CN115570408A

CN115570408A - Multi-station clamp for machining disc type parts with central holes

Info

Publication number: CN115570408A
Application number: CN202211176709.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢颂; 张岱; 戴若夫
Original assignee: Hunan Huayu Hengyuan Enterprise Management Partnership LP
Current assignee: Hunan Huayu Hengyuan Intelligent Equipment Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2022-09-26
Filing date: 2022-09-26
Publication date: 2023-01-06
Anticipated expiration: 2042-09-26
Also published as: CN115570408B

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-station clamp for machining a disc part with a central hole, which comprises a base, wherein a plurality of clamping stations are arranged on the base, each clamping station is provided with a fixing component for fixing a part, a transition feeding component is arranged on the base corresponding to each clamping station, and the transition feeding component is arranged on the base through a moving component and can be driven by the moving component to move so as to receive the part at a position separated from the fixing component and transfer the received part to the fixing component. The multi-station clamp has the advantages of simple and compact structure, small occupied space, low cost, simplicity and convenience in control and the like.

Description

Multi-station clamp for machining disc type parts with central holes

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of clamps, in particular to a multi-station clamp for machining a disc part with a central hole.

Background

When disc parts with center holes, such as motor brake groove discs, are produced in large batches, a production line is usually formed by a plurality of standard universal machine tools and robots in the traditional technology, and the robots are used for assisting the machine tools to feed and discharge, so that the rapid, efficient and intelligent automatic production is realized. Because a certain time beat is needed when the robot assists in feeding and discharging, if the time of machining parts by the machine tool is equivalent to the auxiliary working beat of the robot, one robot can only serve one machine tool, and if the time beat of machining parts by the machine tool is 2 times of the auxiliary working beat of the robot, one robot can serve 2 machine tools, and so on. In general, a production line requires a plurality of robots for auxiliary loading and unloading. Therefore, when parts with short processing time and large quantity are produced in batches, the multi-station clamp is designed to clamp and feed a plurality of parts at one time, the processing takt of clamping the machine tool at one time is prolonged as far as possible, and the method is an effective way for improving the cost performance of a production line, saving the investment and improving the input-output ratio.

However, multistation anchor clamps need set up a plurality of fixed subassemblies that are used for the fixed part of clamping, for example, the constant head tank, the locating pin, hold-down mechanism etc, the manipulator also need set up the grabbing device who snatchs a plurality of parts simultaneously, when unloading in step going on to a plurality of parts, have enough big operating space for guaranteeing that the manipulator has, need have great interval between the fixed subassembly, it is big to lead to anchor clamps occupation space, manipulator and fixed subassembly will need to avoid mutual interference when unloading, corresponding structural design is more complicated, the control degree of difficulty is also great relatively. Meanwhile, the manipulator directly and accurately feeds a plurality of parts to the fixed assembly of the multi-station fixture at one time, the positioning precision requirements of the fixture and the manipulator are extremely strict, especially under the condition that one manipulator serves a plurality of machine tools, the consistency of a plurality of multi-station machines on the plurality of machine tools is also required to be high, the equipment is made, assembled and debugged with great difficulty, the manufacturing cost is high, the manipulator is a positioning mechanism which enables the parts to be accurately aligned with the multi-station fixture, the operation speed needs to be reduced, the positioning time is long, the control difficulty is great, the quick, accurate and stable feeding and discharging conditions are difficult to realize, and the working efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and provides the multi-station clamp which has the advantages of simple and compact structure, small occupied space, low cost and simple and convenient control and is used for machining the disk parts with the central holes.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a multistation anchor clamps for taking centre bore dish class parts machining, includes the base, be equipped with a plurality of clamping stations on the base, each clamping station is equipped with the fixed subassembly that is used for fixed part, it all is equipped with transition material loading subassembly to correspond every clamping station on the base, transition material loading subassembly passes through the removal subassembly and installs on the base and can be removed by the removal subassembly drive in order to accept the part and shift to fixed subassembly in the position that breaks away from fixed subassembly.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

the transition feeding assembly comprises a transition tray, and the transition tray is provided with a receiving mechanism capable of receiving parts to be fed within a set allowable deviation range.

