CN115563782B - Method for constructing comprehensive digging surface respiratory dust distribution model under influence of multiple factors - Google Patents
Method for constructing comprehensive digging surface respiratory dust distribution model under influence of multiple factors Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for constructing a comprehensive digging surface respiratory dust distribution model under the influence of multiple factors, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine tunneling ventilation. The method comprises the following steps: s1: establishing a comprehensive digging surface geometric model, and carrying out grid division on the comprehensive digging surface geometric model; s2: according to the actual condition of the fully-mechanized coal mining face production space, determining parameters of numerical simulation of the distribution of the respiratory dust of the fully-mechanized coal mining face; s3: adopting a site sampling actual measurement method, and actually measuring the distribution of the respiratory dust of the respiratory belt of the fully-mechanized coal mining face under the influence of the air supply quantity, the air supply distance and the cross-section area; determining the parameter range of each factor affecting the concentration distribution of the respiratory dust of the fully-mechanized coal mining face according to the field condition of the fully-mechanized coal mining face and related standard specifications; s4: comparing the actual measurement of the on-site sampling with the result of numerical simulation, respectively calculating the change coefficients of the air supply quantity, the air supply distance and the cross-section area, which affect the distribution of the respiratory dust of the fully-mechanized coal mining face, and establishing a multi-factor affecting factor model of the respiratory dust distribution of the fully-mechanized coal mining face according to each change coefficient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine tunneling ventilation, and relates to a method for constructing a comprehensive tunneling surface respiratory dust distribution model under the influence of multiple factors.
Background
During the production process of the coal mine, a large amount of dust is generated, the dust is subjected to the comprehensive effects of physical properties, environmental factors and the like, a part of dust with large particle size can be freely settled in a roadway, and the other part of dust with breathing property (the aerodynamic diameter is less than or equal to 7.07 mu m and 5 mu m) can be permanently floated in the air. Once inhaled into the body by coal mine operators, the respiratory dust can be deposited in the lungs of the human body, and excessive respiratory dust is inhaled for a long time, so that the operators can possibly suffer from pneumoconiosis.
As is well known, the main sites for dust generation in coal mines are coal faces and heading faces, and the probability of pneumoconiosis of working personnel on the heading faces is greater than that of coal faces, especially on fully-mechanized face.
In order to reduce the probability of pneumoconiosis of the fully-mechanized coal mining face operators as much as possible, a plurality of students at home and abroad study the distribution rule of the total dust of the fully-mechanized coal mining face, and more results are obtained. YIngchao Wang et al studied the distribution rule of dust particles on the fully-mechanized excavation face under the action of complex air flow; michael Stovern et al simulated the dust distribution law of the heading face, and found that topography and wind speed were the main factors controlling dust deposition. Xiaoyan et al combine the gas-solid two-phase flow theory, simulate and analyze the influence of single parameter regulation and control of mixed ventilation on dust distribution rules; fan Geng et al studied the distribution of dust in fully-mechanized face roadways with and without air curtain systems by simulating dust movement by the euler-lagrangian method.
Through the comparison of domestic and foreign documents, the research on the distribution rule of the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized excavation face is still lacking. Meanwhile, only the total dust distribution rule of a specific fully-mechanized coal mining face under the determination of the air supply quantity, the air supply distance, the cross-section area and other factors is studied at present. However, the factors such as the air supply quantity, the air supply distance and the cross-sectional area of different coal mine fully-mechanized coal faces are different, and the on-site multifactor can influence the distribution rule of the respiratory dust of the fully-mechanized coal faces.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for constructing a comprehensive digging face respiratory dust distribution model under the influence of multiple factors, which adopts a method combining numerical simulation and on-site actual measurement comparison to study the on-site multiple factors such as air supply quantity, air supply distance, cross section area and the like to influence the distribution rule of comprehensive digging face respiratory dust, so as to form a general mathematical model with the multiple factors to influence comprehensive digging face respiratory dust, lay a technical foundation for comprehensive digging flour dust prevention and pneumoconiosis early warning and provide data support.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the method for constructing the respiratory dust distribution model of the fully-mechanized coal mining face under the influence of multiple factors specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: establishing a comprehensive digging surface geometric model, and carrying out grid division on the comprehensive digging surface geometric model;
s2: according to the actual condition of the fully-mechanized coal mining face production space, determining parameters of numerical simulation of the distribution of the respiratory dust of the fully-mechanized coal mining face;
s3: adopting a site sampling actual measurement method, and actually measuring the distribution of the respiratory dust of the respiratory belt of the fully-mechanized coal mining face under the influence of the air supply quantity, the air supply distance and the cross-section area; the parameter ranges of factors such as the air supply quantity, the air supply distance, the cross-section area and the like which influence the concentration distribution of the respiratory dust of the fully-mechanized coal mining face are determined according to the field condition of the fully-mechanized coal mining face and related standard specifications;
s4: comparing the results of the actual measurement of the site sampling and the numerical simulation, and respectively calculating the change coefficients of the air supply quantity, the air supply distance and the change coefficients of the cross-section area, which influence the distribution of the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining faceAnd->And establishing a comprehensive digging face respiratory dust distribution multi-factor influence factor model according to each change coefficient.
