CN115567089A - Non-line-of-sight physical layer secure transmission method, device and storage medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application discloses a non-line-of-sight physical layer secure transmission method, a non-line-of-sight physical layer secure transmission device and a non-line-of-sight physical layer secure transmission storage medium, relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and solves the problems that a direct transmission link between a transmitter and an expected user is poor in communication effect and even does not have a direct transmission link in the prior art. The method comprises the following steps: establishing an intelligent super-surface auxiliary frequency control array system, and respectively calculating guide vectors of a transmitter to an expected user, an intelligent super-surface to the expected user and the transmitter to the intelligent super-surface; acquiring signals received by an expected user and an eavesdropper, analyzing the signals, determining an analysis result, and designing a transmitting beam forming vector and an intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix; calculating an artificial noise projection matrix; and transmitting the code element information according to the calculation result. The method realizes the effects that the transmitter and the expected user can carry out direct transmission link safe communication, the energy of the spot type wave beam is more concentrated and the energy of the side lobe is lower under the condition of not increasing the system bandwidth.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, and in particular, to a non-line-of-sight physical layer secure transmission method, apparatus, and storage medium.
Background
With the rapid development of information technology, wireless communication systems are in complex environments, are easily interfered by natural environments and noises, and have the problem of communication interruption when a direct transmission link is blocked. According to electromagnetism and antenna theory, the scattering and diffraction capacities of microwave frequency band signals are poor, and attenuation and space free path loss generated in the propagation process are large, so that the reliability of long-distance communication is insufficient.
Therefore, a communication scenario in which the direct link communication between the transmitter and the desired user is poor, or even no direct link exists due to blocking, is prone to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method, a device and a storage medium for non-line-of-sight physical layer secure transmission, solves the problems that a direct transmission link between a transmitter and an expected user in the prior art is poor in communication effect, and even when the direct transmission link does not exist due to blocking, and achieves the effects that the transmitter and the expected user can perform direct transmission link secure communication, spot-type beam energy is more concentrated and side lobe energy is lower under the condition that system bandwidth is not increased.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-line-of-sight physical layer secure transmission method, where the method includes:
establishing an intelligent super-surface assisted frequency control array system, and respectively calculating a guide vector of a transmitter to an expected user, a guide vector of the intelligent super-surface to the expected user and a guide vector of the transmitter to the intelligent super-surface according to the positions of the intelligent super-surface and the expected user relative to the transmitter;
acquiring signals received by the expected user and the eavesdropper, analyzing the signals and determining an analysis result;
designing and calculating a transmitting beam forming vector and an intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix according to the analysis result;
calculating an artificial noise projection matrix;
and sending code element information according to the transmitting beam forming vector, the intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix and the artificial noise projection matrix.
With reference to the first aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the intelligent super-surface assisted frequency control array system includes: a frequency-controlled array antenna and an intelligent super-surface;
the frequency control array antenna comprises a plurality of transmitting antennas which are uniformly arranged;
the intelligent super-surface comprises a plurality of reflection units.
With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the signal received by the desired user is:
the signals received by the expected user are:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a steering vector representing the desired user by the transmitter;
a steering vector representing the intelligent hypersurface to the desired user;
representing the intelligent super surface reflection coefficient matrix for an M-dimensional diagonal matrix, wherein theta m Representing the phase shift of the mth reflecting element, alpha ∈ (0, 1)]Representing the amplitude reflection coefficient;
a steering vector representing the transmitter to the intelligent super-surface;
additive white gaussian noise representing the desired channel;
the signal received by the eavesdropper is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a steering vector representing said eavesdropper by said transmitter;
a guide vector representing said intelligent meta-surface to said eavesdropper;
additive white gaussian noise representing an eavesdropped channel.
With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the constraint condition for calculating the artificial noise projection matrix is: the artifact interferes with the eavesdropper and does not affect the desired user receive signal.
With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the designing and calculating a transmit beamforming vector and an intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix according to the analysis result includes the following constraint conditions:
designing the emission forming wave beam vector and the intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix by adopting a maximum artificial noise interference frequency method;
the desired user power satisfies a minimum signal received power to maximize a transmit power of the artificial noise.
