorganic oxide layer constitute a high barrier composite film based on a blown polyethylene film.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of a high-barrier composite film based on a blow molding polyethylene film comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a polyethylene film by a blow molding method: heating and melting polyethylene at 145 ℃, extruding and molding the polyethylene into a tubular film blank, then blowing the tubular film blank to a set thickness, and cooling and shaping to obtain a polyethylene film; wherein, the mass ratio of the low-density polyethylene to the high-density polyethylene is 35 percent to 65 percent; the density of the low-density polyethylene is 0.92g/cm 3 (ii) a The density of the high-density polyethylene is 0.96g/cm 3 (ii) a The set thickness is 25 μm, i.e. the thickness of the polyethylene film is 25 μm;
secondly, taking the polyethylene film as a base material layer of the composite film, and coating polyvinyl alcohol paint on the surface of the base material layer to form a coating layer; the polyvinyl alcohol coating is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol resin, 0.3 part of nano silicon dioxide and 65 parts of deionized water; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding polyvinyl alcohol resin into deionized water under the condition of stirring, heating to 95 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1h until the polyvinyl alcohol resin is completely dissolved to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution;
(2) Cooling to 45 ℃, adding nano silicon dioxide, stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain polyvinyl alcohol coating; the dry coating amount of the polyvinyl alcohol coating is 0.5g/m 2 ；
Evaporating aluminum oxide on the surface of the coating layer to form an inorganic oxide layer; the thickness of the formed inorganic oxide layer is 20nm; the OD value of the inorganic oxide layer was 0.15; the substrate layer, the coating layer and the inorganic oxide layer constitute a high barrier composite film based on a blown polyethylene film.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a high-barrier composite film based on a blow molding polyethylene film comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a polyethylene film by a blow molding method: heating polyethylene at 145 deg.C for melting, extruding to obtain tubular film blank, blowing to a certain thickness, cooling for shaping,obtaining a polyethylene film; wherein, the mass ratio of the low-density polyethylene to the high-density polyethylene is 35 percent to 65 percent; the density of the low-density polyethylene is 0.92g/cm 3 (ii) a The density of the high-density polyethylene is 0.96g/cm 3 (ii) a The set thickness is 25 μm, i.e. the thickness of the polyethylene film is 25 μm;
secondly, taking the polyethylene film as a base material layer of the composite film, and coating polyvinyl alcohol paint on the surface of the base material layer to form a coating layer; the polyvinyl alcohol coating is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol resin, 0.3 part of formaldehyde aqueous solution, 1 part of urea, 0.3 part of nano silicon dioxide and 65 parts of deionized water; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding polyvinyl alcohol resin into deionized water under the condition of stirring, heating to 95 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1h until the polyvinyl alcohol resin is completely dissolved to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution;
(2) Cooling to below 65 ℃, adding 2mol/L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, and adjusting the pH value of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution to 2.5;
(3) Dripping formaldehyde aqueous solution, heating to 90 ℃, and reacting for 1.5h under heat preservation;
(4) Cooling to below 65 ℃, adding monoethanolamine, and adjusting the pH of the solution to 7.5;
(5) Adding urea, heating to 90 ℃, and reacting for 1.5 hours under the condition of heat preservation;
(6) After the reaction is finished, cooling to 45 ℃, adding nano silicon dioxide, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol coating; the dry coating amount of the polyvinyl alcohol coating is 0.5g/m 2 (ii) a The substrate layer and the coating layer constitute a high-barrier composite film based on a blown polyethylene film.
In the above examples and comparative examples, after coating the surface of the base material layer with the polyvinyl alcohol coating, the polyvinyl alcohol coating was cured by drying at 50 ℃ for 2 hours to form a coating layer; when depositing alumina on the surface of the coating layer, placing the aluminum particles with purity of over 99.9% in an electron beam thermal evaporation coating device, and vacuumizing (vacuum degree of 5 × 10) -3 Pa), melting aluminum particles, introducing high-purity oxygen with the purity of 99.9 percent, the aluminum vapor reacts with oxygen to generate aluminum oxide, the aluminum oxide is evaporated and plated on the coating layer, and the aluminum oxide is cooled to obtain the aluminum-coated aluminum alloyAn inorganic oxide layer; the polyvinyl alcohol is provided by Anhui Weigao New materials, inc., and has a cargo number: 1799; the formaldehyde aqueous solution is provided by Shandong Chuangli new material company Limited, the mass percentage of the formaldehyde is 37 percent, and the product number is as follows: JQ-2002; the nano silicon dioxide is provided by Jiangsu Tianxing new material company, and has the following model: TSP-H10 with the particle size of 20nm; the aluminum particles are provided by Shandong Yuetsu chemical Co., ltd, and the particle size is as follows: 0.5-1mm.
