CN115564148A - Chamber safety analysis method based on multi-source heterogeneous data fusion - Google Patents

Chamber safety analysis method based on multi-source heterogeneous data fusion Download PDF

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CN115564148A
CN115564148A CN202211533494.0A CN202211533494A CN115564148A CN 115564148 A CN115564148 A CN 115564148A CN 202211533494 A CN202211533494 A CN 202211533494A CN 115564148 A CN115564148 A CN 115564148A
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李鹏
孙亮
王金伟
王宇
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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Abstract

The invention discloses a chamber safety analysis method based on multi-source heterogeneous data fusion, which is characterized in that the initial processing of a chamber index value group is completed through an f link, then chamber index data is predicted from a multi-source angle through a g link-fuzzy processing method, an LSSVM link-least square support vector machine model and an ELM link-ultralimit learning machine, the prediction result is converted into an evidence body, and finally the evidence body is calculated through a DS evidence fusion theory, so that the final chamber safety prediction result is obtained. By adopting the combination method, the data utilization rate is higher, and the prediction result is more accurate.

Description

Chamber safety analysis method based on multi-source heterogeneous data fusion
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of information fusion, in particular to a chamber safety analysis method based on multi-source heterogeneous data fusion.
Background
The chamber is a horizontal tunnel with large cross section and short length which is not directly connected to the surface outlet and is used for installing various devices and machines, storing materials and tools or being used for other special purposes, such as machine room, explosive storehouse, rest room and the like. In the prior art, the safety analysis of the underground chambers is based on the evaluation of risk sources, and an LS method or an LEC method is mostly adopted, and the comparison depends on qualitative description and expert scoring. Relatively speaking, the emphasis is on the macro evaluation of the chamber, and the chamber specific conditions cannot be described from a microscopic perspective. Of course, an expert or a learner collects specific data of the chamber through a sensor and then analyzes the safety of the chamber by using a machine learning model, but the expert or the learner mostly belongs to single data source analysis and is not accurate enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-source heterogeneous data analysis method to quantitatively analyze the safety state of a chamber, thereby solving the problems that the existing analysis method cannot reflect the microscopic condition of the chamber and the evaluation is inaccurate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the chamber safety analysis method based on multi-source heterogeneous data fusion divides chamber safety states into three types, namely safety, slight accidents and serious accidents, and then carries out the following processing on index data:
a step g, setting three membership functions aiming at three states, then respectively calculating the membership of each index corresponding to the three states, and taking the calculation result as the three-dimensional prediction data of the current link;
the LSSVM link is used for comprehensively calculating all indexes by utilizing a least square support vector machine model to obtain three-dimensional prediction data of the current link corresponding to three states;
an ELM link, which utilizes an overrun learning machine model to carry out comprehensive calculation on all indexes to obtain three-dimensional prediction data corresponding to three states in the current link;
and the DS link takes the three-dimensional prediction data of the g link, the LSSVM link and the ELM link as an evidence body, and then calculates the evidence body by using a DS evidence fusion model so as to obtain a final chamber state prediction result.
Preferably, an f link is arranged before the g link, and the f link fuses a plurality of pieces of data of the same index by adopting a weighted average method or a Bayesian method.
Preferably, the DS step further includes performing zero processing and weight assignment on the evidence body;
zero processing corrects the zero factor using the maximum value in the evidence body; the evidential body is shown as
Figure 561274DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
If, if
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Then the evidence body after zero processing is represented as
Figure 7429DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Wherein
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Is a correction factor;
weight assignment first calculates a correlation matrix between evidence bodies, the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure 124421DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure 71649DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
is a correlation matrix;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
total number of evidence bodies;
Figure 121644DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
for the element of the ith row and the jth column in the correlation matrix, the evidence body is represented
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
The correlation between them;
Figure 4281DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
respectively represent
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
Is first and second
Figure 546252DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
The standard deviation of the individual's body of evidence,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
respectively represent
Figure 969274DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
A first and a second
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
The mean value of the individual's body of evidence,
Figure 811459DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
indicates a desire;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
is as follows
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
The weights are then determined by the correlation matrix, which is calculated as follows:
Figure 831947DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
and finally, updating the evidence body by using the weight, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure 58660DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
is an updated evidence body.
Preferably, the g link, the LSSVM link and the ELM link are used for completing index calculation in a parallel mode.
