CN115566770A - Charging method and device, electronic device and storage medium - Google Patents

Charging method and device, electronic device and storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115566770A
CN115566770A CN202211282383.7A CN202211282383A CN115566770A CN 115566770 A CN115566770 A CN 115566770A CN 202211282383 A CN202211282383 A CN 202211282383A CN 115566770 A CN115566770 A CN 115566770A
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Prior art keywords
battery
charging
current
voltage
potential
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CN202211282383.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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谢红斌
纪策
田晨
张加亮
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Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
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Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
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Priority to CN202211282383.7A priority Critical patent/CN115566770A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0034—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a charging method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium. The charging method comprises the following steps: determining the positive pole potential of the battery in the process of charging the battery; updating charging parameters of the battery according to the positive electrode potential, wherein the charging parameters comprise at least one of the following: the charging cut-off voltage of the battery in the constant current stage, the charging cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage stage and the charging current of the battery in the constant current stage; and charging the battery according to the charging parameters of the battery.

Description

Charging method and device, electronic device and storage medium
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of charging technologies, and more particularly, to a charging method and apparatus, an electronic device, and a storage medium.
Background
With the continuous development of charging technology, the requirement of users on the charging speed is higher and higher. At present, a common rapid charging strategy is to make a charging strategy according to key parameters of a battery and/or a load device in the production and design stages of electronic equipment by combining a charging test and theoretical calculation; and charging is carried out according to the preset strategy in the whole life cycle of the battery. However, the battery may age after a period of use, and continuing to charge the battery with the same charging parameters may affect the life and the charging speed of the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a charging method and device, an electronic device and a storage medium. Various aspects of embodiments of the present application are described below.
In a first aspect, a charging method is provided, including: determining the positive electrode potential of the battery in the process of charging the battery; updating a charging parameter of the battery according to the positive electrode potential, wherein the charging parameter comprises at least one of the following: the charging cut-off voltage of the battery in the constant current stage, the charging cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage stage and the charging current of the battery in the constant current stage; and charging the battery according to the charging parameters of the battery.
In a second aspect, there is provided a charging device comprising: the determining module is configured to determine the positive pole potential of the battery in the process of charging the battery; an updating module configured to update charging parameters of the battery according to the positive electrode potential, the charging parameters including at least one of: the charging cut-off voltage of the battery in the constant current stage, the charging cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage stage and the charging current of the battery in the constant current stage; a charging module configured to charge the battery according to a charging parameter of the battery.
In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, including: a battery; the charging device according to the second aspect, configured to charge the battery.
In a fourth aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program that, when executed by the processor, implements the charging method according to the first aspect.
In a fifth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the charging method according to the first aspect.
According to the charging method provided by the embodiment of the application, the charging parameters such as the charging voltage, the charging current, the cut-off voltage and the cut-off current are not set in advance and then are unchanged, but the key charging parameters are updated according to the detected positive electrode potential in the charging process, so that the charging parameters of the battery can be matched with the current battery characteristics, and the battery can be still fully charged at a higher speed on the premise of safety when the battery has the problems of aging and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a constant-current constant-voltage charging method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a step charging method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a charging method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a three-electrode battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of another three-electrode battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The charging method provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to electronic equipment and is used for charging the battery in the electronic equipment. The electronic devices referred to in the embodiments of the present application include, but are not limited to: means arranged to receive/transmit communication signals via a limited line connection, such as via a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), a Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), a digital cable, a direct cable connection and/or another data connection/network, and/or via a wireless interface, such as a digital potential network for a cellular network, a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), a digital video broadcasting-handheld (DVB-H) network, a satellite network, an amplitude modulation-frequency modulation (AM-FM) broadcast transmitter, and/or another communication terminal. A terminal that is arranged to communicate over a wireless interface may be referred to as a "wireless communication terminal", "wireless terminal", or "mobile terminal". Examples of motion disruptions include, but are not limited to, satellite or cellular phones; personal Communication System (PCS) interrupts that may combine cellular radiotelephone with data processing, facsimile and data communication capabilities; personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) including radiotelephones, pagers, internet access, web browsers, notepads, calendars, and Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers, beiDou satellite navigation system (BDS) receivers, GNSS receivers; and conventional laptop and/or palmtop receivers or other electronic devices that include a radiotelephone transceiver. In some embodiments, the device to be charged may refer to a mobile terminal device or a handheld terminal device, such as a mobile phone, a pad, and the like. In some embodiments, the device to be charged mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may refer to a system on chip, and in this embodiment, the battery of the device to be charged may or may not belong to the system on chip.
In addition, the electronic device in the embodiment of the application may further include other devices requiring charging, such as a mobile phone, a mobile power supply, an electric vehicle, a notebook computer, an unmanned aerial vehicle, a tablet computer, an electronic book, an intelligent electronic device, a small electronic device, and the like. Wherein, intelligent electronic equipment can include intelligent wrist-watch, intelligent bracelet, AR/VR glasses, robot, intelligent household equipment etc. of sweeping the floor for example. The small electronic devices may include, for example, wireless headsets, bluetooth speakers, electric toothbrushes, rechargeable wireless mice, rechargeable wireless keyboards, and the like.
With the continuous development of charging, the requirements of users on the charging speed are higher and higher. At present, a commonly used fast charging strategy is to perform a battery charging experiment according to key parameters of a battery and/or a load device in electronic equipment at the production and design stages of the electronic equipment, and set a charging strategy accordingly; and charging is carried out according to the preset strategy in the whole life cycle of the battery. However, for batteries of electronic devices, aging degradation occurs to varying degrees after a period of use, and such aging degradation is unpredictable and unavoidable. At this time, if the battery is continuously charged by the preset charging strategy, the aging of the battery is accelerated, the charging speed is reduced, and the battery cannot be fully charged, which affects the user experience.
The following will specifically exemplify the concentrated charging method and the problems thereof.
One of the most common charging methods at present is a Constant Current Constant Voltage (CCCV) charging method, as shown in fig. 1.
The CCCV charging mode can comprise a constant-current and constant-voltage stage or a plurality of constant-current and constant-voltage stages, wherein each constant-current and constant-voltage stage comprises a constant-current stage and a constant-voltage stage.