The bearing mechanism comprises an accommodating groove which is arranged on the transition tray and used for accommodating parts.

The bottom of the accommodating groove is also provided with more than one step of stepped grooves for accommodating parts with different specifications.

Fixed subassembly is including being used for supplying the part to lean on the locating plane of location, be used for with the part grafting cooperation in order to prevent the part along the locating part of locating plane removal and be used for the fixed part and make the part hug closely locating plane's fixed establishment, be equipped with on the locating plane and dodge the recess, the transition tray is deviate from when the part is accepted to the position that removes the subassembly drive transition material loading subassembly dodge the recess and make the part of accepting keep away from locating plane and locating part, transition tray holding is in when the part that removes subassembly drive transition material loading subassembly will accept shifts to fixed subassembly on the dodge in the recess so that the part supports to lean on location and part and locating part grafting cooperation with the locating part with the locating plane.

The moving assembly drives the transition tray to reciprocate in the direction perpendicular to the positioning plane, so that the transition tray receives the parts at the position separated from the fixing assembly and transfers the received parts to the fixing assembly; the transition trays of all the clamping stations are connected to form an integrated part, and the integrated part is connected with the same moving assembly and driven by the moving assembly to reciprocate.

The receiving mechanism is configured to allow the part to move within a set range along a plane parallel to the positioning plane, and the positioning component is provided with a guide part for guiding the part to move to be inserted in alignment with the positioning component when the transition feeding assembly transfers the received part to the fixing assembly.

The positioning component is a positioning pin inserted into a central hole of the part along the direction vertical to the positioning plane; the guiding part is a spherical head or a conical head arranged at one end, far away from the positioning plane, of the positioning pin.

The positioning component is a positioning groove arranged on the base; the opening of the positioning groove is set to be a horn-shaped opening as the guide part, and the opening area of the horn-shaped opening is gradually increased along the direction away from the positioning plane.

The middle part of the base is provided with a telescopic support for supporting the base to prevent deformation.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

the multi-station clamp for machining the disc type parts with the central holes is provided with the transitional feeding assembly, the transitional feeding assembly is used for supporting the parts at the position separated from the fixing assembly, the supported parts are transferred to the fixing assembly, and the feeding and discharging positions of the manipulator are transferred to the position separated from the fixing assembly, so that a larger feeding and discharging operation space is provided, the feeding and discharging are not influenced by the fixing assembly, the structural compactness of the clamp is favorably improved, the occupied space is reduced, the structures of the clamp and the manipulator can be simplified, the cost is reduced, and the control difficulty is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a multi-station fixture.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of the multi-station fixture.

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the multi-station fixture when the transition feeding assembly receives a part.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of B in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a multi-station clamp when clamping a material.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of C in fig. 6.

Illustration of the drawings:

1. a base; 2. a fixing component; 21. positioning a plane; 211. avoiding the groove; 22. a fixing mechanism; 221. pressing a plate; 23. positioning pins; 231. a conical head; 24. a positioning groove; 241. a flared mouth; 4. a transition tray; 41. an accommodating groove; 42. a step groove; 5. a telescoping support.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the multi-station fixture for processing disk parts with central holes of the embodiment includes a base 1, a plurality of clamping stations are arranged on the base 1, each clamping station is provided with a fixing component 2 for fixing parts, a transition feeding component is arranged on the base 1 corresponding to each clamping station, and the transition feeding component is mounted on the base 1 through a moving component and can be driven by the moving component to move so as to receive the parts at a position away from the fixing component 2 and transfer the received parts to the fixing component 2. This a multistation anchor clamps for taking centre bore dish class parts machining is provided with transition material loading subassembly, accept the part in the position that breaks away from fixed subassembly 2 through transition material loading subassembly, and shift the part of accepting to fixed subassembly 2, the position that breaks away from fixed subassembly 2 has been shifted to the position with last unloading of manipulator, bigger last unloading operating space is provided, make the influence that goes up unloading not received fixed subassembly 2, do benefit to the compact structure nature that improves anchor clamps, reduce occupation space, and can simplify the structure of anchor clamps and manipulator, therefore, the cost is lowered, and the control degree of difficulty is reduced.