Further, in step S2, parameters of the comprehensive face respiratory dust distribution numerical simulation are determined, including: calculating a model, discrete phase parameters, boundary conditions and dust source parameters; the calculation model comprises a solver, a turbulence model, an energy equation and a discrete model; the discrete phase parameters comprise a calculation step number, a time step length and a resistance characteristic; the boundary conditions include an inlet boundary type, an outlet boundary type, a wall DPM condition and a wall shear condition; the dust source parameters include inlet boundary type, material, particle size distribution, minimum particle, maximum particle, distribution index, and mass flow rate.
Further, in step S4, a change coefficient of the air supply amount affecting the distribution of the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face is calculatedThe expression is:
wherein Q is f Is the air quantity of the air supply,is the change coefficient of the air supply quantity affecting the distribution of the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face.
Further, in step S4, a change coefficient of the air supply distance affecting the distribution of the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face is calculatedThe expression is:
wherein Q is l Is the air supply distance, the air supply device is provided with an air supply device,is the change coefficient of the air supply distance affecting the distribution of the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face.
Further, in step S4, a change coefficient of the air supply distance affecting the distribution of the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face is calculatedThe expression is:
wherein S is c Is the cross-sectional area of the material,is the change coefficient of the respiratory dust distribution of the fully-mechanized coal mining face affected by the cross-sectional area.
Further, in step S4, a comprehensive digging face respiratory dust distribution multi-factor influence factor model is built, and the expression is:
wherein p is zm Is a multi-factor influencing factor for the distribution of respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts a method combining numerical simulation and on-site actual measurement contrast to study the law of on-site multifactor influencing the distribution of respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face, such as air supply quantity, air supply distance, cross-section area and the like, so as to form a universal mathematical model of multifactor influencing the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face, lay a technical foundation for fully-mechanized coal mining flour dust prevention and control and pneumoconiosis early warning and provide data support.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the specification.
Drawings
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in the following preferred detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a numerical simulation geometry model of a fully-mechanized coal mining face;
FIG. 2 is a grid division diagram of a fully-mechanized coal mining face geometry model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a station arrangement;
FIG. 4 shows the distribution of respiratory dust in a 1.5m respiratory zone from the base plate at different air supply rates;
FIG. 5 is a graph of laboratory site measured and numerical simulation comparison data of the air supply volume affecting the distribution of respiratory dust;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the distribution of respiratory dust from a 1.5m respiratory belt from a base plate at different air supply distances;
FIG. 7 is a graph of laboratory field measured and numerical simulation comparison data of supply distance influencing respiratory dust distribution;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the distribution of respiratory dust from a 1.5m respiratory belt of a base plate at different cross-sectional areas;
fig. 9 is a graph of laboratory field measured and numerical simulation comparison data of cross-sectional area influencing respiratory dust distribution.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic idea of the present invention by way of illustration, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are shown in schematic, non-physical, and not intended to limit the invention; for the purpose of better illustrating embodiments of the invention, certain elements of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced and do not represent the size of the actual product; it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numbers in the drawings of embodiments of the invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that, if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., that indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on the azimuth or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but not for indicating or suggesting that the referred device or element must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, so that the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are merely for exemplary illustration and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that the specific meaning of the above terms may be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, the present embodiment provides a method for constructing a comprehensive face respiratory dust distribution model under the influence of multiple factors, firstly, according to the comprehensive face industrial site, a comprehensive face geometry and grid model is established, simulation parameters are set, and preparation is made for numerical simulation of comprehensive face respiratory dust distribution. Then, a 1:1 adjustable parameter fully-mechanized coal mining face laboratory is established according to the fully-mechanized coal mining face industrial field, and laboratory test instruments, systems and the like are prepared. And (3) selecting parameters and ranges such as air supply quantity, air supply distance and cross-sectional area, and comparing the results of laboratory tests and numerical simulation of the comprehensive digging surface with the adjustable parameters to obtain a distribution rule and a mathematical model of the respiratory dust affecting the comprehensive digging surface such as the air supply quantity, the air supply distance and the cross-sectional area. Based on the method, a mathematical model of the respiratory dust distribution of the fully-mechanized coal mining face, which is influenced by multiple factors, is established according to the rule of the respiratory dust distribution of the fully-mechanized coal mining face, which is influenced by the three factors.