Test examples
The high-barrier composite films prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were subjected to barrier property test:
(1) The oxygen transmission rate is measured according to the method specified in the standard ASTM D3985-2017;
(2) The water vapour transmission rate is measured according to the method specified in the standard ASTM F1249-2020;
(3) The organic odour barrier properties were tested according to the method specified in standard GB/T28765-2012;
the test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Figure 208111DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
As can be seen from table 1, the high barrier composite film prepared in the present invention has excellent barrier properties, and can effectively block oxygen, water vapor and organic odors. The larger the thickness of the polyethylene film is, the better the water vapor barrier property is; in the polyvinyl alcohol coating, the higher the polyvinyl alcohol content and the nano silicon dioxide content are, the better the oxygen barrier performance is; the inorganic oxide layer has obvious effect on the barrier performance of oxygen, water vapor and organic smell. In the comparative example 1, as the formaldehyde solution is not added to react with the urea and the polyvinyl alcohol, the polyvinyl alcohol molecules can not form a cross-linking to form a space network structure, the barrier property of the formed coating layer to oxygen is obviously reduced, and the barrier property to water vapor and organic gas is not greatly influenced; in comparative example 2, since the inorganic oxide was not deposited on the surface of the coating layer, the barrier properties against oxygen, water vapor and organic odor were all reduced in the case where the inorganic oxide layer was absent.
Example 4
This example provides a film blowing apparatus capable of producing a polyethylene film by the blow molding method in step one of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 described above.
As shown in fig. 3, a film blowing device comprises a frame body 1 and an adapting mechanism 2 arranged on the frame body 1, wherein an extruder 11 is arranged below the frame body 1, a traction motor 19 is arranged above the frame body 1, the traction motor 19 drives the extruder 11 to operate, the extruder 11 heats, melts and extrudes polyethylene, and the traction force of the traction motor 19 pulls an extruded and blown film tube; the adapting mechanism 2 comprises a speed distribution gear set 210, the speed distribution gear set 210 is arranged at the connecting position of the traction motor 19 and the power connection of the extruder 11, the sizes of all gears in the speed distribution gear set 210 are different, and the gears in the speed distribution gear set 210 are used in a conversion mode so as to change the running speed of the extruder 11 driven by the traction motor 19.
Further, the extrusion speed of the extruder 11 is the blowing speed of the molten polyethylene.
When in use: after polyethylene is sent into the extruder 11, the traction motor 19 is started, the traction motor 19 drives the extruder 11 to operate, the traction motor 19 simultaneously provides the blowing speed and the traction speed, gears with different sizes in the speed distribution gear set 210 are exchanged to form transmission speeds with different transmission ratios, the ratio of the blowing speed to the traction speed is changed, and the blowing speed and the traction speed are provided by the traction motor 19, so that when the speed distribution gear set 210 transmits, the ratio of the blowing speed to the traction speed is stable and unchanged, the problem that products are unqualified when the polyethylene film is produced due to the fact that the traction speed is enhanced by a film blowing device in order to meet different thickness requirements of the polyethylene film is avoided, further, loss of the polyethylene film is prevented, the stability of the film blowing device is improved, and the production quality of the polyethylene film is improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 3-4, an extruder 11 is fixedly installed below the frame body 1, a feed hopper 12 is fixedly installed on one side of the extruder 11, the feed hopper 12 is communicated with the extruder 11, a die head 13 is fixedly installed on the other side of the extruder 11, the die head 13 is communicated with the extruder 11, an air ring 14 is fixedly installed on the die head 13, and the air ring 14 performs a blowing process on the molten polyethylene extruded by the die head 13.
Further, as shown in fig. 3-4, a fan 15 is fixedly installed below the frame body 1, a flow distribution box 16 is arranged beside the fan 15, the flow distribution box 16 is communicated with an air outlet end of the fan 15, a plurality of hoses are arranged between the flow distribution box 16 and the air ring 14, and the flow distribution box 16 is communicated with the air ring 14 through the hoses.
