CN115558633B - Method for rapidly culturing organoids by using micro-matrix rubber balls - Google Patents
Method for rapidly culturing organoids by using micro-matrix rubber balls Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N5/00—Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
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- C12N5/0697—Artificial constructs associating cells of different lineages, e.g. tissue equivalents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2531/00—Microcarriers
Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of cell biology, and particularly relates to a method for rapidly culturing organoids by using micro-matrix rubber balls. Adding mineral oil at the top of a cell culture medium, and enabling the mineral oil to cover the cell culture medium to prepare a liquid-oil culture system; then fully and uniformly mixing the cells and matrigel to prepare a cell suspension; and injecting the cell suspension into a mineral oil layer of a liquid-oil culture system by using a micro injection tool, and discharging the cells mixed with the matrigel from the micro injection tool to form micro matrigel droplets, wherein the micro matrigel droplets form micro matrigel balls in the mineral oil again and pass through the mineral oil layer to suspend in a cell culture medium, so that the organoid is rapidly cultured.
Description
The present application claims priority to a "method of semi-suspension culture of amplified organoids" from chinese patent application No. [ CN202210690524.2 ] filed on month 17 of 2022, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of cell biology, and particularly relates to a method for rapidly culturing organoids by using micro-matrix rubber balls.
Background
Organoids refer to a three-dimensional culture of pluripotent, adult, or tumor cells in 3D culture in vitro, resulting in tissue structures and physiological structures similar to those of the tissue from which they were derived. At present, organoids have been widely used in the fields of life medicine science such as biological development, drug development and screening, toxicity testing, tumor research, disease model construction, and the like.
The organoid is derived from normal tissues or tumor tissues of human body, however, when the number of cells from the source is too small (such as clinical puncture samples) or the cell quality is unstable, the organoid is often caused to have long culture period, and the cultured organoid has small volume, so that the development and application of the organoid technology in rapid diagnosis, treatment evaluation and personalized accurate treatment are limited. Therefore, the realization of the in vitro rapid amplification culture of the organoids greatly expands the application scenes of the organoids in the medical field, including the application scenes of disease modeling, drug screening, personalized drug testing and the like.
The traditional organoid culture method is to mix organoids with matrigel, implant the organoids in a cell culture dish, and cover organoid culture medium on the upper layer of the culture dish after the matrigel is solidified. Matrigel is used as a support for the growth of organoids, the organoids are embedded in the matrigel, and nutrient components in the culture medium/culture solution slowly permeate into the organoids in the matrigel through the porous structure of the matrigel. In this culture mode, the organoids are embedded in matrigel as a scaffold for organoid growth, and nutrient components in the culture solution slowly permeate into the matrigel through the matrigel porous structure. The rate of organoid growth is limited by the low rate of nutrient and metabolite exchange.
In summary, there is a need for a new organoid culture method to increase organoid uptake of nutrients and metabolite excretion to alleviate the deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present application aims to provide a method for rapidly culturing organoids by using micro-matrigel beads, which has the following specific technical scheme.
A method for rapid organoid culture using micro-matrigel beads, comprising the steps of:
step one: adding mineral oil to the top of a cell culture medium, and enabling the mineral oil to cover the cell culture medium to prepare a liquid-oil culture system;
step two: obtaining cells, mixing the cells with matrigel uniformly to obtain final cell concentration of 1×10 5 ～5×10 5 Cell suspension per ml;
step three: injecting the cell suspension obtained in the second step into the mineral oil layer of the liquid-oil culture system prepared in the first step by using a tiny injection tool, and discharging cells mixed with matrigel from the tiny injection tool to form tiny matrigel droplets, wherein the tiny matrigel droplets form tiny matrigel balls in mineral oil again and pass through the mineral oil layer to reach the cell culture substrate;
step four: and (3) placing the micro matrigel balls into a cell culture substrate of the liquid-oil culture system to be suspended in the cell culture substrate, and culturing in an incubator.
