CN115558276A - Special engineering plastic composite material for fan impeller and fusible core injection molding method thereof - Google Patents

Special engineering plastic composite material for fan impeller and fusible core injection molding method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115558276A
CN115558276A CN202211089546.XA CN202211089546A CN115558276A CN 115558276 A CN115558276 A CN 115558276A CN 202211089546 A CN202211089546 A CN 202211089546A CN 115558276 A CN115558276 A CN 115558276A
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China
Prior art keywords
composite material
injection molding
temperature
impeller
fan impeller
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CN202211089546.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
乔占凤
吴立豪
孙友军
孙加宝
陈华重
姜秀君
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Dalian Jiangyu New Material Technology Co ltd
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Dalian Jiangyu New Material Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202211089546.XA priority Critical patent/CN115558276A/en
Publication of CN115558276A publication Critical patent/CN115558276A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02Fibres or whiskers
    • C08K7/04Fibres or whiskers inorganic
    • C08K7/06Elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00Making granules
    • B29B9/02Making granules by dividing preformed material
    • B29B9/06Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D99/00Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • B29D99/0025Producing blades or the like, e.g. blades for turbines, propellers, or wings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02Fibres or whiskers
    • C08K7/04Fibres or whiskers inorganic
    • C08K7/10Silicon-containing compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02Fibres or whiskers
    • C08K7/04Fibres or whiskers inorganic
    • C08K7/14Glass
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L61/00Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L61/04Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
    • C08L61/16Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of ketones with phenols

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material fan impellers, and discloses a special engineering plastic composite material of a fan impeller and a fusible core injection molding method thereof, wherein the special engineering plastic composite material is a composite material mainly composed of at least one of polyarylether, polyimide, liquid crystal polymer and the like and inorganic fibers; the molding method comprises the following steps: the composite material impeller provided by the invention has the advantages of light weight, high strength, fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance, capability of adopting injection molding, simple molding process, low energy consumption, high production efficiency, high qualification rate and the like due to the mechanical characteristics of engineering plastics generally used by most of the doors.