Further, as shown in fig. 3-4, a plurality of pulling rollers 17 are rotatably fitted above the frame body 1, the pulling rollers 17 are attached to each other, the pulling rollers 17 are vertically opposite to the die head 13, opposite gears 18 are fixedly mounted on shafts of the pulling rollers 17, the opposite gears 18 are engaged with each other, a pulling motor 19 is fixedly mounted above the frame body 1, the pulling motor 19 is in power connection with the opposite gears 18, a guide wheel 110 is rotatably fitted above the frame body 1, and a first belt 111 is tensioned on a shaft of the guide wheel 110 and a shaft of the pulling motor 19.
Further, as shown in fig. 3-5, a chevron plate 112 is fixedly mounted above the frame body 1, the chevron plate 112 is located below the traction rollers 17, the positions where the chevron plate 112 is attached to the plurality of traction rollers 17 are opposite, a plurality of auxiliary rollers 113 are rotatably fitted on the frame body 1, the auxiliary rollers 113 are all located below the guide wheel 110, a positioning roller 114 is rotatably fitted below the frame body 1, the positioning roller 114 is located below the auxiliary rollers 113, a winding roller 115 is rotatably fitted below the frame body 1, and the winding roller 115 is located on one side of the positioning roller 114.
The polyethylene is firstly put into a feed hopper 12, a traction motor 19 is started, the traction motor 19 drives an opposite gear 18 to rotate and drives an extruder 11 to operate, the opposite gear 18 drives a traction roller 17 to rotate oppositely, simultaneously, the traction motor 19 drives a first belt 111 to rotate, the first belt 111 drives a guide wheel 110 to rotate, so that the polyethylene is firstly put into the extruder 11 from the feed hopper 12, the polyethylene flows into a die head 13 after being heated and melted in the extruder 11, a fan 15 is started simultaneously, the fan 15 generates wind flow to enter a diversion box 16, the wind flow in the diversion box 16 flows into a wind ring 14 through a hose, the wind flow is blown to the molten polyethylene in the die head 13, so that the molten polyethylene is blown to form a film cylinder, the film cylinder is upwards conveyed, the film cylinder is limited through a herringbone plate 112, the film cylinder is conveyed into the traction roller 17, the film cylinder is pressed into a polyethylene film through the traction roller 17 and conveyed to the guide wheel 110, the polyethylene film is conveyed to an auxiliary roller 113, then the polyethylene film is conveyed to a positioning roller 115, and finally conveyed to a polyethylene winding roller 114.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, fig. 6, and fig. 7, the adapting mechanism 2 further includes a hydraulic rod 21, a shaft rod 22, a belt pulley 23, a second belt 24, a bearing 25, and a positioning frame 26, the hydraulic rod 21 is fixedly mounted on the frame body 1, the shaft rod 22 is rotatably fitted on a push rod of the hydraulic rod 21, a limiting chute is formed in the shaft rod 22, the belt pulley 23 is rotatably fitted on the shaft rod 22, the belt pulley 23 is slidably fitted with the limiting chute of the shaft rod 22, the second belt 24 is tensioned on the shaft of the belt pulley 23 and the traction motor 19, the bearing 25 is arranged on the frame body 1, an inner ring of the bearing 25 is fixedly mounted on the frame body 1, the bearing 25 is sleeved outside the hydraulic rod 21, the positioning frame 26 is fixedly mounted on an outer ring of the bearing 25, and the positioning frame 26 is fixedly mounted on the belt pulley 23.
Wherein, when the polyethylene film thickness of production needs to be adjusted (when need to change the proportion of inflation speed and traction speed promptly), start hydraulic stem 21, hydraulic stem 21 drives axostylus axostyle 22 and removes, relative position produces the removal between axostylus axostyle 22 and the band pulley 23, drive second belt 24 along with traction motor 19 and rotate, second belt 24 drives band pulley 23 simultaneously and rotates, and bearing 25 and locating rack 26 restriction band pulley 23 can't remove, make band pulley 23 remove and drive axostylus axostyle 22 and rotate in the spacing spout of axostylus axostyle 22, so that axostylus axostyle 22 rotates and removes.
Further, as shown in fig. 6-7, a support frame 27 is fixedly mounted on the extruder 11, an auxiliary arm 28 is rotatably fitted on the support frame 27, a driven gear 29 is rotatably fitted on the auxiliary arm 28, a speed-matching gear set 210 is fixedly mounted on the shaft rod 22, the speed-matching gear set 210 is engaged with the driven gear 29, a transmission wheel 211 is rotatably fitted on the support frame 27, a third belt 212 is tensioned on the transmission wheel 211 and on the shaft of the driven gear 29, a bevel gear 213 is fixedly mounted on the transmission wheel 211, and the bevel gear 213 is in power connection with the extruder 11.