Further, the volume ratio of the cell culture medium to mineral oil of the liquid-oil culture system is 1:1.
further, the volume of the droplets of the micro matrigel discharged from the micro injection tool is 0.3 to 0.5 μl.
Preferably, the volume of the micro matrigel droplets is 0.3 μl, 0.4 μl or 0.5 μl.
Further, the microinjection tool comprises one or more of a microinjector, a microcatheter, and a microfluidic operating instrument.
It will be appreciated that if a microfluidic operating instrument is used, the size of the resulting droplets of the micro matrigel is constant.
Further, the ratio of the cells to the matrigel in the second step is 100 to 500 cells/μl.
Preferably, the cell number contained in the matrigel is 100 cells/μl, 200 cells/μl, 300 cells/μl, 400 cells/μl or 500 cells/μl.
Further, the ratio of cell culture medium of the liquid-oil culture system to the micro-matrigel spheres was 5:1 to 10:1.
preferably, the ratio of cell culture medium of the liquid-oil culture system to the microsphere is 5: 1. 6: 1. 7: 1. 8: 1. 9:1 or 10:1.
further, the cells are derived from normal tissue or tumor cells of the human body, and are digested into single cells.
Further, the culture conditions of the incubator are 30-37 ℃ and 5% CO 2 。
Further, the method of uniformly mixing the cells and the matrigel in the second step comprises full blowing or shaking.
Further, after the culture is put into an incubator for culture in the fourth step, the culture is rocked every 8-12 hours.
The beneficial technical effects are as follows:
according to the method for rapidly culturing organoids by using the micro-matrigel spheres, the matrigel is divided into a plurality of micro matrigel droplets by the cells, and mineral oil is wrapped to form the micro matrigel spheres, so that the contact area of the matrigel and nutrient substances of a cell culture medium is increased compared with the traditional organoid culture method; the small size of the micro matrigel ball can also improve the efficiency of nutrient substances of the culture medium to permeate into the interior and timely discharge cell metabolites. Therefore, the rate at which the encapsulated cells grow into organoids is significantly increased (i.e., the organoids obtained by the culture of the present application have a larger volume during the same culture time as conventional culture methods), and the morphology, differentiation, and success rate of culture of organoids are hardly affected by the culture method of the present application.
The method for rapidly culturing the organoids by utilizing the micro-matrix gel spheres can culture the organoids of tissue source cells of clinical samples with high efficiency, and particularly compared with the traditional organoids culture mode, the organoids growth rate in the same culture time is remarkably improved by using a puncture sample known by micro tissue cells. Furthermore, the method can effectively meet the requirements of disease research, drug screening, drug effect toxicity evaluation and personalized treatment on a large number of organoid samples in a short period.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the drawings in the following description are of some embodiments of the application and that other drawings may be derived from these drawings without inventive faculty.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a micro-matrigel ball based rapid expansion culture organoid;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the comparison of the volume of organoids cultured in the same time period by the conventional culture method and the micro-matrigel ball culture method of the present application (scale: 20 μm);
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a comparison of the volumes of oesophageal organoids cultured by the conventional method and by the microsphere-based method (scale: 50 μm);
FIG. 4 is a graph showing a comparison of the volume of cultured nasopharyngeal organoids (scale: 50 μm) according to the conventional method and the micro-matrigel ball method;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing a statistical comparison of the diameters of esophageal and nasopharyngeal organoids cultured by the conventional method and the microsphere-based method.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
As used in this specification, the term "about" is typically expressed as +/-5% of the value, more typically +/-4% of the value, more typically +/-3% of the value, more typically +/-2% of the value, even more typically +/-1% of the value, and even more typically +/-0.5% of the value.
In this specification, certain embodiments may be disclosed in a format that is within a certain range. It should be understood that this kind ofThe description of "being in a certain range" is merely for convenience and brevity and should not be construed as a inflexible limitation on the disclosed ranges. Accordingly, the description of a range should be considered to have specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and individual numerical values within that range. For example, a rangeThe description of (c) should be taken as having specifically disclosed sub-ranges such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., as well as individual numbers within such ranges, e.g., 1,2,3,4,5, and 6. The above rule applies regardless of the breadth of the range.