Taking a constant current and constant voltage phase as an example, as shown in fig. 1, the constant current and constant voltage phase includes a constant current phase and a constant voltage phase. Before charging the battery, the charging current in the constant current stage and the charging cut-off voltage corresponding to the constant current stage may be set in advance, and may be set to 3A and 4.2V, for example; setting the minimum cut-off current corresponding to the constant voltage stage as 0.06A; in the subsequent charging process, the charging is performed with the above-described preset parameters. In the constant current phase, the battery may be charged with a constant current of 3A until the voltage of the battery reaches a preset cut-off voltage, for example, 4.2V. When the voltage of the battery reaches the cut-off voltage, the constant voltage stage is entered, the battery can be charged with a constant voltage of 4.2V, and in the constant voltage stage, the current of the battery is continuously reduced until the current is reduced to a preset minimum cut-off current, for example, 0.06A as mentioned above.
In the CCCV charging method, the charging current in the constant current phase is usually determined according to the rated capacity of the battery, and is set to 1C, for example, where C represents the rated capacity of the battery, at the rate at which the charging current is set to the rated capacity. Assuming a battery capacity of 3000mAh, the current of 1C is 3000mA, i.e., 3A. Similarly, the minimum current in the constant voltage phase is also determined according to the rated capacity of the battery, for example, the minimum cut-off current of the battery, i.e., the charge cut-off current, is set to 0.02C, i.e., 0.06A, when the battery capacity is 3000 mAh.
Another common charging method is a step charging method, as shown in fig. 2. The step charging mode is to continuously adjust the charging current of the battery according to the state information of the battery, so that the charging speed can be improved. In this way, a plurality of constant current stages are preset in advance, and the charging current and the charging time of each constant current stage are set. It will be appreciated that in this step charging approach, the charging current and charging time for each stage need to be derived from multiple charging experiments performed on the same type of battery for a laboratory stage. In the subsequent charging process, the battery is charged in the preset charging mode.
Specifically, the current I can be applied first 1 Charging the battery for a duration t 1 Then with current I 2 Charging the battery for a time t 2 By analogy, with current I n The battery is processed for a time period t n Wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. The charging current corresponding to different constant current stages can be set according to parameters such as rated capacity or rated voltage of the battery. For example, for a battery with a rated capacity of 3000mAh, the charging current I of the first stage can be adjusted 1 Set to 3C, i.e., 9A, and the charging current I2 of the second stage adjacent thereto is set to 2C, i.e., 6A. During charging, the battery was charged at a current of 9A for 10 minutes and then at a current of 6A for 10 minutes. Of course, the above-mentioned time of 10 minutes is only an example, and in practical applications, the charging time of each stage can be set according to the difference of the battery capacity and the current.
In addition to the above two charging modes, there is also a quick charging mode similar to the step charging. The difference from the step charging method described above is that in this method, the timing of switching between two adjacent charging phases is determined by the voltage. Specifically, in the fast charging mode, a plurality of constant current stages can be preset in advance according to key parameters such as battery capacity and the like and the result of a charging experiment on the battery in a laboratory stage, and the charging current of each constant current stage and the charging cut-off voltage corresponding to each charging current can be set. In the subsequent charging processes, the battery is charged in the preset charging mode. For example, in adjacent first and second phases, the charging current and cutoff voltage of the first phase may be set to 9A and 4V, respectively, the charging current and cutoff voltage of the second phase may be set to 6A and 4.2V, and so on. When charging is carried out, the battery voltage is detected, when the voltage reaches the cut-off voltage of each stage, the charging current is regulated, and the charging of the next stage is started until the last stage is charged.
In the two step charging modes, after the constant current charging in the last stage is completed, the charging method further includes: the battery is charged at a constant voltage with the cut-off voltage of the last stage until the charging current satisfies a preset condition, which may be the same condition as mentioned in the CCCV scheme above.
In the different charging modes described above, each charging parameter is basically determined by the rated capacity of the battery or by experiments using the battery in the state of just being shipped, which is reasonable for the battery just shipped, because the capacity of the battery is basically equivalent to the rated capacity at this time, and the electrochemical properties of the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the electrolyte of the battery are not changed. However, the aging decay of the battery occurs to various degrees during use, and the aging decay of the battery is often irreversible. After the battery is aged and attenuated, the capacity of the battery and the performances of the motor and the electrolyte are changed, the internal resistance of the battery is increased to a certain extent, if the battery is continuously charged by the existing strategy, the aging of the battery can be accelerated, the service life is influenced, and even the risk of fire explosion and the like of the battery can be caused in some cases.
Taking a lithium ion battery as an example, the most important reason for aging degradation of the lithium ion battery is that the active lithium ions inside the battery are continuously reduced. There are many reasons for the decrease in the amount of active lithium ions, and the most important reason is that lithium ions are consumed by the formation of a Solid Electrolyte Interface (SEI) film on the surface of an electrode material and the precipitation of lithium due to the decrease in the negative electrode potential.
Among them, the SEI film is a relatively stable film layer formed due to the reflection of an electrode material with an electrolyte during the use of a battery, and the main component thereof is a stable compound of lithium, such as LiO. As the battery is charged and discharged, some byproducts including Li with high stability are generated inside the battery, which causes active Li inside the battery to be reduced, and the battery capacity to be reduced. At the same time, the by-products increase the internal resistance of the battery, which not only affects the charging speed of the battery, but also generates more heat. According to existing charging strategies, as the battery temperature increases, the charging current needs to be reduced to reduce the temperature rise during charging. And decreasing the charging current will affect the charging speed.
The lithium separation of the battery is to generate a layer of Li metal simple substance on the surface of the battery cathode. During the charging process of the battery, lithium ions are continuously inserted from the positive electrode to the negative electrode, once the insertion speed of the lithium ions on the surface of the negative electrode exceeds the capability of the negative electrode, the lithium ions are deposited on the surface of the negative electrode, and meanwhile, as the potential of the negative electrode is continuously reduced along with the charging process, when the potential of the negative electrode on the lithium reaches 0V, lithium metal simple substance is generated.
The lithium precipitation causes the reduction of lithium ions in the battery and the reduction of the battery capacity. Meanwhile, when more metal lithium is precipitated, lithium dendrite is formed due to the directionality of the precipitated lithium; when the length of the lithium dendrites is increased to be able to pierce the membrane, it will lead to overheating and even risk of shorting the positive and negative electrodes.
In summary, during the use of the battery, the problems of the decrease of the battery capacity and the increase of the internal resistance occur. If the battery is still charged with the initially set charging strategy, the current battery characteristics may be exceeded or the charge may be insufficient.