Description

Special engineering plastic composite material for fan impeller and fusible core injection molding method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material fan impellers, and particularly relates to a special engineering plastic composite material of a fan impeller and a fusible core injection molding method thereof.
Background
The internal impeller of the blower is a core part of the blower, and the blower can generate flow and pressure, namely, the motor drives the impeller to rotate, so that gas is generated by pressure difference change. The air is blown after being pressurized by the rotation of the impeller, and the impeller part is required to be heat-resistant, ageing-resistant and corrosion-resistant, has excellent durability to vibration and external force, and is made of a material with low density, small warpage and easy molding.
The traditional impeller is made of cast aluminum, a sand core process is generally adopted, the energy consumption is high, the subsequent machining and forming are required, the product manufacturing cost is high, and the corrosion prevention requirement cannot be met at seaside or in an environment with corrosive gas.
Due to the structural problem of the impeller, the bent blade shape of the impeller leads to that the injection mold can not be directly injection-molded for demolding, and can not be made into a sliding block structure or a split splicing structure for injection molding. At present, five-axis processing can be carried out only by adopting compression molding blank materials, the time for molding and processing is long, and the processing cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a special engineering plastic composite material of a fan impeller and a fusible core injection molding method thereof. The composite material impeller provided by the invention has the advantages of light weight, high strength, fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance, capability of adopting injection molding, simple molding process, low energy consumption, high production efficiency, high qualification rate and the like due to the mechanical characteristics of most of general engineering plastics.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a special engineering plastic composite material for blower impeller is a composite material composed of inorganic fiber and at least one of polyarylether, polyimide, liquid crystal polymer, etc.
Further, the polyarylether may be any one of polyarylethersulfone, polyaryletherketone, and polyarylene sulfide.
Further, the inorganic fiber may be at least one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, boron fiber, quartz fiber, and the like.
The preparation method of the composite material comprises the following steps:
drying at least one material of polyarylether, polyimide, liquid crystal polymer and the like for 3-10 hours at 120-150 ℃, extruding in a double-screw extruder, adding inorganic fiber at a fiber adding port of the extruder during extrusion, extruding molten material filaments, cooling by air cooling, and cutting to prepare the composite material particles.
The set temperature of each section of the double-screw extruder is as follows: the temperature of the first area is 300-340 ℃, the temperature of the second area is 320-360 ℃, the temperature of the third area is 340-380 ℃, the temperature of the fourth area is 360-390 ℃, and the temperature of the machine head is 350-390 ℃.
The extrusion speed of the double-screw extruder is 40-150r/min, and the speed of adding the inorganic fiber is 1.2-7.0r/min.
The addition amount of the inorganic fiber is changed along with the extrusion speed change of the double-screw extruder, and the content of the inorganic fiber in the composite material is controlled by the extrusion speed of the double-screw extruder and the speed of adding the inorganic fiber.
A fusible core injection molding method of a fan impeller comprises the following steps:
firstly, casting a core casting insert by using low-melting-point metal; the concrete casting process comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing tin-bismuth alloy at about 200-235 ℃ according to the melting point requirement, taking a proper amount of tin alloy strips according to the volume of the groove, putting the tin alloy strips into a crucible or other heating containers heated to 210-240 ℃, and continuously stirring the tin alloy strips until the tin alloy strips are uniform in the melting process;
(2) The mould of the sample to be poured is uniformly heated to 160-200 ℃, the temperature is determined according to the size of the mould, and the temperature is lower when the mould is larger.
(3) The metal injection molding is carried out by a conventional casting method, so that the surface state of the insert is good, the internal defect is avoided, the required dimensional precision is ensured, and deformation and warping cannot occur.
Secondly, placing the mixture into a mold for injection molding;
assembling the casting insert in the first step into an injection mold, fixing firmly, conveniently taking the casting insert out of the mold along with an impeller during demolding, designing the casting insert into a taper pin for positioning, and performing injection molding to form a complex containing the casting insert and an injection molding impeller entity;
injection molding parameters: the screw temperature is 320-390 ℃, the mould temperature is 160-220 ℃, and the injection pressure is 190-220Mpa.
It should be noted that: the fluidity of the fiber-containing material is poor, the discharge hole of the injection molding machine needs to be large, and the size of the corresponding sprue bush needs to be large.
Thirdly, heating and melting the mold core;