In this embodiment, the transition feeding assembly includes a transition tray 4, and the transition tray 4 has a receiving mechanism capable of receiving parts to be fed within a set tolerance. Also when the part is when the material loading, even the part has certain positional deviation in setting for the allowable deviation scope, also can be accepted and received by receiving mechanism, can reduce the positioning accuracy requirement to anchor clamps and manipulator like this, under the circumstances that a manipulator goes on unloading to a plurality of anchor clamps, also reduce thereupon the uniformity requirement to anchor clamps, can reduce the manufacturing, assembly, the debugging degree of difficulty, reduction in manufacturing cost, and can realize quick, accurate, stable unloading of manipulator, improve work efficiency, reduce the control degree of difficulty of manipulator.

In this embodiment, the receiving mechanism includes a receiving groove 41 disposed on the transition tray 4 for receiving the parts, and has a simple structure, easy manufacturing and low cost.

In this embodiment, the bottom of the accommodating recess 41 is further provided with more than one step of stepped grooves 42 for accommodating parts of different specifications. The size of the stepped groove 42 is smaller than that of the accommodating groove 41, so that the stepped groove can be used for accommodating parts with smaller sizes, at least two parts with different sizes and specifications can be compatible, and the use flexibility and compatibility of the same set of clamp for compatibly producing products with different specifications are improved.

In this embodiment, the openings of the accommodating recess 41 and the step groove 42 are both gradually flared, and the area of the gradually flared opening gradually increases along the opening direction. The arrangement of the gradually expanding opening enables the parts to enter the accommodating groove 41 and the step groove 42 within a larger allowable deviation range, and meanwhile, the movement range after entering the accommodating groove 41 and the step groove 42 is smaller, so that the transition transfer of the received parts to the fixing component 2 is facilitated. Preferably, the gradually expanding opening extends to the bottom surfaces of the accommodating recess 41 and the stepped groove 42, that is, the cross sections of the accommodating recess 41 and the stepped groove 42 are continuously and gradually reduced along the direction from the opening to the bottom surface.

In this embodiment, the depth of the accommodating groove 41 and the step grooves 42 is not greater than 1/5 of the thickness of the part, and after the part is ensured to contact the accommodating groove 41 and the step grooves 42, the sizes of the accommodating groove 41, the step grooves 42 and the transition tray 4 are reduced on the premise that stable preliminary limit is formed, which is beneficial to reducing the occupied space and the cost.

In this embodiment, the fixing component 2 includes a positioning plane 21 for abutting against and positioning an axial end face of a part, a positioning component for mating with the part in an inserting manner to prevent the part from moving along the positioning plane 21, and a fixing mechanism 22 for fixing the part and enabling the part to be tightly attached to the positioning plane 21, the positioning plane 21 is provided with an avoiding groove 211, the transition tray 4 is separated from the avoiding groove 211 when the moving component drives the transition feeding component to receive the part at a position separated from the fixing component 2 and enables the received part to be far away from the positioning plane 21 and the positioning component, and the transition tray 4 is accommodated in the avoiding groove 211 when the moving component drives the transition feeding component to transfer the received part to the fixing component 2 so as to enable the part to abut against and position the positioning plane 21 and enable the part to be in an inserting manner with the positioning component. This kind of structural design, realize that transition tray 4 accepts the part and shifts the part of accepting on the prerequisite on fixed subassembly 2 in the position that breaks away from fixed subassembly 2, transition material loading subassembly can not occupy extra space, and need not complicated action, its simple structure compactness, easily preparation, with low costs, efficient, location reliable and stable.