For example, if the internal resistance of a certain battery is 30m Ω when the battery is not aged, and the charging current in the constant-current charging stage is 4A, the floating voltage of the battery is 0.12V when the battery is not aged, and when it is detected that the battery voltage reaches the constant-current charging cutoff voltage of 4.2V, the open-circuit voltage of the battery when the battery is not aged is 4.2V-0.12v =4.08v, at this time, the constant-current charging stage is switched to the constant-voltage charging stage, in other words, when the battery is not aged, the constant-current charging stage is terminated when the open-circuit voltage of the battery reaches 4.08V.
When the battery is used, the internal resistance of the battery is aged from 30m Ω to 60m Ω when the battery is not aged, if the charging current in the constant-current charging stage is still 4A, the floating voltage of the battery after aging is 0.24V, and when it is detected that the battery voltage reaches the constant-current charging cut-off voltage of 4.2V, the open-circuit voltage of the battery after aging is 4.2V-0.24v =3.96v, at this time, the constant-current charging stage is switched to the constant-voltage charging stage, in other words, after the battery is aged, the constant-current charging stage is terminated when the open-circuit voltage of the battery reaches 3.96V, so that the open-circuit voltage of the battery is reduced when the constant-current charging stage is terminated compared with that when the battery is not aged, which may cause the duration of the constant-current charging stage, while the reduction of the duration of the constant-current charging stage may cause the increase of the overall charging duration of the constant-current and constant-voltage charging manner, which may further affect the charging efficiency of the battery.
For another example, in the constant voltage phase, the charge cutoff current is generally determined according to the rated capacity of the battery. For example, for a battery with a rated capacity of 3000mAh, the cut-off current for fully charging the battery is 0.02C, and when the battery is not aged, the preset charge cut-off voltage is 60mA; when the battery ages to a capacity of 2500mAh, the corresponding charge cut-off current should be 50mA, but not 60mA; however, according to the current charging strategy, the cut-off current is not changed accordingly, but is still controlled according to the value of 60mA, which causes the charging cut-off current to be too high, resulting in the problem of insufficient battery charging.
For another example, in the gradient control charging method, assuming that the rated capacity of the battery is 3000mAh and the initial charging current is 1C, i.e., the battery is charged with a current of 3A in the initial stage, after the battery capacity is reduced to 2500mAh, the current value corresponding to 1C should be 2.5A, i.e., the battery should be charged with a current of 2.5A. If the battery is still charged with 3A current, the current battery characteristics are exceeded, which accelerates the aging of the battery and affects the battery life.
Therefore, how to set a charging strategy of the battery to satisfy the charging speed and the service life of the battery becomes a problem to be solved urgently at present.
In order to solve the above problem, the embodiment of the present application first provides a charging method, which is described in detail below with reference to fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 3, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes steps S310 to S330. The charging method provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to any one of the charging processes described above.
In step S310, the positive electrode potential of the battery is determined during the charging of the battery.
In embodiments of the present application, the method of determining the potential of the positive electrode of the cell may be to configure the cell as a three-electrode cell, determined by measuring the potential difference between the third electrode (or reference electrode) and the positive electrode of the cell. The specific structure of the battery and the method of determining the positive electrode potential will be described in detail later.
In step S320, the charging parameter of the battery is updated according to the positive electrode potential.
Wherein the charging parameter of the battery may comprise at least one of: the charging cut-off voltage of the battery in the constant current stage, the charging cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage stage and the charging current of the battery in the constant current stage.
In step S330, the battery is charged according to the charging parameters of the battery.
When the charging method provided by the embodiment of the application is used for charging the battery, the key charging parameters such as the charging current, the charging voltage, the cut-off current and the cut-off voltage are not invariable. In the charging process, the charging parameters of the battery can be matched with the battery anode and the current battery characteristics continuously according to the potential change of the battery anode, so that the battery can be fully charged at a higher speed on the premise of safety when the battery has the problems of aging and the like.
The charging process of the battery is actually the process of transferring lithium ions and electrons from the positive electrode to the negative electrode under the action of an external electric field. When the battery is charged, electrons are lost from the positive electrode, and the potential rises. For the metal material of the positive electrode, theoretically, the potential after all electrons of the positive electrode are transferred is the standard electrode potential (or theoretical maximum potential) of the material.
Therefore, whether the lithium ions of the battery anode are completely released under the current state can be determined according to the difference value between the current anode potential of the battery and the maximum potential of the anode material. The charging parameter of the battery may be updated according to the first difference between the positive electrode potential and the standard potential for lithium of the positive electrode material determined in step S310.
The standard electrode potential of the electrode material was obtained by comparing a standard hydrogen atom as a reference electrode, that is, a standard electrode potential value of a hydrogen atom with a hydrogen standard electrode of 0. In the embodiment of the present application, the positive electrode potential determined in step S310 is a positive electrode potential toward lithium ions, i.e., a lithium potential. Therefore, in order to compare the measured positive electrode potential with the standard electrode potential, in the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the standard electrode potential of the electrode material needs to be converted into a lithium counter potential (in the embodiment of the present application, this is referred to as a lithium counter standard potential).
The method provided by the embodiment of the present application is applied to different charging modes in the following detailed description.
In some embodiments, the charging process for the battery includes a constant current phase, i.e., the battery is charged by means of CCCV.
In the constant current phase, the battery may be charged with a third preset charging current or an updated third charging current until the voltage of the battery reaches an updated third cut-off voltage.
The updated third charging current may be determined according to the first potential difference and a third preset charging current, and the updated third cut-off voltage is determined according to the first potential difference and the preset cut-off voltage. In the subsequent charging process, the battery will not change according to the state of the battery, and the influence thereof is described in the foregoing, and is not described herein again.
As an example, assuming that when a battery with a nominal capacity of 3000mAh is charged, the charging current of the preset constant current stage is 1C, i.e. 3A, and the charge cut-off voltage is 4.2V, according to the existing charging strategy, when the battery is charged, the voltage of the battery is determined, and when the voltage reaches the cut-off voltage of 4.2V, the next charging stage is entered.
By applying the method provided by the application, the positive electrode potential of the battery is detected when the battery is charged by using the current of 3A. For example, at a time immediately after the start of charging, the positive electrode potential was measured to be 3.2V, and a first difference between the positive electrode potential at this time and the standard potential for lithium of the positive electrode material was determined. The standard potential for lithium of the positive electrode material is related to the type of the battery or positive electrode material, for example, for a lithium cobaltate battery, the standard potential for lithium of the positive electrode material is 4.53V, and the first difference of the positive electrode potential is 1.32V. This indicates that at the present moment the potential of the positive electrode of the battery has not yet reached its maximum value far enough for the lithium ions of the positive electrode to have a large space for release.