1. Basic characteristics of fully-mechanized mining face in industrial site
Through investigation, the embodiment selects the fully-mechanized coal mining surface 2502 of the Henan New bridge coal mine with common characteristics as an industrial field. The parameters of the fully-mechanized coal mining face are as follows: coal roadway; the width of the section is 5m, and the height is 3m; press-in type air supply quantity 400m 3 The humidity is more than or equal to 75 percent RH per minute; production equipment: 1 table of the fully-mechanized coal mining machine (length 9m, width 2.2m, height 1.5 m) and a conveying belt; and (3) dustproof measures: spraying inside and outside the heading machine; the wet dust collector 1 is arranged on the heading machine, is dustproof, is provided with a water curtain and has no axial dust control; the total dust concentration at the head-on position during production is about 813mg/m 3 。
Common features of such fully-mechanized coal mining faces: the long-pressure short-pumping type air supply dust removing, coal roadway and wet dust remover are adopted.
2. Comprehensive digging face respiratory dust distribution numerical simulation foundation
The industrial site of this example was a fully-mechanized face of a new bridge coal mine 2502, which was used as a prototype for basic preparation of numerical simulation of the distribution of respiratory dust.
(1) Establishing a geometric model of a fully-mechanized coal mining face
The cross section of the fully-mechanized coal mining face roadway is simulated into a cuboid with the clear width of 5m and the clear height of 3m, and the influence on the roadway wind flow and dust distribution after a dust remover and a wall-attached air duct are simulated, wherein the dust remover is 9m long, 2.2m wide and 1.5m high according to an industrial field, and the outlet position of the dust remover is 22m away from the head-on. The right wall of the fully-mechanized coal mining face roadway is suspended with a negative pressure air duct, the diameter of the air duct is 0.6m, the height from the axis of the air duct to the roadway bottom plate is 2.5m, and the distance from an air outlet to the head is 5m. The geometric model of the fully-mechanized coal mining face is built as shown in fig. 1.
(2) Grid division of fully-mechanized coal mining face geometric model
In this embodiment, the SCDM is used to divide the mesh, and the mesh quality number is calculated to be about 130 ten thousand, and the mesh quality is 0.2. The meshing of the fully-mechanized coal face geometry model is shown in fig. 2.
(3) Numerical simulation parameter for distribution of respiratory dust of fully-mechanized coal mining face
Sampling by using a dust sampler during on-site production of the fully-mechanized coal mining face, and carrying out particle size analysis by using a balance weighing and particle size distribution measuring instrument to obtain that the mass flow rate of dust produced by the fully-mechanized coal mining face production is 0.018kg/s (consistent with that during production of a new bridge 2502 fully-mechanized coal mining face); the minimum particle size of the dust was 0.1 μm, the maximum particle size was 400 μm, and the median particle size was 40 μm. According to the actual conditions of the production space of the fully-mechanized coal mining face, parameters of numerical simulation are determined as shown in tables 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Table 1 calculation model settings
TABLE 2 discrete phase parameter settings
TABLE 3 boundary condition settings
TABLE 4 dust Source parameter set
3. Comprehensive digging surface laboratory site and actual measurement preparation
(1) Comprehensive digging surface laboratory site
The development of a large number of field actual measurement contrast tests on the industrial field of the fully-mechanized coal mining face greatly influences the production of operators, so that a 1:1 ratio adjustable parameter fully-mechanized coal mining simulation test analysis system is established as a laboratory field by taking the fully-mechanized coal mining face of the new bridge 2502 as a prototype.
The cross section size of the fully-mechanized coal mining face of domestic coal mines is studied, and the cross section height and width of the system are set: the height is 2.5-5 m, and the width is 3-5 m. Parameters of the built adjustable parameter comprehensive digging simulation test analysis system are as follows: the section area of the tunnel is 7.5-25 m 2 Is adjustable; simulating a heading machine: the length is 9m, the width is 2-3.6 m and the height is 1.3-1.8 m; wet dust collector 1; maximum push-in power supply capability: 1500m3/min (air volume is adjustable); simulating the dust production concentration: 0-1300 mg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Air supply distance: 5-25 m is adjustable.
(2) Comprehensive digging surface laboratory field actual measurement preparation
1) Test dust
Larger coal blocks are recovered from the new bridge coal mine 2502 fully-mechanized coal mining face industrial site, the larger coal blocks are initially crushed by using a crusher, then the larger coal blocks are placed into a grinding machine for fine grinding, and grinding dust is separated by using a vibrating screen. The median particle size of the finally obtained dust is approximately 40 mu m with the median particle size of the dust produced by 2502 comprehensive digging face industrial site head-on dust through multiple grinding and screening.
2) Test instrument
Respiratory dust sampler: CCZ20 respiratory dust sampler, sampling flow is adjustable by 5-30L/min, relative error: 5%, load capacity: and more than or equal to 1000Pa.
Analytical weighing balance: ten parts per million balance, measuring range: 120g/42g, resolution: 0.1mg/0.01mg.