With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the calculating an artificial noise projection matrix includes: the calculation formula is as follows:
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-line-of-sight physical layer secure transmission apparatus, where the apparatus includes:
a guide vector establishing module, configured to establish an intelligent super-surface assisted frequency control array system, and respectively calculate a guide vector of the transmitter to the expected user, a guide vector of the intelligent super-surface to the expected user, and a guide vector of the transmitter to the intelligent super-surface according to positions of the intelligent super-surface and the expected user in the system relative to the transmitter;
the analysis module is used for acquiring and analyzing the signals received by the expected user and the eavesdropper to determine an analysis result;
the vector calculation module is used for designing and calculating a transmitting beam forming vector and an intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix according to the analysis result;
the projection matrix calculation module is used for calculating an artificial noise projection matrix;
and the signal sending module is used for sending code element information according to the transmitting beam forming vector, the intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix and the artificial noise projection matrix.
With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the steering vector establishing module includes a plurality of frequency-controlled array antennas and an intelligent super-surface;
the plurality of frequency control array antennas comprise a plurality of transmitting antennas which are uniformly arranged;
the intelligent super surface comprises a plurality of reflection units.
With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the analysis module is configured to calculate the signal received by the expected user as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a steering vector representing the desired user by the transmitter;
representing a steering vector of the intelligent super-surface to the desired user;
representing the intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix for an M-dimensional diagonal matrix, wherein theta m Representing the phase shift of the mth reflecting element, alpha ∈ (0, 1)]Representing the amplitude reflection coefficient;
a steering vector representing the transmitter to the intelligent super-surface;
additive white gaussian noise representing the desired channel;
the signal received by the eavesdropper is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a steering vector representing the transmitter to the eavesdropper;
a guide vector representing said intelligent meta-surface to said eavesdropper;
additive white gaussian noise representing an eavesdropping channel.
With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the constraint condition that the projection matrix calculation module is configured to calculate the artificial noise projection matrix is: the artificial noise interferes with the eavesdropper and does not affect the desired user received signal.
With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the signal sending module is configured to design and calculate a transmit beamforming vector and an intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix according to the analysis result, and includes the following constraint conditions:
designing the emission forming wave beam vector and the intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix by adopting a maximum artificial noise interference frequency method;
the expected user power satisfies a minimum signal received power to maximize a transmit power of the artificial noise.
With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the projection matrix calculation module is configured to calculate an artificial noise projection matrix, and includes: the calculation formula is as follows:
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a transmitter for secure transmission of a non-line-of-sight physical layer, including a memory and a processor;
the memory is to store computer-executable instructions;
the processor is configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to implement the method of the first aspect or any one of the first aspects.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, where executable instructions are stored, and when the executable instructions are executed by a computer, the computer can implement the method according to any one of the first aspect or the first aspect.