In this case, the magnitude of the charging current may be updated according to the first difference. More specifically, the adjustment amplitude of the current may be determined according to the magnitude of the first difference. For example, at a first difference of 1.32V as above, the charging current may be increased by 50%, i.e. the current is adjusted from 3A to 4.5A, thereby increasing the charging speed at this stage. When the first difference is relatively small, for example, the first difference is 0.8V, the adjustment amount of the charging current should be appropriately reduced, for example, the current may be increased by 20%, that is, adjusted from 3A to 3.6A. The advantage of this type of time is that the battery state is detected by detecting the potential, and the charging current is increased within an allowable range, thereby increasing the charging speed.
Alternatively, the current of the battery may not be adjusted until the battery voltage reaches the cutoff voltage. After the voltage reaches the cut-off voltage, the cut-off voltage in the constant current stage is updated according to the first difference value of the positive electrode potential. For example, when the battery voltage reaches a preset cut-off voltage of 4.2V by charging at a current of 3A, the positive electrode potential is 4.3V, and at this time, there is a difference of 0.23V between the positive electrode potential and the standard potential of the positive electrode material, which indicates that lithium ions of the positive electrode material are not completely released at the present moment. In this case, the cut-off voltage may be adjusted, for example, by raising the cut-off voltage from 4.2V to 4.4V, and continuing to charge with the current of 3A until the battery voltage reaches the updated cut-off voltage, and then entering the next stage of charging. Alternatively, the positive electrode potential reaching the standard potential for lithium of the positive electrode material may be used as a cut-off condition in the constant current phase, that is, the positive electrode potential is detected during charging, and the battery is charged with a constant current until the battery potential is equal to the standard potential for lithium of the positive electrode material. The beneficial effects brought by the mode are as follows: after the battery is aged, the floating voltage of the battery is increased due to the increase of the internal resistance, and if the battery is charged at a preset cut-off voltage, when the constant current charging is cut off, the open-circuit voltage of the battery is lower than that of the battery which is not aged, so that the problem of insufficient charging or slow charging of the battery is caused; in the above method, the cut-off voltage is adjusted or the electrode potential is used as the cut-off condition, so that the lithium ions in the positive electrode can be sufficiently released during the charging process, thereby improving the charging efficiency of the battery in an aged state.
In some embodiments, the charging process for the battery further comprises a constant voltage phase. In the constant voltage phase, the battery may be charged with the third cut-off voltage or a voltage greater than the third cut-off voltage until the charging current of the battery reaches the updated charging cut-off current. Wherein the updated charging medium current is determined based on the measured first potential difference and a preset charge cutoff current of the battery.
As mentioned above, after the battery is charged with constant current until the battery voltage is equal to the constant current cut-off voltage, the constant voltage charging stage is entered. In the constant voltage charging stage, the charging voltage is kept unchanged, and the charging current continuously decreases. According to the current charging strategy, the charging is stopped after the charging current is reduced to a preset charging cutoff current. The preset charge cutoff current is generally determined according to the capacity of the battery, and may be, for example, 0.02C. As the battery ages, the capacity of the battery decreases, and ideally the cutoff current should decrease at this time, which is not accommodated by current charging strategies, resulting in an under-charged condition.
Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the off current may be adjusted according to the first difference of the positive electrode potential. For example, in the case where the charge is performed until the current reaches a preset off current, and the positive electrode potential does not reach the standard voltage for lithium of the positive electrode material, the value of the off current may be reduced.
For example, for a battery with a capacity of 3000mAh, the preset charge cut-off current is 0.02C, i.e. 60mA, the charge voltage in the constant voltage stage is, for example, 4.2V, when the battery is charged to the charge voltage of 60mA, the positive electrode potential at this time is 4.3V, and the standard potential for lithium of the positive electrode material is 4.53V, the cut-off current can be adjusted according to the difference of 0.23V, for example, the cut-off current can be reduced to 45mA, thereby prolonging the charge time and increasing the battery capacity.
As another implementation manner, the positive electrode potential can reach the standard lithium-to-lithium potential of the positive electrode material or the first difference between the positive electrode potential and the standard lithium-to-lithium potential meets the preset condition as a charge cut-off condition, so that lithium ions in the electrode material can be utilized to the maximum extent, and the electric quantity of the battery can be increased.
The method of charging the CCCV using the methods provided herein is described above with reference to examples. The method provided by the present application can also be applied to a step charging method with multiple constant current stages, as described in detail below.
In some embodiments, the charging process of the battery includes at least one constant current phase including a first constant current phase and a second constant current phase that are adjacent. It should be understood that the first constant current phase and the second constant current phase mentioned herein are only examples, and actually, a plurality of constant current phases may be included in the step charging method, and the number of the plurality of constant current phases in this charging strategy is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
In the charging process of the first constant current stage, the battery is charged by using a first preset charging current or an updated first charging current until the voltage of the battery reaches an updated first cut-off voltage.
And entering a second constant current stage after the voltage of the battery reaches the first cut-off voltage. And in the second constant current stage, charging the battery by using a second preset charging current or the updated second charging current until the voltage of the battery reaches the updated second cut-off voltage.
The updated first charging current is determined according to the first potential difference value and the first preset charging current, the updated first cut-off voltage is determined according to the first potential difference value and a preset cut-off voltage of the first constant current stage, the updated second charging current is determined according to the first potential difference value and the second preset charging current, and the updated second cut-off voltage is determined according to the first potential difference value and the preset cut-off voltage of the second constant current stage.
Similar to the constant current charging mentioned above, in the step charging mode, the preset charging current and the preset cutoff voltage of each constant current stage are determined by performing a charging experiment on the battery before the battery leaves the factory. In the subsequent charging process, the battery will not change according to the state of the battery, and the influence thereof has already been described in the foregoing, and is not described herein again.
In the method provided by the embodiment of the application, the state of the battery can be determined according to the first difference value of the positive electrode potential and the standard lithium potential by monitoring the positive electrode potential, and the charging current and the cut-off voltage at each stage are updated in the charging process, so that the charging efficiency can be improved. This is explained below with reference to an example.
Taking the charging of a battery with a capacity of 3000mAh as an example, according to the existing charging strategy, the charging current and the cut-off voltage in the first constant current stage and the second constant current stage are determined according to the battery capacity, for example, the charging current in the first stage is set to be 3C (9A), the cut-off voltage is 4V, the charging current in the second stage is 2C (6A), and the corresponding cut-off voltage is 4.2V.