Further, as shown in fig. 6 to 7, a linkage rod 214 is rotatably fitted on the extruder 11, a first bevel gear 215 is fixedly mounted at one end of the linkage rod 214, a second bevel gear 216 is fixedly mounted on a shaft of the auxiliary arm 28, the first bevel gear 215 is engaged with the second bevel gear 216, a connecting frame 217 is fixedly mounted on an extension rod of the hydraulic rod 21, a rack 218 is fixedly mounted on the connecting frame 217, a linkage gear 219 is fixedly mounted at the other end of the linkage rod 214, and the linkage gear 219 is engaged with the rack 218.
Wherein, along with the movement of the shaft lever 22, the extension rod of the hydraulic rod 21 drives the connecting frame 217 to move, the connecting frame 217 drives the rack 218 to move, the rack 218 drives the linkage gear 219 to rotate, the linkage gear 219 drives the linkage rod 214 to rotate, the linkage rod 214 drives the first bevel gear 215 to rotate, the first bevel gear 215 drives the second bevel gear 216 to rotate, the second bevel gear 216 drives the auxiliary arm 28 to rotate, the auxiliary arm 28 drives the driven gear 29 to deflect, and simultaneously, along with the movement of the shaft lever 22 driving the speed distribution gear set 210, the driven gear 29 is adapted to the gear of other size changed after moving in the speed distribution gear set 210, the driven gear 29 is engaged with the speed distribution gear set 210 again, so that along with the rotation of the shaft lever 22 driving the speed distribution gear set 210, the speed distribution gear set 210 drives the driven gear 29 to rotate, the driven gear 29 drives the third belt 212 to rotate, the third belt 212 drives the bevel gear 213 to rotate, the bevel gear 213 drives the extruder 11 to operate, thereby, after the change of the transmission ratio between the traction speed and the expansion speed, the production ratio of the production of the polyethylene film, and the production stability of the production and the required ratio of the polyethylene film are ensured.
The working principle is as follows: after polyethylene is fed into the extruder 11, the traction motor 19 is started, the traction motor 19 drives the extruder 11 to operate, the traction motor 19 simultaneously provides a blowing speed and a traction speed, gears with different sizes in the speed distribution gear set 210 are exchanged to form transmission speeds with different transmission ratios, the ratio of the blowing speed to the traction speed is changed, and the blowing speed and the traction speed are provided by the traction motor 19, so that the ratio of the blowing speed to the traction speed is stable and unchanged when the speed distribution gear set 210 transmits, the problem that products are unqualified when polyethylene films are produced due to the fact that the film blowing device enhances the traction speed in order to meet the requirements of different polyethylene film thicknesses is avoided, further, loss of the polyethylene films is prevented, the stability of the film blowing device is improved, and the production quality of the polyethylene films is improved; firstly, polyethylene is put into a feed hopper 12, a traction motor 19 is started, the traction motor 19 drives an opposite gear 18 to rotate and drives an extruder 11 to operate, the opposite gear 18 drives a traction roller 17 to rotate oppositely, meanwhile, the traction motor 19 drives a first belt 111 to rotate, the first belt 111 drives a guide wheel 110 to rotate, so that the polyethylene is firstly put into the extruder 11 from the feed hopper 12, the polyethylene is melted in the extruder 11 and then flows into a die head 13, meanwhile, a fan 15 is started, the fan 15 generates wind flow and enters a distribution box 16, the wind flow in the distribution box 16 enters a wind ring 14 through a hose, the wind flow is blown to the molten polyethylene in the die head 13, so that the molten polyethylene is blown to form a film cylinder, the molten polyethylene film cylinder is conveyed upwards, the film cylinder is limited through a lambdoidal plate 112, the film cylinder is conveyed to the traction roller 17, the film cylinder is pressed into a polyethylene film through the traction roller 17 and conveyed to the guide wheel 110, the polyethylene film is conveyed from the guide wheel 110 to an auxiliary roller 113, the polyethylene film is conveyed to a positioning roller 113, and finally conveyed to a finished polyethylene film winding roller 115, and the polyethylene film is conveyed to a polyethylene winding roller 114; when the thickness of the produced polyethylene film needs to be adjusted (namely, when the ratio of the blowing speed to the traction speed needs to be changed), the hydraulic rod 21 is started, the hydraulic rod 21 drives the shaft rod 22 to move, the relative position between the shaft rod 22 and the belt wheel 23 moves, the second belt 24 is driven to rotate along with the traction motor 19, the belt wheel 23 is driven to rotate by the second