One or more technical schemes provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
the embodiment of the invention adopts a non-line-of-sight physical layer secure transmission method, a device and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: establishing an intelligent super-surface auxiliary frequency control array system, and respectively calculating a guide vector of the transmitter to the expected user, a guide vector of the intelligent super-surface to the expected user and a guide vector of the transmitter to the intelligent super-surface according to the positions of the intelligent super-surface and the expected user relative to the transmitter; acquiring signals received by an expected user and an eavesdropper, analyzing the signals and determining an analysis result; designing and calculating a transmitting beam forming vector and an intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix according to the analysis result; calculating an artificial noise projection matrix; and sending code element information according to the transmitting beam forming vector, the intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix and the artificial noise projection matrix. In the method provided by the application, the intelligent super surface, the expected user and the transmitter are provided, so that the safety of the system is improved, the intelligent super surface can reconstruct a wireless channel, and the wireless channel is improved; the frequency of the added artificial noise is calculated according to the analysis of signals received by an expected user and an eavesdropper, so that the maximum transmission power of the artificial noise is realized when the expected user meets the lowest receiving power, the problem that in the prior art, a direct transmission link between a transmitter and the expected user has a poor communication effect, and even a safe communication problem when the direct transmission link does not exist due to blocking is effectively solved, the direct transmission link can be safely communicated with the expected user by the transmitter under the condition that the system bandwidth is not increased, the energy of a point-type beam is more concentrated, and the energy of a side lobe is lower.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention or the description in the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart illustrating steps of a non-line-of-sight physical layer secure transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent super-surface assisted frequency control array system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a simulation parameter scene of an intelligent super-surface assisted frequency control array system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4A is a graph of the relationship between the received modulation symbol power of the desired user and the minimum SINR, where the desired user position is (20m, 50m, 0);
fig. 4B is a graph of the relationship between the expected user received modulation symbol power and the lowest SINR for the expected user position (480m, 50m, 0) provided in this embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4C is a graph of the relationship between the received modulation symbol power of the desired user and the lowest SINR, where the desired user position is (300m, 50m, 0) provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a relationship between the number of transmit antennas and the security capacity in different physical layer security transmission methods according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a non-line-of-sight physical layer secure transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a transmitter for non-line-of-sight physical layer secure transmission according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
With the rapid development of information technology, when a wireless communication system is in a complex environment, the wireless communication system is easily interfered by natural environment and noise, and the problems of communication reliability and safety when a direct transmission link is blocked also exist. According to electromagnetism and antenna theory, the scattering and diffraction capability of microwave frequency band signals is poor, and attenuation and space free path loss generated in the process of propagation are large, so that the reliability of long-distance communication is insufficient. Therefore, poor communication effect of the direct link between the transmitter and the expected user is easy to occur, even a communication scene that the direct link does not exist due to blocking exists, and the safe transmission of the information cannot be ensured by the conventional physical layer safe transmission method. In view of the above problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-line-of-sight physical layer secure transmission method, as shown in fig. 1, which includes the following steps S101 to S105.
S101, establishing an intelligent super-surface assisted frequency control array system, and respectively calculating a guide vector of the transmitter to the expected user, a guide vector of the intelligent super-surface to the expected user and a guide vector of the transmitter to the intelligent super-surface according to the positions of the intelligent super-surface and the expected user relative to the transmitter.
S102, acquiring and analyzing signals received by the expected user and the eavesdropper, and determining an analysis result.
And S103, designing and calculating a transmitting beam forming vector and an intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix according to the analysis result.
And S104, calculating an artificial noise projection matrix.
And S105, sending code element information according to the transmitting beam forming vector, the intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix and the artificial noise projection matrix.
The embodiment of the invention provides an information transmission method based on a frequency control array transmitting structure, and aims to solve the problems that a direct transmission link between a transmitter and an expected user has poor communication effect, and even the direct link does not exist due to blocking, so that the safety communication is realized. Meanwhile, the array antenna adopts random logarithmic frequency shift, and under the condition of not increasing the system bandwidth, the energy of the formed spot-type wave beam is more concentrated, and the energy of side lobes is lower. And the minimum transmitted information power is adopted to design a beam forming matrix, so that the information leakage is reduced, the residual transmitted power is distributed to artificial noise, the transmitted information power and the artificial noise power can be reasonably distributed, and the transmitted energy is more effective.
In step S101, the intelligent super-surface assisted frequency control array system includes: a plurality of frequency-controlled array antennas and an intelligent super-surface; the plurality of frequency control array antennas comprise a plurality of transmitting antennas which are uniformly arranged; the intelligent super surface comprises a plurality of reflection units.
As shown in fig. 2, in a specific embodiment, a frequency-controlled array system is a uniform linear array composed of N antennas, and the distance between the antennas is d. The intelligent super-surface consists of M low-cost reflecting units, one single antenna for the desired user and a plurality of passive eavesdroppers with unknown positions. The intelligent super-surface dynamically adjusts the phase shift of the incident signal based on the controller to help the information to be reliably transmitted. The signal power reflected by the intelligent super surface twice or more can be ignored. The first antenna of the transmitter is set as a reference element. Parallel wave and line-of-sight transmission are simultaneously established in consideration of the target far-field signal transmission model.