When charging, firstly charging the battery with a current of 9A until the battery voltage is 4V, and if the positive electrode potential is 3.9V at the moment, the first difference between the positive electrode potential and the standard lithium potential of the positive electrode material is 0.63V, which indicates that at the current moment, the lithium ions of the positive electrode of the battery still have a space for releasing, and the cut-off voltage can be properly increased, so that the battery can be continuously charged with a relatively high current, and the charging speed is accelerated. Alternatively, the charging current at this stage may be adjusted, for example, the charging current may be increased appropriately, so as to increase the charging speed. After the voltage charged to the battery reaches the updated first cut-off voltage, a second constant current stage can be entered, and the charging current of the second constant current stage can be a preset second charging current or a second charging current updated according to the potential difference. Meanwhile, in the second constant current stage, the first difference of the positive electrode potential may also be detected, so that the cut-off voltage in the second constant current stage is updated according to the first difference, and the adjustment methods of the charging current and the cut-off voltage in the second constant current stage are the same as those in the first constant current stage, and are not described herein again.
In some embodiments, the charging method provided in the embodiments of the present application further includes: after the step charging, a constant voltage phase is entered. For ease of understanding and description, the second constant current phase in the staircase will be considered the last constant current phase in the staircase charging regime. In the constant voltage stage, the second cut-off voltage of the second constant current stage or the voltage larger than the second cut-off voltage is used for charging the battery, and the charging current of the battery is known to reach the cut-off current of the updated constant voltage stage. The method for determining the off-current during the constant voltage phase is the same as that mentioned above for the CCCV charging method, as described above.
By utilizing the method, the charging current in the constant current stage is updated based on the anode potential; in the process of charging by using the updated current, the positive electrode potential of the battery is continuously increased along with the progress of the charging process, and simultaneously, the negative electrode potential is also continuously reduced. The change of the negative electrode potential of the battery has a great influence on the safety of the battery, and particularly when the negative electrode potential is reduced to be less than 0, risks such as lithium precipitation and the like are easily caused; when the lithium deposition of the battery is serious, the battery can be short-circuited, and fire and even explosion can be caused.
Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of the battery during the charging process, the charging method provided by the embodiment of the application further comprises the following steps: determining a negative electrode potential of the battery during charging of the battery with the updated charging current based on the positive electrode potential; and when the potential of the negative electrode is less than 0, reducing the current for charging the battery.
For example, in the method described above, the charging current is increased from 3A to 4.5A according to the current positive electrode potential of the battery, and constant current charging is performed with a current of 4.5A. In the process, the potential of the negative electrode is detected in real time, when the potential of the negative electrode is reduced to be less than 0V, the current for charging the battery is reduced, for example, the current is reduced from 4.5A to 4.3A, the battery is charged by the current of 4.3A until the potential of the negative electrode is raised to be more than 0V, at the moment, the battery has no risk of lithium precipitation, and the current can be increased to 4.5V again. The method can improve the safety of the battery during charging.
In embodiments of the present application, the method of determining the potential of the negative electrode of the cell may be similar to the method of determining the potential of the positive electrode described hereinbefore, i.e. by measuring the potential difference between the third electrode (or reference electrode) and the negative electrode of the cell.
Alternatively, since the battery voltage is substantially equal to the difference between the positive electrode potential and the negative electrode potential of the battery, the difference between the battery voltage detected during charging and the positive electrode potential may be used as the negative electrode potential.
The charging method provided by the embodiments of the present application is described in detail above with reference to the drawings and examples, and the method for determining the positive electrode potential and the negative electrode potential is described in detail below.
Before describing a method of determining an electrode potential, a battery to which a charging method according to an embodiment of the present application is applied and a structure thereof will be described in detail.
Please refer to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application, and the battery 40 in fig. 4 includes: battery cell 41, casing 42, positive pole 43 and negative pole 44.
The casing 42 has a sealed cavity, so that the battery cell 41 can be accommodated therein. The battery cell 41 is a laminated battery cell and comprises a plurality of positive electrode sheets 411 and a plurality of negative electrode sheets 412, wherein the positive electrode sheets 411 and the negative electrode sheets 412 are alternately stacked in sequence, and the two outermost sides are preferably provided with the negative electrode sheets 412 so as to assemble the battery cell in a negative-positive 8230; \8230; -negative structure.
In the battery cell 41, each positive electrode sheet 411 is connected to the same positive electrode tab 413, and the case 42 is provided with the positive electrode post 43, and the positive electrode post 43 is at least partially exposed out of the case and is insulated from the case 42 to serve as a positive electrode of the battery 40. The negative electrode tabs 412 in the battery cell 41 are connected to the same negative electrode tab 414, the negative electrode tab 414 is connected to the negative electrode post 44 on the casing 42, and at least a part of the negative electrode post 44 is exposed out of the casing 42 to form the battery 40. Positive post 43 and negative post 44 are insulated from each other and from housing 42.
The housing 42 is a metal housing, and may be aluminum, iron, or the like, for example.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery provided in an embodiment of the present application, and a battery 50 in fig. 5 includes a battery core 51, a casing 52, a positive post 53, and a negative post 54.
The battery 50 shown in fig. 5 differs from the battery 40 in fig. 4 in that the cell 51 is a wound cell, and the positive electrode tab 511 and the negative electrode tab 512 are separated by a separator 513 and wound into a cylindrical shape and accommodated in a cylindrical cavity of the case 52.
The positive tab 511 and the negative tab 512 are electrically connected to the positive post 53 and the negative post 54, which are disposed at both ends of the case and insulated from the case, through the positive tab 514 and the negative tab 515, respectively, to form a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the battery.
Similar to the case 42 in fig. 4, the case 52 in fig. 5 is also a metal case, the positive post 53 and the negative post 54 are provided on the case 52, and the positive post 53 and the negative post 54 are insulated from each other and both insulated from the case.
For the cells of fig. 4 and 5, the case is conductive and is in contact with the electrolyte in the cell, but not with the positive and negative electrodes. That is, a voltage difference is formed between the metal casing and the positive and negative electrodes in the battery, but a loop is not formed.
Therefore, in the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, determining the positive electrode potential of the battery may be: during charging of the battery, a first potential difference between the positive post 43 (53) and the case 42 (52) is detected, and the positive potential is determined based on the first potential difference.
Based on the same principle, determining the negative potential of the battery may be: a second potential difference between negative electrode tab 44 (54) and case 42 (52) is detected, and the negative electrode potential is determined based on the second potential difference.