In this embodiment, the moving component drives the transition tray 4 to reciprocate in the direction perpendicular to the positioning plane 21, so that the transition tray 4 receives the parts at the position separated from the fixing component 2 and transfers the received parts to the fixing component 2, the action is stable and reliable, the efficiency is high, the moving component is simplified, and the cost is reduced.

In this embodiment, the transition trays 4 of all the clamping stations are connected to form an integrated member, and the integrated member is connected to the same moving assembly and driven by the moving assembly to reciprocate. The synchronous feeding and discharging of all clamping station parts can be realized, only one set of moving assembly is needed, and the structure, the cost and the control can be simplified. Preferably, the integral pieces are coplanar integral pieces.

In this embodiment, remove the subassembly including installing the flexible driving piece on base 1, the drive end and an organic whole piece of flexible driving piece link to each other, are equipped with the guiding mechanism that leads transition tray 4 reciprocating motion between an organic whole piece and the base 1, can guarantee the accurate stability of an organic whole action, and then guarantee reliable and stable with the part transfer to fixed subassembly 2 on.

In this embodiment, the guide mechanism includes the guiding hole of locating on integrative piece and locates on base 1 with the guiding rod of guiding hole direction complex, this guide mechanism simple structure, with low costs, easily preparation assembly.

In this embodiment, the receiving means is configured to allow the part to move within a set range along a plane parallel to the positioning plane 21, and the positioning member is provided with a guide portion for guiding the part to move to align with the positioning member when the transition loading assembly transfers the received part to the fixed assembly 2. This kind of structural design makes the part that the receiving mechanism accepts can remove automatic alignment position location that finds in the certain limit, even there is certain deviation in receiving mechanism and locating component, the part also can automatic alignment locating component under the effect of guide portion, and then with locating component grafting cooperation and along the smooth and easy motion of locating component to leaning on the location with locating plane 21, the design of this kind of automatic alignment location benchmark is found, need not to make the complete accurate butt joint of receiving mechanism and fixed subassembly 2 like this, can reduce the preparation assembly difficulty degree, guarantee that the part is smooth, smooth and easy transfer to fixed subassembly 2. Specifically, the size of the accommodating recess 41 and the size of the step groove 42 are set to be larger than the size of the part, and the bottom surfaces of the accommodating recess 41 and the step groove 42 are parallel to the positioning plane 21, so that the part can move in a certain range along the bottom surfaces of the accommodating recess 41 and the step groove 42.

In this embodiment, the positioning component is a positioning pin 23 inserted into a central hole of the part in a direction perpendicular to the positioning plane 21, the part can be prevented from moving along the positioning plane 21 by matching the positioning pin 23 with the positioning plane 21, and the part is further fixed by a fixing mechanism 22 and tightly attached to the positioning plane 21, i.e., the part is fixed.

In this embodiment, the guiding portion is a conical head 231 disposed at one end of the positioning pin 23 far from the positioning plane 21, and even if there is a certain position deviation in the component, the conical head 231 can be inserted into the central hole of the component, and gradually guide the component to align with the positioning pin 23 and move along the positioning pin 23 to abut against the positioning plane 21 for positioning. The structure is simple and the cost is low. In other embodiments, the guiding portion may be a spherical head or the like disposed at an end of the positioning pin 23 away from the positioning plane 21.