Part of the english abbreviation interpretation to which the application relates
DMEM: a widely used cell culture medium, suitable for culturing a number of mammalian cells, is available from the company GIBCO.
DMEM/F12: the culture medium is prepared by mixing F12 culture medium and DMEM culture medium according to a ratio of 1:1. The culture medium combines the advantages of rich F12 culture medium components and high nutrient concentration of DMEM. The product was purchased from GIBCO.
Matrigel: matrigel is separated from EHS mouse tumor rich in extracellular matrix protein, and its main components are laminin, IV type collagen, nidogen, heparan sulfate glycoprotein, etc., and also contains growth factor, matrix metalloproteinase, etc. The product was purchased from BD company.
The term "liquid-oil culture system" as used herein refers to an organoid growth culture system consisting of a cell culture medium and mineral oil, wherein the mineral oil is coated on top of the cell culture medium.
The micro-matrigel ball is a micro-sphere formed by mixing cells, matrigel and mineral oil in a specific proportion, wherein the cells are wrapped in the matrigel ball, and the outermost layer of the matrigel ball is the mineral oil.
Example 1
1. Tissue acquisition:
immediately after surgical/biopsy was obtained, it was transferred to a tissue preservation solution containing penicillin/streptomycin, placed in a portable cryopreservation box and the sample was transferred to the laboratory for processing.
2. Tissue isolation and culture:
2.1 tissue digestion: tissue was washed several times with penicillin/streptomycin containing PBS solution on ice; the tissue is crushed by using sterile scissors, 10mL of Trypsin is used for resuspending the tissue fragments, the fragments are transferred into a 50mL centrifuge tube, the fragments are digested in a 37 ℃ water bath for 1 hour, and the tissues are blown down every 10 minutes during the digestion period, so that the agglomeration of cell clusters is prevented, and the tissues are promoted to be fully digested into single cells.
2.2 cell collection: after completion of the digestion, the digestion was terminated by adding 20mL of DMEM medium containing FBS serum; filtering the digestive juice by using a 100 mul filter membrane to remove the residual tissue blocks; 400g, centrifuged for 5min, the supernatant removed and the cell pellet collected.
2.3 experiment group organoid culture: preparation of culture plates: and (3) sucking 300 μl of cell culture medium, adding into the bottom of the 24-well plate, sucking 300 μl of mineral oil, covering the upper layer of the cell culture medium, and placing into a 37 ℃ incubator for preheating. A proper amount of Matrigel is taken to re-suspend cell sediment, and the ratio of the cells to the Matrigel is 100-500 cells/mu l Matrigel; blowing 20-30 to mix the cells with Matrigel matrix, and placing the Matrigel/cell mixture into a microinjection tool (for example, microinjection syringe); taking out the preheated culture plate, extending the tip of the micro injection work into the mineral oil, slowly pushing the piston intermittently to discharge micro matrigel droplets from the needle tip in a volume of 0.3-0.5 mu l each time (including 0.3 mu l, 0.4 mu l or 0.5 mu l), wherein the discharged micro matrigel droplets can form spheroids in the mineral oil and slowly pass through the mineral oil layer to reach the cell culture substrate layer in sequence and suspend in the mineral oil layer, and the ratio of the cell culture medium to the matrigel spheres is 5:1 to 10:1 (including 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 9:1, or 10:1); the plates were placed at 5% CO 2 Culturing in a 37 ℃ cell incubator, gently shaking the flat plate for several times every 8-12 hours, and promoting the absorption of oxygen and nutrient substances; organoid growth was noted. The operation process is schematically shown in fig. 1.