3) Test system
And adjusting the parameters to be the same as the numerical simulation by using the established adjustable parameter comprehensive digging simulation test analysis system. The humidifier is used for controlling the air humidity, so that the humidity in the comprehensive digging simulation test analysis system is about 75% RH and is similar to the comprehensive digging surface of the new bridge coal mine 2502.
4) Station arrangement
Because the respiratory dust distribution position with the greatest damage to the human body is in the pedestrian area, the embodiment mainly researches the respiratory dust distribution rule of the pedestrian area, the measuring points need to be arranged in the area with the most repeated human movement track, and the distribution situation of the respiratory dust concentration in the pedestrian area is temporarily unclear, the boundary between the head-on section and the coal wall of the pedestrian area in fig. 3 is taken as the origin of coordinates, the direction from the head-on direction to the rear end of the roadway along the axial direction is set as the x direction, and the pedestrian area pointing direction of the roadway section is pressed into the air duct as the y direction. When y=0.2m, 1-50 m of the x direction is averagely provided with one sampling actual measurement point per 1m, the number is 1-50, and the total number is 50; when y=1.5m, the x direction is the same as the x direction, and the numbers 51-100 are averagely arranged, and the total number of the measurement points is 50; when y=2.5m, the x direction is the same as above, and the numbers 101 to 150 are averagely arranged, and the total number of the measurement points is 50. A total of 150 stations, each at the level of the breathing zone at a pedestrian area z=1.5m from the floor, are shown in fig. 3 as a station layout.
5) Sampling actual measurement method and step
According to the measuring point arrangement scheme of fig. 3, based on a filter membrane sampling method (international standard method), a CCZ20 respiratory dust sampler is used, a test system of fig. 3 is started, and the respiratory dust distribution of the respiratory belt of the fully-mechanized mining face is actually measured, and the steps are as follows:
a. placing the clean filter membrane in an oven with the temperature of (25+/-5) ℃ for 24 hours of constant temperature treatment, and testing for later use;
b. selecting a clean filter membrane and weighing the filter membrane by using an analytical balance of one ten thousandth;
c. placing the filter membrane in a respiratory dust sampler;
d. the sampling ports of the respiratory dust sampler are all kept at the height of a respiratory belt and are arranged at the 1 st measuring point;
e. starting an air supply fan and a dust remover, adjusting the air supply quantity and the air quantity of the dust remover to be 0.8 times of the air supply quantity, controlling dust in a non-axial direction, and starting inner and outer spraying and dust-proof water mist of the development machine;
f. after the air flow in the tunnel is stable, starting a dust generator, wherein the dust concentration is similar to that of the new bridge coal mine 2502 when the fully-mechanized coal mining face is produced, and the dust concentration is about 813mg/m 3 ；
g. After the dust-proof mask is stabilized for a period of time, a tester with the dust-proof mask enters a roadway to start a respiratory dust sampler for sampling respiratory dust;
h. after a period of time, the sampling is finished, and the test personnel take the sampler out of the roadway;
i. taking out the sampled filter membrane gently by using tweezers, drying, placing the filter membrane in a ten-thousandth balance to weigh the filter membrane for weight increase, and obtaining the concentration of the respiratory dust of the measuring point 1 through conversion;
j. repeating a-d and g-i to finish the measurement of the concentration of the respiratory dust at other 149 points, wherein each measuring point needs to be repeatedly measured for at least 10 times, invalid measuring values are removed, and a measuring average value is obtained;
k. and after the test is finished, sequentially closing equipment in test tunnels such as a dust generator, an air supply fan, a dust remover and the like, and returning test materials for reuse.
4. Parameter range selection of comprehensive digging surface respiratory dust distribution influencing factors
According to the previous discussion, the air supply quantity, the air supply distance and the cross-sectional area affect the concentration distribution of the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face, and the parameter ranges of three factors are required to be determined according to the domestic fully-mechanized coal mining face site conditions and the national relevant standard specifications.
Because the air supply quantity of the fully-mechanized coal mining face of the new bridge 2502 is 400m 3 In the method, the air supply quantity of the domestic fully-mechanized coal mining face is studied per minute, extreme conditions are removed, and the air supply quantity range of the embodiment is determined to be 300-500 m 3 /min。
According to the coal mine safety regulations, in order to ensure that the wet dust collector achieves the optimal dust collection efficiency and does not influence the safe production, the air supply distance is 5-25 m through calculation and on-site actual measurement.
The condition of the cross-sectional area of the fully-mechanized coal mining face in China is investigated, and the cross-sectional area of the fully-mechanized coal mining face of the new bridge 2502 is 15m 2 Then a smaller cross-sectional area of 13.5m is selected 2 And more commonly 18m 2 、20m 2 、22.5m 2 。
5. The air supply quantity influences the rule of the distribution of the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized excavation face
Numerical simulation and on-site sampling actual measurement preparation of comprehensive digging face respiratory dust distribution research are completed, and parameter ranges of factors such as air supply quantity, air supply distance, section area and the like are determined. The study of the respiratory distribution influencing factors and distribution rules of the fully-mechanized coal mining face is carried out.