The transmitter uses a random logarithmic frequency-controlled array antenna, i.e. with frequency increment of deltaf LR ＝P T Δ f, wherein P = [ c = 1 ,c 2 ,…,c i ,…,c N ]Wherein c is i Unit column vector representing the ith element as 1Meanwhile, i belongs to {1,2, \8230;, N }, is generated randomly and does not occur repeatedly; Δ f represents the frequency increment of the standard log-frequency controlled array.
The interference to the eavesdropper is increased by adopting the artificial noise scrambling technology, and the safety performance of the system is improved. The transmitter performs phase modulation on the input bit stream to obtain a modulation symbol x ∈ omega, wherein omega is a modulation symbol set and meets the normalization condition, that is to say
Weighting the modulation symbols, introducing artificial noise to obtain final radiation signal vector,
wherein, P AN Representing an artificial noise emission energy;
representing a beamforming vector, and further processing the modulation symbol x to match all transmit antennas;
wherein
A matrix of artificial noise is represented that is,
representing an artificial noise vector.
In step S101, a guide vector of the transmitter to the desired user, an array guide vector of the intelligent super surface to the desired user, and a guide matrix of the transmitter to the intelligent super surface are calculated, respectively, based on the position information of the intelligent super surface and the desired user relative to the transmitter.
The steering vector at the far field position (r, θ) is:
h(f,r,θ,t)＝ρ[h 1 (f 1 ,r,θ,t),…,h n (f n ,r,θ,t),…,h N (f N ,r,θ,t)] T ，
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
rho is the free space path velocity loss coefficient of the wireless signal, c is the propagation of the electromagnetic wave in vacuum, f n The transmission frequency of the nth antenna.
The use of the intelligent super surface can change the wireless propagation environment of the signal, so that the wireless environment is more favorable for the transmission of the signal. The intelligent super-surface comprises a plurality of passive reflection units, and each passive reflection unit can independently adjust the amplitude and the phase. Compared with the traditional relay, the intelligent super surface has lower hardware cost and lower power consumption.
In step S102, the signal expected to be received by the user is:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
a steering vector representing a desired user by the transmitter;
a steering vector representing the intelligent hypersurface to the desired user;
is an M-dimensional diagonal matrix, represents an intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix, wherein theta m Representing the phase shift of the mth reflecting element, alpha ∈ (0, 1)]Representing the amplitude reflection coefficient;
a steering vector representing the transmitter to the intelligent super-surface;
which represents the additive white gaussian noise of the desired channel.
Further obtaining the signal received by the expected user as:
an eavesdropper could steal information on the transmitter-intelligent super-surface transmission path and the intelligent super-surface-intended user transmission path. The signal received by the eavesdropper is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a steering vector representing the transmitter to the eavesdropper;
a guide vector representing the intelligent meta-surface to the eavesdropper;
additive white gaussian noise representing an eavesdropping channel. Further obtaining:
in step S103, a transmit beamforming vector and an intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix are designed and calculated according to the analysis result, including the following constraints:
designing a transmitting forming beam vector and an intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix by adopting a maximum artificial noise interference frequency method; it is desirable that the user power meet the minimum signal received power to maximize the transmit power of the artificial noise.
Hypothesis vector
The optimization problem is described as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing a set of intelligent super-surface reflective elements; γ represents the minimum signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio requirement for a desired user to reliably receive a signal.
Total transmission power of system is P s ＝P AN +P L In which P is L Represents the transmission power of the modulation symbol x, and
the artificial noise transmit power is maximized by minimizing the modulation symbol transmit power. Equivalence transformation of optimization problem
For any given intelligent super-surface reflecting element phase shift vector
The optimal beamforming vector in the optimization problem is:
the minimum modulation symbol transmit power is equivalent to the combined channel power gain of the maximum desired user, i.e. the optimization problem translates into:
The objective function then transforms to:
further obtaining:
the optimization problem is still non-convex and cannot obtain an optimal solution through the traditional convex optimization. By introducing the auxiliary variable μ, the optimization problem is further transformed into:
solving according to a semi-positive definite relaxation method, and introducing matrix variables
Expressed as:
the matrix variable A ≧ 0, and rank (A) =1. Simultaneously:
further obtaining:
the optimization problem is a convex optimization problem, and an optimal solution can be obtained through a conventional convex optimization tool.