It should be noted that the first and second potential differences between the positive and negative electrode posts and the casing are voltages of the positive and negative electrode posts relative to the casing made of a metal material, and in the embodiment of the present application, the positive electrode potential and the negative electrode potential are both negative electrode potentials. Therefore, when the positive electrode potential or the negative electrode potential is determined based on the first potential difference or the second potential difference, it is necessary to calculate a difference between the first potential difference or the second potential difference and a lithium potential of a material of the case as the positive electrode potential or the negative electrode potential.
As another implementation manner, the potential of the positive electrode and the potential of the negative electrode can be directly determined by arranging a third electrode (or called a reference electrode) in the battery cell and measuring a potential difference between the third electrode and the positive electrode and the negative electrode, which is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-electrode battery provided in an embodiment of the present application. The battery 60 in fig. 6 includes: the battery comprises a shell 61, a battery core 62, a positive pole 63, a negative pole 64, a third pole 65 and a third pole piece 66.
The positive pole 63, the negative pole 64, and the third pole 65 are insulated from the casing 61, and are electrically connected to the positive pole tab 624, the negative pole tab 625, and the third pole tab 626 in the battery cell 62, respectively.
The battery cell 62 comprises a plurality of positive plates 621 and a plurality of negative plates 622 which are alternately stacked, and the positive plates 621 and the negative plates 622 are electrically connected with the positive posts 63 and the negative posts 64 through positive tabs 624 and negative tabs 625 respectively.
The third tab 66 is disposed between the battery cell 62 and the casing 61, and is electrically connected to the third pole 65 through the third tab 626.
In some embodiments, a diaphragm is disposed on a side of the third electrode 66 close to the battery cell 62, so as to avoid deviation of measurement results caused by contact between the third electrode 66 and the outermost electrode of the battery cell 62.
It should be noted that, when the casing 61 is made of a conductive material such as metal, a diaphragm may be disposed on a side of the third electrode 66 close to the casing to insulate the third electrode 66 from the casing 61.
In the embodiment of the present application, the size of the third pole piece 66 is not limited, and the size of the third pole piece 66 may be the same as that of the positive pole piece or the negative pole piece; alternatively, the third pole piece 66 may be sized smaller than the positive and negative pole pieces for material savings.
In some embodiments, the third electrode 66 is made of a conductive metal, such as copper or aluminum. Preferably, the surface of the third electrode 66 may be plated with lithium or coated with an active material, such as lithium iron phosphate.
By providing the third electrode, the case 61 does not need to have conductivity. Therefore, in some embodiments, the housing 61 may be made of an organic polymer material such as plastic.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a three-electrode battery provided in another embodiment of the present application. The battery in fig. 7 includes a case 71, a cell 72, a positive post 73, a negative post 74, a third post 75, and a third tab 76.
The positive pole 73, the negative pole 74 and the third pole 75 are disposed on the casing 71 and insulated from the casing 71, and the positive pole 73, the negative pole 74 and the third pole 75 are electrically connected to a positive pole tab 724, a negative pole tab 725 and a third pole tab 726 in the battery cell 72, respectively.
The battery cell 72 is a winding structure and comprises a positive plate 721, a negative plate 722 and a diaphragm 727 arranged between the plates, wherein the laminated structure formed by the positive plate 721, the negative plate 722 and the diaphragm 727 is wound into a cylindrical shape and is accommodated in the cylindrical cavity of the casing 71. Positive plate 721 and negative plate 722 are connected to positive post 73 and negative post 74 on the housing via positive tab 724 and negative tab 725, respectively, to form the positive and negative poles of the battery.
The third pole piece 76 is disposed between the casing 71 and the battery cell 72, and is disposed separately from both the outermost pole piece of the battery cell 72 and the casing 71. The third pole piece 76 is electrically connected to the third pole piece 75 via a third tab 726.
The material of the third pole piece 76 in fig. 7 may be the same as the third pole piece 66 in fig. 6, and is not repeated here.
In the battery shown in fig. 6 and 7, the third electrode is provided, and therefore, the determination of the positive electrode potential and the negative electrode potential in the charging method of the embodiment of the present application may be: and detecting a third potential difference and a fourth potential difference between the third pole column and the positive pole column and between the third pole column and the negative pole column, and determining the positive pole potential and the negative pole potential according to the third potential difference and the fourth potential difference.
Method embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with fig. 1-7, and apparatus embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the figures. It is to be understood that the description of the apparatus embodiments corresponds to the method embodiments and therefore reference may be made to the method embodiments hereinbefore for parts not described in detail.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging device 800 according to an embodiment of the present application, where the charging device 800 in fig. 8 includes:
the determining module 810 is configured to determine a positive electrode potential of the battery during charging of the battery.
An updating module 820 configured to update charging parameters of the battery according to the positive electrode potential, the charging parameters including at least one of: the charging cut-off voltage of the battery in the constant current stage, the charging cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage stage and the charging current of the battery in the constant current stage.
A charging module 830 configured to charge the battery according to the charging parameter of the battery.
Optionally, the charging parameter of the battery is updated according to a first potential difference value of the positive electrode potential and a standard potential of the positive electrode material of the battery to lithium.
Optionally, the charging process of the battery comprises at least one constant current stage, and the at least one constant current stage comprises a first constant current stage and a second constant current stage which are adjacent to each other; the charging module is configured to: in the first constant current stage, charging the battery by using a first preset charging current or an updated first charging current until the voltage of the battery reaches an updated first cut-off voltage; entering the second constant current phase in response to the charging voltage of the battery reaching the first cutoff voltage; in the second constant current stage, charging the battery by using a second preset charging current or an updated second charging current until the voltage of the battery reaches an updated second cut-off voltage; the updated first charging current is determined according to the first potential difference value and the first preset charging current, the updated first cut-off voltage is determined according to the first potential difference value and a preset cut-off voltage of the first constant current stage, the updated second charging current is determined according to the first potential difference value and the second preset charging current, and the updated second cut-off voltage is determined according to the first potential difference value and a preset cut-off voltage of the second constant current stage.
Optionally, the charging process of the battery further includes a constant voltage phase, and in the case that the second constant current phase is the last constant current phase of the at least one constant current phase, the charging module is configured to: in the constant voltage stage, charging the battery by using the second cut-off voltage or a voltage greater than the second cut-off voltage until the current of the battery reaches the updated charge cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage stage; wherein the updated charge cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage phase is determined according to the first potential difference and a preset charge cut-off current of the battery.