belt 24, the bearing 25 and the positioning frame 26 limit the movement of the belt wheel 23, and the belt wheel 23 moves in the limiting sliding groove of the shaft rod 22 and drives the shaft rod 22 to rotate so that the shaft rod 22 rotates and moves; meanwhile, along with the movement of the shaft lever 22, the extension rod of the hydraulic rod 21 drives the connecting frame 217 to move, the connecting frame 217 drives the rack 218 to move, the rack 218 drives the linkage gear 219 to rotate, the linkage gear 219 drives the linkage rod 214 to rotate, the linkage rod 214 drives the first bevel gear 215 to rotate, the first bevel gear 215 drives the second bevel gear 216 to rotate, the second bevel gear 216 drives the auxiliary arm 28 to rotate, the auxiliary arm 28 drives the driven gear 29 to deflect, and simultaneously, along with the movement of the shaft lever 22 driving the speed distribution gear set 210, the driven gear 29 is matched with the changed gears with different sizes in the speed distribution gear set 210, the driven gear 29 is meshed with the speed distribution gear set 210 again, so that along with the rotation of the shaft lever 22 driving the speed distribution gear set 210, the speed distribution gear set 210 drives the driven gear 29 to rotate, the driven gear 29 drives the third belt 212 to rotate, the third belt 212 drives the bevel gear 213 to rotate, the bevel gear 213 drives the extruder 11 to operate, and after the gear set 210 changes gears with different sizes, the transmission ratio between the traction speed and the blowing speed, the production ratio of the polyethylene film is changed, and the required ratio of the production speed and the blowing speed is ensured.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a high-barrier composite film based on a blow molding polyethylene film is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, preparing a polyethylene film by a blow molding method: heating and melting polyethylene, extruding and molding the polyethylene into a tubular film blank, then blowing the tubular film blank to a set thickness, and cooling and shaping to obtain a polyethylene film;
step two, taking the polyethylene film prepared in the step one as a substrate layer, and coating a polyvinyl alcohol coating on the surface of the substrate layer to form a coating layer;
evaporating inorganic oxide on the surface of the coating layer to form an inorganic oxide layer; the substrate layer, the coating layer and the inorganic oxide layer constitute a high barrier composite film based on a blown polyethylene film.
2. The method for preparing a high barrier composite film based on a blown polyethylene film according to claim 1, wherein the polyethylene comprises a low density polyethylene and a high density polyethylene; the mass percentage content ratio of the low-density polyethylene to the high-density polyethylene is 30 percent to 70 percent to 40 percent to 60 percent; the density of the low-density polyethylene is 0.91-0.93g/cm 3 (ii) a The density of the high-density polyethylene is 0.95-0.97g/cm 3 (ii) a The set thickness is 20-30 μm.
3. The preparation method of the high-barrier composite film based on the blown polyethylene film according to claim 1, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol coating is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 1-10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol resin, 0.1-0.5 part of formaldehyde aqueous solution, 0.3-2 parts of urea, 0.1-0.5 part of nano silicon dioxide and 50-80 parts of deionized water; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding polyvinyl alcohol resin into deionized water under the stirring condition, heating to 90-95 ℃, and preserving heat for 1-2h until the polyvinyl alcohol resin is completely dissolved to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution;
(2) Cooling to below 65 ℃, adding an acid solution, and adjusting the pH value of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution to 2-2.5;
(3) Dripping formaldehyde water solution, heating to 90-95 ℃, and reacting for 1-1.5h under heat preservation;
(4) Cooling to below 65 ℃, adding alkali liquor, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 7-8;
(5) Adding urea, heating to 90-95 ℃, and reacting for 1-2h under the condition of heat preservation;
(6) After the reaction is finished, cooling to 40-50 ℃, adding nano silicon dioxide, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol coating; the dry coating amount of the polyvinyl alcohol coating is 0.1-1g/m 2 。
4. The method for preparing a high barrier composite film based on a blown polyethylene film according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic oxide comprises alumina; the thickness of the formed inorganic oxide layer is 10-30nm; the inorganic oxide layer has an OD value of 0.10 to 0.25.
5. The method for preparing a high barrier composite film based on a blown polyethylene film according to claim 1, wherein a protective layer is coated on the surface of the inorganic oxide layer.