In step S104, the constraint conditions for calculating the artificial noise projection matrix are: the artificial noise interferes with the eavesdropper and does not affect the signal received by the intended user.
In step S104, an artificial noise projection matrix is calculated, including: the calculation formula is as follows: the criterion that the signal received by the expected user is not influenced while the artificial noise interferes with the eavesdropper is adopted, namely the expression that the signal received by the expected user contains the artificial noise is zero.
Thus, the artificial noise matrix is calculated by:
suppose that
The formula reduces to:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
a matrix of artificial noise is represented and,
representing the steering vector of the transmitter to the desired user,
an array steering vector representing the intelligent super-surface to the desired user,
representing the steering vector of the transmitter to the intelligent super-surface.
And based on the transmitting beam forming vector, the intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix and the artificial noise projection matrix obtained in the steps, transmitting information is transmitted through the antenna module, and then the work of the transmitting end is completed.
In one particular embodiment of the present application, the transmitter is comprised of a uniform rectilinear array located in the x-coordinate axis with a reference antenna position of (0,0,0), as shown in fig. 3. The intelligent super-surface consists of a uniform planar array in the x-y plane with the reference reflective element positioned as (x) R ,0,z R ). The user is expected to be located in the x-y plane at a position of (x) L ,y L ,0). Transmission distance between transmitter and desired user
Intelligent super-surface-to-desired user transmission distance
While in order to verify the security of the proposed scheme, it is assumed that there are two eavesdroppers in the system. The eavesdropper 1 is located in the x-z plane at the same angle as the intelligent hypersurface. The eavesdropper 2 is located in the x-y plane.
The main parameters in the numerical simulation are shown in table 1.
Table 1 numerical simulation main parameters
FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C show the total received modulation symbol power of the desired user at different desired user positions
Direct transmission modulation symbol power of sum transmitter
And the relation between the lowest received Signal and the Interference plus Noise Ratio (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio, SINR for short) of the desired user. In the simulation of FIG. 4A, the desired user position is (20m, 50m, 0), and the transmitter has a direct transmission distance of about d to the desired user 1 Approximately equal to 54m. At this point, the user is expected to be close to the transmitter and far from the smart super surface. As can be readily seen from the figure, it is desirable that the total received modulation symbol power of the user is almost identical to the direct transmission modulation symbol power of the transmitter. This illustrates that when the desired user is close to the transmitter, the received intelligent super-surface reflected signal power is very small and negligible. It is expected that users will rely primarily on the transmitter direct link to receive modulation symbols. In the simulation of FIG. 4B, the desired user location is (480m, 50m, 0) (the desired user is close to the smart super-surface). As can be seen from the figure, the total received modulation symbol power of the desired user is much larger than the direct signal power of the transmitter. This demonstrates that a user is expected to receive the transmitted signal reliably under the combined action of the transmitter direct transmission channel and the intelligent super-surface reflection channel. In the simulation of fig. 4C, the desired user position is (300m, 50m, 0) and it is assumed that there is a blockage between the transmitter and the desired user. At this time, the transmitter cannot directly transmit the modulation symbols to a desired user. As shown in fig. 4C, the user is expected to receive the modulation symbol by means of the intelligent super-surface reflection link, and the requirement of the user to have the lowest received signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio can still be met. Fig. 4A, 4B, 4C verify the reliability of the provided method, ensuring that the desired user receives the transmitted signal reliably even when there is a blockage between the transmitter and the desired user.