Optionally, the charging process of the battery comprises a constant current phase; the charging module is configured to: in the constant current stage, charging the battery by using a third preset charging current or an updated third charging current until the voltage of the battery reaches an updated third cut-off voltage; the updated third charging current is determined according to the first potential difference value and a third preset charging current of the constant current stage, and the updated third cut-off voltage is determined according to the first potential difference value and a preset cut-off voltage of the constant current stage. Optionally, the charging process of the battery further includes a constant voltage phase, and the charging module is configured to: in the constant voltage stage, charging the battery by using the third cut-off voltage or a voltage greater than the third cut-off voltage until the current of the battery reaches the updated charge cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage stage; wherein the updated charge cutoff current of the battery in the constant voltage phase is determined according to the first potential difference and a preset charge cutoff current of the battery.
Optionally, the battery comprises: a housing; the battery cell is arranged in the shell and comprises a plurality of positive pole pieces and a plurality of negative pole pieces which are wound or stacked; the positive pole posts are electrically connected with the plurality of positive pole pieces and are arranged in an insulated manner with the shell; the determination module is configured to: and detecting a first potential difference between the positive pole and the shell in the process of charging the battery, and determining the positive pole potential according to the first potential difference.
Optionally, the battery comprises: a housing; the battery cell is arranged in the shell and comprises a plurality of positive plates and a plurality of negative plates which are wound or stacked; the positive pole posts are electrically connected with the plurality of positive pole pieces and are arranged in an insulating way with the shell; the third pole piece is arranged between the battery cell and the shell; the third pole column is electrically connected with the third pole piece; the determination module is configured to: and detecting a third potential difference between the third pole and the positive pole in the process of charging the battery, and determining the positive pole potential according to the third potential difference.
Optionally, the determining unit is further configured to: the determination unit is further configured to: determining a negative electrode potential of the battery during charging of the battery with the updated charging current based on the positive electrode potential; the apparatus further includes a regulating unit configured to reduce a current for charging the battery when the negative electrode potential is less than 0.
Optionally, the battery includes: a housing; the battery cell is arranged in the shell and comprises a plurality of positive plates and a plurality of negative plates which are wound or stacked; the negative pole posts are electrically connected with the negative pole pieces and are insulated from the shell; the determination unit is configured to: and detecting a second potential difference between the negative pole and the shell in the process of charging the battery, and determining the negative pole potential according to the second potential difference.
Optionally, the battery comprises: a housing; the battery cell is arranged in the shell and comprises a plurality of positive plates and a plurality of negative plates which are wound or stacked; the positive pole posts are electrically connected with the plurality of positive pole pieces and are arranged in an insulated manner with the shell; the third pole piece is arranged between the battery cell and the shell; the third pole column is electrically connected with the third pole piece; the determination unit is configured to: and detecting a fourth potential difference between the third pole and the negative pole in the process of charging the battery, and determining the negative pole potential according to the fourth potential difference.
An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a battery and a charging device, where the charging device is used to charge the battery, and the charging device may be the charging device in any of the foregoing embodiments, and the battery may be the battery in any of the embodiments shown in fig. 4 to 7.
An embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the charging method in any of the foregoing embodiments.
Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program is executed by a processor to implement a charging method as in any of the foregoing embodiments.
The lithium ion battery charging method provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to mobile phones, tablet computers, wearable devices, vehicle-mounted devices, augmented Reality (AR)/Virtual Reality (VR) devices, notebook computers, ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPCs), netbooks, personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) and other terminal devices, and the embodiment of the application does not limit the specific types of the terminal devices at all.
For example, the terminal device may be a Station (ST) in a WLAN, and may be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a Wireless Local Loop (WLL) station, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) device, a handheld device with Wireless communication capability, a computing device or other processing device connected to a Wireless modem, a vehicle mounted device, a vehicle networking terminal, a computer, a laptop, a handheld communication device, a handheld computing device, a satellite Wireless device, a Wireless modem card, a Set Top Box (STB), a Customer Premises Equipment (CPE), and/or other devices for communicating over a Wireless system and a next generation communication system, such as a Mobile terminal in a 5G Network or a Mobile terminal in a future evolved Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) Network, and the like.
By way of example and not limitation, when the terminal device is a wearable device, the wearable device may also be a generic term for intelligently designing daily wearing by applying wearable technology, developing wearable devices, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, shoes, and the like. A wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the clothing or accessories of the user. The wearable device is not only a hardware device, but also realizes powerful functions through software support, data interaction and cloud interaction. The generalized wearable intelligent device has the advantages that the generalized wearable intelligent device is complete in function and large in size, can realize complete or partial functions without depending on a smart phone, such as a smart watch or smart glasses, and only is concentrated on a certain application function, and needs to be matched with other devices such as the smart phone for use, such as various smart bracelets for monitoring physical signs, smart jewelry and the like.

Claims (20)

1. A method of charging, the method comprising:
determining the positive electrode potential of the battery in the process of charging the battery;
updating charging parameters of the battery according to the positive electrode potential, wherein the charging parameters comprise at least one of the following: the charging cut-off voltage of the battery in the constant current stage, the charging cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage stage and the charging current of the battery in the constant current stage;
and charging the battery according to the charging parameters of the battery.
2. The method of claim 1,
the charging parameters of the battery are updated according to the first potential difference value of the anode potential and the standard potential of the anode material of the battery.
3. The method of claim 2,
the charging process of the battery comprises at least one constant current stage, wherein the at least one constant current stage comprises a first constant current stage and a second constant current stage which are adjacent;
the charging the battery according to the charging parameters of the battery comprises:
in the first constant current stage, charging the battery by using a first preset charging current or an updated first charging current until the voltage of the battery reaches an updated first cut-off voltage;
entering the second constant current phase in response to the charging voltage of the battery reaching the first cutoff voltage;
in the second constant current stage, charging the battery by using a second preset charging current or an updated second charging current until the voltage of the battery reaches an updated second cut-off voltage;
the updated first charging current is determined according to the first potential difference value and the first preset charging current, the updated first cut-off voltage is determined according to the first potential difference value and a preset cut-off voltage of the first constant current stage, the updated second charging current is determined according to the first potential difference value and the second preset charging current, and the updated second cut-off voltage is determined according to the first potential difference value and the preset cut-off voltage of the second constant current stage.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the charging process of the battery further comprises a constant voltage phase, and in the case that the second constant current phase is the last constant current phase of the at least one constant current phase, the charging the battery according to the charging parameters of the battery comprises:
in the constant voltage stage, charging the battery by using the second cut-off voltage or a voltage greater than the second cut-off voltage until the current of the battery reaches the updated charge cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage stage;
wherein the updated charge cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage phase is determined according to the first potential difference and a preset charge cut-off current of the battery.