In other embodiments, the positioning component may also be a positioning groove 24 provided on the base 1, the positioning groove 24 is used to contact with a circumferential side surface of the part to prevent the part from moving along the positioning plane 21, and the combination of the positioning groove 24, the positioning plane 21 and the fixing mechanism 22 has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, and stable and reliable fixing. Meanwhile, the opening of the positioning groove 24 is set to be the flared mouth 241 as a guiding part, the opening area of the flared mouth 241 gradually increases along the direction away from the positioning plane 21, even if there is a certain positional deviation of the part, the part can enter the flared mouth 241 and is guided by the flared mouth 241 to gradually move to be abutted against the positioning plane 21 for positioning. The guide portion in the form of the flared opening 241 also has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.

The present embodiment is provided with a positioning pin 23 and a positioning groove 24 at the same time for loading and unloading two kinds of parts with different sizes respectively. The accommodating groove 41 is matched with the positioning groove 24 and used for clamping and fixing parts with larger sizes, and finally the side wall of the positioning groove 24 and the positioning plane 21 are formed to finish accurate positioning of the parts; the stepped groove 42 is matched with the positioning pin 23 and used for clamping and fixing a part with a small size, and finally the positioning pin 23 and the positioning plane 21 are formed to finish accurate positioning of the part.

In this embodiment, the fixing mechanism 22 includes a pressing plate 221 and a rotating hydraulic cylinder for driving the pressing plate 221 to rotate and lift, the rotating hydraulic cylinder can drive the pressing plate 221 to rotate and lift at the same time, after the part abuts against the positioning plane 21, the rotating hydraulic cylinder drives the pressing plate 221 to rotate to an angle opposite to the part, and meanwhile, the pressing plate 221 moves close to the positioning plane 21, and at this time, the pressing plate 221 compresses and fixes the part; the hydraulic rotary cylinder drives the pressing plate 221 to rotate to an angle deviated to the outer side of the part, and meanwhile, the pressing plate 221 moves away from the positioning plane 21, at the moment, the pressing effect on the part is relieved by the pressing plate 221, and the part can be taken out. The fixing mechanism 22 has simple structure, low cost and easy control, and can effectively avoid the manipulator and facilitate the loading and unloading of the manipulator. Preferably, the parts of each clamping station are pressed and fixed by two symmetrically arranged pressing plates 221.

In this embodiment, be equipped with airtight inspection hole on locating plane 21, be convenient for detect the part and laminate with locating plane 21 completely, and then judge whether the part clamping is accurate target in place.

In this embodiment, the center of the base 1 is provided with the extensible support 5 for supporting the base 1 to prevent deformation, and the extensible support 5 can support the base 1 as needed, thereby preventing the base 1 from deforming during part processing and ensuring processing accuracy.

The embodiment is used for the multistation anchor clamps of taking centre bore disc class parts machining, and the unloading process and principle are as follows on it:

during feeding, the fixing mechanism 22 is switched to a state of loosening the parts, the moving assembly drives each transition tray 4 to be separated from the avoiding groove 211, the manipulator synchronously places a plurality of parts into the accommodating groove 41 or the step groove 42 of the transition tray 4, then the moving assembly drives each transition tray 4 to move towards the avoiding groove 211, in the process, the central hole of each part is matched with the conical head 231 of the positioning pin 23, so that the part is aligned with the positioning pin 23 and moves along the positioning pin 23 until being abutted against the positioning plane 21, the transition tray 4 continues to move, is separated from the parts and is completely accommodated in the avoiding groove 211, and then the fixing mechanism 22 is switched to a state of fixing the parts, so that the parts can be fixed. Or, the circumferential side wall of each part is matched with the flared opening 241 of the positioning groove 24, so that the part sinks into the positioning groove 24 until the part abuts against the positioning plane 21, the transition tray 4 continues to move, is separated from the part and is completely accommodated in the avoiding groove 211, the axial end face of the part is completely attached to the positioning plane 21, and after the airtightness detection is carried out, the fixing mechanism 22 is switched to the state of fixing the part, so that the part can be fixed.