Fig. 5 shows the relationship between the number of transmitting antennas and the security capacity in different physical layer security transmission methods. As is apparent from the figure, the conventional frequency control array safe transmission method is not equipped with intelligent super-surface equipment, so that an expected user can hardly receive information reliably in a scene where a transmitter and the user are blocked, the information can not be transmitted to the expected user in time, and great loss can be caused in the emergency field of rescue and the like. However, the safety transmission method based on the phased array cannot guarantee the safety transmission of information in the distance dimension. As can be seen from the figure, the angle of the eavesdropper 1 is the same as that of the intelligent super-surface, the distance is different, the eavesdropper can steal the secret information when the secret information is transmitted on the transmitter-intelligent super-surface link, and the security capacity of the system is almost zero. The method adopts a frequency control array antenna technology, an artificial noise scrambling technology and an intelligent super-surface technology, so that higher safety capacity can still be obtained under the conditions that a transmitter and a user have blockage and a plurality of passive eavesdroppers exist in the transmission process. In addition, as is apparent from the figure, as the number of transmitting antennas increases, the system safety capacity increases, but the increase of the number of antennas does not result in an unlimited increase of the safety capacity, and finally a certain safety capacity value is reached and a stable state is maintained.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a non-line-of-sight physical layer secure transmission apparatus 600, as shown in fig. 6, the apparatus includes: a guiding vector establishing module 601, an analyzing module 602, a vector calculating module 603, a projection matrix calculating module 604 and a signal sending module 605.
The guiding vector establishing module 601 is configured to establish an intelligent super-surface assisted frequency control array system, and respectively calculate a guiding vector of a transmitter to an expected user, a guiding vector of the intelligent super-surface to the expected user, and a guiding vector of the transmitter to the intelligent super-surface according to positions of the intelligent super-surface and the expected user in the system relative to the transmitter. The steering vector establishing module 601 comprises a plurality of frequency control array antennas and an intelligent super surface; the plurality of frequency control array antennas comprise a plurality of transmitting antennas which are uniformly arranged; the intelligent super surface comprises a plurality of reflection units.
The analysis module 602 is configured to obtain and analyze signals received by a desired user and an eavesdropper, and determine an analysis result. The analysis module 602 is configured to calculate the expected signal received by the user as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a steering vector representing a desired user by the transmitter;
a steering vector representing the intelligent hypersurface to the desired user;
is an M-dimensional diagonal matrix, represents an intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix, wherein theta m Representing the phase shift of the mth reflecting element, alpha ∈ (0, 1)]Representing the amplitude reflection coefficient;
a steering vector representing the transmitter to the intelligent super-surface;
additive white gaussian noise representing the desired channel; the signal received by the eavesdropper is:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
a steering vector representing the transmitter to the eavesdropper;
a guide vector representing the intelligent meta-surface to the eavesdropper;
additive white gaussian noise representing an eavesdropping channel.
The vector calculation module 603 is configured to design and calculate a transmit beamforming vector and an intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix according to the analysis result.
The projection matrix calculation module 604 is used to calculate an artificial noise projection matrix. The constraint conditions used by the projection matrix calculation module 604 to calculate the artificial noise projection matrix are: the artificial noise interferes with the eavesdropper and does not affect the signal received by the intended user.
The signal sending module 605 is configured to send the symbol information according to the transmit beamforming vector, the intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix, and the artificial noise projection matrix. The signal sending module 605, according to the analysis result, designs and calculates the transmit beamforming vector and the intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix, including the following constraint conditions: designing a transmitting forming beam vector and an intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix by adopting a maximum artificial noise interference frequency method; it is desirable that the user power meet the minimum signal received power to maximize the transmit power of the artificial noise.
The apparatuses or modules illustrated in the above embodiments may be specifically implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or implemented by a product with certain functions. For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various modules by functions, and are described separately. The functionality of the modules may be implemented in the same one or more software and/or hardware implementations of the present application. Of course, a module that implements a certain function may be implemented by a plurality of sub-modules or sub-units in combination.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a transmitter for non-line-of-sight physical layer secure transmission, as shown in fig. 7, the transmitter includes a memory 701 and a processor 702; the memory 701 is used to store computer executable instructions; the processor 702 is configured to execute computer-executable instructions to implement the non-line-of-sight physical layer secure transmission method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores executable instructions, and the computer can realize the non-line-of-sight physical layer secure transmission method in the embodiment of the invention when executing the executable instructions.