5. The method of claim 2,
the charging process of the battery comprises a constant current stage;
the charging the battery according to the charging parameters of the battery comprises:
in the constant current stage, charging the battery by using a third preset charging current or an updated third charging current until the voltage of the battery reaches an updated third cut-off voltage;
the updated third charging current is determined according to the first potential difference value and a third preset charging current of the constant current stage, and the updated third cut-off voltage is determined according to the first potential difference value and a preset cut-off voltage of the constant current stage.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the charging process of the battery further comprises a constant voltage phase, and the charging of the battery according to the charging parameters of the battery comprises:
in the constant voltage stage, charging the battery by using the third cut-off voltage or a voltage greater than the third cut-off voltage until the current of the battery reaches the updated charge cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage stage;
wherein the updated charge cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage phase is determined according to the first potential difference and a preset charge cut-off current of the battery.
7. The method of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the battery comprises:
a housing;
the battery cell is arranged in the shell and comprises a plurality of positive plates and a plurality of negative plates which are wound or stacked;
the positive pole posts are electrically connected with the plurality of positive pole pieces and are arranged in an insulated manner with the shell;
the determining of the positive electrode potential of the battery comprises the following steps:
and detecting a first potential difference between the positive pole and the shell in the process of charging the battery, and determining the positive pole potential according to the first potential difference.
8. The method of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the battery comprises:
a housing;
the battery cell is arranged in the shell and comprises a plurality of positive pole pieces and a plurality of negative pole pieces which are wound or stacked;
the positive pole posts are electrically connected with the plurality of positive pole pieces and are arranged in an insulating way with the shell;
the third pole piece is arranged between the battery cell and the shell;
the third pole column is electrically connected with the third pole piece;
the determining of the positive electrode potential of the battery comprises the following steps:
and in the process of charging the battery, detecting a third potential difference between the third pole and the positive pole, and determining the positive pole potential according to the third potential difference.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining a negative electrode potential of the battery during charging of the battery with the updated charging current based on the positive electrode potential;
and when the negative electrode potential is less than 0, reducing the current for charging the battery.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the battery comprises:
a housing;
the battery cell is arranged in the shell and comprises a plurality of positive pole pieces and a plurality of negative pole pieces which are wound or stacked;
the negative pole posts are electrically connected with the negative pole pieces and are insulated from the shell;
the determining the negative electrode potential of the battery comprises:
and detecting a second potential difference between the negative pole and the shell in the process of charging the battery, and determining the negative pole potential according to the second potential difference.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein the battery comprises:
a housing;
the battery cell is arranged in the shell and comprises a plurality of positive plates and a plurality of negative plates which are wound or stacked;
the positive pole posts are electrically connected with the plurality of positive pole pieces and are arranged in an insulated manner with the shell;
the third pole piece is arranged between the battery cell and the shell;
the third pole column is electrically connected with the third pole piece;
the determining the negative electrode potential of the battery comprises the following steps:
and detecting a fourth potential difference between the third pole and the negative pole in the process of charging the battery, and determining the negative pole potential according to the fourth potential difference.
12. A charging device, comprising:
the determining module is configured to determine the positive pole potential of the battery in the process of charging the battery;
an updating module configured to update charging parameters of the battery according to the positive electrode potential, the charging parameters including at least one of: the charging cut-off voltage of the battery in the constant current stage, the charging cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage stage and the charging current of the battery in the constant current stage;
a charging module configured to charge the battery according to a charging parameter of the battery.
13. The charging device of claim 12, wherein the battery comprises:
a housing;
the battery cell is arranged in the shell and comprises a plurality of positive pole pieces and a plurality of negative pole pieces which are wound or stacked;
the positive pole posts are electrically connected with the plurality of positive pole pieces and are arranged in an insulating way with the shell;
the determination module is configured to: and in the process of charging the battery, detecting a first potential difference between the positive pole and the shell, and determining the positive pole potential according to the first potential difference.
14. The charging device of claim 12, wherein the battery comprises:
a housing;
the battery cell is arranged in the shell and comprises a plurality of positive plates and a plurality of negative plates which are wound or stacked;
the positive pole posts are electrically connected with the plurality of positive pole pieces and are arranged in an insulating way with the shell;
the third pole piece is arranged between the battery cell and the shell;
the third pole column is electrically connected with the third pole piece;
the determination module is configured to: and detecting a third potential difference between the third pole and the positive pole in the process of charging the battery, and determining the positive pole potential according to the third potential difference.
15. The charging device of claim 12,
the determination unit is further configured to: determining a negative electrode potential of the battery while charging the battery with a charging current updated based on the positive electrode potential;
the apparatus further includes a regulating unit configured to reduce a current for charging the battery when the negative electrode potential is less than 0.
16. The charging device of claim 15, wherein the battery comprises:
a housing;
the battery cell is arranged in the shell and comprises a plurality of positive pole pieces and a plurality of negative pole pieces which are wound or stacked;
the negative pole posts are electrically connected with the negative pole pieces and are insulated from the shell;
the determination unit is configured to: and detecting a second potential difference between the negative pole and the shell in the process of charging the battery, and determining the negative pole potential according to the second potential difference.
17. The charging device of claim 15, wherein the battery comprises:
a housing;
the battery cell is arranged in the shell and comprises a plurality of positive plates and a plurality of negative plates which are wound or stacked;
the positive pole posts are electrically connected with the plurality of positive pole pieces and are arranged in an insulated manner with the shell;
the third pole piece is arranged between the battery cell and the shell;
the third pole column is electrically connected with the third pole piece;
the determination unit is configured to: and detecting a fourth potential difference between the third pole and the negative pole in the process of charging the battery, and determining the negative pole potential according to the fourth potential difference.
18. An electronic device, comprising:
a battery;
a charging arrangement as claimed in any of claims 12 to 17, for charging the battery.
19. An electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program that, when executed by the processor, implements the charging method of any one of claims 1 to 11.
20. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that,
stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a charging method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11.
CN202211282383.7A 2022-10-19 2022-10-19 Charging method and device, electronic device and storage medium Pending CN115566770A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211282383.7A CN115566770A (en) 2022-10-19 2022-10-19 Charging method and device, electronic device and storage medium

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211282383.7A CN115566770A (en) 2022-10-19 2022-10-19 Charging method and device, electronic device and storage medium

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115566770A true CN115566770A (en) 2023-01-03

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115566770A (en)

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