The breathing zone refers to the part of the air that is directly utilized by the person to breathe, i.e. the air in the space around the mouth and nose. Contaminants in this portion of the air are of interest and monitoring because they have a direct impact on human health. Because of inconsistent heights of operators, the positions of the breathing belts of each person are different, and the breathing belts are averagely contracted to be a horizontal position which is 1.5m higher than the ground in the domestic coal mine industry. Therefore, the point of interest in the respiratory dust distribution of the present embodiment is the respiratory dust distribution at the respiratory belt level.
(1) Numerical simulation of influence of air supply quantity on respiratory dust distribution
The air supply quantity is respectively set to 300m 3 /min、350m 3 /min、400m 3 /min、450m 3 /min、500m 3 And/min, wherein the jet outlet of the air supply wind barrel is 5m away from the head-on air supply distance, and the section of a roadway is: 4.5m wide and 3m high. Other conditions are consistent with the new bridge 2502 fully-mechanized face site: the air suction quantity of the dust remover is 0.8 times of the air supply quantity. Based on the parameters, according to the step 2, the distribution condition of the respiratory dust of the fully-mechanized excavating face is simulated numerically.
As shown in FIG. 4, the distribution of the respiratory dust in the respiratory belt horizontal plane is 1.5m from the bottom plate, and the air supply quantity is 300m from top to bottom 3 /min、350m 3 /min、400m 3 /min、450m 3 /min、500m 3 /min。
Analyzing fig. 4, the influence rule of the air supply quantity on the respiratory dust distribution of the fully-mechanized coal mining face can be obtained:
1) The concentration of the respiratory dust in the fully-mechanized coal mining face pedestrian area is gradually increased along with the increase of the air supply quantity;
2) When the air supply quantity is 300m 3 Increase/min to 350m 3 At the time of/min, the respiratory dust increase speed of the fully-mechanized coal mining face pedestrian area is relatively slow; while the air supply quantity is 350m 3 The/min is increased to 500m 3 At/min, the respiratory dust in the pedestrian area increases more rapidly.
(2) Actual measurement contrast analysis of influence of air supply quantity on respiratory dust distribution
And (3) completing research on influence of the air supply quantity on the distribution of the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face based on a numerical simulation method, and obtaining an influence rule of the influence. Based on the rule, the correctness of the rule is analyzed and verified by a field actual measurement method.
According to the step 2, the air supply quantity of the adjustable parameter comprehensive digging simulation test analysis system is respectively 300m 3 /min、350m 3 /min、400m 3 /min、450m 3 /min、500m 3 And/min, respectively sampling and actually measuring the concentration of the respiratory dust at the No. 1-150 measuring points under different air supply volumes according to FIG. 3.
After actual measurement, the data are arranged, and the influence rule of the numerically-simulated air supply quantity on the respiratory dust distribution of the fully-mechanized coal mining face is verified.
Selecting measuring points 51-100 in the middle of a pedestrian area to supply 300m of air quantity 3 /min、350m 3 /min、400m 3 /min、450m 3 /min、500m 3 Comparing the data of the concentration of the respiratory dust at/min with the numerical simulation result, verifying the influence rule of the air supply quantity on the distribution of the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face by 300m 3 /min and 500m 3 The data for/min is representative, as shown in FIG. 5.
The comparison shows that: the concentration of the respiratory dust in the fully-mechanized coal mining face pedestrian area is gradually increased along with the increase of the air supply quantity; when the air supply quantity is 300m 3 Increase/min to 350m 3 At the time of/min, the increasing speed of the respiratory dust in the pedestrian area is about 1-3 percent; when the air supply quantity is 350m 3 The/min is increased to 500m 3 At/min, the respiratory dust increase rate of the pedestrian area is about 3-7%. Thus, the actual measurement rule is verified to be consistent with the numerical simulation.
(3) Model for influencing respiratory dust distribution by air supply quantity
The actual measurement proves that the influence rule of the air supply quantity on the respiratory dust distribution of the fully-mechanized coal mining face needs to be further analyzed, and a mathematical model of the air supply quantity affecting the respiratory dust distribution of the pedestrian area is established. And based on the actual measurement data of the respiratory dust concentration of different air supply volumes, searching a mathematical relationship between the respiratory dust concentration change characteristics and the air supply volume based on a mathematical regression analysis theory, and establishing a related model as shown in a formula (1).
In which Q f Is the air quantity of the air supply,is the change coefficient of the air supply quantity affecting the distribution of the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face.
6. The air supply distance influences the distribution rule of the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face
(1) Numerical simulation of air supply distance influencing respiratory dust distribution
In the same way as in the step 5, the change characteristic of the concentration distribution of the respiratory dust on the respiratory belt level of the fully-mechanized coal mining face is still focused.