the melting point of the special engineering plastics is above 320 ℃, so that the casting insert has a lower melting point, and the special engineering plastics can be treated above the melting point of the casting insert and below the melting point of the engineering plastics.
The method comprises the steps of melting a cast insert from inside to outside by induction heating, removing the residual cast insert by the hot oil, putting a complex containing the cast insert and an impeller entity into the inert hot oil, heating to 210-245 ℃, simultaneously carrying out induction heating, wherein the induction heating is only effective on metal and ineffective on plastic, heating for 0.5-1 hour, and melting off the alloy metal cast insert to obtain the complete plastic impeller.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The weight is reduced, and the weight can be reduced by 40-60%;
(2) Corrosion resistance, and can be applied in corrosive environments such as seawater and the like;
(3) The injection molding process of the cast insert is adopted, the existing injection molding machine can be adopted for molding, the method is simple and convenient, the molding period is short, the efficiency is high, the material of the cast insert can be repeatedly used, and the cost is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a single cast Sn-Bi alloy impeller casting insert;
FIG. 2 is a drawing of a moving mold including a casting insert mold;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of injection molding of a solid body comprising a casting insert and a runner;
FIG. 4 is a physical schematic of the final impeller;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a prior art five-axis machining process using compression molded blank material.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the invention, the following embodiments further illustrate the content of the invention, but the content of the invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental method used in the present invention is a conventional method, and all the experimental devices, materials, reagents, etc. used therein may be purchased from chemical companies.
The material of the plastic impeller, whichever is used, must be able to withstand the harsh environment. Therefore, in order to ensure long-term normal operation of the plastic impeller, the heat resistance, aging resistance, tensile strength, rigidity, and creep resistance of the material are very important.
The investment core method is also called as core-melting injection moulding technology, and is characterized by that it uses low-melting point metal (multi-purpose tin-bismuth alloy) to make core of injection mould, and places the core as insert in mould cavity, and after the processes of injection moulding and demoulding, the product is placed in a special hot bath to make the core be melted and recovered. The technology has the advantages of fast integral forming, high production rate, high finished product rate, capability of forming parts with very complex shapes and stable and reliable product quality.
The technology of the fusible core injection molding technology comprises the following steps:
casting a core with a low melting point metal → placing in a mold for injection molding → taking out the part with the core → heating to melt the core → cleaning the part → the part.
Example 1
Drying polyaryletherketone at 150 ℃ for 4 hours, extruding in a double-screw extruder, adding inorganic fiber at a fiber adding port of the extruder during extrusion, extruding molten material filaments, cooling by air cooling, and cutting to prepare the composite material particles.
The temperature of each section of the double-screw extruder is set as follows: the temperature of the first zone is 310 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 330 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 360 ℃, the temperature of the fourth zone is 370 ℃ and the temperature of the head is 385 ℃.
The extrusion speed of the double-screw extruder is 150r/min, and the feeding speed is 1.2r/min.
The fiber content is 28 percent by mass, the fiber length is 6-10mm, and the performance is superior to that of the traditional fiber powder mixed material.
Heating the core melting impeller mold to 220 ℃ by using an oil temperature machine, putting the alloy insert into the mold, preserving heat for 1 minute, preheating the insert with uniform temperature, setting the screw temperature to be 320-390 ℃, injecting the material melted by the screw into the mold under the injection pressure of 220Mpa, cooling and shaping, and ejecting.
And (3) putting the impeller with the insert block into 245 ℃ oil for injection molding, heating and melting the insert block by using an induction coil, repeatedly using the melted insert block, taking the impeller out of the oil, and removing the oil on the surface to obtain the impeller with the composite design requirement.
Example 2
Drying 80 mass percent of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and 20 mass percent of Polyimide (PEI) at 150 ℃ for 6 hours, extruding the materials in a double-screw extruder, adding inorganic fibers into a fiber adding port of the extruder during extrusion, extruding molten material filaments, cooling by air cooling, cutting and manufacturing the composite material particles.
The temperature of each section of the double-screw extruder is set as follows: the temperature of the first area is 300 ℃, the temperature of the second area is 320 ℃, the temperature of the third area is 340 ℃, the temperature of the fourth area is 360 ℃ and the temperature of the machine head is 380 ℃.
The extrusion speed of the double-screw extruder is 120r/min, and the feeding speed is 6r/min.
The fiber content is 25% by weight, the fiber length is 5-8mm, and the performance is superior to that of the traditional fiber powder mixed material.