In conclusion, by adopting the chamber safety analysis method, the invention acquires the microscopic data of the chamber through the sensor, and respectively carries out quantitative analysis on the acquired data by combining the fuzzy processing method, the least square support vector machine model and the overrun learning machine to obtain the evidence body, and then carries out comprehensive calculation on the evidence body through the improved DS evidence fusion theory, thereby realizing the accurate evaluation of the safety state of the chamber at the multi-source angle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a procedure f according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a link g in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an LSSVM link in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of an ELM link according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a DS link according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the drawings and the embodiment.
Stress, a B value, heat radiation and deformation are four indexes reflecting the safety state of the chamber, and the safety state of the chamber is judged according to the indexes through a data fusion technology. As shown in fig. 1, in the chamber safety analysis method based on multi-source heterogeneous data fusion, first, respective index value sets are respectively measured through a plurality of groups of sensors. The values of each index value group are output through the f link
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
Figure 286510DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
The method has three purposes as input, namely obtaining an evidence body through a g link
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
Secondly, obtaining an evidence body through an LSSVM model
Figure 838845DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
Thirdly, obtaining an evidence body through an ELM model
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
. The evidence body obtained in the three links obtains final three-dimensional output through a DS evidence fusion algorithm, and each dimension of the three-dimensional output represents the probability of three states (safety, light accidents and serious accidents).
And f, link: as shown in fig. 2, a weighted average method or a bayesian method is used to perform a preliminary data level fusion process to improve the accuracy of the final prediction result, and the partial data processing results in this link are shown in table 1.
Table 1 f four kinds of index values after link processing
Figure 948884DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
And g, link: as shown in fig. 3, a fuzzy processing method is used to process the data output by the f-element. Three safety states, namely safety, light accidents and serious accidents, are involved, and corresponding outputs also need to respectively give predicted values of the three states, namely three-dimensional predicted data is output. Therefore, it is necessary to set a membership function for each of the three safety states, and the expression thereof is as follows.
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
And (3) respectively carrying out g links on the four indexes of stress, deformation, B value and heat radiation, and finally obtaining 4 three-dimensional prediction data, namely four evidence bodies. Taking the third data in table 1 as an example, the probability distributions of stress, deformation, B value and thermal radiation obtained by calculation in the g link are respectively
Figure 979288DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
Figure 858382DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
LSSVM link: as shown in fig. 4, the input index is calculated by using a least squares support vector machine model (LSSVM model), and three-dimensional prediction data is obtained. And the LSSVM model carries out binary classification on the data according to a supervised learning mode. Of course, the LSSVM model is one of the machine learning models, and its use requires training the initial model through a historical data set to find the best parameters representing the three-state classifier. Taking the third data in Table 1 as an example, the data measurement output of the LSSVM model is
Figure 847198DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
An ELM link: as shown in fig. 5, the input index is calculated by using an overrun learning machine model (ELM model), and three-dimensional prediction data is obtained. The ELM is a machine learning model constructed based on a feedforward neural network, and the initial model also needs to be trained through a historical data set before use so as to find the optimal input weight, the number of hidden nodes and the like, and finally predicted values representing three states are respectively output through three output layers. Taking the third data of Table 1 as an example, the measured output of the ELM model is
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
The LSSVM link and the ELM link are models which take four indexes of stress, deformation, a B value and heat radiation as input at the same time and carry out comprehensive prediction, and only one evidence body is obtained in each model.
And (3) a DS link: and calculating six evidence bodies obtained in the g link, the ELM link and the LSSVM link based on a DS evidence fusion model so as to obtain a final prediction result. However, the traditional DS evidence theory cannot be used in practice, and because of the problem of confidence conflict, the DS evidence theory model needs to be improved. As shown in fig. 6, the solution first performs zero processing and weight assignment on the evidence body before the fusion calculation.
Zero processing is to correct the zero factor, for example, there is an evidence body of [0,0.99,0.01 ]]If there is a zero factor in the evidential volume, then the highest value of 0.99 uniform point (i.e., correction factor q = 0.01) in the evidential volume is given the zero factor, i.e., [0.01,0.98,0.01]. Taking the third row of data in Table 1 as an example, the six evidence bodies are changed into zero after being processed
Figure 788740DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
Figure 787218DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
Figure 724081DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
The weight distribution firstly calculates a correlation matrix between the evidence bodies, and then finds the weight coefficient of each evidence body by using the correlation matrix. The correlation matrix calculation formula is as follows:
Figure 618219DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure 702850DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
is a correlation matrix;ntotal number of evidence bodies;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
representing the evidence body for the element of the ith row and the jth column in the correlation matrix
Figure 137373DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
The correlation between them;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
respectively represent
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE049