During unloading, the fixing mechanism 22 is switched to a state of loosening the parts, the moving assembly drives each transition tray 4 to be separated from the avoidance groove 211, in the process, the transition tray 4 supports the parts to be separated from the positioning plane 21, and then the parts are further separated from the positioning pins 23 or the positioning grooves 24, and at the moment, the parts on each transition tray 4 can be unloaded by using a manipulator.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Modifications and variations that may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a multistation anchor clamps for taking centre bore dish class parts machining, includes base (1), be equipped with a plurality of clamping stations on base (1), each clamping station is equipped with fixed subassembly (2) that are used for the fixed part, its characterized in that: the base (1) is provided with a transition feeding assembly corresponding to each clamping station, the transition feeding assembly is mounted on the base (1) through a moving assembly and can be driven by the moving assembly to move so as to receive parts at positions separated from the fixed assembly (2) and transfer the received parts to the fixed assembly (2).

2. The multi-station clamp for machining the disc type part with the central hole as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the transition feeding assembly comprises a transition tray (4), and the transition tray (4) is provided with a receiving mechanism capable of receiving parts which are fed within a set allowable deviation range.

3. The multi-station clamp for machining the disc type part with the central hole according to the claim 2, is characterized in that: the bearing mechanism comprises an accommodating groove (41) which is arranged on the transition tray (4) and used for accommodating parts.

4. The multi-station clamp for machining the disc type part with the central hole as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: the bottom of the accommodating groove (41) is also provided with more than one step of stepped grooves (42) for accommodating parts with different specifications.

5. The multi-station clamp for machining the disc type part with the central hole as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: fixed subassembly (2) including the axial terminal surface that is used for supplying the part support by the locating plane (21) of location, be used for with the part grafting cooperation in order to prevent the part along locating plane (21) the removal positioning element and be used for the fixed part and make the part hug closely fixed establishment (22) of locating plane (21), be equipped with on locating plane (21) and dodge recess (211), move subassembly drive transition material loading subassembly when the position that breaks away from fixed subassembly (2) accepts the part transition tray (4) are deviate from dodge recess (211) and make the part of accepting keep away from locating plane (21) and locating element, move subassembly drive transition material loading subassembly when transferring the part of accepting to fixed subassembly (2) transition tray (4) holding is in dodging on recess (211) so that the axial terminal surface of part supports with locating plane (21) and support and fix a position and part grafting cooperation.

6. The multi-station clamp for machining the disc type part with the central hole as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the moving assembly drives the transition tray (4) to reciprocate in the direction vertical to the positioning plane (21) so that the transition tray (4) receives the parts at the position separated from the fixed assembly (2) and transfers the received parts to the fixed assembly (2); the transition trays (4) of all the clamping stations are connected to form an integrated piece, and the integrated piece is connected with the same moving assembly and driven by the moving assembly to reciprocate.

7. The multi-station clamp for machining the disc type part with the central hole according to the claim 5, is characterized in that: the receiving mechanism is configured to allow the parts to move within a set range along a plane parallel to a positioning plane (21), and the positioning component is provided with a guide part for guiding the parts to move to be inserted and connected with the positioning component in alignment when the transition feeding assembly transfers the received parts to the fixing assembly (2).

8. The multi-station clamp for machining the disc type part with the central hole according to the claim 7, is characterized in that: the positioning component is a positioning pin (23) inserted into a central hole of the part along the direction vertical to the positioning plane (21); the guiding part is a spherical head or a conical head (231) arranged at one end, far away from the positioning plane (21), of the positioning pin (23).

9. The multi-station clamp for machining the disc type part with the central hole in the claim 7 is characterized in that: the positioning component is a positioning groove (24) arranged on the base (1); the opening of the positioning groove (24) is set to be a horn-shaped opening (241) as the guide part, and the opening area of the horn-shaped opening (241) is gradually increased along the direction away from the positioning plane (21).

10. The multi-station clamp for machining the disc type part with the central hole according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the middle part of the base (1) is provided with a telescopic support (5) for supporting the base (1) to prevent deformation.