6. The method for preparing a high-barrier composite film based on a blown polyethylene film according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, a film blowing device is used for preparing the polyethylene film, and the film blowing device comprises a frame body and an adapting mechanism arranged on the frame body; an extruder is arranged below the frame body, a traction motor is arranged above the frame body, the traction motor drives the extruder to operate, the extruder heats, melts and extrudes polyethylene, and the traction force of the traction motor pulls and extrudes a blown film tube; the adaptive mechanism comprises a speed distribution gear set, the speed distribution gear set is arranged at the connection part of the traction motor and the extruder in power connection, the sizes of all gears in the speed distribution gear set are different, and the gears used in the speed distribution gear set are changed to change the running speed of the extruder driven by the traction motor; the utility model discloses a blowing device for molten polyethylene, including support body, extruder, feeder hopper, mould head, wind ring, support body below fixed mounting have the extruder, extruder one side fixed mounting has the feeder hopper, the feeder hopper with the extruder communicates with each other, fixed mounting has the mould head on the extruder opposite side, the mould head with the extruder communicates with each other, fixed mounting has the wind ring on the mould head, the wind ring is right the processing of inflation is carried out to the molten polyethylene that the mould head was extruded.
7. The method for preparing the high-barrier composite film based on the blown polyethylene film according to claim 6, wherein a fan is fixedly mounted below the frame body, a flow distribution box is arranged beside the fan and is communicated with an air outlet end of the fan, a plurality of hoses are arranged between the flow distribution box and the air ring, and the flow distribution box is communicated with the air ring through the hoses; support body top normal running fit has a plurality of carry over pinch rolls, the carry over pinch rolls pastes each other, the carry over pinch rolls with the die head is perpendicular relative, the epaxial equal fixed mounting of carry over pinch rolls has subtend gear, mesh mutually between the subtend gear, support body top fixed mounting has traction motor, traction motor with subtend gear power is connected, support body top normal running fit has the leading wheel, the axle of leading wheel with traction motor's epaxial tensioning has first belt.
8. The method for preparing the high-barrier composite film based on the blown polyethylene film according to claim 7, wherein a herringbone plate is fixedly installed above the frame body, the herringbone plate is located below the traction rollers, the herringbone plate is opposite to the attaching positions of the plurality of traction rollers, a plurality of auxiliary rollers are rotatably matched on the frame body, the auxiliary rollers are all located below the guide wheels, a positioning roller is rotatably matched below the frame body, the positioning roller is located below the auxiliary rollers, a winding roller is rotatably matched below the frame body, and the winding roller is located on one side of the positioning roller; the adaptive mechanism further comprises a hydraulic rod, a shaft rod, a belt wheel, a second belt, a bearing and a positioning frame, wherein the hydraulic rod is fixedly mounted on the frame body, the shaft rod is rotatably matched with a push rod of the hydraulic rod, a limiting sliding groove is formed in the shaft rod, the belt wheel is rotatably matched with the shaft rod, the belt wheel is in sliding fit with the limiting sliding groove of the shaft rod, the second belt is tensioned on the shaft of the traction motor and the belt wheel, the bearing is arranged on the frame body, an inner ring of the bearing is fixedly mounted on the frame body, the bearing sleeve is arranged outside the hydraulic rod, the positioning frame is fixedly mounted on an outer ring of the bearing, and the positioning frame is fixedly mounted on the belt wheel.
9. The method for preparing a high-barrier composite film based on a blown polyethylene film according to claim 8, wherein a support frame is fixedly arranged on the extruder, an auxiliary arm is rotatably matched on the support frame, a driven gear is rotatably matched on the auxiliary arm, the speed-matching gear set is fixedly arranged on the shaft rod, the speed-matching gear set is meshed with the driven gear, a driving wheel is rotatably matched on the support frame, a third belt is tensioned on the shaft of the driving wheel and the driven gear, a bevel gear is fixedly arranged on the driving wheel, and the bevel gear is in power connection with the extruder; the extruder is provided with a linkage rod in a rotating fit mode, a first bevel gear is fixedly mounted at one end of the linkage rod, a second bevel gear is fixedly mounted on a shaft of the auxiliary arm, the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear, a connecting frame is fixedly mounted on an extension rod of the hydraulic rod, a rack is fixedly mounted on the connecting frame, a linkage gear is fixedly mounted at the other end of the linkage rod, and the linkage gear is meshed with the rack.
10. A high barrier composite film based on a blown polyethylene film prepared by the method for preparing the high barrier composite film based on a blown polyethylene film according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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