The storage medium includes, but is not limited to, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Cache, a Hard Disk (Hard Disk Drive), or a Memory Card (HDD). The memory may be used to store computer program instructions.
Although the present application provides method steps as described in an embodiment or flowchart, additional or fewer steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive efforts. The sequence of steps recited in this embodiment is only one of many steps in execution sequence, and does not represent a unique order of execution. When an actual apparatus or client product executes, it can execute sequentially or in parallel (e.g., in the context of parallel processors or multi-threaded processing) according to the methods shown in this embodiment or the figures.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment is described with emphasis on the difference from the other embodiments. All or portions of the present application are operational with numerous general purpose or special purpose computing system environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, hand-held or portable devices, tablet-type devices, mobile communication terminals, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, programmable electronic devices, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments that include any of the above systems or devices, and the like.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the present application; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. A non-line-of-sight physical layer secure transmission method, comprising:
establishing an intelligent super-surface assisted frequency control array system, and respectively calculating a guide vector of a transmitter to an expected user, a guide vector of the intelligent super-surface to the expected user and a guide vector of the transmitter to the intelligent super-surface according to the positions of the intelligent super-surface and the expected user relative to the transmitter;
acquiring signals received by the expected user and the eavesdropper, analyzing the signals and determining an analysis result;
designing and calculating a transmitting beam forming vector and an intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix according to the analysis result;
calculating an artificial noise projection matrix;
and sending code element information according to the transmitting beam forming vector, the intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix and the artificial noise projection matrix.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the intelligent super-surface assisted frequency controlled array system comprises: a frequency-controlled array antenna and an intelligent super-surface;
the frequency control array antenna comprises a plurality of transmitting antennas which are uniformly arranged;
the intelligent super-surface comprises a plurality of reflection units.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the signal received by the desired user is:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
a steering vector representing the desired user by the transmitter;
representing a steering vector of the intelligent super-surface to the desired user;
representing the intelligent super-surface reflection for an M-dimensional diagonal matrixCoefficient matrix of which theta m Representing the phase shift of the mth reflecting element, alpha ∈ (0, 1)]Representing the amplitude reflection coefficient;
a steering vector representing the transmitter to the intelligent super-surface;
additive white gaussian noise representing the desired channel;
the signal received by the eavesdropper is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a steering vector representing said eavesdropper by said transmitter;
a guide vector representing said intelligent meta-surface to said eavesdropper;
additive white gaussian noise representing an eavesdropped channel.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the constraint on computing the artifact projection matrix is: the artificial noise interferes with the eavesdropper and does not affect the desired user received signal.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the designing and calculating the transmit beamforming vector and the intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix according to the analysis result comprises the following constraints:
designing the emission forming wave beam vector and the intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix by adopting a maximum artificial noise interference frequency method;
the expected user power satisfies a minimum signal received power to maximize a transmit power of the artificial noise.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the computing an artifact projection matrix comprises: the calculation formula is as follows:
7. A non-line-of-sight physical layer secure transmission apparatus, comprising:
a guide vector establishing module, configured to establish an intelligent super-surface assisted frequency control array system, and separately calculate a guide vector of the transmitter to the expected user, a guide vector of the intelligent super-surface to the expected user, and a guide vector of the transmitter to the intelligent super-surface according to positions of the intelligent super-surface and the expected user in the system relative to the transmitter;
the analysis module is used for acquiring and analyzing the signals received by the expected user and the eavesdropper to determine an analysis result;
the vector calculation module is used for designing and calculating a transmitting beam forming vector and an intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix according to the analysis result;
the projection matrix calculation module is used for calculating an artificial noise projection matrix;
and the signal sending module is used for sending code element information according to the transmitting beam forming vector, the intelligent super-surface reflection coefficient matrix and the artificial noise projection matrix.
8. A transmitter for non-line-of-sight physical layer secure transmission, comprising a memory and a processor;
the memory is to store computer-executable instructions;
the processor is configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to implement the method of any of claims 1-6.
9. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon executable instructions that, when executed by a computer, are capable of implementing the method of any one of claims 1-6.
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