2.4 control group organoid culture: proper amount is usedThe Matrigel is used for resuspending cell sediment (the quantity of Matrigel and the quantity of cells are partially consistent with 2.3), the proportion of the cells to the Matrigel is 100-500 cells/mu l Matrigel, the Matrigel is planted in the middle of a culture dish, the cell sediment is covered for 5min at room temperature, and the cell sediment is covered by a cell culture medium. The plates were placed on 5% CO 2 Cell culture in a 37 ℃ cell incubator, and organoid growth was observed and recorded.
The formula of the cell culture medium is as follows: the following proportions or concentrations of the basal medium DMEM/F12 were added: b27 additive (Life Technologies, 1:50), neuregulin (Life Technologies, 1:100), human epidermal growth factor (R & D,50 ng/mL), fibroblast growth factor 10 (Peprotech, final 200 ng/mL), ROCK inhibitor (Abmole Bioscience, final 10. Mu.M), tgfβ inhibitor A83-01 (Tocris Bioscience, final 2 μm), WNT signal pathway activator R-spin 1 (Peprotech, final 250 ng/mL), human noggin (Peprotech, final 100 ng/mL), wnt3a (Peprotech, 25 ng/mL), sirtuins inhibitor (Sigma, 1 mM), acetylcysteine (Sigma, 1 mM), L-glutamine (GIBCO, 2 mM), and penicillin (100U/mL)/streptomycin (0.1 mg/mL).
3. Subculturing organoids:
3.1 when the organoids are cultured to a certain number and volume, the organoids can be passaged. The supernatant mineral oil was aspirated at passage using 2mL Tryple TM The culture was resuspended and after pipetting the cell suspension was transferred to a 15mL centrifuge tube.
3.2, continuously blowing the cells in the centrifuge tube for 60-100 times by using a liquid-moving gun, and putting the cells in a water bath kettle at 37 ℃ for digestion for 5min.
3.3 taking out the centrifuge tube, gently blowing the centrifuge tube for 60-100 times by using a pipette, observing under a microscope, and possibly observing that a large amount of cell clusters are suspended in the digestive juice and rarely are single cells, and putting the centrifuge tube in a water bath at 37 ℃ again for digestion for 5min.
3.4 after single cell sampling, the centrifuge tube was placed in a centrifuge, 400g,5min, and the supernatant was discarded. Re-suspending cell precipitate with Matrigel at a ratio of 100-500 cells/μl Matrigel, blowing 20-30 to mix the cells and Matrigel completely, and mixing Matrigel/cell mixturePutting into a micro injection tool (taking a micro injector as an example), extending a needle point into mineral oil, slowly and intermittently pushing a piston to discharge micro matrigel droplets from the needle point in a volume of 0.3-0.5 mu l each time, wherein the discharged micro matrigel droplets can form spheroids in the mineral oil and slowly pass through a mineral oil layer to reach a cell culture medium layer and suspend in the cell culture medium layer; the plates were placed in 5% CO 2 Culturing in a 37 ℃ cell incubator, gently shaking the flat plate for several times every 8-12 hours, and promoting the absorption of oxygen and nutrient substances; organoid growth was noted.
3.5 control group subcultured.
It will be appreciated that the purpose of organoid passaging is to continue the expansion of the primary cultured organoid to obtain more cells. The steps of the subculture and the primary culture method are similar, the difference is that the primary culture is to digest tissues into single cells for culture, the subculture is to digest organoids into single cells for culture, and the control group can also be subjected to the subculture, and the method is the same as that of the control group. The volume of the organoids after the same time of culture in the conventional culture method and the microsphere culture method are compared with each other as shown in FIG. 2.
Example 2
The esophageal organoids and nasopharyngeal organoids were cultured by the method of example 1, respectively, and the actual comparison of the esophageal organoids and nasopharyngeal organoids obtained by the conventional culture method and the micro-matrigel ball culture method are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
The volume data of the esophageal organoids and nasopharyngeal organoids obtained by culturing by the conventional culture method and the micro-matrigel ball culture method are shown in the following table (100 organoids are selected for measurement in each method), and the statistical chart is shown in fig. 5.