The optimal dust removal efficiency can be ensured only when the air supply distance is within a certain range, according to the actual condition of 2502 comprehensive digging surfaces, the distances between the jet flow outlet of the air supply air cylinder and the head-on section are 5m, 10m, 15m, 20m and 25m respectively, and the geometric model of the comprehensive digging surface in the step 2 and the repartitioning grid are established again respectively; the section of the tunnel is 4.5m wide and 3m high, and the air supply quantity is 500m 3 And/min, the air suction rate of the dust remover is 0.8 times of the air supply rate, and other parameters are consistent with the field of the fully-mechanized coal mining face of the new bridge 2502. Based on the modification and the parameter setting, the distribution condition of the respiratory dust of the fully-mechanized coal mining face is simulated numerically.
In fig. 6, the distribution of the respiratory dust is 1.5m from the bottom plate to the respiratory belt level, and the air supply distances are 5m, 10m, 15m, 20m and 25m from top to bottom.
Analyzing fig. 6, the rule of influence of the air supply distance on the distribution of the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face can be obtained:
1) The concentration of the respiratory dust in the fully-mechanized coal mining face pedestrian area gradually decreases along with the increase of the air supply distance;
2) When the air supply distance is increased from 5m to 10m, the reduction speed of the respiratory dust concentration in the pedestrian area is smaller; when the air supply distance is increased from 10m to 25m, the reduction speed of the respiratory dust concentration in the pedestrian area is larger.
(2) The distance of the air supply influences the actual measurement and comparison analysis of the distribution of the respiratory dust.
And analyzing and verifying by a field actual measurement method. The test dust, the test instrument, the test point arrangement and the simulation test step are the same as those in the previous section.
According to the step 2, the parameters are set to be the same as the numerical simulation by using the established adjustable parameter comprehensive digging simulation test analysis system. The humidity of the air is controlled by a humidifier, so that the humidity in the adjustable parameter comprehensive simulation test analysis system is about 75% RH. And adjusting the air supply distances analyzed by the fully-mechanized coal mining simulation test to be 5m, 10m, 15m, 20m and 25m respectively, and then carrying out a respiratory dust filter membrane sampling weight gain actual measurement comparison test.
After actual measurement, the data are arranged, and the influence rule of the air supply distance of numerical simulation on the respiratory dust distribution of the fully-mechanized coal mining face is verified.
And selecting the breathing dust concentration data of the measuring points 51-100 in the middle part of the pedestrian area at the air supply distances of 5m, 10m, 15m, 20m and 25m, comparing with the numerical simulation result, and verifying the influence rule of the air supply distances on the breathing dust distribution of the comprehensive digging surface, wherein the influence rule is represented by the data of 5m and 25m, as shown in fig. 7.
The comparison shows that: the concentration of the respiratory dust in the fully-mechanized coal mining face is gradually reduced along with the increase of the air supply distance; when the air supply distance is increased from 5m to 10m, the reduction speed of the concentration of the respiratory dust is about 5-6%; when the air supply distance is increased from 10m to 25m, the reduction speed of the concentration of the respiratory dust is about 6-9%. Thus, the actual measurement rule is verified to be consistent with the numerical simulation.
(3) Model for influencing respiratory dust distribution by air supply distance
The actual measurement proves that the influence rule of the air supply distance on the respiratory dust distribution of the fully-mechanized coal mining face needs to be further analyzed, and a mathematical model of the influence of the air supply distance on the respiratory dust distribution of the pedestrian area is established. And based on the measured data of the concentration of the respiratory dust at different air supply distances, searching a mathematical relationship between the change characteristics of the concentration of the respiratory dust and the air supply distance based on a mathematical regression analysis theory, and establishing a related model as shown in a formula (2).
In which Q l Is the air supply distance, the air supply device is provided with an air supply device,is the change coefficient of the air supply distance affecting the distribution of the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face.
7. The cross-sectional area influences the distribution rule of comprehensive digging respiratory dust
In the same way as in the step 5, the change characteristic of the concentration distribution of the respiratory dust on the respiratory belt level of the fully-mechanized coal mining face is still focused.
(1) Numerical simulation of the influence of the cross-sectional area on the respiratory dust distribution
According to step 4, the cross-sectional areas are 13.5m respectively 2 (width 4.5m, height 3 m), 15m 2 (width 5m, height 3 m), 18m 2 (width 4.5m, height 4 m), 20m 2 (width 5m, height 4 m), 22.5m 2 (width 5m, height 4.5 m), re-establishing the geometric model of the fully-mechanized coal mining face and re-dividing grids in the step 2 respectively, wherein the air supply quantity is 500m 3 And/min, wherein the jet flow outlet of the air supply wind barrel is 5m from the air supply distance at the head-on position, the air suction amount of the dust remover is 0.8 times of the air supply amount, and other parameters are consistent with the field of the fully-mechanized coal mining face of the new bridge 2502. Based on the modification and the parameter setting, the distribution condition of the respiratory dust of the fully-mechanized coal mining face is simulated numerically.