Heating the fusible core impeller mold to 200 ℃ by using an oil temperature machine, putting the alloy insert into the mold, preserving heat for 1 minute, preheating the insert with uniform temperature, setting the temperature of a screw rod to be 320-390 ℃, injecting the material melted by the screw rod into the mold under the injection pressure of 200Mpa, cooling and sizing, and ejecting.
And (3) putting the impeller with the insert block into 245 ℃ oil for injection molding, heating and melting the insert block by using an induction coil, repeatedly using the melted insert block, taking the impeller out of the oil, and removing the oil on the surface to obtain the impeller with the composite design requirement.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. The special engineering plastic composite material for the fan impeller is characterized by being a composite material consisting of at least one of polyarylether, polyimide and liquid crystal polymer and inorganic fibers.
2. The special engineering plastic composite material for the fan impeller as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyarylether is any one of polyarylethersulfone, polyaryletherketone and polyarylene sulfide.
3. A special engineering plastic composite material for a fan impeller according to claim 1, characterized in that the inorganic fiber is at least one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, boron fiber, quartz fiber.
4. The special engineering plastic composite material for the fan impeller as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the composite material comprises the following steps: drying at least one of polyarylether, polyimide and liquid crystal polymer at 120-150 deg.C for 3-10 hr, extruding in a double screw extruder while adding inorganic fiber to the fiber inlet of the extruder, extruding molten filament, air cooling, cutting and pelletizing.
5. The special engineering plastic composite material for the fan impeller as claimed in claim 4, wherein the set temperature of each section of the double-screw extruder is as follows: the temperature of the first area is 300-340 ℃, the temperature of the second area is 320-360 ℃, the temperature of the third area is 340-380 ℃, the temperature of the fourth area is 360-390 ℃, and the temperature of the machine head is 350-390 ℃.
6. A special engineering plastic composite material for fan impeller as claimed in claim 4, wherein the extrusion speed of said twin-screw extruder is 40-150r/min, and the speed of adding inorganic fiber is 1.2-7.0r/min.
7. The method for injection molding of the fusible core of the fan impeller is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, casting a core casting insert by using low-melting-point metal at 200-235 ℃;
secondly, placing the mixture into a mold for injection molding; assembling the cast insert in the first step into an injection mold, fixing firmly, designing into taper pins for positioning, and performing injection molding to form a complex containing the cast insert and an injection molding impeller entity;
thirdly, heating and melting the mold core; and (3) putting the complex containing the casting insert and the impeller entity in the second step into inert hot oil, heating to 210-245 ℃, simultaneously carrying out induction heating for 0.5-1 hour, and melting off the alloy metal casting insert to obtain the complete plastic impeller.
8. The fan impeller fusible core injection molding method according to claim 7, wherein the first step of the specific casting process comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing tin-bismuth alloy according to the requirement of a melting point, taking a proper amount of tin alloy strips according to the volume of the groove, putting the tin alloy strips into a crucible or other heating containers, and continuously stirring the tin alloy strips until the tin alloy strips are uniform in the melting process;
(2) Uniformly heating a mould to be cast with a sample to 160-200 ℃;
(3) And performing metal injection molding by a conventional casting method.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the parameters of the second step of injection molding are as follows: the screw temperature is 320-390 ℃, the mould temperature is 160-220 ℃, and the injection pressure is 190-220Mpa.
CN202211089546.XA 2022-09-07 2022-09-07 Special engineering plastic composite material for fan impeller and fusible core injection molding method thereof Pending CN115558276A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6344160B1 (en) * 1996-09-17 2002-02-05 Compcast Technologies, Llc Method for molding composite structural plastic and objects molded thereby
US20120059100A1 (en) * 2010-09-07 2012-03-08 Xiamen Runner Industrial Corporatio Imitation metal engineering plastic composite material and preparation method of the same
CN107877891A (en) * 2017-10-21 2018-04-06 大连疆宇新材料科技有限公司 A kind of LFT D compression-moulding methods of fibre reinforced PEEK composite material section bars
CN114889036A (en) * 2022-05-23 2022-08-12 中北大学 Near-net injection molding method for thick-wall low-fluidity special engineering plastic product

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6344160B1 (en) * 1996-09-17 2002-02-05 Compcast Technologies, Llc Method for molding composite structural plastic and objects molded thereby
US20120059100A1 (en) * 2010-09-07 2012-03-08 Xiamen Runner Industrial Corporatio Imitation metal engineering plastic composite material and preparation method of the same
CN107877891A (en) * 2017-10-21 2018-04-06 大连疆宇新材料科技有限公司 A kind of LFT D compression-moulding methods of fibre reinforced PEEK composite material section bars
CN114889036A (en) * 2022-05-23 2022-08-12 中北大学 Near-net injection molding method for thick-wall low-fluidity special engineering plastic product

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
董鹏等: "复合熔芯用于复合材料模压成型的研究", 《纤维复合材料》, no. 2, pages 26 - 28 *

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