TABLE 1 nasopharyngeal/esophageal organoids cultured by different methods
As shown in the table above, the average volume of the esophageal organoids cultured by the method of the application was 60944 cubic microns; the average volume of the oesophageal organoids cultured by the traditional method is 20545 cubic microns. The average volume of the nasopharyngeal organoids cultured by the method of the present application is 54091 cubic micrometers; the average volume of nasopharyngeal organoids cultured by the traditional method is 20328 cubic microns, and the culture time is 3 days.
In conclusion, the method can efficiently prepare organoids which grow rapidly and have stable quality, so as to meet the application in the fields of drug development and screening, toxicity test, tumor research, disease model construction and the like.
Example 3
Preferred parameter verification
It can be understood that the micro-matrigel ball provided by the method increases the contact area of matrigel and cell culture medium nutrient substances in a micro-droplet mode, thereby improving the efficiency of cell culture medium nutrient substances penetrating into matrigel and discharging cell metabolites. Thus, the rate at which the encapsulated cells grow into organoids is significantly increased, i.e., the organoids grown are larger in volume during the same incubation time. However, the size of the micro-matrix gel beads is not as small as possible, nor as large as possible. The size of the droplets of the micro matrigel formed by mixing the cells with the matrigel needs to be within a certain suitable range with respect to the cell culture medium to achieve optimal selection of nutrient penetration and metabolite removal. In the implementation, the method is selected to culture for 3 days under the condition that the ratio of a cell culture medium to a micro-matrix gel ball of a liquid-oil culture system is 5:1, and the sizes of organoids formed by the micro-matrix gel liquid drop culture of different volumes are examined (5 organoids are measured under each micro-matrix gel liquid drop volume).
TABLE 2 organoids grown by drop culture of different volumes of micro-matrigel solution
The embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application and the scope of the claims, which are to be protected by the present application.
Claims (6)
1. A method for rapidly culturing organoids by using micro-matrigel beads, which is characterized in that the method is implemented by using a micro-matrigel beads suspended in a liquid-oil culture system and specifically comprises the following steps:
step one: adding mineral oil at the top of a cell culture medium, and covering the cell culture medium with the mineral oil to prepare a liquid-oil culture system, wherein the volume ratio of the cell culture medium to the mineral oil of the liquid-oil culture system is 1:1;
step two: obtaining cells, mixing the cells with matrigel uniformly to obtain final cell concentration of 1×10 5 ～5×10 5 Cell suspension per ml;
step three: injecting the cell suspension obtained in the second step into the mineral oil layer of the liquid-oil culture system prepared in the first step by using a tiny injection tool, and discharging cells mixed with matrigel from the tiny injection tool to form tiny matrigel droplets, wherein the volume of the tiny matrigel droplets is 0.3-0.5 mu l, and the tiny matrigel droplets form tiny matrigel balls again in mineral oil and pass through the mineral oil layer to reach the cell culture substrate layer and are suspended in the cell culture substrate layer;
step four: placing all the micro matrigel balls into a cell culture base layer of the liquid-oil culture system, suspending the micro matrigel balls in the cell culture base layer, and placing the micro matrigel balls into an incubator for culture, wherein the ratio of the cell culture base of the liquid-oil culture system to the micro matrigel balls is 5:1; shaking the culture every 8-12 hours promotes the absorption of oxygen and nutrients and the discharge of metabolic waste.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the microinjection tool comprises one or more of a microinjector, a microcatheter, and a microfluidic manipulation instrument.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the ratio of cells to matrigel in step two is 100 to 500 cells/μl.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the cells are derived from normal human tissue or tumor cells and are digested to single cells.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the incubator culture conditions are 30 ℃ to 37 ℃,5% co 2 。
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step two of uniformly mixing the cells with the matrigel comprises substantially blowing or shaking.
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| CN114214267A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-22 | 大连大学 | Organoid matrigel microspheres and preparation method and application thereof |
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