As shown in FIG. 8, the distribution of the respiratory dust is 1.5m from the bottom plate to the respiratory belt level, and the cross-sectional area is 13.5m from top to bottom 2 、15m 2 、18m 2 、20m 2 、22.5m 2 。
Analysis of fig. 8 can obtain the law of influence of the cross-sectional area on the distribution of respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face:
1) The concentration of the respiratory dust in the fully-mechanized coal mining face pedestrian area gradually decreases along with the increase of the cross-sectional area;
2) When the cross-sectional area is from 13.5m 2 To 18m 2 When the concentration of the respiratory dust in the pedestrian area is reduced at a low speed; when the cross-sectional area is from 18m 2 To 22.5m 2 In this case, the reduction rate of the concentration of the respiratory dust in the pedestrian area is high.
(2) Actually measured contrast analysis of influence of cross-sectional area on respiratory dust distribution
According to the step 2, the parameters are set to be the same as the numerical simulation by using the established adjustable parameter comprehensive digging simulation test analysis system. The humidity of the air was controlled using a humidifier so that the humidity in the comprehensive simulation test analysis system was about 75% rh. The cross-sectional areas analyzed by the fully-mechanized excavation simulation test are respectively adjusted to be 13.5m 2 、15m 2 、18m 2 、20m 2 、22.5m 2 And then carrying out a respiratory dust filter membrane sampling weight gain actual measurement comparison test.
After actual measurement, the data are arranged, and the influence rule of the cross-sectional area of numerical simulation on the respiratory dust distribution of the fully-mechanized coal mining face is verified.
Selecting measuring points 51-100 in the middle of the pedestrian area to be 13.5m in cross section 2 、15m 2 、18m 2 、20m 2 、22.5m 2 The respiration dust concentration data is compared with the numerical simulation result, and the influence rule of the air supply distance on the respiration dust distribution of the fully-mechanized coal mining face is verified to be 13.5m 2 And 22.5m 2 As represented by the data in fig. 9.
The comparison shows that: the concentration of the respiratory dust in the fully-mechanized coal mining face pedestrian area gradually decreases along with the increase of the cross-sectional area; when the cross-sectional area is from 13.5m 2 To 18m 2 When the concentration of the respiratory dust in the pedestrian area is reduced by about 2-4 percent; when the cross-sectional area is from 18m 2 Up to 22.5m 2 At the time, the respiratory dust concentration in the pedestrian area decreases at a rateAbout 5 to 7%. Thus, the actual measurement rule is verified to be consistent with the numerical simulation.
(3) Model with cross-sectional area influencing respiratory dust distribution
The actual measurement proves that the influence rule of the area of the section on the respiratory dust distribution of the fully-mechanized coal mining face needs to be further analyzed, and a mathematical model of the area of the section on the respiratory dust distribution of the pedestrian area is established. And based on the measured data of the concentration of the respiratory dust in different cross-sectional areas, searching the mathematical relationship between the change characteristics of the concentration of the respiratory dust and the cross-sectional areas based on the mathematical regression analysis theory, and establishing a related model as shown in the formula (3).
Wherein S is c Is the cross-sectional area of the material,is the change coefficient of the respiratory dust distribution of the fully-mechanized coal mining face affected by the cross-sectional area.
8. Comprehensive digging surface respiratory dust distribution multi-factor influence law and model
Through numerical simulation and field actual measurement, the rules of the distribution of the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face, which are affected by a plurality of factors such as air supply quantity, air supply distance, section area and the like, are obtained by comprehensively analyzing the figures 4, 6 and 8, and are summarized as follows:
1) When the air supply distance, the cross-sectional area and the dust production concentration are determined, the wind speed at the head-on position is increased along with the increase of the air supply quantity, the total quantity of the respiratory dust load transferred to the pedestrian area on the air supply flow is increased, and the respiratory dust concentration of the pedestrian area of the fully-mechanized coal face is gradually increased along with the increase of the wind supply quantity, and the increase speed is about 1-7%.
2) When the air supply quantity, the cross-sectional area and the dust production concentration are determined, the air speed at the head-on position is reduced along with the increase of the air supply distance, the residence time of the respiratory dust in the head-on area is prolonged, the probability that the respiratory dust is sucked and removed by a dust remover is increased, the respiratory dust concentration in the fully-mechanized coal face pedestrian area is also gradually reduced along with the dust removal, and the reduction speed is about 5-9%.
3) When the air supply quantity, the air supply distance and the dust production concentration are determined, the three-dimensional space of the fully-mechanized coal mining face is increased along with the increase of the cross-sectional area, the wind speed at the head-on position is reduced, the probability that the respiratory dust is removed by the dust remover is increased, and the respiratory dust concentration in the pedestrian area of the fully-mechanized coal mining face is gradually reduced along with the dust remover, and the reduction speed is about 2-7%.