A first and a second
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
The standard deviation of the individual body of evidence,
Figure 69688DEST_PATH_IMAGE051
respectively represent the first
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
A first and a second
Figure 603569DEST_PATH_IMAGE053
The mean value of the individual evidence bodies,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
indicating a desire.
Figure 113179DEST_PATH_IMAGE055
Is as follows
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
After the correlation matrix is obtained, the weight coefficient is calculated by using the following formula.
Figure 85814DEST_PATH_IMAGE057
And processing items which are less than zero, namely assigning values to be 0 if the items are less than zero, and finally updating the evidence body through the weight coefficient, namely multiplying the evidence body by the weight coefficient respectively.
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
Taking the third data in Table 1 as an example, first, the correlation matrix of Pearson is obtained according to the above correlation calculation formula
Figure 794007DEST_PATH_IMAGE059
Assigning a value of zero to a term less than zero and calculating the weight of the six evidence volumes as
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
Multiplying the weight with the corresponding evidence body to obtain
Figure 561106DEST_PATH_IMAGE061
Then to the obtained
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
And carrying out subsequent treatment.
And after obtaining the new six evidence bodies, calculating by using a formula of the traditional DS evidence fusion theory to obtain a final fusion result. The DS evidence fusion calculation method is as follows:
Figure 354750DEST_PATH_IMAGE063
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
being a collection of events, secure in this context
Figure 927813DEST_PATH_IMAGE065
Minor accident
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
Serious accident
Figure 428196DEST_PATH_IMAGE067
A set of these three events;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
is a collision coefficient;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE069
showing the evidence body generated by each link.
Taking the third row of data in table 1 as an example, the final data fusion result is obtained
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
Therefore, the fusion result judges the chamber state as a slight accident.
In addition, the scheme adopts a parallel computing mode in a g link, an ELM link and an LSSVM link so as to accelerate the data processing speed.
The above is a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the analysis of chamber safety. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention, and therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is subject to the protection scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. The method for analyzing the safety of the underground chamber based on the multi-source heterogeneous data fusion is characterized in that the safety state of the underground chamber is divided into three types, namely safety, slight accidents and serious accidents, and then index data are processed as follows:
a step g, setting three membership functions aiming at three states, then respectively calculating the membership of each index corresponding to the three states, and taking the calculation result as the three-dimensional prediction data of the current link;
the LSSVM link is used for comprehensively calculating all indexes by using a least square support vector machine model to obtain three-dimensional prediction data corresponding to three states in the current link;
an ELM link, which utilizes an overrun learning machine model to carry out comprehensive calculation on all indexes to obtain three-dimensional prediction data corresponding to three states in the current link;
and the DS link is used for taking the three-dimensional prediction data of the g link, the LSSVM link and the ELM link as an evidence body, and then calculating the evidence body by using a DS evidence fusion model so as to obtain a final chamber state prediction result.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the g link is preceded by an f link, and the f link fuses a plurality of data of the same index by using a weighted average method or a bayesian method.
3. The method for chamber security analysis of claim 1, wherein the DS element further comprises zero processing and weight assignment of the evidence body;
zero processing corrects the zero factor using the maximum value in the evidence body; the evidence body is expressed as
Figure 124783DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
If, if
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Then the evidence body after zero processing is represented as
Figure 386131DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Wherein
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Is a correction factor;
weight assignment first calculates a correlation matrix between evidence bodies, the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure 572393DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure 577389DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
is a correlation matrix; n is the total number of evidence bodies;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
is the first in the correlation matrix
Figure 798286DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
Go to the first
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
Elements of the column, representing evidence bodies
Figure 292852DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
The correlation between them;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
respectively represent the first
Figure 966410DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
A first and a second
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
The standard deviation of the individual's body of evidence,
Figure 571835DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
respectively represent
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
Is first and second
Figure 850501DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
The mean value of the individual evidence bodies,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
indicating a desire;
Figure 656914DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
is calculated as follows
Figure 286609DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
The weights are then determined by a correlation matrix, the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
and finally, updating the evidence body by using the weight, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure 430146DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
is an updated evidence body.
4. The chamber safety analysis method of claim 1, wherein the g-link, the LSSVM-link, and the ELM-link perform index calculations in a parallel manner.
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