Through the researches of the steps 5, 6 and 7, models of the influence of the air supply quantity, the air supply distance and the cross section area on the distribution of the respiratory dust are established, such as the formula (1), the formula (2) and the formula (3). With an air supply volume of 500m 3 Per min, air supply distance 5m, cross-sectional area 13.5m 2 The concentration distribution of the formed respiratory dust is taken as a standard value 1, and the regression is performed based on the change of the concentration distribution of the respiratory dust caused by the air supply quantity, the air supply distance and the cross-sectional area. Therefore, according to the multiple regression theory, the established multi-factor influence factor model is shown as formula (4).
Wherein p is zm Is a multi-factor influencing factor for the distribution of respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face.
9. Summary
The invention researches the distribution rule of the respiratory dust of the fully-mechanized coal mining face, which is affected by on-site multifactor such as the air supply quantity, the air supply distance, the cross-section area and the like, and forms a general mathematical model of the respiratory dust of the fully-mechanized coal mining face, which is affected by multifactor. The following conclusions were formed:
(1) When the rest conditions are unchanged, the concentration of the respiratory dust in the pedestrian area of the fully-mechanized coal mining face roadway is in direct proportion to the air supply quantity, in inverse proportion to the air supply distance and in inverse proportion to the cross section area;
(2) With an air supply volume of 500m 3 And taking the concentration distribution of the respiratory dust formed by the air supply distance 5m and the cross section area 13.5m < 2 > as a standard value 1, and establishing a mathematical model for the respiratory dust distribution of the fully-mechanized coal mining face by using the air supply quantity, the air supply distance and the cross section area.
Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The method for constructing the respiratory dust distribution model of the fully-mechanized coal mining face under the influence of multiple factors is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: establishing a comprehensive digging surface geometric model, and carrying out grid division on the comprehensive digging surface geometric model;
s2: according to the actual condition of the fully-mechanized coal mining face production space, determining parameters of numerical simulation of the distribution of the respiratory dust of the fully-mechanized coal mining face;
s3: adopting a site sampling actual measurement method, and actually measuring the distribution of the respiratory dust of the respiratory belt of the fully-mechanized coal mining face under the influence of the air supply quantity, the air supply distance and the cross-section area; the parameter ranges of the air supply quantity, the air supply distance and the cross section area which influence the concentration distribution of the respiratory dust of the fully-mechanized coal mining face are determined according to the field condition of the fully-mechanized coal mining face and related standard specifications;
s4: comparing the results of actual measurement of the site sampling and numerical simulation, and respectively calculating the change coefficient k of the air supply quantity, the air supply distance and the change coefficient k of the cross-section area affecting the distribution of the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face Qf 、k Ql And k Sc Establishing a comprehensive digging face respiratory dust distribution multi-factor influence factor model according to each change coefficient;
calculating a change coefficient k of the air supply quantity affecting the distribution of the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face Qf The expression is:
k Qf ＝0.3603ln(Q f )-1.2563
wherein Q is f Is the air supply quantity k Qf Is the change coefficient of the air supply quantity affecting the distribution of the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face;
calculating a change coefficient k of the air supply distance affecting the distribution of respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face Ql The expression is:
k Ql ＝-0.0003Q l 2 -0.0048Q l +1.0292
wherein Q is l Is the air supply distance k Ql Is the change coefficient of the air supply distance affecting the distribution of the respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face;
calculating change coefficient k of respiratory dust distribution of fully-mechanized coal mining face affected by cross-sectional area Sc The expression is:
k Sc ＝0.0001S c 4 -0.0071S c 3 +0.1869S c 2 -2.1607S c +10.285
wherein S is c Is the cross-sectional area, k Sc Is the change coefficient of the respiratory dust distribution of the fully-mechanized coal mining face affected by the cross-sectional area;
according to a multiple regression theory, a comprehensive digging face respiratory dust distribution multi-factor influence factor model is established, and the expression is:
p zm ＝k Qf *k Ql *k Sc
wherein p is zm Is a multi-factor influencing factor for the distribution of respiratory dust on the fully-mechanized coal mining face.
2. The method for constructing a comprehensive face respiratory dust distribution model under the influence of multiple factors according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, determining parameters of comprehensive face respiratory dust distribution numerical simulation includes: calculating a model, discrete phase parameters, boundary conditions and dust source parameters; the calculation model comprises a solver, a turbulence model, an energy equation and a discrete model; the discrete phase parameters comprise a calculation step number, a time step length and a resistance characteristic; the boundary conditions include an inlet boundary type, an outlet boundary type, a wall DPM condition and a wall shear condition; the dust source parameters include inlet boundary type, material, particle size distribution, minimum particle, maximum particle, distribution index, and mass flow rate.
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